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She Oshawa Zimes 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario Published by Canadian Newspapers Company Limited T. L. Wilson, Publisher E. C. Prince, Associate Publisher OSHAWA, ONTARIO, MONDAY, JULY 17, 1967 Welfarism In Britain Raises More Questions Britons are getting the worst of two worlds -- "the government cannot find the money (for its uni- versal welfare programs) and the citizen is not allowed to pay for wel- fare out of his own pocket." This is the situation described by Douglas. Houghton, a former member of the United Kingdom cabinet and an acknowledged wel- fare expert, in his book which casts grave doubt on the future of wel- farism in that country. It is admitted that in the past the svstem played an important part in raising living standards for the majority of people. It abolished the fear of unemploy- ment for many. But social services in 1930 took only one-tenth of Bri- tain's national product. Today, it takes one-fifth. Despite the lavish spending on protection a recent survey reveals that four million adults are in ser- ious financial trouble and in England and Wales alone, 1.8 million homes City Should It was reported Jast week that the doubling of the number of GO Transit trains, between Burlington and Bay Ridges, two weeks ago has resulted in more than double the number of commuters using the service. Close to 3,800 new riders daily ride the rails since the addi- tional trains joined the schedule. A total of 234,875 commuters used the service during the first month and a half of operation. The highest number carried on any sin- gle day was 11,382 on July 6. Of the 15 stations on the route only Lorne Park showed a decrease in patron- age. It is estimated 15,000 riders will use the service daily when the fina] six trains are added on Sept. The popularity of the service in She Oshawa Times Oshawa, Ontario \, Publisher General Monoger C. J. MeCONECHY, Edite> SUBSCRIPTION RATES The Oshawo Times com ng The © established 1871) ond Whitby G te and Chronicle (estedlished published daily Stot v ers Associ Association. entitled to despotched in Oreno, Menchester e no SSc per w ef Ontario outside ¢ iO per yeor. Other p nwealth Countries, $18.00 per yea gn $27.00 per year, Tut anata en ien are considered unfit for human habi- tation. The school and teacher short- age is drastic. There are not nearly enough doctors, and hospitals are seriously understaffed. Yet the population, because of steady emi- gration, remains fairly constant. The swing to the middle of the road, so evident in ruling Labor Party policies in recent years, is indicative of mounting public pres- sure to escape the crushing burden of taxation imposed by universal welfare. The Labor Government, once so sure that socialism provid- ed all the answers to the perfect state, is no longer convinced (with the exception of a few radicals) that it is on the right path after all. Top party leaders, including Prime Minister Harold Wilson, are now looking at a program of more selective welfare, aimed at helping only those who need help. Surely there's a warning in this for those who pursue a_ parallel course for Canada? Be 'On Go this area is indicated by an increase of 90 per cent in the number of com- muters from the Pickering area since the service was improved, The rapid increase in patronage has created a shortage of parking space at the Bay Ridges station. Plans for extending this parking lot are now under way. City Council recently wrote the provincial authorities asking that the service be extended to Oshawa. In view of the number of people in the city who work in Toronto this is a move in the right direction. If the trend established on other sec- tions of the line is any. criterion, many Oshawa area commuters would, we believe, use the service. The 12-mile extension from Bay Ridges to Oshawa would cost a con- siderable amount but would pay off in the long run. The extension may not be made for some years but it must eventually be constructed, Oshawa is too important a centre to be ignored, Other Editors' Views SHOULD BE COMPULSORY The dropping of English as a compulsory Grade 13 credit casts doubt on the value of the revised curriculum. Facility in English is as essential to a student, whatever his career intentions, as skill with a saw is to a carpenter. English is a basic requirement. It should be retained as a compulsory subject. --Brantford Expositor CHURCHILL FALLS HYDRO PROJECT MMU AHEM TR AE 1 aia cma uet tt tM OTTAWA REPORT South