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address communications to a 73 adelaide st west toronto taking care of the honey crop honey is a perishable article uo cutter whether it is left in the comb or extracted with care it can be kept in good condition for long per- iods especially in the extracted form nectar as stored by the bees con- tains a high percentage of water which must be evaporated before the honey can be extracted when the cells are filled and the right amount of evaporation has taken place the honey is sealed over and is then conj sidered to be ripe it is not advis able to extract honey until at least threofourths of the cells are capped especially in regions where the honey is inclined to be rather thin comb honey should be left on the hives until all cells containing honey are sealed but should not be left on any longer than thi3 or the sections are likely to becomo travel stained j the honey should be extracted as- soon as possible after the supers are removed from the hives and if dono while still warm more honey will be taken from the combs after the honey j is extracted it must be strained to remove all foreign matter straining may be done through fine cheesecloth or by letting the honey stand in tanks for two or three days when all for- eign matter will have risen to the sur- face if the honey is well ripened it should be placed in the final contain- ers at once before it starts to granuj late but if it is too thin it should bo left in the tanks a short time for further ripening honey should be stored in a dry place as it readily absorbs moisture from a damp atmos phere honey ripening in tanks should stand in a warm dry room ripened honey in containers ready for market will keep better in a cold dry place section honey should ba stored in a well- ventilated room where the temperature is high and constant or moisture will condense on the cap- pings and be absorbed c b good- orham dominion apiarist how we cooperated in cutting corn by s k stevens feeding meat byproducts in hoppers to hogs j the value of organic supplements for hog feeding has been demonstrat ed in a number of tests completed dur- ing the past few years on the domin ion experimental farms j in a feeding test conducted with four lots of yorkshire hogs two com- mercial tankages and a commercial meat meal were fed in seiffceding hoppers as supplements to the meal- ration which in this instance contain- ed milk as well while the remaining lot was used as a check in order to determine the economy of feeding thtse supplements and also the quan tity which the hogs would consume the test commenced on january 9 and continued for u period of 90 days each lot included seven pigs averag ing from 44 to 54 pounds in weight the meal ration for all lots consisted of ground outs 2 parts ground bar ley 1 part shorts 1 part middlings 1 part and linseed oil meal 3 per cent the menl was fed rs a milk slop in troughs each lot of hogs consum ed 1710 pounds of the meal mixture and 3322 pounds skimmilk lot 1 was used as the check and did not receive moat byproducts while lot 2 consumed 906 per cent of tankage lot 3 114 per cent of no 2 tankage and lot 4 908 per cent of meat meal lot 1 made slightly the lowest gains as well as the most economical gains followed in turn by the lot on no 1 tankage the lot on no 2 tankage and the lot on meat meal the aver- ago daily gains per hog were 103 pounds 105 pounds 108 poinds and 109 pounds while the feed costs par pound of gain were 623 cents 668 cents 674 cents and 689 cents re spectively the addition of the meat by products increased the gains but this increase was not sufficiently large to compensate for the increased cost of the ration the results further indicate that it is not economical to add as much as 10 per cent of meat byproducts to a well balanced meal and milk ration these results agree in principle with those of previous tests in that organic supplements increase tho gains produced in a given period and also that it is not usually economical to supply these much in excess of 6 or 6 per cent of the meal ration fi diseases of ducks and geese by harry m lamon mature ducks and geese are prac tically free from disease there is e certain amount of loss among the old stock but as a rule more on ac count of disease occasionally they become ruptured but rarely if ever get egg bound they are practically free from lice and other pests range from which they can secure all thegreon food they wish rats are very destructive if they get among ducklings therefore pro vide against these pests goslings are very free from dis ease and a large percentage of those hatched should bo raised diarrhoea there is a greater loss among is caused by bad feeding by soft feed ducklings than among mature stock in a sloppy condition by stagnant and every precaution should be taken water or dirty drinking dishes to keep them in the best of health change their feed at once and give prevention of disease should be the