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The Oshawa Gimes a 86: King St. .E., Oshawa, Ontario Published by Canadian Newspapers Company Limited T. L. Wilson, Publisher E. C. Prince, Associate Publisher OSHAWA, ONTARIO, THURSDAY, MAY 4, 1967 US. Troop Withdrawal Sets New NATO Trend? The withdrawal of United States troops from Europe is more signifi- cant in the trend it indicates than in any weakening it may represent in Western defence. It is generally conceded we are living in a much different world today than when the North Atlantic Treaty alliance was formed as the shield of the West. The United States will withdraw up to 35,000 of its armed forces and four squadrons of its combat aircraft from West Germany. The present U.S. commitment in Europe is some 260,000 men. Last week the withdrawal of 6,000 of its 55,000- man force. One of the imponder- ables, of course, is the fact that the Americans claim a saving of some $100 million will accrue within the hext year from its action but at the same time it is willing to biy $20 million worth of British arms to as- sure the United Kingdom will stay in Germany. The deeper question concerns what, exactly, remains of NATO. The organization was formed when the West was confronted by a belli- gerent, sabre-rattling Russia. This is not the case today. France has argued that "if Russia threatens, NATO exists". The German news- paper Die Zeit contends: "We are no longer living under the sword of Damocles. A massive Russian at- tack on Europe is so improbable that we can sleep soundly at nights nowadays". With such sentiments expressed in nations on the NATO firing line, the American action is understand- able. This is especially so when Congress has been agitating to end its large - scale troop concentra- tions in Europe as much as any- thing to close the dollar gap. A prime consideration as well is the fact that with increasing Amer- ican air transport capacity, by the 1970s it is expected the U.S. will be able to fly an army across the At- lantic in days, should the need arise. And where does these withdraw- als leave Canada? Slight reduc- tions have been made by this coun- try in NATO strength. More, how- ever, could "do damage to the fabric of co-operation and do harm to Can- ada's "good name with its allies" is the word from Ottawa. In light of the withdrawals by major nations and the fact that Canada, too, has emphasized its de- velopment of great mobility in its forces, the Canadian position con- cerning its NATO commitment may well come under review. Brave Men In Dark Days Whatever the degree of efficien- cy and economy the unification of the forces may produce for Canada, the accomplishments of any of the services when they were going it alone in years past should not be forgotten. So it is that an anniver- Sary, although it fell last week, should not be overlooked. During the darkest hours of the She Oshawa Tunes 86 King St. £., Oshawa, Ontorie T..L. WILSON, Publisher & C. PRINCE, General Manager C. J. MeCONECHY, Editor SUBSCRIPTION RATES The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times {established 1871) and the itby Gazette and Chronicle (established 1863) is published daily Gundays and Statutary holidays excepted), Members of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish- ers Association, The Canadian Press Audit Bureau Association, The Canadian Press is exclusively entitled to the use of republication of all news despatched in the pa credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein. All rights of special des- Dotches ore also reserved, 86 King St. £., Oshawa, Ontario Nationa! Advertising Offices: Thomson Buildin, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 64 Cathcart Street Montreal, P.Q. Delivered by carriers in Oshawo,. Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince "Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton Enniskillen, Drono, Leskord, Brougham, Burketon, Cloremont, "Manchester Pontypool, and Newcastle not over 55c per week. By mail in Province of Ontario putside corrier delivery area, $15.00 per year. Other provinces and Commonweolth Countries, $18.00 per year, U.S.A, and foreign $27.00 pe year. : Second World War in 1942, when German U-boats played havoc with the Atlantic supply line, 1,006 Al- lied ships totalling 5,471,222 tons were sunk. It was a tragic period but also the darkest before the dawn. Early in 1948 the Allies be- gan to turn the tide in the Battle of the Atlantic and to gain the up- per hand over the U-boat menace. The battle lasted nearly six full years and it is well to remember the magnificent part. played by Ca- nadians in keeping the life-line open to embattled Britain. When 