Sask. Finally A Reality By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA -- Well, it is com- pleted. And next week will see the official opening of 'the most important single project and the biggest economic forward-step Saskatchewan has ever had." 1 quote Liberal Premier Ross Thatcher, and I refer to the South Saskatchewan dam in his province. The dam is not 'only a fan- tastic economic vision. It has also been the biggest political football Saskatchewan has. ever known, long offering frustrated hope to more Prairie farmers than ever cheered Saskatche- wan Roughriders towards the Grey Cup And as for being long a-born- ing, this irrigation project was first urged on the government 109 years ago by H. Y. Hind when he led the Assiniboine and Saskatchewan exploration expe- dition in 1858. Its interest and benefit will reach far beyond the 500,000 acres of dustbowl which it will irrigate, nestling in the apex of the remorseless Palliser Tri- angle, the northern tip of the Great American Desert which stretches as far south as Salt Lake City. Successive Liberal gov- ernments teased the voters of Saskatchewan for years with the prospect of the desired dam. Agriculture Minister Jimmy Gardiner, himself a former pre- mier of the province, was con- vinced of the need for the dam; but for 22 years he failed to pursuade prime ministers Mac- kenzie King and St. Laurent that Saskatchewan was worth a dam. Yet he trundled out the surveyors to the site at Elbow whenever an election was called and ordered them off after poll- ing day In 1948, W..A. Boucher cam- paigned in the Rosthern by-elec- tion on the Liberal ticket and the slogan "Vote for Boucher and the Dam." Dam The farmers got Boucher. And Elmer, younger brother of a better - known Diefenbaker, quipped sourly: "It'll be a dam site sooner if John becomes prime minister." Well, John Diefenbaker did become prime minister and within two years the dam was started. Now, a Liberal govern- ment has decided to name it "the Gardiner Dam." It is judged here that they have de- servedly lost Saskatchewan votes, even those of Liberals, for generations to come by that devastating injustice. Even the Liberal premier of Saskatchewan was so bitter that he insisted that at least the arti+ ficial lake created by the dam should be named in honor of the true architect of the project. The total cost of the entire ir- rigation project is about $150,- 000,000 of which Ottawa Ins paid three - quarters and the province the balance. It will en- sure stability for agriculture in a tricky district which even now is threatened by the worst crop since 1961 Of course the water won't be used to ensure good wheat crops; but the newly-irrigated acres will provide higher-yie'd- ing crops. Premier Thatcher's first plans envisage a huge su- gar-beet industry, and a lush fodder-bank of hay as insurance for the province's increasing cattle industry. I asked the dam-founder for his views, now that his action has attained successful conclu- sion "The greatest resource we have, no matter what mineral resources may be found, is our water,"' replied John Diefen- baker. "For an eternity the wa- ters of the Saskatchewan River have been wasted, flowing into Hudson Bay. Now hundreds of thousands of acres regularly subject to drought will be as- sured of water." "Incidentally," added that fish and hunt fan, "it will pro- Cuba Shifts Thousands In Bid To Increase Output By FENTON WHEELER HAVANA (AP)--The govern- ment is shiffing thousands of workers in an effort to boost Cuba's industrial and agricul- tural output. Government office workers, bus conductors, young men fresh from military service and militant Communists are among the hundreds who are headed for new jobs, many of them in agriculture and related fields. The obvious goal is more effi- cient and increased production, but the mass movement also ties in closely with Prime Min- ister Fidel Castro's war on bureaucracy and Communist party efforts to tighten control over government - run enter prises Explaining what the party has in mind for workers after the government's "immense bureaucratic payroll" is elimi- nated, organizer Armando Hart, formerly education minister, told a Communist meeting: "We will place them in agri- cultural work, take them to state farms to form brigades of 10, 12 or 15, where they will be earning salaries as state farm workers." "Scores of party militants and several hundred members of the Young Communist League who now are without work'? will be included, he added In the past, the Castro