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| She Oshawa Cimes Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario _T. L. Wilson, Publisher WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1966 -- PAGE 4 -- eS Research Suggested To Reduce Accidents A National Research Council study group has urged the Cana- dian government to establish a Na- tional Motor Vehicle Accident Re- search Centre to find ways to re- duce the number and seriousness of accidents on Canadian roads and highways. To date there is little Canadian research on the prevention of road _ accidents, and that which is being done is fragmented and unco-ordin- ated. Suggested for action is a deter- mination of accident causes, the prevention of accidents and the pre- vention of injuries caused by acci- dents. The study group reported there is no single solution to this difficult and complex problem of motor accidents. Its study of the literature shows that the driver is the main cause of accidents, Engi- neering deficiencies of the vehicle and the road also contribute, but to an undetermined and definitely sec- ondary degree. Should the proposal be accepted, the National Motor Vehicle Accident Research Centre would co-ordinate All Handled The Archbishop of Canterbury has been gathering accolades on his tour of Canada for the facility with which he handles that cross the prominent must bear, the press con- ference. He's being roundly com- plimented for his wit, wisdom and perception. Commenting on a conference His Grace attended in Niagara Falls, The Welland Tribune noted he didn't plead lack of background on a single question and that, when pressed for @ personal opinion, he gave it if he eonsidered the question relevant. She Oshawa Fines T. L. WILSON, Publisher & C. PRINCE, General Menager C. J, MeCONECHY, Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawe Times (established 1871) and the itby Gazette ond ee eee 1863) is published daily ¥ ¥ (Bund Members of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish- ers Association, The Conadion Press, Audit Bureou of Circulation ond the Ontario Provincial Dailies . The Canadion Prem is exclusively Spaced ol Ay of republication of all news in poper credited to it er to The Associated Press or Reuters, and olso the locol news published therein. All rights ef special des- patches are alse reserved. Offices: Building, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, 640 Cathcort Street Montreel, P.O. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers In Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpeel, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orene, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester Pontypeol, and Newcostle not over S5c week, By mall in Province of Ontario outside -currier delivery oreo, $15.00 per year. Other Thomason Ontario; provinces ond Commonweolth Countries, $18.00 per yeor. U.S.A, and foreign $27.00 per yeer. FRET RRRTINTS viii i BUILDERS BUSY safety research throughout the country, and would represent Can- ada in this field in international circles. Such an impartial body would be in a position to enaure that motor vehicles; either built in Can- ada or imported, comply with Cana- dian engineering and safety stan- dards. The research centre would also provide information required by federal, provincial and municipal agencies to establish motor vehicle standards, national codes of prac- tice and regulations relating to road-worthiness. It would serve to develop a better understanding of the driving task through studies of the ability of mind and body to perform this func- tion, and this would be related to driver training procedures, As The St. Catharines Standard comments, research would be wor- thy in that it could pinpoint the cause of accidents and if, as indi- cated, the driver is the cause of ac- cidents, that fact can be remedied through more frequent driving tests, compulsory safe driving study and driver training. With Grace Thus it was that while expressing the utmost satisfaction over the news that the United Church of Canada had approved the principles of union with the Anglican Church, he cautioned that "this is only a be- ginning; there's a long way to go." Similarly, before he announced the imminent naming of a commis- sion to represent the Anglican Com- munion in dialogue with the Roman Catholic Church he reminded a in convictions keeping the two churches separate were deeply held, He conceded that one of the most contentious matters to be faced in the United Church--Anglican merg- er movement was the question of the ordination of women, aecepted by the United Church, but not by the Anglicans. The Archbishop showed that he didn't favor the practice, but on the other hand ex- pressed the opinion that women could very properly and usefully be elected to select vestries. The Archbishop just about broke up the conference with one of his comments. He had been asked if the fact that the United Church of Canada was considered to be a "dry" church would be a difficulty in bringing about a merger with the Anglicans. Slowly and with a wide- ly developing grin, he said it might be hoped that union would make the Anglicans "less wet" and the "United Church 'less dry'." OTTAWA REPORT Martin Proposa! Valued By Thant OTTAWA--When I had s long private talk with U Thant in his office at the United Nations headquarters six months ago, I. sensed his lack of enthusiasm to undertake a second five-yean term as secretary-general of the masld avwaniwatian Ha naw has announced his decision to retire from the $65,000-a-year post; this seems to me to be entirely in keeping with his towering integrity and great humbleness.