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Ohe Oshawa Times 86 King St. E:;, Oshawa, Ontario Published by Canadian Newspapers Company Limited T. L. Wilson, Publisher E. C. Prince, Associate Publisher OSHAWA, ONTARIO, MONDAY, APRIL 17, 1967 New Community College Opens Many Avenues Exceptionally good news for Osh- awa and for residents of Ontario and Durham Counties came Friday with the announcement that ap- proval had been given at Queen's Park for the establishment of a community college here. The institution, one of 18 in the province, will represent an outstand- ing asset in many fields. First and foremost the college will provide facilities for continuation of educa- tion. By its nature it will in time be an inducement for those firms looking for sites to bring their in- dustries here as the college will be in a position to provide the techni- cally trained and proficient; man- power. And of course, an institu- tion requiring a provincial outlay of well over $1 million and which will attract some 7,500 students can- not help but be a long-term economic boon to the city and the area. The proper title of the college -- the College of Applied Arts and Technology for Ontario and Durham Counties -- is a mouthful. It de- notes an educational institution Apollo Shot A delay in the Apollo program, setting back the U.S. man-to-the- moon project by as much as one year appears the inevitable con- sequence of the findings of the board investigating the death of three astronauts. The findings were highly critical, necessitating a major overhaul of the spacecraft. The eight-man board said it found many workmanship and management deficiencies in the Apollo moon project while it in- vestigated a spacecraft fire that killed three astronauts in a launch pad test Jan. 27. The board said a bruised or broken wire most likely sparked the blaze. She Oshawa Sines 86 ded St. E., Oshawa, Ontorle WILSON, Publisher @ c "PRINCE, General Manager C. J. MeCONECHY, Editor SUBSCRIPTION RATES The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times {established 1871) and the itby Gazette and Chronicle (established 1863) is published daily (Sundays and: Statutary holidays excepted), Members of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish- ers Association, The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau Association. The Canadian Press is exclusively entitled to the use of republication of all news despatched in the paper scieciieg to It or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein, il rights of special des- patches are also reservi 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario National Advertising 'Offices: Thomson Buildin 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 64 Cathcart Street Montreal, P.Q. Delivered by carriers m Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Pe! Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester Pontypoo and Newcastle not over 55¢ per week. By mail in Province of Ontario outside carrier delivery area, $15.00 per year. Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, $18.00 per year. U.S.A, and foreign $27.00 pe year. planned to provide technological courses similar to those at Ryerson Institute in Toronto, technical and trade courses, business training and applied arts subjects. As set out in legislation initiating the community college system in 1965, the college has been created to open opportunities to those who wish to continue their education at the post-secondary level. They are not junior universities. Community colleges are oriented to skill an occu- pation. They're designed to work closely with the community in pro- viding the training needed by busi- ness and industry in the particular. area. There's little doubt that the bene- fits of having the college here will become increasing evident as the ground is broken, when classes be- gin and as enrolment swells. To the present member of the legislature Albert Walker and the many other civic-minded residents of the city and area whose efforts have brought the college here, the appreciation of the community is merited. Delayed Witnesses appearing in the board's investigations told of in- stances of sloppy workmanship and poor management within the Na- tional Aeronautics and Space Ad- ministration. North American Avia- tion, prime space contractors, and subcontractors. So many deficiencies in design and engineering, and in manufacture and quality control were cited it makes one wonder how some of the earlier missions were able to get off the launch pad. Without detracting from the space technology which made these missions possible, it may be that the phenomenal good fortune that astronauts enjoyed (aided on some of the missions by superb skill and courage), may have lulled those responsible into a false sense of security. There is no question the space race is a very real contest between the Russians and the Americans. Nor is there any doubt that immense world prestige will accrue to the country with the first man on the moon, At the same time it is good to see some of the competitive