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She Oshawa Cimes Published by Canadion Newspapers Limited 66 King St. E., Gahawe, Ontarie T. L. Wilson, Publisher TUESDAY, JULY 26, 1966 -- PAGE 4 Political Internship Proposed For Ottawa A system of political intertiship, to give young Canadians practical experience.in the workings of the federal government, has been pro- posed by Alfred D. Hales, MP for Wellington South. He believes that a system, similar to that employed in the United States Congress, would not only be of benefit to the interns, but also to members of parliament. His plan would pro- vide a number of fellowships each year in which political science and law students and journalists would spend six to nine months working with a back bench, MP of their choice. i "The program is intended to bring young students and journalists into close contact with the day to day work of the Commons 60 they can learn at first hand how the legislative process really works," Mr. Hales explains. "After a brief orientation period, they would settle down to work directly with mem- bers." Under the Hales' plan, those chosen would be paid a fair living wage out of a fund established by the government or by the govern- ment and a foundation, A $1 million fund invested at six per cent would provide sufficient money to bring about a dozen interns to Ottawa each year, A similar program has operated successfully in the United States since 1953 and is financed by 4 number of foundations, For a long time, members of par- liament have complained that they cannot keep up with the amount of work and reading that faces them, They find it almost impossible to concentrate on even one. or two fields in order to become expert in them, In the past year, parliament has established a special research in the parliamentary library. While this is of some assistance, Mr. Hales feels this service is too impersonal and not as much value as an intern working closely with an MP, "The intern would be better qua- lified for his own profession when he returned to his field of work, Also many people entertain the idea they may themselves run for office as members of the federal house, If they did and were elected, the political interns would be better equipped for their duties after spending a working period here," the Guelph MP argues, Austerity Back In U.K. The austerity program launched Wednesday in Britain by the Prime Minister probably is the bitterest pill any democratic country ever has been called upon to swallow in peacetime. Yet, as The Welland Tribune says there is little doubt anywhere as to the need for it, Even among its foes -- they are many and will become vigorously vocal both within Mr. Wilson's Labor party and outside it -- there is acceptance of its purpose if not its method. Among students The Oshawa Times T, L. WILSON, Publisher &. C, PRINCE, General Manager C. J, MeCONECHY, Editor The Oshawe Times combining The Oshawa Times \estadlished 1871) and the itpy Gazette and chronicle (established 1863) is published. daily {Sundeys and Stetutary holidays excepted) Members of Canadien Daily Newspaper Publish- tra Association, The Canadian' Press, Audit Bureau of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial 'Dailies Association, The Canadian Press is exclusively entitled to the use of republication of all news despetched in the paper credited to it or to The Associcted Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein, All rights of special des- Detches are clso reserved Offices; Thomson Buliding, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Catheart Street, Montreal, P.O SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, *ickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, <iverpee!, Taunten, Tyrone, Dunbarton. Enniskillen, Sreno, Leskerd, Brougham. Burketon, Claremont, Manchester, Pontypoc!, and Newcastle not over S5¢ per week. By mai! in Province of Ontario outside corrier delivery creo, $15.00 per year Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, 8.00 per year. USA. and foreign $27.00 per rr. of economics the chief question he- ing asked is whether the policy is tough enough; not hewther it is too tough. The answer to that one, of course, will have to arise out of the atti- tude of the British people -- the great mass of them, with few in their numbers equipped to grasp what is involved in the determina- tion to avert the devaluation of the pound --- the ones who have been lulled so Jong by the thought of "You've never had it so good" that they have been left. with little un- derstanding of how financial! crises arise or the fearful final toll they can take, These are the people who now must face what they will regard as severe deprivations -- something more than extremely high taxes, other curbs on their buying, and a freeze on their wages, among the immediate effects --- and the pros- pect of the reshaping of their posi- tion within the economy, and of the economy itself, It is the manner in which they respond to these things, says The Tribune, even more than the quick results produced by Mr. Wilson's tightening of almost the mone- tary and fiscal screws at his com- mand, that will determine