'war. broke out in September, 1939, Canada had 11 warships. Within- four-and-a-half years she had as- sembled a force of 400 warships -- most of them Canadian built -- and had become a major force in the Atlantic battle. Last weekend Battle of Atlantic Day was observed. It is well that we take timeout each year to re- member the magnificent contribu- tion of the brave men who gave their lives in the courageous cause to achieve such great victory. And at the same time, the time is oppor- tune to draw attention to the Navy League's cadet program which con- tinues to offer young men training in the fine traditions, the discipline and patriotism of the naval service. OTTAWA REPORT Order Of Canada Action Applauded By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA -- Prime Minister Pearson told Parliament that, on the recommendation of his government, the Queen has ap- proved the creation of The Or- der of Canada. This is to consist of three classes, the Compan- jonate, the Medal of Courage, and the Medal of Service. Its purpose is to honor Canadians for merit or gallantry or dis- tinguished public service. The prime minister made that announcement April 17. Readers of Ottawa Report were able to glean fore-knowl- edge of that government inten- tion, as so frequently, from predictions made in this col- umn. As long ago as March 15-- of last year--readers were first told that Canada's own Order was being planned, and this government's intention was re- peated in later columns, In some newspapers--not of the Thomson Group--I read with astonishment that. Mr. Pear- son's announcement came as a surprise--Rip van Winkle is still with us. On April 14, Prime Minister Pearson told the House of Com- mons "I am pleased to be able to announce that the Queen has approved my recommendation that the Honorable Roland Mi- chener be appointed as Gover- nor-General of Canada." Where did you first read a prediction of that appointment? Probably in Ottawa Report, perhaps on Feb. 28--of last year, not 1967, and on some later dates. CARRIED PREDICTION Last New Year's Eve, this column was able to carry "Old Padraig's Almanac of Predic- tions for 1967." Among the fore- casts in that column were these two: "Governor - General Georges Vanier will bow out in 1967. He will be succeeded by Roland Michener, now Canadian High Commissioner to India." And: "Prominent among the national birthday celebrations will be a ceremony on the lawns in front of our Parliament Building on July 1. At this, the honor of Companion of the as-yet unborn Order of Canada will be con- ferred upon 15 distinguished persons." Some will applaud and some will ridicule the prime minis- ter's action in creating the Or- der of Canada. I am on the side of the applauders, Every nation should have the means of exe pressing its gratitude and ad- miration to a citizen who per- forms service or gallantry bee yond the call of duty. The Order of Canada will be such a means --provided that it is not dis- tributed, like Senate seats, to every fund-raiser and organizer of the Liberal party. While on the subject of pre- dictions, this column recently commented that most topics, however rosy at dawn, seem to grow thorns, by dusk in Mr. Pearson's hands. The Order of Canada proved no exception. Like a baby seal in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, he skinned it alive as soon as it was born. He informed Parliament that its theme motto was to be found in Verse 16 Chapter 12 of the Epistle of Paul the Apostole to the Hebrews. This reads, surprisingly, "Lest there be any fornicator or profane person. . . ." He should have quoted Hebrews Verse 16 Chap- ter 11, which appropriately reads: "But now they desire a better country, that is, an heavenly." That clumsy slip caused the Order of Canada to become Ot- tawa's most with-it stag party joke, The possibilities are end- less in combining Mr. Pear- son's description of the three classes of the Order, and the acts to be rewarded by the Order, with the wrong verse of Hebrews. And before Mr. Pear- son's slip was dry on his own banana peel,, this joke had been immortalized by a brilliantly witty speech at Ottawa biggest and best annual private party. Thus Greenfingers got pricked by yet another thorn sprouting from his dawn_rose. - Commonwealth Advocate Of Past Prefers Europe By HAROLD MORRISON LONDON (CP)--Harold Wil- son, once the great advocate of the Commonwealth, now prefers the cloak of the European. "We cannot join a restrictive, high-tariff bloc, designed to sup- ply Europe's food needs at high cost from French farms,"' he said five years ago of the Euro- pean Common Market. "We cannot support joining a federal Europe where decisions would be taken