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"In this short period of time the recruit goes through a severe type of training, concentrated into a minimum of ,time. This followed by eight anâ€" ‘nual g@rill courses of 18 days each, spread over the 12 years from 20 to 32. At this stage the soldier leaves the first and enters the «second line or ‘Landâ€" wehr.‘ ~"The Swiss solidier citizen has his eqiuiipment and gun at home. That‘s why,{in 1914, the Swiss army was the first one mobilized. In case of a mobilization the Swiss soldier goes home, exchanges his civilian clothss for his uniform, and proceeds to the rallyving point. "HMHe remains in this unit up to the age of 40, and is required to pass two further repetition courses of 18 days bach. For the next eight years he beâ€" longs to the territorial troops, the Landsturm‘. and in peacetime is callâ€" ed in only for an annual one day‘s inâ€" spection. A recent decree extends the army ago limit from 48 to 60 years in case of general mobilization. > € speaking Genevan gets to know the CC Germanâ€"speaking Bernese and the Italianâ€"speaking Tessiner. , Unlike All Others "The Swiss army system is unlike any other military system I know. It embraces the full manhood strength of| J the nation but is so worked out as to put a minimum of strain on the counâ€" try, while assuring a maximum of deâ€"| A fensive strength. A boy enters the} army at 20. Until 1939 the school for| th recruits required 10 to 12 weeks, 2| a; period which has now been extended| t; to nearly four months because of the| j« training time needed in the use of| to more complicated modern arms. | in # P "You are quite right in wondering what keeps this country together. It is the common cause symbolized by the Swiss flag and the Swiss uniform. A common uniform promotes comradeâ€" ship, and comradeship is the foundaâ€" tion of the democratic spirit. It is in military service that the Frenchâ€" snmeakinge Genevan gets to know the speak Romansch, an anciecnt Rhetoâ€" Roman idiom. Fiftyâ€"seven per cent. of the population is protestant and 41 per cent. Roman Catholic. "You don‘t realize what an opporâ€" tunity the military service is for Om boys. The relation between efficer and troop can be all the beiter if each ofâ€" ficer knows how a soldier feels. It is good for a spoiled youngster to get the same treatment for a while tha: a gardener‘s son gels. "such a system is a school of demoâ€" cracy. You have seen the two soldiers. They are obviously of different social class, but they wear the same uniform and obedience is required of both. Beâ€" sides social differerces in Switzerland there are differences in language and religious denomination. About 71 per cent. of the Swiss speak a German diaâ€" lect, the Swiss German, which again hag nearly as many shades of proâ€" nunciation as there are villages in those districts. About 21 per cent. speak French; six per cent., Italian; and a little more than one per cent. "Switzerland has no standing army. That would ‘be too expensive for such a small country. We had io work ou a system of our own, a militia system. Our constitution requires, as a fundaâ€" mental duty of citizenship, that every male citizen shall do a period of miliâ€" tary service. If he is unable to do sz for physical reasons or because he is abroad, he has to pay a tax in lieu Of his service. And every man has to beâ€" gin as an ordinary recruit. Great Opportunity "But," one of the Americans interâ€" rupted, "how can your talented and eqaucated young men afford to lose so much time? They shouldn‘t be spendâ€" ing their time as private soldiers in peacetimes, it ssems to me." from an intellectual family. "How many years of military service must the Swiss do in peaceâ€"time, or is there a professional army as in the United States?" our American friends ask their Swiss guide. "witzerland has no standing army. That would ‘be too expensive for such Entering ~Switzerland office, we find two soldi They wear grayâ€"greon good material. Their differ in shape from thos mans, the Frerch, and one of the soldiers, appal ant, has heavy hands, Writer Answers the Quesâ€" tion, "Why Has Switzerâ€" land Escaped the Hun?" Swiss are United and Work Together in Common Cause PAGE sTX vÂ¥s‘° drill we do realize what an opporâ€" this unit up required to pa ? Why did Germa hrough Holland a han through o soldiscrs on guar â€"gre2on uniforms 0 Their stcol helmet m those of the Ger i custom examination in 1920 Gratton.. The pu; also won several The same issue twenty years ago gave the list of proâ€" motions