what lies ahead for Britain. mit fi OTTAWA REPORT Advice Of Brass Worth Hearing By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA -- 'Every private goldier carries in his knapsack a field-marshal's baton," said Napoleon, illustrating the op- portunity for promotion, What he wisely did not suggest was that every private is also a potential cabinet minister. The reason why is perhaps shown by the troubles which have followed the promotion of Private Hellyer to be minister of defence: The troubles stem from Hellye:'s methods of inte- grating the three armed forces. He argues that integration 'will be easier from a management standpoint," but lifetime mem- bers of the forces argue that this is damaging morale and that Hellyer has not shown how this can. make man a_ better fighter ' When Hellyer continued to bulldoze his plans through, Can- ada was suddenly hit by the unprecedentec 'revolt of the admirals,' As a fesult, one admiral--and also two generals --were prematurely pensioned off earlier this month; four more admirals are on their way out; and retired admirals and generals have joined the chorus of criticism If this was only a revolt of the brass-hats, the politicians might shrug it off, But the fact is that the admirals are the last to leave the sinking ship: the rate of retirements from all three forces in the last two years, especially among offi- cers, is unprecedented in peace- time, This rush to desert the colors has only been exceeded in the great post-war demobil- izations, It is not prompted by a desire to go back to civvy street, for many of those retir- ing have just moved across the street to continue serving Can- ada-in the department of in- dustry or the department of defence production, WILL HELLYER COMMAND? Hellyer says he is fighting to ensure civilian control of the military, so that politicians shall decide the policy and not the brass, So they should. But they should listen to the advice of brass more experienced in service matters than them- selves. Failure to do s0, in ane other recent case, led to ale tempts by generals to murder an ex-corporal who, as a poli- tician, was insisting on fighting the war and was making disas- trous mistakes, Will we see Hellyer Playing tiat Hitler role ina World War? Of course not, Then he should take the advice in peacetime of the brass who will have to control his intes grated monster in war, Every rookie cabinet minister listens to the advice of his experienced permanent rai Hellyer should do the sa ADMIRALS VERSUS AIRMAN The minister who now is in conflict with the admirals did not himself have extensive sery- ice experience, When. he first entered Parliament, he der scribed himself as "merchant' and amplified this later as president of Mari-Jane Fashe ions, a Toronto dress shop. After a few years, he added "served in Royal Canadian Air Force and Royal Canadian Ar- tillery 1944-1045."" He is said to have been 'Private Hellyer, P.T,"'--an honorable rank, but not carrying the experience of those many courageous perma- nent officers who, as a matter of principle, have resigned pre- maturely as their only way of protesting against policies which they believe to be dame aging to the morale and fight- ing efficiency of our armed forces. The brass, strong and right What Canadians must have is a full explanation of the whole dispute, Hellyer has spoken; let the admirals, the top sea- dogs of the traditionally "silent service,"'.also unseal their lips and tell their story Is morale, and efficiency, falling? Until the admirals speak, only circumstantial con- clusions can be drawn, That is insufficient evidence on which to demand that 'Hellyer must o."' But the fact that so many have gone from our armed forces must worry us vole of course, may be Hellyer may be Britons Leave Homeland, Attracted By Offers Abroad By JOSEPH MacSWEEN Canadian Press Staff Writer Britons appear to be leaving in a thickening stream for new homes in Canada and elsewhere as the mother country's story of economic woe grows and grows. Occasionally, brief storms blow up in the newspapers over some new evidence of the "brain drain"--perhaps a bril- liant young scientist heading for bigger pay in America, perhaps an eminent doctor But little if anything is. heard about the himbler folk who pack up their belongings and head across the seas, lured by opportunities of education, homes and better pay. They're not classed as a brain drain, but they're a drain just the same Critics tend to blame the so- cialist government for the cur- rent flow. But a Canadian im- migration spokesman in London emphasized Wednesday the in- creased promotional activities of Canada and other countries, The Tory Evening Standard, a London newspaper, after a check with high commissioners and embassies, says: "It Jooks as if emigration from Britain will reach a news high this year,"' "It also seems clear that emigration figures can, to a large extent, be directly related to the political and economic sil- uation, At the beginning of last year, in the early days of the Labor government, emigration statistics were down on those for 1964, "But emigration increased so rapidly later in the year that almost all the receiving