° Rather than fail in the most important but almost superhu- man task which confronts him ~healing the escalating threat to world peace in Viet Nam-- he would move out, and mod- estly hope that a more able successor might fulfil that task. But the large majority of members of the United Nations --which of course does not in- clude Communist China -- re- gard the wholly sincere and impressively serene U Thant as exceptionally suited to his present job, and impossible to be bettered at this time. So there is a widespread determi- nation to persuade the reluctant diplomat to stay at his post. MARTIN'S PLEA Burma's U Thant has a very high respect for Canada's Hon. Paul Martin, our secretary of state for External Affairs. Fur- ther, Mr. Martin's proposal for ending the Viet Nam war-- which also has not yet begun to succeed in its aim--is neverthe- less highly valued by U Thant, He told me in our conversation that he welcomed the Martin plan as 'the best possibility. we have before us today for mov- ing towards a_ settlement." So if there is any single man who might be able to persuade U Thant that his continuing services are needed at the UN, I believe that man is Paul Mar- tin. A hopeful development is that Mr. Martin has been dis- cussing a possible reconsidera- tion with U Thant by phone, and plans to meet him pri- vately in New York next week to pursue this further. A rea- sonable guess is that U Thant will. accept Mr. Martin's pro- posal that he should extend his service by an interim reappoint- ment for two years, rather than the normal five. Meanwhile speculation inev- itably circulates on a possible new appointment if the serene U Thant proves adamant, Can- among the neutral or uncom: mitted nations; for 'instant the Russians would 'omati- cally veto a United States can- didate, just as the U.S. would veto a Pseian. Then there are fringe. objec- fiane auch ae wae aeen when a single vote--the Russian veto-- blocked the appointment of- Candad's. Lester Pearson as successor to the first secretary- general, Norway's Trygve Lie, in 1953; this was done presum- "ably because Canada is a close ally of the U.S. The balance of power within the UN now tips towards the Asian-African na- tions, so it may be a long time before, another Westerner is picked. Nevertheless various distinguished diplomats from such countries as Austria and Finland have been mentioned, NESBITT'S NOMINEE The most intriguing and far from foolish suggestion I have heard comes from Wally Nes- bitt, the Conservative MP from Woodstock, who has been Ca- nadian representative at sey- eral sessions of the UN' Gen- eral Assembly. Wally com- mented to me that "one of the most competent operators [ have ever seen at UN" .was head of the Swedish delegation, who achieved considerable suc- cess there through tact, energy and personal charm, That per- son, now Sweden's ambassador to Yugoslavia, is an attractive blonde in her middle 50s named Agda Rossel. While Mrs, Rossel won a high respect among the top delegates from other countries, she is not a diplomats' diplo- mat, because she is a recent political appointee by Sweden's Labor government, who spent her earlier years as a_hair- dresser in Stockholm rather than as an apprentice to the career of diplomat. Maybe a woman would. fit that difficult post well, and another ouistanding woman. dip- lomat whose name could not be overlooked also comes from Sweden. This is Mrs. Alva Myrdal, wife of the famous professor, Gunnar Myrdal, and herself well - known and re- garded highly for her work with agencies of the UN. But, while tipping my hat to the ladies, I would still prefer more of U Thant. And may he succeed in that essential task of bringing a teetering world didates tend to be looked for back to its senses and peace. U.S. Probe Of Earth's Core Scrapped For Space Race By ARCH MacKENZIE WASHINGTON (CP) -- Oper- ation Mohole, the United States' plan to drill for the first time into the mysteries of the earth's core, has become 'Operation Nohole." Congress has shelved the pro- posed budget of $19,700,000 for the next phase--and apparently killed the whole 'project. The end came as the U.S. pushed on with its multi-billion- dollar space program which could land men on the moon as early as 1968. It was in effect another victory for the space addicts in the perpetual strug- gle here for federal funds. It was another setback, too, for the view succinctly put a few years ago by a Professor Athelstan Spilhaus of the Uni- versity of Minnesota that '"'the ocean's bottom is certainly as attractive as the moon's back- side." The U.S. is moving ahead under the ocean--for defence and future economic benefits-- with research into its continental shelf. Growth of such work un- der a newly-established national council on marine resources and engineering development paral- lels that. conducted in recent years on the west flank of the Canadian Arctic