gov- ernment has mobilized thous sands--students, office employs ees, industrial workers and sol- diers--to work for limited peri ods of agriculture. The practice was expanded this year with establishment of the three-for-one plan, whereby government ministry employees dedicate every fourth week to agricultural work ,and by the school - country 'plan, under which students study half a day and work in the fields the other half. The shifting about of workers and consolidation of ministries indicates the government in- tends to continue building up its industrial and agricultural la- bor forces but on a more per- manent basis. Heavy emphasis has been placed on technical training, especially with regard to the maintenance of farm machinery which government administra- tors frequently complain is abused and neglected. "Cannibalism," robbing parts from one implement to keep another going, was the target of a countrywide campaign last month. "The spirit anti-machinery must be eradicated totally, commented the Communist party organ Granma. Referring to tractors, Granma said im- proper care damages "'the econ- omy of our country because this equipment has been bought with the sweat of our workers." FOREIGN AFFAIRS SEEING WHAT ANALYSIS HE CAN PICK UP Cyprus Settlement Sought By PHILIP DEANE Foreign Affairs Analyst The colonels who took over power in Greece are negotiating with the United States and Tur- key a solution to the Cyprus dis- pute. In exchange, the colonels will receive, if the deal goes through, full recognition by Washington, resumption of all U.S. aid plus a U.S. effort to achieve. acceptance of the junta by the international community. The deal whose details were given nie in a telephone call at 3 a.m. proposes that Cyprus be reunited with Greece which will then give bases on the island to Turkey, the bases being large enough to provide a centre and a haven for the Turkish Cypri- ots. Such an arrangement was dis- cussed in the past but it fell through on the dimensions of such Turkish bases, with the Turks demanding so much land that the result would have been partition and the Greeks offer- ing much too little to salve Turkish pride. Both Britain and the U.S. have been working for a solution along such lines. Washington, in particular, has been worried about the erosion of NATO's eastern wing because of the quarrel between Greece and Turkey. The arrangement the colonels are discussing presents the same old difficulty: Archbishop Makarios and the majority of the Greek Cypriots do not want any Turkish military presence on their island and will not will- ingly go along. WING ORGANIZED The left wing among the Greek Cypriots is well organ- ized. It still has stores of arms from the days of fighting the British. Because of the troubles with the Turkish minority, the Greek Cypriot civilians have kept up their military training and they would support Ma- karios in his rejection of the REO aN NEW TOWN IN LABRADOR Civilization Roars Into Silent Wilderness By BORIS MISKEW CHURCHILL FALLS, Lab- rador (CP)--The harsh sound of civil ion is beginning to echo h the Labrador s 1en-and machines in » a little bit of nowhere and' begin to shape it into the Churchill Falis power project. Day and night work is carried out to transform the silent wasteland of rivers, lakes and muskeg into a brand new town which will have a population of about 7,000 when construction on the $800.000,- 090 hydro project hits its peak. The stillness is broken by the sounds and noises of heavy trucks and tractors which are making the rough ground level for the townsite at a lonely spot about 750 miles northeast of Montreal. The first few crews de- «cended into the area in early winter to survey the proposed townsite and to extend a crude road 17 miles to the site from a bridge which was completed in 1964 across the Churchill River about half a mile up- stream from the Churchill Falls The road links the townsite with a road that had been built earlier between the bridge and Esker, a point on the Quebec North Shore and Labrador Railway about 125 miles to the west of here. PREPARE FOR WORKERS It was spring before the first. trailers were hauled in as the nucleus of a construc- tion camp and it will take until late August before ac- con.modation is available for 1,000 workers and some of their. families. Construction of the giant hydroelectric project was triggered by. the signing last Oct. 13 of a letter of intent by Hydro-Quebec to buy the sur- plus power from the Churchill Falls (Labrador) Corp, Ltd., builders of the