them a small amount of cracked corn byword in raising any and all types daily faulty feeding may also cause of fowls lameness therefore study correct j be sure that brooder temperatures feeding j are correct and that feed used is ab- 1 supply grit and gravel and beef solutely sweet and clean and like- scrap if you expect geese to do well wise the houses and yards the water goslings sometimes contract an in- dishes must be kept clean and well fectious disease called goose septl- dislnfected and the young birds have cemia which is similar to fowl plenty of clean food if you want to cholera there is no known remedy maintain them in good health j kill the diseased birds and change one of the most common diseases the balance of the flock to new ground that ducklings are subject to is gapes if possible the houses feed troughs or pneumonia it is not the same as and drinking vesses which the birds gapes in chickens but a form of cold have been using should be thoroughly which approaches pneumonia when j disinfected the ducklings have contracted pneu- both duck and geese feathers more monia they stand around stretch than pay for the coil of picking and their necks and gasp for breath saving the soft feathers should be when it has reached this stage they i separated from the quills as there is die in a very short time occasionally quite a difference in the value of the mature ducks arc affected to pre- different grades after picking the vent and cure this disease be sure feathers should bo put in a dry airy that tho brooding house and sleeping place so that they will dry out tor- quarters are free from drafts and oughly this process can bo hasten- that the brooding conditions aro corjed by stirring the feathers every few rect i days failure to dry the feathers fits is another disease that attacks thoroughly will result in their heat- ducklings three or four days old they ing and molding and one will have to simply keel over and die it is un- take much less for feathers in this doubtedly caused from digestive shape than if they are thoroughly troubles and can generally be pre vented or stopped by feeding an abundance of green food diarrhoea is a common trouble among baby dried sheep ducks often caused by their becoming as rule ia are hotter taken off overheated or chilled in the brooder the ewes whcn between four and five or by improper feeding i months old by that time the ewes the ducklings may become lame and wiu rot havo a f dcal of milk nld many of those affected die the better for both tho lambs and trouble is generally caused by feed- cvcs tnat tlcv bo separated the ing a poorlybalanced ration sour breeding flock will have an opportune feed overfeeding or damp pens i ity io e- u and if the lambs occasionally ducklings will have an ar0 p on k pasture they will watery discharge in the eye caused make better gains if it is possible by too much sloppy feed place the tle separation should be made on a birds by themselves correct the feed c da pnd if tne can be nut at and bathe their eyes in some anti- different ends of the farm it will pre- septic solution such as boracic acid vcnt n k dca of fretting and and in a short time the condition will worrying it is rot advisable to put disappear j them together again but to make tha feather eating occurs generally in separation final ducklings that arc kept in crowded a ra pnsturc with a grass field quarters it starts when n bird is adjoining mnkes an ideal pasture for injured and the other birds attracted the lambs after weaning if this is by tho blood pick at it soon tho available second growth fresh habit spreads among the flock rej clover or fresh spring seeding that move the feather eating birds if it has made good growth will make a has not spread through the whole rood substitute in tho case of pure- flock and place them with oldor birdi bred flocks where the male lambs have fully fsathered this will generally been kept for breeding purposes it brak the habit where it has become will be necssary to separate them quit general give thorn plenty of from tho cwo lambs five years ago last fall it became impossible for the people of my neighborhood to get an outfit to cut their corn for the silos it was gel- ting late in the season and there was danger of immediate frost finally a person in the vicinity who owned a threshing outfit agieed to hire us an engine if we could find a cutter we were no better off than before for it was impossible to get the cutter i proposed to a neighbor that wa go and look at a cutter and see if it would pay to buy one on shares to this he agreed and the next diy wo started to find one my neighbor thought that a secondhand cutter would do as well as a new one and of course would not cost nearly so much not wishing to create any discord i agreed to look at some of that type but on condition that before purchas ing any he go with me and look over a new one we looked over tha second hand cutters and then i showed him the better points of a new one