limiting Brit- ain's freedom of action in world affairs." At@the time, Wilson was in opposition watching the Con- servative government fail to court the market. For the up-and-coming social- ist, now Britain's prime minis ter, the answer was Common- wealth free trade, Wilson wrote in 1962 he realized this would not be easy. British industry would have to change and pro- " duce goods that would fit Com- monwealth needs "at the right price and on the right delivery terms." "There is no greater fallacy than thinking Europe can de- velop indefinitely on the prin- ciple of a mutual exchange of one another's washing," he said. "Or that Britain will be able to subsist forever on the sale of refrigerators to Dusseldorf or cars to Turin." Five years have changed Wil- son's attitude. The strong Com- monwealth he envisaged has be- come a bit tattered by regional and racial differences. Britain once offered Canada free trade but Canada did not accept. Wilson and the U.S. government have shown no in- terest in a recent idea of a transatlantic free trade area 'or of a free trade area combining. the Commonwealth with the United States. When the Commonwealth preferential tariff system was organized in Ottawa in 1932, the U.S. protested. To some extent the impact of the Commonwealth system was moderated by the development of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in 1947. Under it a large number of countries including the Commonwealth agree to reduce tariffs. Some of the Commonwealth preferences were dropped. Over the years the Common- wealth has grown in size and problems. Wilson found himself in the centre of a quarrel over Rhodesia. Economic difficulties forced the British to restrain aid to underdeveloped countries. While Britain suffered eco- nomic and political difficulties, the Common Market grew in strength. Wilson now sees a British entry as establishing a single market of almost 300,- 000,000 persons, "with all the scope and incentive which this will provide for British industry and of the enormous possibilities which an integrated strategy for technology, on a truly continen- tal scale can create." TL REUTERS' PIGEON POST ' Computer, Coffee-House By CARL MOLLINS LONDON (CP) -- Computer technology and the imper- sonal expert are capturing the 'e commanding heights of busi- ¢ ness practice in the City of London. But the coffee-house tradition of the personal touch and verbal contracts is a stub- born holdout. . Reuters news agency, which started gathering 'economic > intelligence" for the City by " Pigeon post more than a cen- tury ago, encounters the con- trast of styles in gathering information from commodity and metals markets. The agency operates a City communications system that a also stores data electron- ically. A reporter at the cocoa futures market, for example, < Punches prices on a_type- = writer-sized machine instead aw of rushing for the telephone. 8 Subscribers get the latest or wre previous prices from London and other markets by pushing buttons on similar machines. Some facts are more elu- sive. The only way Reuters can meet a demand for daily tungsten and mercury prices --a private market--is to con- form to the City's personal- approach style. Hector Mar- tin, veteran chief of the Reut- ers City staff, establishes prices from facts and hints ny poe vo Heetaet ey, - the wolfram quarries of . Burma and Bolivia, or influ- A the Baltic. Exchange attrib- garnered from eight to 10 daily telephone calls to per- sonal acquaintances among the dealers. TONE IS CASUAL Hector Martin's chatty tele- phone conversation, distilled into bald figures, eventually help. guide tungsten produc- tion for space-craft alloys in feitin ness tudes ence the flow of mercury to industrial chemists from Spain and Italy. Such oblique methods give high finance in the City a casual tone that harks back to the coffee-house origins of the markets. Sometimes the old style seems a genuine sur- vival, more often a nonchal- ant pose by an experienced utes from style yers expert masquerading as an apple: amateur to conform with ity died tradition. The discount men of Lom- not bard Street, who have refined short - term money - lending into.a science of tiny interest margins, are still to be seen, an top-hatted, making their daily rounds of the big clearing banks on foot to deal face-to- face with the lenders. them printed contracts. RUSSIAN REJECTED Critics say survival of the | coffee-house spirit, genuine or romantic pretence, contributes to decline by for- nonchalance, . ations to the fact that brokers, fearing for their commissions, black-balled a Russian appli- cation for affiliation. Defenders of and speed, Red tape and law- innate sense of what