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She Oshawa Gunes 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited T. L. Wilson, Publisher E. C. Prince, Associate Publisher OSHAWA, ONTARIO, FRIDAY, MARCH 3, 1967 Apprenticeship Views Different In This may smack of heresy in an era when the quest of higher edu- cation is a paramount pursuit in which all young people are pressed to join. Yet it must be recognized « that many firms today request ridi- culously high educational standards before hiring young people, require- ments not necessary to do the work offered. Rather than developing a productive force, education stand- ards seem to be set with the aim of holding young people off the labor market as long as possible. In other highly developed indus- trial countries the approach is much different. In West Germany nearly 1.5 million youngsters are serving time as apprentices in shops, fac- tories and stores. They are working under contracts signed by their par- ents so that they can learn a trade. The length of time required before the apprenticeship is completed var- ies according to the work, but in the end those who qualify go out into the world armed with a certificate that is recognized not only every- where in Germany but in all Com- mon Market countries. Germany About 80 per cent of a Germans who leave school ll young soon af- ter completing elementary school take apprentice training. Those who -do not enter the job-trainingt program must attend a ment-operated "ordinary" govern- vocation- al school for at least eight hours a week until they are 18. It is a program that has its favor. Not everyone is much in suitable for academic training beyond Grade 9 or 10 and, although we hear a lot of talk to the contrary, jobs in a wide variety of fields are not sud- denly disappearing in the age of technology. Many have simply been made to seem to disappear by rais- ing educational requirements to an unnecessarily high level.. The German system opens the door for many young people in a satisfying and where they can earn as th rewarding career ey learn. And while government supported, the program is privately operated with each employer administering his own program within th work of guidelines laid dow e frame- n by the chamber of industry, commerce or handicraft in his own field. How Many Years Back? The race to the moon has many incentives lodged in national prest- ige and the interests of scientific advancement. Moon _ exploration and the whole conquest of space is also but another phase in the at- tempt to fathom the mystery of time which has been nagging at the curiosity of man for centuries. Less than four centuries have passed since Archbishop Ussher as- signed the date of creation as 4040 B.C., the National Geographic So- ciety recalls. The Irish Biblical chronologist was much 'more con- servative, however, than the ancient Chaldeans. They allowed 473,000 years for the age of man and two million for the universe. In recent years, scientists have been able to make more precise guesses about the origin of things through new techniques of studying the composition of stars, meteor- its, earth's rocks, fossils, sediments, She Oshawa Times 86 King St. £., Oshawa, Ontarie T. L. WILSON, Publisher €. C. PRINCE, General Manager Cc. J, MeCONECHY, Editor SUBSCRIPTION RATES The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawo Times (estoblished 1871) and the Whitby Gozette ond Chronicle (established 1863) is published daily (Sundays and Stotutary holidays excepted), Members of Canadion Daily Newspaper 'Publish> ers Associativn, The Canedian Press Audit Bureau Association. The Conadian Press is exclusively entitled to the use of republication of all news despatched in the paper credited to It or to The Associated Press or Reuters, ond olso the local news published therein. All rights of special des- potches are also reserved 86 King St. £ t Oshawa, Ontorio Nationa! Advertising Offices: Thomson fiding 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontorig: 646 Cathcart Street Montreal, P.O Delivered' by carrters in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton Enniskillen, Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester Pontypoc!, and Newcastle not over 5Sc per week. By mail in Province of Ontario outside corrier delivery aren, $15.00 per year. Other provinces ond Commonwealth Countries, $18.00 per yeor, U.S.A. and foreign $27.00 per yeor. 'messeemereynnsni 0 UMAR ST. PAUL, ALBERTA TU ancient wood, prehistoric skeletons, and tools. A prime technique is the measurement of radioactivity in certain elements. The universe's birthday moved backward sharply in 1955 when as- tronomers of three observatories in California -- Palomar, Mount Wil- son, and Lick -- reported a probable age of about 5.4 billion year, 8. Current estimates suggest that the universe is from 10 to 1 3 billion years old. A cluster of distant gal- axies seem to be about 25 billion years old. The earth's beginning dated by science as being 8% and 4% billion years, the rocks and minerals in i OTTAWA REPORT Taxation Report Sounds Familiar By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--The Carter royal commission on taxation was set up on Sept. 25, 1962. Nearly 414 years