at the Timmins public school. Among those passing. the first two in Twenty Years A go Commission The Advance twenty years $ ago samM: "Mr. Geo. W. Lee, chairman From the Porcupine Advance | of the T. N. O. Railway Commission, \ Col. John McLaren, and Col, L. Marâ€" One of the longest articles in The! tin, were visitors in Timmins last week Advance twenty years ago was a reâ€"| and made an excellent impression on port of the presentation of prizes at.; all who had the pleasure of meseting the St. Anthony‘s school. The school| them. In the first place, people were and the attendance was much smaller | favourably impressed by the fact that then than it is now, but there was a the new commissioners made a point list of prize winners occupying close|of going over the line so soon after to a column in space. The list is an’ their appointment. "And we will be interesting one, now as it was twenty | back again soon," said Chairman Lee. years ago, but space will not allow itsl In the second place the new commisâ€" reproduction. Some of the special| sioners seemed to be in hearty accord ! Speaking of the new T. N. 0. same iC country "But this mentality quickly changed when we saw what was going on in Germany. The Swiss people realized that t maintain their freedom they had to be ready for sacrificc. When a loan of $53,500,000 for reorganization of the army was floated in 1936, it was oversubscribed by $22,500,000. 7 "‘A pAssSIVe fAll organized and ai "Switzerland‘s military sysiem has grown in a country which for 650 years has set its own course and which is ready to take its share in the rebuildâ€" "When a boy passes the physical test for military service, he can choose h branch of service and if possible his desires are followed. An engineer wiil be most useful in the artillery or the air force. In some of those units the duration â€"of service is substantially longer than for the infantry man." "What sort of change of atmosphere took place when this war was approachâ€" ing?" an American asked. "Soon after Hitler came to power and the Germans began to speak in another tons, the Swiss foresaw the possible danger for their country. The military authorities realized that the equipment of our army would be inâ€" sufficient to defend the country in a modern war. «As in other countries, the peciple begrudged the high military expenditures they were asked to meet. Has No Commander "The Swiss army in peacetime has no commandéerâ€"inâ€"chief and no generâ€" al in wartime the two chambers of parliament, sitting together, elect a general as commanderâ€"inâ€"chief of the Swiss armed forces." "What about the other branches of the army?" the Americans asksa. ‘"You have only spoken about the inâ€" fantry." a required, and if you don‘i make the necessary points you must do additional exercises. (Shooting has been called the national sport of Switzâ€" erland. Each village has a club wiin its own shooting gallery, where the men practice. "Officers‘ training is restricted to a minimum, too. Ths subordinate offiâ€" cers are selected from the ranks of the privates. rifle prac of waish for the pupli receiyvâ€" ighest marks at the entrance on in 1920 was won by Leo The pupils named above history, given by Rev. Fr. was won by Jean Maltais. A l donated by Mr. Rochefort Sara DoelGuidise. The gold ; English literature given by rke, was won by Alice Mcâ€" Iréne Everard won the gold matheémaiics, presented by Crae. The $5.00 purse given tice on new world, developin that are so precious t all ie side. Thirty hiis d, and if you don‘s ‘y points you must cises. (Shooting has lonal sport of Switzâ€" ge has a club wiin gallery, where thne »fence force was id shelters built. the this each class is given as follows:â€"To enâ€" trance classâ€"Margarect Howse, Issis Shulman. To Sr. IVâ€"Edith Richardâ€" son, Daisy Tilley. To Jr. IVâ€"Simon | Gurvitch, Elizabeth Colbourns. So Str. | IIâ€"Laina Huhtala, Jack Johnson. To | Jr. IIIâ€"Lewis Field, Mary Hyrtik. To special interest and attendance will be looked for. The meseting Friday night also decided that on account of disconâ€" tinuing the regular meetings, the exâ€" pense involved and for other rgasons, Mr. Bell, of Toronto, who suggested lacturing here on his trip through Scotland should not be engaged by the society. A hearty vote of thanks was tendered to Mr. John Power and the staff of the Minga for their kindness and attention in connection with the society‘s cruis>s on the steamer, and it was decided to have another society cruise at anly early date, the arrangeâ€" ments being left in the hands