and finnlly convinced him that a new cut ter would bo the cheapest in the end we bought an ensilage cutter i thus did we purchase an ensilage cutter tho next day we brought it home and tho next set it up and got tho hired engme and the day follow ing put my corn into the silo easily and quickly tho cutter doing fine work my partners corn was also cit that season and another farmer who was having the same trouble that we had been having hired u to put his corn into tho silo the next fall a man was found who promised to hire us his engine and accordingly tho people all began cut ting their corn but when we wore all ready to fill the silo and phoned the man to bring os his engine ho flatly refused to do so at any price we were now in a bad position as our corn was fast losing value by lying on tho ground and there seemed to be no way of getting an engine then we bought an engine i ran my car out of tho garage and went to another one of my neighbors and asked him to go with me to look at an engine to this he agreed andi that afternoon we hastened to the noaresi dealer and found that ha had on hand the very engine recommended to run the cutter that we had previ- osuly purchased it was obvious loat the engine was the solution of our problem and we purchased it on halve3 at once the next day i brought it home and wc started in cutting corn and in a few days the job was done now we save every year the 50 or 60 formerly spent for getting oir ensilage cut sawing wood and grinding feed the engine and cutter did not satis fy our taste for cooperation the fruits of cooperation were too sweet i bought a woodsaw and my partner bought a feedmill last winter that feedmill was a source of everlasting comfort to us when we ran out of feed all we had to do was to take our grain to the enginehouse start the engine and grind out the feed jthis was somewhat easier more comfort- ablo and more economical than to travel three or four miles to mill on a cold winter day not only was it useful in that way but we realized a neat profit on our investment by grinding our neighbors feed as for the woodsaw we cut our winter wood quickly and easily and if any of our neighbors wish any cut we are in a position to do it easily and quickly water and shade animals suffer greatly from the heat we are busy in the summer and prone to let the live stock look out for itself most all kinds of domestic animals are very capabe of doing this if they have the oppor tunity too often however they are shut up in fields and pastures through the heat of the day without shade and without water these two things properly provided will go a long ways toward keeping the animals comfort able and there is nothing that can take their places the ideal pasture contains both a liberal supply of dense natural shade and clear running water but these ideal conditions are given only to the few on many farms they must ba provided by artificial means and where this is necessary it will mean a great deal to tho farmer to see that they are not neglected the same sheds that offer the live stock shelter from the cold and storms of winter may often be used to pro vide protection from the suns direct rays in the heat of summer in which case they should bo kept reasonably clean and well ventilated but stables that are closed may become well nigh suffocating to a hot animal on certain days when the atmospheric conditions are oppressive the artificial water supply may also bo entirely satisfactory if it is adequate a good windmill and sup ply tank is a groat laborsaver and moans n constant supply of water on hand the important thing is to see that water is available where tho animals can get it at will or at least that it is supplied often on hot days an attack of woolly cater pillars threatening late last august and also in sep tember and early october there was an outbreak of a pale yellowish hairy caterpillar which attacked and defoliated many apple orchards and caused much concern to apple grow- ers so says prof l caesar provin- cial entomologist usually an insect of this kind is troublesome only for a singio year and then disappears but from the number of adult motha which have been captured or seen i lately thero are strong indications that thorc will be another outbreak of this caterpillar in august this yeer and also perhaps of a closely related one which is covered with black and yellow hairs instead of with yellow hairs alone fruit growers and others should examine their trees from time to time to see if there are many of these caterpillars present tho caterpillars will of course at first be quite small if thoy are abundant onough to justify control measures thoy may be destroyed by spraying with 1 or 2 pounds arsen ate of lead powder to 40 gallons of water the early aprays will not de stroy these insects because they will all have been washed off or much new foliage will have come out before the caterpillars appear and this new foliage will not have any poison on it o tho only