islands. AIMED AT LAND But Operation Mohole, con- ceived first in 1957, was aimed at the foundations of the soil from which men are preparing to advance ever farther into space. From.a huge platform. stabi- lized by six motors, 120 miles northeast of Honolulu, drilling equipment was to have been lowered into nearly 15,000 feet of ocean to start a 12-inch hole through the earth's crust. After 18,000 feet of drilling, it was hoped, the first evidence of the earth's core would have been brought to the human eye, as well as important new evi- dence of the rocks forming t crust around the earth's inne' mantle. FO EM win QUARRELLING BIGGER THAN ONTARIO, QUEBEC SLL | Sudan Rickety Bridge To Negro Africa Whn Sudan became Inde- pendent in 1956 it was ex- pected to become a link be- tween the black African and the Middle Eastern Arab. The problems that made the bridge a precarious one are explored in this story by a Canadian Press reporter. By CARL MOLLINS KHARTOUM (CP) -- Su- danese leaders ate fond of describing their country as a bridge between the Arab Mid- die East and Negro Africa. But the bridge is too rickety to use because the builders have been quarrelling among themselves. The idea of Sudan as a bridge is based on geography- race and hope. Territorially, the million- square-mile country (bigger than Quebec and Ontario com- bined) reaches from the Arab world's Sahara and the Red Sea to the hills and rain for- ests of equatorial Africa Racially, the Sudanese are @ mixture ranging from no- madic, camel-breeding Arabs to cattle-fancying Nilotic Ne- groes. More than a dozen dis- tinctive peoples live between, But. basically the northern three - quarters of Sudan is Arab and Moslem, the south- ern quarter is Negro and pagan, with perhaps 290,000 Christians Hopefully, independence in 1956 was to make Sudan a mation that would stand as an example of racial harmony in Africa and possibly reach out to become an arbiter and link between the emergent nations of black Africa and the Arab world. Old suspicions and new fears intervened to spoil the hopes. Even before independ- ence day Jan. 1, 1956, south- ern elemements in the army _ mutinied and Negro political leaders agitated against domi- nation by the north. The secessionist rebellion in the three southern provinces still causes suffering, provokes po- litical bitterness, drains the economy and sours relations with Sudan's neighbors. The blame is spread around liberally, although the hopeful sign is that some leaders on both sides now spend more time talking about a settle- ment than in exchanging epi- thets History may be the main culprit, For hundreds of years, until the British took charge at the end of the last century, Arab slavers harassed the southern tribes and left a legacy of hatred. The British get some blame for insulating the south from the north. The idea originally was to protect the southern Negroes from their ancient enemies, The result was to halt the southward epread of Islam, substitute Christian missionaries and intensify the differences within the coun try. The separation of north end south persisted for 50 years: A Khartoum merchant recalis that even 15 years ago it took him three months to get permission for a com- mercial trip to a southern city. The southern leaders-- themselves now divided into factions---say they were be- trayed at independence by the imposition of a northern-domi- nated administration under a unitary system of government after it had been agreed the south would have a measure of self-determination. Northerners respond that the southern mission schools had failed to produce enough trained southerners to run the region so Moslems had to take over when the British de- parted; Rebellion forestalled peacefiil debate on a perma- nent constitution. Further, the argument against a loose federation is strong. The secessionist mal- ady is catching: Northern tribes such as the Nuba and Beja have been agitating for more autonomy, A European diplomat with long experience in Khartoum says Sudan "must have a strong central government if it is not to fly apart into a series of tribal states,"' But the evidence is power- ful that the Khartoum gov- ernment has shown high- handedness at least, brutality at most, in dealing with the south, especially under the tilitary regime that governed from 1958 till 1964. Even since the return of civilian govern- ment--notably in the summer of 1965--the army, with or without government approval, is admitted by both sides to have massacred southerners in Juba, Wau and Warajuok. Travel in the south is re- stricted because of war, Esti- mates of numbers killed range from hundreds to thou- sands to tens of thousands. The clash of Islam and Christianity has been a major factor. Some southern Chris- tians point to Khartoum's ex- pulsion of Western mission- aries after independence as evidence that northern Sudan- ese--the most fervent Mos- lems outside Saudi Arabia-- were eager for spiritual as well as physical domination, Northerners such as Social Affairs Minister Abdul Latif respond that foreign mission- aries were an. alien influence inconsistent with the program of "Sudanization."' Others link the missionaries with Western imperialism or, at least, with encouraging southern separ- atism. But Northern leaders still