ardor tem- pered with a saner sense of calm- ness and care in the U.S. after the three national heroes died. The moon's been up there for a long time and another year or so won't make much difference, even if we were to continue to believe it made of green cheese. Gatti GENEVA TRADE TALKS NEAR CLIMAX psa vino OTTAWA REPORT Speeches Read, Sessions Longer By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--When the house of Commons met last Friday for the 236th working day of this session, MPs were expecting that it would take another 10 days to wrap up their work. If that timetable is met, this first session of Canada's 27th Parliament will fall just short of the long-distance record es- tablished by the second session of the last Parliament which contained 248 working days. In one respect, however, this session has already set one rec- ord. From opening date until progrogation, it will comfortably exceed the 13 months and 16 days of that earlier session, which opened on Feb. 18, 1964, and was prorogued on April 3, 1965. This session opened Jan. 18 last year, and will almost certainly exceed 15 months. These two lengthy sessions are unusual. Both are substan- tially longer than Canada's third most hardworking session, which opened Nov. 17, 1960, and prorogued Sept. 29 the following year. That session contained a mere 174 working days. And for Canada's fourth busiest session, we have to go back to 1903, when between March and October the third session of our ninth Par- liament had 155 sitting days. These dry statistics emphasize one fact of which all MPs are touchily aware: There is some- thing wrong with the system, when the normal routine of the year's work in Parliament gets strung out over 15 months. Obviously, if Parliament can- not manage its own affairs bet- ter than that, there is no reason why the electors and taxpayers should consider it to be more efficient in managing the af- fairs of the nation. Changes in the rules have been proposed and given a trial during this session; now' further changes are being considered, especially one proposal which could provide the machinery for restricting the length of any debate by agreement between the parties without imposing the arbitrary termination of debate known by that dirty word clos- ure. There are two factors now adding substantially to the length of parliamentary ses- sions which are both flagrant ruptures of the rules of pro- cedure; MPs who have sat since the early 1950s can remember when these rules were better observed, and the year con- tained fewer sitting days. JOE'S TURN TO TALK The first rule concerns the daily question period, This is when any MP may direct a question to any cabinet minis- ter, provided that its subject matter is of 'urgent national importance."' That phrase was so interpreted in earlier years that the daily question period was over in 10 minutes; recently it has grown to 90 minutes, and now been restricted by rule to 60 minutes maximum even if questions remain. But still trivi- alities are paraded as national emergencies by itchy MPs. The second point is the rule forbidding MPs to read their speeches. Today the majority stand up and read prepared es- says--this practice is euphemis- tically described as "referring to fairly extensive notes'-- which by coincidence generally happen to fill exactly the speak- er's allotted time. True orations, as opposed to readings, would be generally shorter, more persuasive, and above all according to the rules. But 'while those readers drone on, often with less than a quorum present, I sometimes think of the remark made by university professor Dr. Spooner, who often transposed initial syllables: 'Its beery work speaking before empty wenches." Diefenbaker Brings Back Words To Taunt Trudeau By KEN KELLY OTTAWA (CP)--Nothing de- lights parliamentarians in gen- eral, and Opposition Leader Diefenbaker in particular, more than to quote back to cabinet ministers their words of earlier days. The object is to try to illus- trate that the ministerial victim changes his mind when he sits in the seats of power. Any con- sequent embarrassment of the minister is pure gravy. So it was with great relish that Mr. Diefenbaker sprinkled the 'Commons record last week with quotations from the writ- ings of Pierre Elliott Trudeau a week to the day after Prime Minister Pearson named Mr. Trudeau federal justice minis- ter. It was vintage Diefenbaker. The Opposition leader noted that the Trudeau article began with the words "Lester B. Pear- son -- the unfrocked priest of peace." It concerned the 1963 declar- ation by Mr. Pearson that Can- ada was committed to accept nuclear arms from her allies, after several years of sternly rejecting such a course. The Pe$),n reversal of a pol- icy endorsed by the Liberal rank and file was the forerunner to the Commons defeat of Mr. Diefenbaker's government on the nuclear arms issue. Among the selected Trudeau Antena tga. veut ngs turennnaatr venta quotations placed on the record by Mr. Diefenbaker: "T am only concerned 'with the anti-democratic reflexes of the spineless Liberal herd. "Power beckoned to Mr. Pear- son; he had nothing to lose ex- cept his honor. He lost it. And his whole party lost it too. "The political philosophy of the Liberal party is simplicity itself. 