later, and at an estimated cost of $2,591,092 (less than half the cost of the bilingual and bi- cultural commission) it has published its recommendations. Its six-volume report weighs 14% pounds, costs $27.50 to buy, and is likely to raise a storm of criticism from taxpayers, poli- ticians and businessmen. Its recommendations either go too far, or not far enough. On Sept. 27 last, this column gave readers a prediction of the broad outline of the commis- sion's proposals -- a piece of southsaying which is now seen to have hit the bull's-eye. "A dominating pbhilos- ophy running through the com- mission's recommendations is believed to be a redefinition of 'income' for tax purposes," [ wrote. I predicted that taxable income would consist not, as now, chiefly of wages only, but would include total cash flow from all sources, including "profit on the sale of real es- tate or stocks or even that old furniture in the attic, as well as gifts, inheritances and _ wind- falls such. as Irish sweepstake winnings."" (The report even uses that word 'windfall.') "Some form of capital gains tax is expected," I wrote. 'In addition the report may recom- mend steps to reduce tax eva- sion, associated with dummy companies, family relationships and expense account living." This column also suggested that greater emphasis would be put upon a retail sales tax, PAYING FOR WELFARE After reading the massive re- port, I could hardly improve on that summary in the scope of 150 words. But now comes the time for second - gessing the Carter commission. Its report in fact is far more than a study of taxation: it de- lineates the political philosophy of the welfare state, and its rec- ommendations could be a plat- form for a government acting the role of a 20th Century Robin Hood, robbing the 'haves' to help others. I use the word "'robbing"' ad- visedly. In the present era of galloping inflation, the dollar price of property such as houses and shares must rise cor- respondingly to the fall in the purchasing power of the dollar. Prices are rising nearly 4 per cent each year; at this rate the price of an asset will nearly double in 20 years even if its real worth remains stationary. When realized by sale, that ap- preciation in price, as measured in dollars of diminishing value, would nevertheless wrongly be regarded as a capital gain, and be taxed accordingly. Project- ing this to the ultimate, the government could virtually de- stroy personal wealth by thus taxing its apparent but false in- crease in value. I call that robbery, The report recommends the imposition of a retail sales tax of seven per cent on all pur- chases of goods and services, with some notable exceptions such as food including and soft drinks, tricity, buildings and_ building materials, prescription drugs and medical appliances, books and newspapers, home rentals, and other services such as med- ical and dental care, education and burials. The government could finance its operations more simply and economically by abolishing every tax except the sales tax, and adjusting its rate upwards as needed. From statistics com- piled by the commission, I cal- culate that this rate would today have to be 50 per cent. A sales tax at that rate would clearly show every Canadian just how much his pocket is being soaked by government. It would lead to the rapid defeat of any governe ment: which, like the present, increased its spending by over 15 per cent every year. That is why the present system of mul- tiple and largely hidden taxes will continue, and the Carter proposals never be swallowed whole, fuel and elec- French "Ghost Candidate" Trying To Haunt Old Hero LYON (AP)--Jacques Sous- telle, a turbulent and discordant echo from Charles de Gaulle's eel is making a spiritual re- turn to France to haunt his old hero. is now Soustelle lives in exile, threat- between rion with arrest if he steps onto rench soil, but he is a candi- though date for a deputy's seat in this ts crust month's legislative elections. He are somewhat younger. The oceans are believed to be less than 600 mil- lion years old. Man is not nearly so old as the revolving sphere he inhabits but he, too, has been around awhil e. Until 1959, paleotologists considered that 1959, paleonologists considered that earth's oldest residents, both 500,- 000 or so years. Then Dr. L. 8. B. Leakey reported the discovery in Tanganyika of am earlier man, who lived and on the shores of hunted long-vanished lake there some 600,000 years back. Subsequently he uncovered mains of a child and an adu the re- It whom he believes to be much older than his previous find. The search for the answer is like- ly to continue far into the future. And then if ever the start of time is determined, what will it mean? Will Java Man and Peking Man were the cancer? slightest influence on the Saturday shopper will have for steak or chops? Or will it even have the price a to pay will be the '"'ghost candidate" among 2,244 aspirants seeking 470 places in the National As- sembly, "It's a big gamble," says Jean Miriot, a Lyon municipal councillor, who is one of Sous- telle's campaign managers. "This is a serious candidacy. We think there's a chance to win but we're prepared to lose." Although expert opinion is di- vided, Soustelle