advantage of a scrub cow is that it doesnt take so long to milk her making an old kitchen new by doris w mvcray the other day a group of women met to talk about making over kit chens after partaking of an unusu ally good picnic dinner and tho usual exchange of recipes we began the regular meeting our specialist sent by the womens institute branch of the provincial dept of agriculture first asked the women which they wanted most light or water in tho kitchen she told of one woman who had a sink and run ning water put into her kitchen for c another for 8 each confessing that she could have afforded it long ago had she known how small the ex pense would be several women pres ent who had had electricity installed pointed out ito advantages and said they used the power not only for light but for running their various ma chines the relative cost of acetylene electric light from a farm plant and light from the highpower line were discussed how much window space brackets over tho sink and work- tablo to hold lamps where they would givo best light for evening work wero j then recommended our specialist i said the glass area in a kitchen should be 20 per cent of the floor area for instance a room measuring ten byi twelve foot would have 120 square feet in tho floor and therefor tho windows should total twentyfour square feet of glass she mentioned j white walls as making the room seem lighter and larger but light gray or tan walls are proforoblo because soft er in tone and easier to keep clean in a room whero canning separating and j tome of tho heavy tasks incident to butchering ee done our hostess stated that she likes her white kitchen and finds it utile trouble to keep clean btt she has no small children and het summer kitchen in tha base- ment accommodates separator wash- or and meals for harvesters the best rxoobino j samples of flooring including oiled bard maple varnished hard pino in- laid and printed linoleum were thenj shown tha oiled floor is good when a little oil is used and it is rubbed well into the grain of the wood using much pressure women who had different floors told of their advantages and disadvantages linoleum was in favor as tho easiest to clean and the pretj tiest to look at tho method of pre serving it is to give it three ooats of good grade floor varnish every other year she had seen a linoleum four teen years in us which had been given this caro and it was in fine con- ditlon after tho figures have worn off the printed linoleum two coats of paint and one of varnish were advised a worn ingrain carpet seated with a filler paint and varnish makes a good substitute for linoleum mopwringers then camo up for dis cussion and it was remarked that one mwr sees a janitor wringing a mop by hand kitchen ahltangement discussed there was more truth than poetry in tho humorous cartoon showing tho woman in an oldfashioned kitchen walking several rods during the mik ing of an applo pie at our meeting a kitchen plan was shown and tho linos of travel traced which the owner would walk during tho preparation of meals tho plan was then rearranged by means of a few changes which would save many hours of work and miles of travel during tho year wo then adjourned to our hostess kitchen and watched her mako a pot of coffee walking just eight steps while our specialist told how in the old kitchen of her girlhood homo she had walked eighty steps in performing tho same task while a llttlo thought in arrange ment of materials would have saved time and stops tho advantages of tea carts wheel trays and tables on cat tors wero discussed our hosts3 ex- plained tho advantages of her kitchen which she planned just a sho wanted it when they bulk tho houso a few years aga it is a most convenient kitchen for a country home we then filled out questionnaires which set us thinking about our own kitchens the questions concerned water supply light ventilation floor and wall finishes kind of fuel storage space equipment and floor plan ques tions about equipment wero worded something like this do you havo a refrigerator high stool comfortablo chair dish drainer gasoline iron carpet sweeper vacuum cleaner wheal tray power washer electric iron mop wringer firelcss cooker pressure cook er dumb waiter iceless refrigerators those which lower into a hole beneath the cellar floor were favored since they would also serve as dumb waiters for carry ing fruit jars up and down cellar the price of these refrigerators ranges from 85 to 46 and in soma cases they have been copied by the homo carpenter a hole two feet deep in the cellar floor was suggested as a cool place inwhioh to keep milk a win dow box is handy for the less cold part of winter the box being attached to the sill so that when the window is raised tjje food can bo put into it to keep cool other kitchen problems wero talked over and i am sure every one of us went home and improved our own kitchens if only to move the salt box and the tea canister nearer the stove the childrens hour 3 