'Say anything, think any- thing you like but put us in power because we are best fitted to govern.' "It is all right for Pearson and the Liberals to shout 'ready, aye, ready' when the word came from across the border from the militarists and the fund raisers. "To corrupt spirits by reduc- ing politics to a system utterly denuded of principles seems to me far more serious than hav- ing handed out. a few presents to the electorate." Somewhat ruefully, Mr. Tru- deau concedes that those were his sentiments on the nuclear issue although he points out that he wasn't a Liberal party man then. In fact, he was a New Democratic Party sympathizer. "I ought to charge Mr. Dief- enbaker royalties,"' he said this week about the Opposition lead- er's remarks, "I think this is the first time a cabinet minister has written a major part of the speech of the leader of the Op- position." mn " POTENTIALLY 'GREATEST IN HISTORY Canada Bargains 'Reciprocity Of Benefits' By DENNIS ORCHARD OTTAWA (CP) -- Vital de- cisions affecting world com- merce are being made in Ge- neva this month after three years of careful sparring among major trading nations, As good negotiators, mem- bers of the General Agree- ment on Tariffs and Trade-- GATT--have reserved their final demands and concessions to the last moment. The so - called Kennedy Round negotiations ' were made possible by the author- ity Congress gave five years ago to the U.S. president to cut tariffs. This authority runs out July 1 and GATT mem- bers, including Canada, have imposed a deadline of April 30 for a new multilateral agreement. The Canadian Importers As- sociation has described the Kennedy Round as "'poten- tially the greatest tariff dis- armament conference in the history of the world." Its members look forward to substantial cuts by Canada in tariffs on manufactured goods, which run generally between 20 and 25 per cent. EXPORTERS HOPEFUL Canadian exporters also hope for much-improved ac- cess to foreign markets. From the outset, Canada has sought a maximum reduction in the American tariff and a better price for its cereals, chiefly wheat, : Domestic manufactur- on manufactures. As a recog- not been able to agree among ers, concentrated in Quebec and Ontario, will face consid- erable adjustments to meet new import competition if Canada agrees to major cuts in its barriers against highly- Processed goods. Although possible Canadian concessions are an almost perfectly-kept secret, federal Officials have said Canada must bargain in good faith at Geneva, offer a "reciprocity of benefits," and refrain from riding into a better trade posi- tion on the sacrifices of other countries. Industrialized nations within GATT are bargaining on the basis of potential 50-per-cent across-the-board tariff reduc- tions for non - agricultural products. Reports from Ge- neva suggest that the results may be closer to 25 or 30 per cent, which would. still amount 'to the biggest negotiated im- petus to trade since GATT was formed in 1948. Members negotiating on the basis of the linear cuts have tabled lists of exceptions cov- ering products declared to need continued tariff protec- tion because of "overriding national interests." WANT MORE FOR WHEAT Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa would lose more than they would gain by 50-per-cent cute 4 nition of their special eco- nomic and trade structures, they have been permitted to negotiate on the basis of in- dividual trade concessions of equivalent value to benefits they: receive. Canada hopes a_ cereals agreement, incorporating a much higher world reference price for wheat, will emerge from Geneva to replace the current International Wheat Agreement. The problem of cereals has been a central one in the Kennedy Round, complicated by differences within the Eu- ropean Common Market and a variety of national policies and support programs else- where, Another stumbling block has been a sharp conflict between the Common Market and Brit- ain over their tariff levels on iron and steel. A third has been U.S. tariff barriers to chemicals, where levies are tied to the Amer- ican selling price. GATT members may also chart a long - term textiles agreement, and the problem of opening up major markets for the products of less-devel- oped countries is getting more attention than ever before. BOYCOTTED BY FRANCE One main reason why the Kennedy Round has pro- gressed so slowly is that Com- mon Market sountries have themselves. A French boycott of a mar- ket meeting in mid-1965 halted the round for many months. The market's agricultural tar- iff offers were delivered at Geneva only last August, a * year late. The American interest in developing close ties with the new Europe--a market of size and industrial strength equal to that of the United States-- lay at the heart of the trade initiative promoted by and named after the late presi- dent Kennedy. But this has been' resisted by