of Mr. P. Dougall and Mr. J. K. Moore." Twenty years ago The Advance noted the erection of traffic signs at certain street intersections in town. ‘"‘One of thesse monuments," said The Advance, "is at the Goldfields hotel corner and another at the bank corner. Follow the advice on these posts and keep to the right or else you will get wrong." l2cturing Scotland society. tendered staff of and atte society‘s vance twenty years ago had frequent reference to the activities of the society, one of the paragraphs in the issue of June 29th, 1921, ‘being as follows: "At the regular meeting of the Caledonian Society of Timmins, held in the ILGO. O.F. hall on Friday evening last it was decided to discontinue the regular meeting of the society during the hot weather months of July and August. The society will meet again in Septemâ€" ber and due notice will be given of the first meeting after the hotâ€"weather months. In the meantime, a particuâ€" larly attractive syllabus will be arrangâ€" ea for the meetings in the fall, and Twenty years ago one of the mosp popular social organizations in the town was the Caledonian Society of Timmins. While primarily a Scottish society it provided a good time for the Scots and their friends, the latter including all nationalities. The Adâ€" Str. IIâ€"Annie Szcott, Tyna Limataine. To Jr. IIâ€"Mary Allen, Milly Pichuto. To Sr. Iâ€"Ray Eddy, Isabel Carter. To Sr. Iâ€"Elsa Tynjala. To Jr. Iâ€"Nellic Kennedy, Gladys Fairbrother. To Sr. Primaryâ€"Roma â€"C. DelLuca, Victor Mullen. they know how to deal with men and are not dismayed by problems or diffiâ€" cullies. Col. Martin is a railway enâ€" gineer of experience. He enjoys the esteem and respect of all who know him. Col. McLaren, the founder and mainstay for many years of the wellâ€" known firm of McLaren Limited #wholeâ€" sale grosers, is a popular figure in his own city of Hamilton. That ambitious city made him mayor and has otherâ€" wise honoured him by public office and public confidence," One minor difference, it was pointed out, is to be seen in the washing of the mixtures. Some artificial fibres beâ€" come weakened when wet, so extra care must be taken to avoid rough handling or wringing of the new types. Still Make All Weights Chemists ~have been applying ail their laboratory experience to the new dyeing problems and the warâ€"time stockings will appear in just the right shades for current fashions. They are being made in sheer "evening wear" weights and in the heavier service qualâ€" The new stockings are both attracâ€" tive and serviceable, for Canadian manufacturers intend to uphold their reputation as the makers of the world‘s finest fullâ€"fashioned hosiery. To supâ€" port their claims for the new "mixâ€" tures‘" the manufacturers at the samâ€" eon in Toronto displayed various samâ€" ples of allâ€"silk and mix.ure hose ana the fashionâ€"wise writers and radio commentators had difficulty in telling them apart. So skilfully have the mixâ€" tures been knitted that no Canadian girl need worry about sacrificing her glamour hosiery! Knowing that their readers and lisâ€" teners from coast to coast were waitâ€" ing for the answers, the fashion writâ€" ers and commentators were ready with their questions. And these are the fagis they learned from the men who make the stockings. Use Composite Yarn The new Canadian wartime hosiery, according to present plans at least, is a mixture of real silk and rayon. These types of stockings are going into proâ€" duction in Canadian mills now, but it will be some months yet before they become the general hose item on ‘ne market. Lisle is also used and continâ€" ues to play its part in the tops and feet. In the "Mixture‘" stockings Fine filaments of real silk are twisted with filaments of the best available rayon to produce a "composite yarn" and this yarn is used for knitting the leg panels of the hose. Manufacturers Coâ€"operate With Government. to Reâ€" duce Silk Imports. These and countless octhers were the questions fired at manufacturers #! fullâ€"fashioned hosiery by a representaâ€" tive group of Canadian newspaperwomâ€" en, magazine editors and radio columnâ€" ists at a luncheon here recently. The fashion writers, like all Canadian womâ€" en, had been wondering what was hapâ€" pening to silk stockings now that silk imports had been reduced to conserve foreign exchange. All of them had noâ€" ticed that stockings purchased recently had had other materials than silk in the tops and feet. (By Florence Elliott) Torontoâ€""What will the warâ€"time stockings be like? Will they be rayon? How