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'tfn-t 561,865 pupils. These were di- vided as followszinblic schools, 6,103; teachers, 11.2.. pupils, 457,- 616. Separate schools. 548; teach- 6,103; teachers, 11,2. pupils, 457,- 616. Separate schools, 548; teach- ers, 1,488; pupils. 70,041. Continu- ation schools, 137: teachers. 241; pupils, 5,104. High schools and collegiate institutes, 162; teachers, 1,061: pupils, 29,000. The next great step forward in connection with the educational sys- tem of the Province. the speaker said. would he the strp for the dif- ferentiation of specialist and varied secondary schools, so as to huw- a, course that will tit the boys and girls between fourteen and eighteen years of age for their life work. a steady increase in the number of teachers holding higher class cer- tificates. Dr. Cody said that it was the intention to give a great deal more attention to practical teaching in the normal schools. They will be given a short course of training in the proper use of a school library. Added attention will he given to in- struction in social and household life, by permitting the household science instructors' to give this in- struction, by lessening the amount ot the duties of the latter. It was the intention to separate the Department of Teacher Training trom the Department of Technical The Minister. said the fourth method of improving education was by the method of utilizing text- books, and the last was by the method of administration. But with regard to the former the teach- ers should recognize that they were only instruments and not a lesson. He had visited many parts of the Province, and he hoped to prove to the people that the department was not a. soulless machine; instead he wanted them to feel there was some personality in it. Increases in Salaries. , There are tire ways in which edu-i cational problems are to he dealt; with by the Legislature. Tho first; of these Was the practical method of; legislation. However, there was 1el need for much more legislation. While some people seemed to think} that a whole new educational bill; was necessary, that was not the' case. Many of the features in the famous Fisher Bill in Great Britain. were already in the Ontario Paws.,' What is needed to develop the ex-l isting machinery in the ueravtincut.l, However. there was It certain) amount of legislation neeUAi. until he mentioned particularly the Con-! solidated School Act. lie fore- shadowed. too, a bill which he will bring down to improve the Adoles- cent Schol Age Act. There will also be a bill affecting the Public Librar- ies and public life. Further there. will be a bill dealing with some amendments to the Public .cchools Discussing salaries, the speaker said they had greatly increased in the last ten years, the percentage be- ing 91 per cent. In connection with the salary increases there was also Five Different Methods. The third problem to improve tho education was by t'egulutiUi'ci. How- ever. he did not want the House to 'think he was "a worshipper of reg- ulations for themselves." "I believe regulations are made for the sake of teachers and pupils, and that teachers and pupils were not creat- ed and trained for the express pur- pose ot obeying regulations," said the Minister of Education. "I do not want inspectors or teachers to feel that they are the slaves of the letter, and through being the slaves of the letter that they kill the spirit. I want them to feel. that the text- books 'and regulations are instru- ments and not masters. Surely they ought to use and not abuse these regulations that are for their help and guidance." it was the duty of the inspectors in the first instance to assist the teachers. It was only a secondary duty to compile reports. "1 can promise that we shall not be the slaves of the system and that we shall not be killed by the regu- lut'ioLns," declared Dr. Cody. The Minister said that in.» sciond problem in improving mluvution to be dealt with by the House "as that of finances. He believed all of the educational problems could be solved by the expenditure of money. In 1912 there had been' $1,900,060 spent on primary and secondary education, and this year there would be spent over 331.000.000 for the same purpose. Act. Referring to the subject or indus- trial and technical education, the Minister said that plans must be made for specialized secondary and agricultural schools and specialized commercial and technical schools. Several ('ities had built schools af-. ter conferring with the department, The killer (lid nrtt rannlofn Hanan While relieving the course in the elementary schools there would be nothing to prevent advanced work being taken up in the advanced schools. Thus there would be more time for an adequate gmnding in reading, writing, spelling, ciphering, geography, history and those op- tional subjects sometimes referred to as fads-household science and domestic tstrience----which link up the theoretical eductlon with later life. He hoped that the teachers Would be provided with better manuals in spelling. as well as in the other courses. The department did not pre- scribe all the promotion Human" tions in the schools. "We don't even encourage them." he said. Examinations remained as a sort of necessary evil. As far as possible they would be removed. While he did not profess to know how far education could he taught in the. schools, he knew it could be caught from a teacher. The department was not losing sight of the patriotic ideals that should be kept before the boys and girls. A book of tho best war poems would be issued chortly that eould he of Practical, H'hOOIS at an. In future it won be the Dominion, Provincial a; c_.u-g-y-_l, . "' - Discussing tho matter of home Work. Dr. Cody said he didn't think it could be dode away with through- out the whole system. Everybody should seek as far as possible to keep it down. By the changes re- Dr. Cody next turned his attention to examinations. It was possible. he said, for a boy or girl to go right through the public and high schools without having to write upon a single examination prescribed by the department. The only examin- ation prescribed in the high schools was that for those qualifying them- selves to be tear-her. _ 7" v... .. u; nu: higher cost of production he would not promise the prices would not he higher in future. The reason for the discrepancies in figures which he presented and those presented by critics was that he dealt only with the authorized books. and not with those recommended for school libraries or for use by the teachers. [erred to above he/hoped uidUGari- ment would be able to relieve the situation to some extent. Many contracts for text-books had I run out. The time had come for} the revision of many of the books? and the matter was being actively] taken into consideration at the pre-! sent time. He then turned his at-i tentior. to some. of the criticism, voiced recently of the high cost of. text-books. Dr. Cody declared thurl in the high schools and collegiatesl in 1898 there were 22 books. the total cost of which was $14.60. In 1918 the number of books was 24l and the total cost $11.48. In the: public schools in 1898 13 books were I used at a cost of $3.37. and in 1918! 15 books were used at a cost ofi $2.77. However, in view of the,' to make grammar and composition a combination in the elementary school course. There had been too much physical and scientific geo- graphy in the elementary classes. and this will be corrected. Inspec- tors and teachers were now consid- ering improving on the arithmetic course. He had never hoped when n boy that the day would come when he could strike a blow against "un- clue burdening of unnecessary arith- metic." , HH- in the schools. Must Revise Text-books. 3nd Industrial Educatiiiiir"Trhe work was so great that Dr. Merchant would confine his duties solely to the development of teehnipal and industrial education. He explained the proposed course for soldiers, and said that it was hoped to be able to remove the academic defects. Referring to the choosing of in- spectors, Dr. Cody said it would be necessary to give some special train- ing to them before they start their work. The Minister dwelt at some length on proposed revisions to \the (-nurses of study. It was proposed to make grammar and composition a combination in the elementary Training Inspectors. ith the department. not regulate those In future it would