as. a winner might immediately be covered by parliamentary immunity so he could walk into Paris as a free man. But a Gaullist-domi- nated parliament could vote to lift Soustelle's immunity. Soustelle, 55, is an incarna- tion of France's drama over the Algerian war. He followed Gen. de Gaulle to London in 1940 after the fall of France and worked in the Free French intelligence serv- ices. An archeologist of repute, he plunged into politics after the liberation of France. ELECTED DEPUTY Soustelle was elected a dep- uty in 1951 from Lyon, and was re-elected in 1956. During those days of constantly changing governments of the Fourth Re- public, he was one of the chief Gaullist spokesmen in parlia- ment and usually acted as the Gaullist hatchet man when the time came to topple a cabinet. In 1955, he was appointed governor - general of Algeria by Premier Pierre Mendes-France. French residents of Algeria pro- tested that he was too far to the left. Within months, the set- tlers had won Soustelle to their views and accepted him as their champion, In May, 1958, when the Alger- jan settlers and the army were boiling up to open revolt, the teetering government in Paris put a guard on Soustelle's Paris apartment. Soustelle hid in the trunk of a car, fled to Geneva and flew to Algiers. There he helped channel the directionless revolution into a clear call for the return of de Gaulle, hailed then as the savior of French Algeria, \ As a reward Soustelle was named minister of information when de Gaulle formed a gov- ernment. Algerian terrorists fired on his car near the Arc de Triumphe. When it became clear that de Gaulle was moving toward Al- gerian independence, Soustelle broke with him, fled France and worked politically to sup- port the angry settlers who saw Algeria slipping through -- their hands, He has. been in exile since 1960. Recently he was in Lau- sanne, Switzerland. A French arrest warrant charging him with offences against security is still active and French minis- ters have said he would be ar- rested here. nn mn TM JEWEL IN '67 CROWN Town Carrying On Love Affair With Canada By JOHN SHORT ST. PAUL, Alta. (CP)--De- spite a 30-year difference in ages, this town 120 miles northeast of Edmonton is car- rying on a love affair with Canada. The affair: began officially nearly two years ago, when civic leaders started prepara- tions for Canada's 100th birth- day celebration. Formal admission that the affection is returned has been expressed by John Fisher, Canada's centennial commis- sioner. Mr. Fisher calls St. Paul, a community of 4,000, "the jewel in our centennial crown." More than 65 projects con- tributing to the gigantic birth- day party originated here be- fore the party started at mid- night New Year's Eve. Offi- cials are hopeful the number will reach 100--one for every year since Confederation--be- fore the party ends Dec. 31. The 'world recognized St. Paul's contributions on New Year's Eve, when bells rang in many centres throughout the world, Paul Drolet, a St. Pauw merchant, initiated the proj- ect. "One man from England promised to' walk up and down the streets at midnight ringing bells and doorbells," Mr. oo said. "We don't know whether he did it, but it was a tremendous idea." Before the bell-ringing cere- mony, Mr. Drolet received pledges from such countries as Mexico, Scotland, France, Finland, Brazil and Guate- mala as well as many com- munities in the United States. "We have found that many kept their promise," Jim centennial candy | co-ordinator, said in an inter- view. Mr. Findlay and his asso- ciates aren't quite sure where St. Paul's centennial enthusi- asm took root, "but we aren't questioning it." "On the surface, St. Paul looks like any other mixed- farming community of its size in Alberta," Mr. Findlay said. "We've found the French- Canadian population most willing to co-operate, both in St. Paul and elsewhere, and the St. Paul people have needed almost no encouragee ment from official sources." At least one St. Paul project, a landing pad for flying sauc- ers, has received international recognition. "After all,". says Mayor Jules Van. Brabant, "how many landing pads for flying Saucers have you seen lately?" A slick periodical has been published since 1964 to keep St. Paul residents abreast of centennial developments. The work of generating centennial interest began in the fall of 1963, when Chamber of Com- merce members were ap- pointed centennial organizers. The first official centennial project in St, Paul was con- struction of a recreation build- ing. To pay for it, residents passed a plebiscite adding $1 a month to each water bill. In addition, the town sent four high school students to Charlottetown to deliver cow- hide scrolls containing thé sig- natures of 2,300 residents as favoring Confederation. St. Paul's list. of contribu- tions includes a special cen- tennial mass, written by a local priest; a sketching com- petition for Alberta Indians with the winner sent to Paris for a holiday; a petition by 200 high school students ask- ing for lowering of the voting age to 18 from 21; a fund- raising project for retarded children; a collection of more than 40 portraits of well- known Canadians by a local photographer and a request to every St. Paul