will they look? Are they wearable? Can we get them in all shades and sizes? How much will they cost? Wouldn‘t it help the war effort if we wore cotton instead of silk?" Women‘s Hosiery Changed by the War Pictured above as they left the United Church after their marriage on sSaturday morning at 11 o‘clock, are Mr. and Mrs. Donald Howard and their attendants, Mr. Bruce Leek, groomsman, and Miss Dorâ€" othy Howard, maidâ€"ofâ€"honour. "One of the worst slaughterings of sheep by dogs to occur in Uno Park area for some time was that at Ed. Fowler‘s farm on Saturday morning last. Mr. Fowler‘s entire breeding flock of fifteen sheep and an excepâ€" tionally fine ram, also a couple of lambs, were either stampeded into a creek and drowned, or torn and manglâ€" ed in an almost unbelievable manner by the killers. Half dead and suffering sheep were lying on all sides when the brutes were discovered at their murderâ€" ous work. When men with rifles openâ€" The question is brought to a head by a recent incident in the Uno Park area near New Liskeard. An interesting summary of the cause is given last week by The New Liskeard Speaker as follows:â€" Uno Park Area Asks Special Legislation for Police Dogs Entire Breeding Flock of Sheep Wiped Out by Two Police Dogos. This use of Canadian rayon to reduce silk consumption is an example of how an industry can coâ€"cperate with the government to help the war effor; cheerful acceptance of‘the new types of hose will be the Canadian woman‘s opportunity to help. ities as well. Women won‘t need to worry awbout prices going upâ€"preseni indications at least are that they will continue to be available in the usual brands and sizes at the usual price. As for sacrificing fullâ€"fashioned hosâ€" iery entirelyâ€"far from aiding the war effort it would mean increasing unemâ€" ployment and the loss of millions of dollars to the government, not only from tax revenue paid by the 28 hosâ€" iery mills to the Dominion, but from the war savings that are being invesied in by the 7000 hosiery workers in these plants. The high precision machinery in these mills can be used for only one purposeâ€"the manufacture of women‘s fine s.ockingsâ€"and causing them to stand idle would be a definite eco. nomic loss to the country. In the latter branch sunburn may cause discomfort and work loss, alâ€" though the chief sufferers are vacaâ€" tionists who incautiously attempt to get a tan in one heavy application of sun. Some oils are beneficial, but common sense and gradual exposure are the main preventives of sunburn. As remedies there are a number of wellâ€"advertised preparations, but in the event of blistering, the simplest and most effective measure is to apply cold compresses of tannic acid. Th» proper strength of the solution, which should be freshly made, may be obâ€" tained by dissolving two tablespoonâ€" fuls of tannic acid powder in one glassful of water. . Prevention of hot weather disabiliâ€" ties has assumed more than ordinary importance to the Ontario Department of Health this year, by virtue of the government‘s interest in keeping lost time of munition workers to a miniâ€" mum, and protecting the health of the boys and girls enrolled in the Farm service Force. In industry it is more or less acceptâ€" ed that the use of salt in heat cramps arises from modern mediâ€" cal discovery, but for many years farâ€" mers have ‘been carrying to the fields a drinking mixture of oatmeal and water with a dash of salt. In even earlier times, in the deep mines of England, miners found that they could banish heat cramps in the superâ€"heatâ€" ed atmosphere of the mines by adding salt to their oatmeal and water. â€"Be smartâ€"be thrifty, visit the Olive Thomson Shoppe toâ€"day, for this store is just full of knockout styles you‘ll need for summer fun at lower than budget prices. 15* Pine Street South Consequently, it is essential that this loss of salt through heavy perspiration be replenished. In factories the salt is usually put up for convenience in 10â€"grain tablets, but the same protecâ€" tion against heat fag and heat cramps may be obtained by taking a level teaspoonful of salt in proportion to one gallon of waterâ€"the salt taken preferably in dry form rather than in solution. SUMMER CLEARANCE ed fire the two dogs separated. One made a complete getâ€"away but the other, taking the road north, was purâ€" sued in a car and overtaken a couple of miles distant where its miserable existence was brought to a suddon end. "As is usually the case the dog wore no tag. Mr. Fowler‘s loss is regrettable for, aside from