is and is claimed in the collapse within a few recent weeks of three car insurance companies and investment bank--all of relevant City associations. Right or wrong, the coffee- house spirit is fading before Tradition a lawyer's portfolio of finely- of by international trade pacts TONE CASUAL Collide governments in business, that bypass traditional mid- whether g chances of new. busi- through closed-shop atti- or an appearance of story whispered aroun a decline in.. business Soviet shipping organiz- the clubby point to its flexibility of are kept at bay. Bad s and disputes are han- within the circle by an "done." Vindication is operating outside the dlemen, by the shift of great wealth to bureaucratic cor- porations from rich individ- uals, BADGES FOR TRADERS City financiers and brokers are required to look sharp, produce hard facts and put them on paper if they want the commissions from han- dling the big money -- the $260,250,000 spent by British Petroleum Jan. 3 in buying the Distillers Company, for example,.or a piece of the money spent by the state, which amounts to 42 per cent the annual production of wealth. The London Stock Exchange takes pride in the motto "My Word is My Bond." But ex- pansion has been accompa- nied by buy and sell orders, forcing introduction of a rule that all floor traders must wear iden- tifying lapel badges. It is a long way both in spirit and time from Jona- than's Coffee House in Change Alley, where the members "discrepancies" in The City echoes with stories the complex realities of mod- who traded by gentlemen's about massive deals settled ern industry and trade. The agreement resolved that it by an intervention from a nature of demands on the should be clllk "the Stock merchant banker, his name City's services has been al- Exchange, which is. to be alone counting for more than tered by the expanding role wrote over the door." WORLD BEATS PATH ON OUR DOOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS ANALYSIS Tricky Road Ahead For U.K. By PHILIP DEANE Foreign Affairs Analyst Mr. Harold Wilson, we are being told from London, worked his "'ruthless" magic on both his fellow Laborites and the other nations in the European Free Trade Association and he will now lead Britain into the Com- mon Market. His bid may. be turned down and not, as.expected, by De Gaulle but by the Common Market members who have, hitherto, favored Britain's en- try. Their reasons for changing views would be economic;: they would not want the market to bear the burden of the new "sickman of Europe," as the United Kingdom is called these days. Mr. Wilson has done a great deal to improve Britain's economic position but it may not be enough and he might not manage to do more. He must pay. hack by 1970, $3,000,000,000 that Britain owes to the International Monetary Fund, This means that Mr. Wil- son must run a balance of pay- ments surplus for three years by limiting imports. But many of these imports are needed for economic growth. To avoid bal- lance of payments deficits, eco- nomic growth must be kept down to three per cent a year. What with repaying debts and a low growth rate, the residue left after investment in this growth will not be enough to give. the public some more spending power and to finance urgently needed and long over- due improvements in education, housing an@ social services. TROUBLE AT POLLS People in developed countries these days expect a constant rise in living standards; when the improvements are not forth- coming, there is trouble at the polls; the Labor party has been losing consistently in by-elec- tions and suffered spectacularly in the voting for the London Country Council. Labor politi- cians know they are risking their political necks if they do not placate the voters. But even on how td do that there is no agreement; the la- bor party-is divided. One faction follows. Mr, . Wilson in his de- termination to keep controlling both prices and wages. Angther thinks that wage restrictions TODAY IN HISTORY by THE CANADIAN PRESS May 4, 1967... Seven policemen were kil- led 81 years ago today--in 1886--when a strikers' meet- ing was broken up in Chi- cago's Haymarket Square. Eight demonstrators were sentenced to death after an unfair trial. Louis Lingg, an anarchist, blew himself up in prison, four were hanged and three were reprieved for life imprisonment. They were released in 1893 by Illinois Governor John P. Altgeld. 