coun- tries took more British mi- grants in 1965 as a whole than in 1964," Queried about this, a Cana- dian spokesman said that where emigration growth is found, you will also invariably find promo- tion by the receiving country. Canada for instance, had con- siderably increased its promo- tional activities, The current outflow is nothing like the flood that occurred fol- lowing the Suez disaster of 1956, when a Conservative govern- ment was in power. Canada took 108,000 immigrants in 1957 in comparison with 50,000 the pre- vious year The number dropped to a low of 11,000 in 1961, then began to rise again, reaching, 29,000 in 1964 and 40,000 in 1965 "T will be surprised if "it doesn't reach 45,000 this year," the spokesman said. "In fact, I wouldn't be surprised to see it reach 46,000, 47,000 or 48,000," 'DECLINE OF AN EMPIRE VI POWER ONLY HOLD Cultural Ties Few With Soviet Union Nations of Communist Eastern Europe respect the Soviet Union's military and political might but few cul- tural ties have developed over the years. John Best, Canadian Press correspond. ent in Moscow, describes the relationship as seen in a tour of the region. By JOHN BEST Canadian Press Staff Writer Russia's position in Eastern Europe is based on power-- military, political and eco- nomic If cultural leanings were the criterion, most of the coun- tries would long since have slipped away from Moscow domination and tied their des- tinies to the West On a journey through East ern Europe one is continu ously struck by the lack of any deep-rooted popular at tachment to Russia or the Russians as a people The Russian image is sO much sinister --althouzh various countries have had cause down through the ages to fear its military mizht--as Opaque. To the peoples of Eastern Europe, Russia resents almost as much of an enigma as to the people of the West Their a summed told me Sians have ent outlooks The feeling, or lack of feel- not rep up b3 We completely who and th differ- ing, is equally pronounced among Slavic peoples such as the Poles, Czechs and Yugo- slavs as among non-Slav Hun- garians and Romanians FEEL SUPERIOR All have a peculiar tendency -- often rather rude --to look down their noses at the great colossus to the East, whose culture they consider inferior to their own The one exception is the Bulgarians, who consider themselves the purest of all Slavs and apparently feel a By genuinely warm kinship to the Russians. This is based at least in large measure on still-felt gratitude to Russia for liberating Bulgaria from centuries of Turkish rule in the 1870s Also, having been the most backward of all the Soviet- bloc countries, Bulgaria takes great pride in its latter-day industria] development, which has been powerfully assisted and to a large degree. master- minded by the Soviet Union The other peoples look pri- marily westward. The cul- of tural influences to which they are exposed come primarily from the West. If they think of travelling abroad it's to the West that they dream of The people hanker after Western clothes. West- ern pop records and Western pocket books. Italian movies few and put ity sory ness young stiff, Writers make abreast ments in the West, it a ern writers in their own work, In conversations with prom. inent writers both in Belgrade Prague, | names of a temporary and playrights being outstanding -- Anouilh, lonescu, Salinger contrast cidedly the contemporary literary out- on from Russia--and positively Soviet literary as socialist relism most languages among school chil dren in Eastern Europe are English German sian trails behind in popular- but this may in part The But all Western Hundreds of tourists stream into the East- ern states zo Competition for tourist busi the greatest as can be seen from the expensive display European in travel sections of big West and. intellectuals point to keep of literary develop- and not a influenced by West- the heard the long list of con Western writers reeled off as Marquand, Miller, Steinbeck, Osborne, they were de- unenthusiastic about were the known disdainful of school popular foreign and running French, with third. Rus- be at least because it is comul currencies mentary until pelled by nomic form FE Incredible as it may seem, one seldom encounters a Rus- Sian tourist in a part of the world supposedly tied to Rus- Sia by the closest of fraternal bonds Those travel go in train tours, fortunate can hope to get a booking in one of these The idea of a single couple going in a car is virtually un known, heen reports in Moscow that this sible What is tours by members of automo bile clubs Is an tronic come on a system which, recently, always gave impression of being re- the notion of eco- competition in any WRUSSIAN TOURISTS Russians who do groups, usually highly-organized bus or but only the most although there have will soon become pos- possible is group But all have to be cleared with the Russian po influence inculcate tourism thousands of serving to ideas is every year very real and very not ads East countries sponsor lice aries are filed the specified night Westerners tend to assume that the first, and. strict under must places on itiner which stay in specified caravan reason Russians