France. The Kennedy Round has become closely bound up with the military and political issues facing the Western alliance. Canada shares less of the military and political respon- sibility involved than the U.S., but in terms of trade goals its exports are four times more important to its economy than American ex- ports are to the U.S. Economists argue that con- ditions of rising demand, fa- vorable foreign-exchange po- sitions and low, non-discrim- inatory trade barriers are es- sential to Canada's economic goals. They say only multilateral trade negotiations will ensure these conditions, and GATT is the custodian of multilateral trade, THEY RE BOTH SPARRING IN THE CENTRE OF THE RING -- "THE COMMON MARKET LEADS WITH A TARIFF uUPpPERCUT -- THeY SEEM "To SE "TRYING "To OUTWAIT SACH OTHER -- So FAR ITS MOSTLY FANCY FOOTWORK -- <a CU nena KENNEDY ROUND TL itn: mde t tC FOREIGN NEWS ANALYSIS TL Anti-Missiles Or Nothing ? By PHILIP DEANE Foreign Affairs Analyst If we sign up for another 10 years of NORAD our air de- fence treaty with the United States, we are automatically committing ourselves--say Ot- tawa experts--to building an anti-missile defence, should the U.S. decide to build one; this would cost us $3,500,000,000. In addition, we should have to maintain modern submarine chasers against missile firing submarines and buy enormously costly new interceptors because Russia, despite her advances in missilry, has retained her old bombers. If we do none of these things, say the experts, we will lose $300,000,000 a year in arms sales to the U.S. and leave our major population centres unprotected in the event of nuclear war. A war between Russia and the U.S. will be launched by one or the other side by surprise; whoever decides war is inevi- table, will try to get in the first blow. This means that bombers will certainly not be used since one gets radar warning of their coming hours ahead, in vlenty of time to launch an instan- taneous counterpunch with mis- siles. So why do we need the new and expensive interceptors except to keep our pilots feeling thoroughly modern? Similarly, if the Russians use their missile-firing submarines, they will have them shoot. all at once, in a co-ordinated strike with their land based missiles. From the time the decision is taken. to the time the missiles land, 30 minutes will elapse, and our subchasers will get the order to chase only after the Russian missiles are on the way. As for an anti-missile arms race, it would be an absurdity. The Russians are said to have installed GALOSH rockets as protection for their major cities; if so, they have been conned into this by their ex- perts. The GALOSH is derived from the SAM anti-aircraft mis- sile. Nineteen hundred SAMS have been fired at U.S. planes in Vietnam and have scored only 37 hits, and planes flying at 2,000 miles per hour are easier to hit than missiles whose speed is 20,000 miles per hour. The nation launching a missile attack will also detonate over its targets huge hydrogen bombs whose emission of radi- ation will dazzle and blind the TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS April 17, 1967... French troops from Mont- real captured the British fort at the confluence of the Ohio and Alleghany Rivers 213 years ago today --in 1754 --and named it Fort Duquesne. It was recap- tured by the British in 1758, rebuilt and renamed Fort Pitt in honor of the British prime minister, only to be abandoned in 1772. The city of Pittsburgh now stands on the site. 1492 --Christopher Co- lumbus was commissioned by the Spanish king and queen to find a westward route to the Indies. 1897 --Turkey declared war on Greece. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1917--submarines sank the British hospital ships La- franc and Donegal, drown- ing 75 men; the French cap- tured high ground and 3,500 prisoners near Moronvillers, f radars that guide efensive mis- sile and this is only one of the many advantages which the of- fense has over defence. Most of the attacking missiles will get through. If Russia is seen to be build- ing anti-missiles in earnest, the U.S. will preserve the balance of terror either by also building anti-missiles or building enough additional attack missiles to blanket Soviet defences. The balance of terror will thus be preserved; as heretofore, nei- ther superpower will be able to assume it can escape tetaliation if it struck first. Even if there is a war, by some insane conjunction of cir- cumstances, it is unlikely that anyone, even the Chinese, would fire directly at us. We would only have to worry about fallout, I can see some argu- ments in favor of building fall- out shelters but nothing else. But what if we lose the $300,- 000,000 a year in arms sales to the U.S., if we do not try to be a smaller version of the Penta- gon's Air Defence Command? Three hundred million a year is a smaller sum than what we would be spending on anti-mis- siles and super-modern inter- ceptors to fight Russia's anti- quated planes, Barr Colonists Arrived To 'Tent' At In 1903 Canada was enjoying an immigration boom. Organ- ized by Sir