1789 -- The Estates Gen- eral (French Parliament) opened its last session bel fore the French Revolution, 1904g8the United States took possession of the Pa- nama ie Zone. ¢ World War Fifty years ago today--in 1917--the British transport Transylvania was sunk in the Mediterranean; the U.S. Navy began convoy duties in the war zone; French troops captured Craonne, are tantamount to betraying the working man. But if wage re- strictions are lifted, it would be politically difficult to maintain price controls; that would make the Labor Party look like a working class party and it has worked hard in the past to acquire a classless party image, good for businessmen as well as workers. Some Laborites pin their hopes on cuts in defence spend- ing, hoping these will provide the extra margin needed to bal- ance payments and still give the voters some goodies. But cutting defence spending is an uncertain business. Aden and the whole Middle East could grow tenser and troops might have to be kept there. Devaluation then? Lowering the price of the pound might make British goods more sale- able on the world markets. But would Common Market partners want to let Britain in behind their tariff wall when her prices are lower than theirs? One re- sists using cliches, but "the horns of a dilemma" best de- scribes where Mr. Wilson finds himself. United Empire Loyalists Arrived At Shelburne By BOB BOWMAN Shelburne, N.S., now a mecca for tourists, has one of the finest natural harbors in the world, and was once famous for its shipbuilding. Although it is. only a small town today, Shelburne was bigger than Halifax for a brief period after the American Revolutionary War. It was May 4, 1783, that a ship from New York landed 471 United Empire Loyalist families at Shelburne, the beginning of an influx of settlers that changed the complexion of Can- ada from predominantly French to English-speaking. During five years after the end of the Amer- ican Revolutionary War, 50,000 loyalists left the U.S. and came to live in Canada, Most of them landed in Nova Scotia which led to the creation of New Bruns- wick as a separate province. Problems of settlement were severe, but grants of land were provided. Surveying of their properties was done hastily, and a number of years passed be- fore many loyalists could be sure that they had secure titles to their properties. Some of them especially along the St. Lawrence River had been allo- cated by lotteries, and the tick- ets were their only proof of ownership. Fortunately, the British army had huge supplies in the, U.S. and they were brought to Can- ada with the settlers. There were salt provisions ("His Maj- esty's rotten pork and weevily biscuits"), blankets, tents, clothing, weapons and tools. At first only one gun could be pro- vided for groups of five fam- ilies, but later every family was given a gun because it was necessary to go hunting to get enough food. Every family also received an ax, hammer, saw, hoe, spade, nails, and door hinges. Then they. had to go to work, put up their homes as quickly as pos- sible, and try to grow enough food to last through the winter. The loyalists who went to live in the Niagara area were best off. Conditions in Nova Scotia were difficult and that area was sometimes call Nova Scarcity. OTHER MAY 4 EVENTS 1639--Great woman pioneer, madame de 'la Peltrie, sailed from Dieppe for Quebec. 1804 -- Selkirk settlers from Isle of Mull arrived at Baldoon, near present day Sarnia. 1852--Susanna Moodie's book Roughing It in the Bush was published. ; 1859--Parliament moved from Toronto to Quebec; Royal Bank, La Banque National, and Bank of Western Canada were. in- corporated. 1891 -- Ontario established a bureau of mines. 1908--Cotton mill employees at Quebec went on strike until June.- 1910 -- Royal Canadian Navy was organized; Canadian North- ern-Alberta Railway received charter. QUEEN'S PARK Ratio High Of Days Lost In Strikes By, DON O"HEARN TORONTO --This is labor week here, with the estimates of Hon. Dalton Bales before the house. And it's safe to say that much as they may talk about :labor problems the members: won't come up with answers to the two main. problems labor pre- sents today. One of these is the damage to the economy through strikes, And the second is the further damage through extreme wage demands and increases. LOST DAYS i On the first question, in Can- ada last year 581 man days per 1,000 workers were lost through strikes. This compares with a range in other countries from seven man days in Sweden to 1,020 in the United States. This time loss through dis- putes hurts labor itself, for it means a certain wastage. The men involved, however, often make up a good share of their lost time through extra work to catch up when they get back in the plants. But it has a potentially seri- ous consequence in the addi- tional cost it adds to oir goods, particularly when these goods are produced for export and have to compete with the prod- ucts of other' countries which have better