strangebotanical phenomenon bbs v x v vi x frr y 0 atei v jsss moneymaking stunts taking care of my mothers chick ens i have found to be a profitable business j my sisters wore knitting sweaters j to earn money and as they were earning money i was eager to earn some also i had no way to earn it one day mamma told me if i would take caro of the chickens she would give me an egg out of evory dozen i thought this a good way to earn money so i started out my duties are as follows in the morning i give them feed water and open the nests at night i give them feed water gather the eggs and shut the nests about every two days i make them a mash which i put in tha selffeeders wo havo about 100 hens some white leghorns and some rhode is land reds on an average wo got about five or six doezn eggs a day we now have about fifteen hons set ting so wo do not get as many eggs as at first on an average i get about eighty cents each week from this i put ten cents in the bank each week for the christmas savings club i also put away that much at homo i keep enough on hand to buy my pencils and tablets for school and to give at sunday school i enjoy doing this work very much marjorie j them there are many more tnings to make money but i take pickles for mine here is my reason for liking them last year my father planted an acre of pickles and if we would hoe them and take case of them we would get part of the money they brought at the end of the summer we had made 7998 we each got 1198 to add to our bank accounts we made the very best use of out money just now when we dont need it we put it in the bank because it is drawing interest then when we need it it will be a muclf urger sum than when wo put it in there i think it is well for children who have the chance to grow something of their own and get the money from it for their own because it teachej them how to raise a special thing and how to care for it we have put in another crop of pickles this year and the money will be ours if wo take care of them you cant lose oh pickles because if thoj do not grow you dont havo to bothe with them martin l the most remarkable botanical discovery in recent times has been the dlscovory a short time ago that the douglas fir growing in certain pats of tho dry belt of british columbia yields a good sugar qulto as palatable and much sweeter than canb or beet sugcr used on ordinary occasions in the households of the world tho photo accompanying will tell bettor than words what it looks hko evory year for centuries the indians have gathered it and ihe bears brook down branches to get it but until lately it has escaped the white mans at tention it contains nearly fifty per cent of mciczltose a rare trlsaccar- hldo formerly only cbulncd from a shrub la persia- francis dickie last year my mother gave mo four ducks and a drake and told me i could do whatever i pleased with them 001 saved all the eggs and set them as fast as i got enough to set i hatched 104 of them and raised ninetyfive i sold enough ducks to bring c0 all of which i put in the bank and it is there yet i mean to leave it thero i and to put more with it wc had some ducks to ent i think ducks are better than chicken to cat the last fourteen ducks i gave to my mother to pay for the feed i used feeding my ducks i fed the little ducks bread or johnnycako in milk until i got them started then i gave them a wet feed of corn rioal bran and middlings with a little meat scrap mixed in i keep them closed in small pens on hot days and let them out in tho evenings when tho sun wasnt so hot for them david s poultry manure for the garden poultry manure is an ideni garden manure it js very strong it con tains more phosphorous than other manures i found that if tho drop ping boards were dusted with ashes or soil to absorb tho ammonia and the scratching material was mixed with the droppings from the board in a compost pile it made a topdressing for use during the summer that had no equal among fertilizers improved only by using acid phosphate or ab sorbing material on the dropping boards it made my plante dark in foliage and rapid in growth it will be improved by tho addition of soma bonemeal if acid phosphate is not used as an absorbent a h the btstmoncymaklng stunt that i evrr had was a share in an acre of cucumber pickles i know that cere is money in them for i have tried tho next time you have trouble fastening on engine crenm separator or even a barn partition to a concrete floor try tho following plan and i think you will bo as well pleased with it as i havo been chisel the necessary holes in tho concrete with a templet set tho bolts and hold them accurately melt sulj phur and pour into tho holes to fill them and let it harden it will so weld the bolts to tho concrete that they can not be twisted loose and will spring enough that it will not crack the one caution is be sure tho conj crete is perfectly dry or the steam generated by the hot sulphur will drive it out before it hj had time to harden r b