project It will be up to Hydro-Que- bec, which will spend about % $300,000.000 on extra-high vol- tage lines from the Quebec- Labrador border, to find a market for the electric power in central Canada and the eastern United States. A market exists in the United States for any surplus power from the falls but it will take some hard bargaining and may be the middle of the 1970s before Labrador power reaches the U.S. market. Consolidated Edison of New York and the power-short New England area are potential markets. penditures than were required for the St. Lawrence Seaway and will rate among the great engineering undertakings of the century, The project essentially. in- involves the reversing of the flow of the Churchill River about five miles above the falls -- thus eliminating the falls that drop 245 feet, nearly 100 feet higher than Niag- ara Falls. Two other rivers also will be reversed to form a huge reservoir approaching half the size of Lake Ontario, The powerhouse will be about 14 miles from. the town- site and 1,000 feet-below the ground. The water, after churning through 10 huge tur- bines, will be released back into the Churchill River about 20 miles below the falls from where it will. continue its course toward Goose Bay and the Atlantic. But before work on _ the powerhouse can be started, a new community providing ac- commodation and living facili- ties for the men and their families has to be built. It will take five years to harness the Churchill Falls and an additional two years PLAN PERMANENT TOWN before their full potential of 6,000,000 horsepower, or 4,500,- 000 kilowatts, is released. MORE THAN SEAWAY The Churchill River is one of the foremost power rivers of tne world. The development of its hydroelectric power po- tential will involve larger ex- The promise by Hydro-Que- bec, to. buy the power not needed by Newfoundland opened the way for an as- sault on the site. Joseph E. Tegda, in charge of the proj- ect at the townsite, and G. W. Terriault, the resident engi- neer, were among the first to arrive, They were joined by surveyors and road construce tion gangs. Plans call for the erection of a permanent town just west of the temporary trailer con- struction camp now mush- rooming up among the black spruce-coyered hills. The town will have a school, a hospital, a doctor, nurses and shopping and laundry facilities. An airport will be built a few miles farther to the west, eliminating the need of the ten-porary airstrip built by Churchill Falls (Labrador) eight miles west of the Churchill River bridge. Central Labrador, the site of the project, is a relatively flat plateau with the lakes that will form the reseryoir about 1,500 feet above sea level. The Churchill River drains the largest part of the area, The site of the new com- munity and the powerhouse lies at about the same latitude as Edmonton. The climate is ' rough and the summer is short. The temperature throughout most of the winter ranges from 30 to 40 below and seldom rises above the mid-60s in summer. CREWS FLY IN The crews -are flown in either from Goose Bay, St. John's, Nfld., or from Mont- real. Quebecair operates a flight to the company's air- strip 12 miles from the com- pany's small Twin Falls power plant. agr t the colonels in Ath- ens are working out. Thus, the discussions between the colonels and the Americans have covered the necessity of deposing Makarios. There is a considerable contingent of Greek mainland troops on Cy- prus and it is these which would have the task of pulling a coup to topple the archbishop, an- nexing Cyprus to Greece. The remaining question mark is the attitude of Grivas, the leader of the attacks on the British before Cypriot independence and now commander of the Greek con- tingent on Cyprus. Grivas is right-wing enough to sympathize with the junta. On the other hand he may resent them for not making him their leader--he does think of himself as a man of destiny. Thus, if he does not co-operate, he too may be deposed ... if the scheme works. YEARS AGO 15 YEARS AGO : July 17, 1952 Two hundred descendants of Captain Michael Grass, founder of the city of Kingston, gather- ed for a picnic at Geneva Park, outside of Oshawa, in his honor recently. Residents of Bowmanville have voted against the estab- lishment of a brewers retail store in the town. 30 YEARS AGO July 17, 1937 The first Road-Railer to enter the field of transportation in Canada was exhibited here last night by the CNR. The Imperial Oil Co. has leased tanks at the Oshawa Harbor to serve as a distribu- tion