labor records. Strikes detract from our com- Petitive position, of course, not only through the loss of personal output, but through the added cost of idle plants, unreliable deliveries and other 'factors they introduce. Last year was obviously a bad year in our country for the wage pattern, Not, bad for the work- ers, but potentially for the econ- omy. For the pattern was for big wage gains. There are not precise figures available. But educated guesses are that across the country the average wage increase was about seven per cent. When this is contrasted to the U.S. where guide-lines for in- creases of no more than 3.5 per cent were called for and pretty well followed, the inflationary dangers if the pattern continues can be seen. So long as there is labor- management relations based on strife, it is apparent, there will be no solutions to these two threats to our national welfare. And they are a threat, for te thrive Canada must export. The one possibility on the horizon is that the recently-an. nounced labor - management council may really work. For the, best road to control lies through labor and manage ment themselves, and this coune cil, if it grows to be effective, could lead the way. YEARS AGO 15 YEARS AGO, May 4, 1952 Mr. L. R. Mason of Park Rd. S. was the winner of the atten- dance prize, a new refrigerator at the annual Kiwanis Club Kar- nival. Mr. Ted Bassett was the winner of the Chevrolet car. A recent plant visitor to Gen: eral Motors was Jens Peterson of Nordfjordur, Iceland. In order to buy a car in Iceland he said, you must first get a. permit and then go through a six-year wait- ing period. 30 YEARS AGO, May 4, 1937 Amounts of accounts passed at the City Council meeting last night was $3,337.85: The sum :of $1,180.00 to go to the contractors for the Thomas St: Bridge. A new flag pole has been erected at Memorial Park, it is 70 feet in height. BIBLE "He restoreth my soul: he leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for his name's sake. Psalms 23: 3. . Be not discouraged at the failures of life for He is not only the God of regeneration but the God of restoration. For- get the past, the present is waiting. IT HAPPENED IN CANADA 6-4 Te TERROR OF THE VANCOUVER. "UNDERWORLD DENNIS 'CAND/D" LANNON of THE VANCODVER POLICE FoRCE NEVER FORGETS A FACE IN THREE YEARS HE ARRESTED 150 WANTED MEN BY MEMORIZING THEIR FACES ON THE WANTED POSTERS AND THEN SPOTTING THEM ON OFTEN CROWDED DOWNTOWN STREETS: - | AND SIMPLE NOUNS HAVE AS seers Hite VOCABULARY oF 12/500. WORDS IT USES 63 FORMS OF PRESENT TENSE MANY AS 262 INPLECTIONS =Tiatirax ns) = I$ WHAT HALI MEANS ~ Tils iS TRACED TO A YORKSHIRE (ENGLAND) TOWN OF THE SAME NAME «-- WHERE IN ANCIENT TIMES A GIRL WAS MURDERED AND HER HEAD WA$ HUNG. SY/ AAR FROM A VILLAGE TREE- O17 Aceon PnATURES © Lownen. dora WHITB' Kins Cyst WHITBY (S area resident: lend a helping against Cyst patronizing th held by the Club. The cha nival, Raymor ful that betwe will be raised. The carniva drive launcher men and Ki District 8 of t Kinsmen Club . Highw. An inquest i Mrs. Mario § Gliddon Ave., be held here a The hearing v by coroner Dr son at the OPE Mrs. Sousa, died when thi in which she | was involved i @ gasoline tan CWL Mer St. John the members welc parish Father | has been abser seven months Father Austi convalescence : had more time the need for mc of his fellowme to. bring pa' closer. He was deligt of Cuban schoo Florida who h Whitby. He h taped and play the members. happy he is to after his exile support of all to assist him. The newly e Mrs. James M the meeting an veners' reports. Delegates att nual CWL cor Youth G: The youth Mark's United pated in a Ser tion to Mission ¢ ing. The deaco: Newton, conduc and -- representz groups presente The followin their respective Just, Messen; Holroyd, 'Girl Thwaites, Boy § WHIT! Mr. and Mrs. off and children ory and Tammy dinner guests of mother, Mrs, | shyn, Toronto. St. Mark's | Hi-C Group wi services this Se Dairy Queen fo Proceeds will g centennial proje over the church Jeanette, dau and Mrs. Denn celebrating her ! today. Guests nparty are: G Henrietta and Ji Wildenberg, Mz Janie Doble and The Girl Guid central area pre mony for Gold will be held at trict High Schoo! p.m. Two Whitby Courtice and N Gold Cord Guide their certificate several other G Girl Guides' ch under the directi Hawkins. Whitby Chapte Order of the Ez sponsoring a hom coming Saturday Street West. Co- Sisters Lucille May Jewell. Pre to the benevolent Mrs, Albert G Perry, spent a 4 the home of her son-in-law, Mr. a! Brodhagen, Lupin The following Whitby Shrinkin Fe ec WOMEN'S A WHIT GENERAL H CENTENNIAL BAI In The Regal the Centenn Sat. Ma AT 8P TICKETS $15 PHON 668-2: 668-4!