let slip revealing and -- to some of their colleagues--em- barrassing comments like one recently by Hadi el Mahdi, uncle of the present prime minister: "Sudan constitutes the Islamic Arab spearhead in Africa, and the peaceful invading vanguard in the un- explored areas of Airica." si ag Palins BR Bina 'LOOK ATTENTIVE, EDITH' CANADA'S STORY Cunard Line Founded By BOB BOWMAN Joseph Howe, the great Nova Scotian statesman who won the fight for freedom of the press when he was a young newspaper. editor, also played a big part in the founding of the famous Cunard steamship service. Until 1838, the. British Post Office and Admiralty operated a fleet of armed packets to transport mail between Fal- mouth, England, and North America, They carried a few passengers, and Joseph Howe was among a group of Cana- dians who sailed from Halifax in the Tyrian in Aprii, 1636. fie was making his first trip to Britain to study political and social methods, and also urge legislative action for respon- sible government for the Brit- ish North American colonies. Half-way. across the Atlantic the slow sailing-ship was over- taken by one of the first steam- ships, the Sirius, outward bound from New York. Actually the Sirius had only managed to get to New York by burning her wooden masts for fuel, but even so she was a great improve- ment on the old mail packets. Howe realized that the faster steamships would lead to all mail from Britain being sent to Canada via New York. When he got to London Howe had an interview with Lord Glenelg. the Colonial Sec- retary, and urged him to re- place the '"'coffin brigs" with steamships and help consoli- date the Empire. The result was that Lord Glenelg issued a statement on September 14, 1838, that a new steamship service would be organized. It was then that Samuel Cunard took his first steps to found his great trans-Atlantic TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Sept. 14, 1966... Marquis Louis Joseph de Montcalm, commander of the French forces in Can- ada, died 207 years ago to- day--ini759--of wounds 'suf- fered during the battle of the Plains of Abraham the day before. He did not live to see Quebec surrender to the British. Montcalm had been sent to Canada, aged 44, only, three years before and had destroyed two Brit- ish forts and won the bat- tle of Ticonderoga in 1758. His wife was a connection of the Talon family. 1778 -- Benjamin Frank- lin became the United States' first ambassador, as- signed to Paris. 1812 -- Napoleon entered Moscow. . First World Wa _ Fifty years ago today--in 1916 -- Russian aircraft bombed a German hydro- plane base in the Gulf of Riga; on the Salonika front, British approached Vandar and Serbians approached Monastir; 'the seventh hat- tle of the Isonzo, on the Austro-Italian front, began. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day -- in 1941 -- a convoy reached Britain after -los- ing eight ships to subma» rines in the Atlantic; a Dutch submarine sank a 6.000 + ton supply ship in the Mediterranean; Rus sians destroyed eight Ger man ships attempting a landing on Oesel Island. service. He was a Halifax mer- chant who operated a fleet of mail packets serving the Maris times, Boston, Bermuda, and Newfoundland. Cunard rushed to London. and got the con- tract for the trans-Atlantic mail service by offering to build new ships, and operate a fort- nightly service. The first Cunard steamship was the Unicorn, 700 tons and it began trans-Atlantic service in May, 1840. Many famous Cunarders have followed Mau- retania, Aquitania, and then the great Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth. Unicorn was 700 tons. The Queen Mary, which made its maiden voyage in 1936, dis- places 70,000 tons! OTHER EVENTS ON SEPTEMBER 14: 1535--Jacques Cartier discover- ed Stadacona (Quebec) on second voyage to Canada 1629--David Kirke sailed back to England taking Cham- plain as a prisoner after having captured Quebec in July 1763--British defeated by Sena- cas at Devil's Hole 1853--First sod turned by Lady Head at Saint John, N.B., for European and North American Railroad 1866--British Columbia received news that Vancouver Is- land and the mainland would be united as one colony. The union was proclaimed on November 1 1880---Agreement for construc- tion of the CPR was sign- ed in London 1926--Liberals won general election with 128 seats, Conservatives, 91, Progres- sives 26. juin setiennnnenttotn Rack Canadian Contributes 50 Cents Each Year To EMO By CARMAN CUMMING OTTAWA (CP)--Each year Canadians, aside from their other insurance spending, put up an average $1 apiece for insurance against the effects of nuclear war. Of that $1, about 50 cents goes to pay for the operation of the Emergency Measures Organization, the government agency set up nine years ago to plan what to do if the worst happens. Since civil defence is hardly a burning issue now, the agency is concentrating much of its planning and work on peacetime disasters. But its main reason for existence still is the slight but real chance that Canada could be hit by nuclear lightning. What are Canadians getting for their dollar a year? One thing they are not get- ting is guaranteed protection. No one in EMO pretends that Canada has anything but the most basic plans for dealing with nuclear disaster. There is