centre for the district, vide a tourist and recreation at- traction: a great fishing play- ground and a bird sanctuary. Was the drought bad? you ask; well, some years it was so arid that the trees chased the dogs." With complete censorship and martial law in Greece, any deal on Cyprus could: be engineered; before the junta took over, the opposition raised a storm of protest whenever the Athens government tried to solve the Cyprus problem; and when the government became the opposi- tion, it too opposed a Cyprus solution. For the Americans, the Greek junta is a heaven-sent oppor- tunity to settle the Cyprus dis- pute while anti-American riots in Athens can be prevented by paying the junta to suppress them, B.C. Ready To Quit Canada Over Delay With Railway By BOB BOWMAN British Columbia joined Can- ada on July 20, 1871, but on July 17, 1874, British Colonial Secretary Lord Carnarvon had to intervene or the province might have seceded from Con- federation. There were several severe problems. The original deal was made with Sir John A. Macdonald's Conservative government, al- though George Etienne Cartier did the negotiating for Canada. It stipulated that Canada would begin building a railway to the Pacific coast within two years and complete it in. 10 years. In caucus in Ottawa, the Con- servative members wanted to alter the terms to read "within 10 years if the financial ability of the Dominion will permit." Cartier felt that such an amend- ment might bring down the gov- ernment, but J. W.. Trutch, lieutenant-governor of B.C. as- sured him that the province would not insist on Canada's Tuination by demanding a literal fulfilment of the agreement if economic conditions were diffi- cult. This gentlemen's agree- ment was not made public. Then the Macdonald govern- ment was defeated and the Lib- erals under Alexander Macken- zie came into power just in time to inherit a depression. RAILWAY DELAYED The building of the railway was delayed and by 1874 many people in British Columbia were so fed up they wanted to secede from Canada. It was then that Lord Carnarvon, who had _ pi- loted the British North America Act through Parliament in 1867, offered to mediate the dispute. NAA AOE CATASTROPHIC 7 RT eee a ui Governor-General Lord Cuf- ferin visited British Columbia for several months and was given a tremendous welcome. There were archways across the streets of Victoria and on one of them was a sign 'Carnarvon Terms or -Reparation." Lord Dufferin would not drive under it until the wording was changed to "Carnarvon Terms or Separation." He returned to Ottawa with a number of convictions about what should be done for British Columbia, and quarreled with Liberal leaders Mackenzie and Blake when they would not go along with them. It was not until 1878, when Macdonald got back into power, that things began to move and building of the B.C. section of the transcontinental started in 1880. OTHER JULY 17 EVENTS: 1673--Dutch attacked Ferry- land, Nfid.; .second census of Canada showed population as 6,705 1774--Spanish expedition was first to see Queen Charlotte Islands. 1777--U.S. Fort Mackinac sur- rendered to British. BIBLE "And I, if I be lifted up from the earth will draw all men unt me." John 12:32 . Thank God for the cross and the Christ who died there for our sins. The principle of the cross and the person of the cross lifted up will cross out all superstitions, social ills, and spiritual decline. QUEEN'S PARK Insurance On Crops, Dire Need By DON O'HEARN TORONTO--A year ago the government started a crop in- surance program. The need for such a program was illustrated recently when heavy rains badly damaged crops in the Holland Marsh and certain other areas of the prov- ince. ' The impact of this Act of God was such that certain growers could have been ruined. With agriculture, of course, there is always the danger of such disasters -- through hail, hurricane, floods or other out- bursts of nature. As yet there isn't insurance available for the crops con- cerned in this case. GRADUAL STEPS The program is being intro duced on a gradual basis. To date it applies only to hay and forage crops. But even if it had been ef- fective for vegetable crops, the product in the Hdlland Marsh, it seems it wouldn't have been much help. For only a few more than 400 farmers have taken out insur- ance in the crops now covered. And there are several thousand farmers in this type of produc- tion, It hasn't taken the Holland Marsh incident to show that crop insurance is badly needed. This has been well proven over