business to dis- play a set of centennial flags "You couldn't list all the things these people have done,' Mr. Findlay said. q\ KS os robe Dy Sermaae IT'S REALLY A FUN THING" Hitt FOREIGN NEWS "ANALYSIS Luu atntte yet Vested Interest In Arsenals By PHILIP DEANE Foreign Affairs Analyst In their effort to ban anti- missiles, both Russia and the United States are experiencing identical problems with men against whom former president Eisenhower warned as he was leaving office--the military-in- dustrial complex, the alliance of generals and manufacturers with a vested interest in keep- ing arsenals growing. Eisenhower did not suggest that such men were merchants of death caring only for profits, in total disregard of human wel- fare. Profits there are, of course, but the military-indus- trial complex earnestly believes it is the true defender of peace by preparing for war. Being true believers, these men are also evangelists and they have enormous resources with which to propagate their gospel. Their impact is magni- fied because they speak as ex- perts to the uninformed; mod- ern weapons are so complicated technologically that legislators, let alone the public, do not really understand military prob- lems, especially since in this era unprecedented secrecy covers the developments of weaponry. The scars of the ideological confrontation between capital- ism and communism have not yet healed, moreover, and the military-industrial complex in either Russia or the U.S. can get attention, even assent by TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS March 3, 1966... Louis Philippe, the last Capetian king of France, arrived in England 119 years ago today--in 1848-- where he was to die two years later in exile. A wave of revolution spread across Europe in 1848 and he had to escape, with his queen, from the Paris mob on foot. They wereessmuggled to England by the British con- sul at Le Havre, who knew that Queen Victoria was a close personal friend of theirs. 1918 -- The Russo - Ger- man treaty of Brest-Litovsk ended the First World War on the Russian front. 1960--The Roman Catho- lic Church created its first Negro, Japanese and Fili- pino cardinals. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1917 --Germany attempted to explain the invitation to Mexico to attack the United States as "timely precau- tions; a German field- marshal was appointed chief of staff of the Austro- Hungarian army. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1942--the govern- ment of the Dutch East Indies fled Batavia for Bandung; the RAF bombed © the Renault works near Paris, now making tanks for Germany; Japanese aircraft attacked airfields in northwestern Australia, BIBLE "Faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God."' Romans 10:17. People who want to have more faith ought to be more faithful in reading the word of God. "Thy word is a lamp unto my feet-and a light unto my path." * accusing '"'the other side" of trickery and dishonesty. Canadian. and American dip- lomats have turned up evidence that, in Moscow, the politicians who want to avoid a renewed arms race in the anti-missile field, are being opposed by the generals and the managers of the huge rocket and electronic industries, with the identical arguments U.S. generals and manufacturers use when ad- dressing Congress. The basic argument in both , countries is that the other side must not be allowed to gain or hold an advantage. The capa- bilities of anti-missile systems are extolled extravagantly. Both sides ask rhetorically whether it is not worthwhile to save even as few as 10,000,000 lives, The basic flaw of all these argu- ments, Russian or U.S, is that both sides have enough offens- ive weapons not only to kill but to overkill, that anti-missile de- fences will intercept only a pro- portion of these weapons, and that those which get through will be enough to cause such havoc that a thermonuclear war between the two superpowers will remain a futile, irrational act from either's point of view. A new arms race, pitting more anti-missiles against more offensive missiles will not change this stark equation. But all this is logic and the true believers of the. industrial-mili- tary complex in both Russia and the U.S. deal in emotions, Riel's Downfall Started With Red River Uprising By BOB BOWMAN Although Louis Riel was not hanged until 1885 following the Northwest Rebellion, his down- fall really happened in 1870 dur- ing the Red River uprising. He made the blunder of having a Canadian surveyor, Thomas Scott, executed in a scene of great cruelty. From that time on, Ontario Orangemen 'clam- ored for Riel's death. Scott's crime, in Riel's view, was that he had taken part jn an action to try to overthrow Riel's provisional government. He sang a song: "Riel sits in his chamber of state With his stolen silver forks and stolen silver plate, And his Braw things spread out in style so great, He'll not breakfast alone this morning. Hey, Riel, ate ye waking yet, Or are ye're drums a-beat- ing yet, If ye're nae waking we'll wait, For we'll*take this fort in the morning."' The attempt to overthrow Riel failed but he pardoned the men who had taken part, except Scott, who had laughed at, and been contemptuous of the French half-breeds (Metis). OO LAM Wu nh it HAPPENED IN CANADA Scott's trial was on March 8, and Riel acted as prosecutor as well as one of three witnesses who testified. The execution took place the following day. Scott was made to kneel in the snow beside a coffin. There was a firing squad of six Metis who had been drink- ing. Three of the guns had blank charges, so no one could know who actually fired the balls that killed Scott. He was struck by three balls, but was still alive, Then one of the Metis ran up and put a bullet through his head, The body was buried secretly, and it is believed that it may have been _ pushed through.a hole in the Red River ice that night. OTHER MARCH 3 EVENTS 1722--Colony of New France (Canada) was divided into par- ishes. 