Clifford Sifton, who had been made minister of im- migration in 1896, the drive brought more than 2,000,000 new citizens to Canada in 10 years. Immigration offices were opened in Britain, Europe and the United States, There were advertisements in more than 7,000 newspapers offering free land in Western Canada. Agents received $5 for the head of every family sent to Canada, plus $2 for every member of the family. Some of the settlers went through grim times and should never have been chosen because they could not adjust changes in their way of living. Others were badly advised. One group arrived with oxen. They had been told that oxen were better than horses because they could not only draw heavy loads, but would supply milk as well! Among the hardy settlers who became successful despite great hardships were the founders of Lloydminster on the Alberta- Saskatchewan border. They had been recruited in Britain by Rev. I. M. Barr, a silver - tongued salesman. The voyage across the Atlantic was in an old ship called the Mani- toba. Men and women and chil- dren slept in the holds, with no privacy, the most primitive Saskatoon toilet arrangements, and the food and water was almost unfit for human consumption. After arriving at Saint John, N.B., they were herded into "'colonist cars" which crawled to Saska- toon. The train travelled so slowly that the Barr colonists said they could shoot a rabbit from a window, jump off the train and pick it up, and then get back into one of the rear coaches. Their baggage was lost, and when they arrived at Saskatoon April 17, 1903, had to live in tents for two weeks. The weather was bitterly cold. Fi- nally they travelled to present- day Lloydminster in overloaded wagons from which the re- mainder of their luggage kept dropping off. Coal oil spilled into: their food. The new settlers were so dis- couraged that some of them might have gone home had it not been for Rev. G. E. Lloyd who urged them to keep going. It was for him that the present- day city was named. OTHER APRIL 17 EVENTS 1610 -- Henry Hudson sailed from Enrland on voyage during which he discovered Hudson Strait. 1645--De Charnisay captured Fort LaTour at Saint John. 1664--Decree prohibited giv- ing liquor to the Indians. MORE TROOPS? Bloody Test Of Attrition In Vietnam By ARCH MacKENZIE WASHINGTON (CP) -- To- day's rumors of additional American troop commitments in the Vietnamese war often have proven tomorrow's realities. Unofficial estimates in the spring of 1965 for a manpower ceiling of 400,000 were dis- counted--and at that time ap- peared highly unrealistic. Now, North Vietnam and the U.S. have settled down to a bloody test of attrition. Despite fearsome losses, the northern forces keep coming with their Viet Cong allies and new Ameri- can troop ceilings are being bandied about. This is one of the few avenues left for escalating the war on either side, observers here sug- gest. PASS KOREAN TOTAL The last official figure for 'American troop presence in the south was 435,000 with indica- tions the year-end target was about 470,000. This compares with the peak Korean-war com- mitment by the U.S. of 400,000 men. Several factors govern the fu- ture. How long can the Communists keep coming--at least at the suicidal pace reported by the U.S. in recent days following the mutual step-up in the fighting? Will the U.S. have to step in increasingly to handle the hold- ing and pacification of cleared areas as well as the main-line fighting? Finally, and perhaps most im- portant, how many more men can President Johnson commit without calling up some re- serves -- a decision believed frought with political hazards domestically? SEEK MORE MEN The U.S. Marines has asked for another division. But, unless some of the 45,000 marines re- serves are to be called up, adding a third marine division to Vietnam, one of two remain- ing in the U.S. would have to be tapped. Or army units could be used, drawing on conscripted men. If the U.S. is drawn into large- scale pacification work, the manpower ceiling may zoom past 600,000 men, some esti- mate, without any guaranteed evidence that their work can be finished for a decade. YEARS AGO 15 YEARS AGO April 17, 1952 The Hudson Bay Co. will open a departmental store in Ajax in August. Mrs. Bertha Cucknell and Mrs. B. Mosier were the wit ners of the Oshawa Lions Club Bingo. Because of the tie the winners received a combination radio and record player and 4 refrigerator. 30 YEARS AGO April 17, 1937 Arthur E. Ribey, superinten- dent of Pinkerton's National Detective Agency, Toronto, was the guest speaker at the Whit- by Rotary Club luncheon yes- terday. The Board of Education has donated $50.00 to buy a flag for each school room for the Cor onation celebration. BIBLE "OQ Lord, I have heard thy speech, and was afraid O Lord, revive thy work in the midst of the years, in the midst of the years make known; in wrath remember mercy." Habakkuk 3:2. Revival has never been known to break out until men break down, The possibilities of prayer are still unknown to so many. 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