the years through many other incidents. But obviously: insurance is not geing to be a cure-all for dis- aster in insurance, at least not for some time. For first of all the farmers have to buy it if it is going to be of any value, And true to their tradition they are being slow, and can be expected to continue to be slow, in taking up anything new. In the meantime, of course, they expect the community at large to bail them out. The Ontario Chamber of Com- merce has published a really excellent booklet. GIVES BACKGROUND The title is Local Government in Ontario, and as this suggests it is devoted to the background of municipal government. It is as worthwhile a publica- tion as this reporter has seen. It is not written by academ- ics, but by practical men in the field. The result is that it is simply written and readable, and full of fact and practical information. Notably there is an absence of theory and obtuse opinion which one usually finds in pub- lications of this kind. Anyone who reads this book- let will know how local govern- ment works. Anyone at all in- terested in government and pube lic affairs will want to read it, An they will find this is pleasure not a chore. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS July 17, 1967... A revolt by troops sup- porting Gen. Francisco Franco broke out in Mor- occo 31 years ago today--in 1936--heralding the start of the Spanish Civil War. Al- most simultaneously troops rebelled in Cadiz, Seville, Malaga and Madrid and a few days later a provisional insurgent government was set up. After three years of some of the bloodiest fight- ing in history Franco's forces won and he emerged as dictator of Spain. 1793 -- Charlotte Corday, assassin of Marat, exe- cuted. 1945 -- Churchill, Truman and Stalin met at Potsdam. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1917 -- the Russians were driven from Kalisch, Ga- licia; French troops cap- tured two lines of German defences on a 14-mile front near Verdun; Winston Churchill was named Brit- ish minister of munitions. IT HAPPENED IN CANADA "we HALIFAX = 1917 - oHe z z 3 3 i gz H 3 BEFORE THE STEEL NIB WAS INVENTED WRITERS, USED a€ QUILL PEN: THIS WAS KEPT SHARP WITH A SMALL KNIFE- THE ORIGINAL MEN-KNIFE yy BLUENOSE- CAUSED BY COLLISION OF TWO SHIPS, ONE CARRYING } , AMMUNITION. COMPLETELY DESTROYED 6 SLANG NAME FOR NOUA SCOTIANS '5 DERIVE" FROM wé MACINTYRE BLUE POTATO, P's ¥ 2 SQUARE MILES OF TE CITY--KILLED \ 1800, ener 4000 -- yéT 7wo y) ALONG TUBER WITH BLUISH EYES & *NOSE" AS EARLY AS 1787 SHIP- MENTS oF THESE POTATORS To NEW ENGLAND WERE INVOICED as "BLUE NOSES" LATER SETTLERS APALIED tHE NAME 10 EARLY SETILERS; AND EVENTUALLY ALL WERE STUCK W/Tid /T « Dum Ann COLUMBUS (Staf year - old dump in ] Township is annoy members and nearb The dump is loc: the Little Buckaroo dude ranch for chile by Mr. Fred LaSalle uated downhill fron: township's residenti ions. When Industrial G Disposal Oshawa I vised East Whitby years ago, about he tnnded to operate, ised to: cover indus every 48 hours with of clean fill; tile © es so as not to int the flow of water the property or risk and have regular and treatment for fF and sanitation. As early as 1958, | Water Resources '| found that drainage dump was polluting running through the Reports of the same tinued until in July commission reported that the water cot paired to such an -- it "would comprom ture use as a wat In December of 19f mission delivered wl ed to an ultimatum pany and negotiati and control pollutior 1942 Nu Hold Re WHITBY (Staff) students of the cla Ontario Hospitz gathered to celebra year of graduation. This class gradu the war years. Somé dents found it ne leave the nursing give military servic' others managed to ¢ nursing course, be tered nurses and the armed services. Ot! completed their t mained to carry nursing services. Miss R. P. Sharpe intendent of nurses Baldwin, RN (nee F tor of nurses in 19 hand to add to the | Some 21 graduate wives or. husbands special tour guided of the Ontario Hos| staff and graduate the new school of residence, pavilions tion wards. The Ontario Hos tained the group : Dr. P. G. Lynes, dent of the hospita netta Peckens, supe nurses and James S tant superintendent were hosts. Four Peopl In Plane C WILLIAMSPORT, Four persons die when a_ single-ens chartered from E: incial Airways c! this tiny communi foundland's. northe: Dead are pilot! 22, of Gander, N Milton Steeves, 50 arian with the fed ture department N.B., Kenivhe ™ president of the A ing Co., of Tokyo. shi Panaka, genera the whaling compa