1809--U.S. Congress cut off trade with Britain and Canada. 1815--Congress repealed the above act. > 1838--U.S. supporters of re- bellions in Upper and Lower Canada tried to invade Canada at Point Pelee, Lake Erie, but were repulsed. 1871--House of Commons ap- proved bill to have British Co- lumbia join Canada. 1887--U.S. passed Fisheries Retaliation Act against Canada. ryt BE {50 YEARS Op - MSED OYA G Rony we Count oF 7S \bAecraes: -ay- NOEL ony ")e}| ARE STILL ACCEPTED. kanes anng rn ONE OF CANADA'S GREATEST GEOGRAPHERS AND Ex reais erased THE EQUAL OF ANY BOONE on, WAS FULL OF HEROIC DEEDS AS YET UNTOLD iN. L oR -- OFTEN FACED BY HOSTILE INDIANS HE MAPPED OUT MOUNTAINS IN_/ $00, 000 SQUARE CANADA'S WEST AND NORTH WEST WITH SUCH WONDERFUL ACCURACY THAT EVEN TODAY HIS LOCATIONS AND SURVEYS QUEEN'S PARK Agriculture Thinking Progressive By DON O'HEARN TORONTO--Some of the most level - headed and progressive thinking of today is coming aut of the Ontario Federation of Agriculture. More than most organizations the federation seems able to take a clear look at public af- fairs and grasp that they are much more complex and, in other ways, greatly changed in recent times. This was evident in the feder- ation's annual brief to the cabl- net this year when it noted the decline in influence of the indi vidual elector, largely through any meaningful contact between him, the government and elected representatives, It didn't say this, but it im- plied that the man-on-the-street of former decades for the most part isn't on the street any more, TIED TO TV He is tied to his television set or other modern attraction, and the communication of the old days, where the local member was in close touch with his community, no longer exists. Also, ridings are much larger today than they used to be, and the growth in urban develop- ment has meant the closely- knit communities of other years are slowly disappearing. This means, the federation proposes, that voluntary service organizations have a new role to play. They must largely replace the individual elector in his old role of conveying to government and Parliament the will and pulse of the people. This, to anyone close to public affairs, is an apparently worth- while, and certainly thought- provoking, proposal. START INVESTIGATING? Then, in the current issue of the Rural Co - operator -- the semi-official organ of the feder- ation, there is an equally astute, and thought-provoking, sugges- tion. This is that parliaments them- selves have not recognized the changes in their ways of doing business, and it is time their machinery worked out new ap- proaches. An editorial points out that parliaments function today as though they are essentially rub- ber stamps. In theory they can argue against government and the steps it takes. But in practical effect this is seldom meaning- ful. Out of this, it proposes that parliaments should more of less accept that cabinets are going to legislate; but that in accepting this they should de- mand the right to investigate, and in future stress investiga- tion. In a concrete sense this would mean year - round legislative committees and inquiry In de- tail into governments. Again, this makes a lot of sense, YEARS AGO 20 YEARS AGO March 3, 1947 Oshawa was digging itself out of the worst snow storm since December 1944. Building permits for the month of. February totalled $13,450, the highest amount for. the month of February since 1928 except for last year when the amount was $17;500, 85 YEARS AGO March 3, 1932 Statistics compiled by the city engineer's office, show the value of building permits issued during the month of February reached a new low of $155.00. This being the lowest total re- corded since the record keeping began in 1922. The blue and white ensign of the Bell Telephone Co. is flying today to commemorate the birth eighty-five years ago, March 3, 1847 of Alexander Graham Bell. TM MILES OF THOMPSON'S ACHIEVEMENTS WERE TREMENDOUS ASSETS 10 THE OPENING UP OF LARGE AREAS OF WHAT 18 NOW WESTERN CANADA + YET THIS bry MAN abc] INRELATIVE AT LONGUBUIL » P.Q- WHI guests ure § val to munit: be Ar Stever fourth in the skatin real. Ann mer Cham year | seasor Canad The Club i ing ¢ memb and ¢ years will p Carni spent and d tumes Uni "Ts ry?" Mark' Unit | Sawy¢ Tho ing tt today. work report charg Josep fering N was g comp! in Th used | er co projet Sigt Sc At quet Scout was for tl tal | the r effort er I prese ganiz: sente 10-ye: servi Mo: Scout preps iliary Chi duce folloy lla N