nothing to com- pare, say, with the sophisti- cated shelter system in Swe- den, At best estimates, not one Canadian in 1,000 has fallout protection facili- ties available. FOUR-POINT PROGRAM What Canadians do get is this: --Some advice, if they want it, on how to prepare for nu- clear attack and what to do if it comes. --Plans and facilities to keep governments going in wartime, --Aid to provinces, and through them to municipali- ties, to develop disaster serv- ices. --Training for several thou- sand Canadians whose posi- tion would give them special responsibilities in wartime. "Our purpose is.to have a simple, basic but complete plan for dealing with a war- time situation," says C, R. (Pat) Patterson, director-gen- eral of EMO J. F. Wallace, director of program implementation, says Canadian civil defence plans are "'minimal, but rea- sonable in the total context of defensive effort.' In peacetime disasters, suct as the Manitoba flood thi: spring and the Ottawa bridge collapse Aug. 19, EMO work ers act as co - ordinators, bringing in specialists and equipment as necessary. They take care--as_ they would in wartime--not to dou- ble up on existing services or to "provide a police force in addition to a police force.'"' "We're not trying to over- step provincial or municipal organizations," says Mr. Pat- terson, EMO has. 175 staff members and operates on a annual budget of about $10,000,000-- about half the total amount of public spending on emergency measures. Most of the appropriation goes toward contributions to provincial and municipal fa- cilities, from fire pumpers to emergency field kitchens. Some of the equipment is used and some of it stored, At the moment, for example, 200 These recommendations. sug- gest establishment of a regional council with four city councils bg nam borough councils un- ler it. ¢ Under the proposals the Niagara regional government would be along the same lines as the regional government in Metro Toronto. : However it has more fi cance for the province at large in that it would cover a mich larger physical area, and would be administering a combined urban-rural area. Metro Tor- onto is almost entirely urban. BEST YET ° * Time will see how «this evolves. But in the meantime there should be a word of praise for the Mayo report. It is in my opinion--and it's an. opinion I am sure will be shared -- the best report we have bad to date in this field of municipal organization. It is well reasoned and ft is practical. Unlike the Goldenberg report on Metro Toronto it doesn't duck controversial points through either, cliches or cur- sory opinions. 4 And, unlike the Jones report on Ottawa and Carleton County, it isn't so far out, so extreme, in its recommendations that it is automatically unacceptable to the local people, FRANKLY STATED As just one example of this report's frank, and down-to- earth approach, there is this comment on county councils: ° "Beeves are elected on town and township issues (if on any)' they are like "ambassadors" to the county council and often, in fact, behave as though they represent sovereign states."' The reasoning in the report and there is a great wealth of it--is all stated in clear terms such as this. Among its other virtues, it is highly readable. Certainly it Is a report to be studied by anyone with a direct interest or strong concern in municipal matters. When you read it you can feel quite strangly it will be : key document in our municipal future. being set up in hours into a complete 200-bed hospital. For provincial and muni- cipal projects. with little use except in wartime, Ottawa puts up 75 per cent of the cost. The federal contribution is less if the project has a peacetime use. In the 1964-65 fiscal year, projects worth nearly $8,000,- 000 were approved, and the federal government pul up $5,000,000 of this. WORK IN TEAMS On. the training side, EMO maintains the Canadian Emergency Measures College at Arnprior, Ont., which of- fers more than 30 kinds of short courses each year. The one- and two « week courses range widely from basic training to highly spe- cialized work on radiation, and the trainees vary accordé ingly -- from housewives to city fathers, and from police- men to scientists. Principal Wallace E, Gar- ber says trainees work in teams on problems resem- bling as closely as possible the kind of thing they might face in wartime. "Even if we don't teach them anything--and [ think emergency field hospitals are each capable of The 5th "C" Of Saving COMMON SENSE: meaning that now is « goed time to be setting aside money just im case. At present, conditions generally are unsettled, to say the least and people who have money on deposit at 442% (Like OUR saving depositors) ore realizing the full benefit of the first 4 C's of savings os well. THESE ARE: COMFORT: that feeling thot comes from knowing that you have cash available when you need it. CONVENIENCE: Longer saving hours daily and all day Saturday, CONFIDENCE:: Knowing that you are receiving the best rate of interest paid more often. CENTRAL ONTARIO TRUST: deoling with a COM. MUNITY Trust Company, local savings invest- ment growth. Central Ontario Trust & Savings Corporation 19 SIMCOE ST. N. OSHAWA, 723-5221 23. KING ST. W. BOW MANVILLE 623-322) we do--the exchanges _ tween them are worth while," be-