the fact that he has seventeen lambs still running around bleating pitifully for their mothers, there is the loss in good stock that the compensation paid cannot replace. This is particularly true of the inâ€" dividual who is exposed to extreme heat in his work. It has been found that a workman in a steel mill or foundaryâ€"and there are few farmers that will admit there is any hotter spot than a hay mow under a steel roofâ€" may lose upwards of thirty grams of salt per day. (From Deopt. of Health) Heat prostration and sunburn, two of the most common hot weather hazâ€" ards, are preventable by the use of prudence and proper care,. Advises Guarding Against Sunburn and Heat Strokes ter looked into. This matter for the local clation to get together needs more wool in w importing thousands The farmers want aci ate the exterminators "It is expected that be circulated shortly, t provincial authorities t "It is the old story over again, polics dogs, and this breed of naturalâ€"born killers has been responsible for pracâ€" tically one hundred per cent of the sheep damage in this district for some time. What burns the shgsepmen up is the fact that the township counsciis have no power to put a prohibitive tax on any such chbjectional breed as ma:â€" ters now stand, as no such byâ€"law has any provincial law as backing. Coats you‘ll want to wear right through summer! Harris Tweed, Boucles and Herringbone. Speâ€" clally priced for this Clearance Sale. In this country sunstroke is extremeâ€" We have them! The newest smartest, most exciting Summe: dresses ever! Gay summer Prints and Stripes. $2.95 Exciting Dresses Florals â€"â€" Prints OLIVE THOMSON SHOPPE EVERYTHING IN OUR STORE REDUTED! Flannel Coats $12.95 up ar timt. We atr of pounds of i ion to extermin t a petition will o be sent to the o have the matâ€" would be a good Municipal Assoâ€" an.. The country it ly rare, but heat prostration is prone to affect elderly people. Prevention. that is a strict regard for daily habits during a heat waye that. will keep the bodily heat as low as possible, is mo »p satisfactory than treatment. If prostration occurs, the victim should be moved into a cool place, fluids given freely and medical aid sought. See our smart collection of Tailâ€" ored and Dressmaker Models â€" Tricotines! Flannels! Come in today! Colored PFelts and Straw summer‘s prettiest. fla A minister, travelling on one of those wayâ€"trains that stop at every station on a side line, was reading his Bible, "TFind anything about this railroad in that book?" asked the conductor, as he reached for the minister‘s ticket, "Yes," repliecd the preacher, "in the very first chapter it says that, the Lord made every creeping thing."â€" (Globe and Mail. At the home of Mr. and Mrs. Clyde Lawlor, 154 Hemlock street, the bride and groom later received the best wishes of their frisnds, prior to visiting the staff of the Porcupine Hospital. They will spend a five weeks‘ wedâ€" ding trip at Toronto, othér southern points, and Nova Scotia, and will take up residence on Patricia boul@vard, Timmins. Follcwing~ the ceremony, a wedding breakfast was served in the Grill Room of the Empire Hotel to intimatis friends, among those in the party heing the attendants, Mr. L. Lawlor, Mr. and Mrs. J. Goodman, Tommy Goodman, and Miss Veronica Richards, R.N. Wedding Event of Popular Couple on Saturday Morning Miss Marion Gertrude Lawâ€" or, K.N., and Dr CG. E. Irvine Married. a corsage of gardenia. Mrs. Clyde Lawlor, sisterâ€" the bride, was matron â€" of charmingly atiired in a . br beige sheer redingote ensem beige accesories and a corsag vardia, and E. A.; M. | pictlure in her Flizabeth â€" blue long, fitled line length sleeves in turkan to match in streamers, ma vardia a@room The manse of the Timmins United Church was the scens of an attractive wedding on Saturday morning at 9.30 o‘clock, when Miss Marion Geriruage Lawlor, RN., only â€"dGdaughter of Mr. John Lawlor, of Kirkland Lake, and Mrs. Lawlor of Nova Scotia, was united in marriage to Dr. Clarenct E. Irving, only son of Mr. and Mrs. Norman Irâ€" vine, of Smithsville, Ontario. The Rev. W. M. Mustard officiated. Summer Hats Felts â€"â€" Straws AY Tailored Suits Cor. Spruce 8t, Third Ave. Clean Rooms $1,49 to $3.95 The King Edward HOtel Day or Week aft Very Reasonable Rates $12.95 up brunette bride made in her redingote en prettie wonderful Quiet Atmosphere matching. accessories and rardenia. Lawlor, sisterâ€"inâ€"law of yas â€" matron â€" of â€" honour, Timminsg a brown and ensemble, withn corsage of bouâ€" k. . Dayâ€"â€" was flatterin