are permitted to travel abroad ts that the authorities don't exposed and want them to become to alien influences compare conditions in areal! the rage for grownups as well as youth. ern newspapey Such pean, after foreign other countries with those at home * CANADA'S STORY All Lost On Arctic Trek By BOB BOWMAN One of the most outstanding Arctic explorers was Sir John Franklin, a British naval officer whose expedition was last seen on July 26, 1845, at the entrance to Lancaster Sound, He had two well-equipped ships, Terror and Erebus, and had sailed from Bri- tain in May of that year. It took 14-years of searching by many expeditions before it was learned what had happened, One of the searching parties under Captain McClure discovered the North West Passage After spending the winter of 1845 - 1846 at Beechey Island, North Devon, Franklin follow- ed a route that had been char- tered in Britain. He navigated Pee! and Franklin Straits south: ward, but was stopped by ice coming down M'Cliintock Chae nnel, The ships were held there fram September 1846, and Frank lin died the following June The survivors stayed in the Erebus and Terror until April, 1848, and then decided to try to trek overland, Not a single man survived. Eskimos saw them trying to make their way over the ice, dying as they walked The story of Franklin's death, and the hardships endured by the survivors for another year, was Jearned when documents were found under a cairn at Victory Point. It outlined the history of the expedition until April 25, 1848 Franklin put in extensive training for the assault on the Arctic, It included three years in northern Canada, including a 5,500 mile trek overland from Coppermine River to Hudson Bay, After exploring the Are- tie coast Frank aidthat he was confident that there was a North West Passage, and that strong ships would be able 'putin gern dr utter win TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS July 26, 1966 Fidel C astro. and a small band of Cuban rebels at- tacked the Encada bar ks at Santiago de Cuba 13 vears ago today--in 1953 but were defeated and cap tured. Castro served a prison term and launched a new invasion in 1956 from Mexico. From a handful of men he built up an under ground network which de stroyed the morale of the supporters of Cuban dictator --F--CIO Batista, who fled the country late in 1958 After relations with the United States were severed, Castro set about rebuilding Cuba on Communist lines 1778 -- Benjamin Franklin became the first American postmaster-general 1891--France annexed Ta- hiti First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1918 British troops won control of Pozieres on the Albert-Bapaume road; Rus sia broke German resist ance on the River Sloniovka but was counter-attacked in the north Secdnd World War Twenty-five years ago to day--in 1941 -- Japan occu pied French naval and air bases in Indochina by agree ment with Vichy; the Philip pines military forces were incorporated into the U.S command, Axis torpedo boats raided Valletta Malta, but were begten off and 17 destroyed. BACKFIRE to get through the At one stage of his career, Franklin had been lieutenant- governor of Van Dieman's Land in. Tasmania, where British convicts were sent, While there he established a college at Ho- bart, When Franklin was re- ported missing, the colony of Tasmania sent Lady Franklin 1,700 pounds to finance a search, She went on one ex- pedition herself, and tried to get to the Arctic by sailing up the Fraser River, It got nowhere, of course, but was stopped by a huge rock now called 'Lady Franklin's Rock" tR- EVENTS ON JULY 26: 1664--Sovereign Council fixed prices of commodities British captured French ship 'La Seine' carry. ing one million francs, Bishop St. Vallier, a pase Senger, was taken prison- er 1757---General Montcalm defeat- ice 1705-- « ae ed British at Lake George 1811----Selkirk colonists led by Miles Macdonell sailed from Scotland for Red River. They arrived at Hudson Bay September 24 and had to stay there for the winter 1881--C. P,R. transcontinental reached Winnipeg. The first train from Fort Wil- liam came through in March, 1882 1886--Arrival of ship "W, B, Flint' at. Part Moody, B.C,, enabled C.P.R. to advertise a_ service ar: ound the world in 80 days for $600, 1923---President Harding of U.S.A. visited Vancouver. He was the first presi- % dent to visit Canada dure ing his term of: office. 1936--King. Edward VIII (now Duke of Windsor) unveil- ed Canadian memorial at Vimy Ridge. ¥ WASHINGTON CALLING Most Dangerous Stage To Date Seen Viet Nam Ry GORDON DONALDSON WASHINGTON (TNS) The war in Viet Nam has reached its most: dangerous stage yet, So what else is new? Commentators and nists make this kind of ment every week and every week it is true But no one rushes fer--the-bemb shelters The economy is barrelling along; having achieved an un- heard-of amount of leisure, Americans are now frantically trying to relax and enjoy it, Viet Nam dominates the na- tional news but the national news is a bore Crises, real and contrived, have come and. gone without truly exciting the great corn- fed masses who live no more than a fall-out sprinkle from Washington Lyndon Johnson and his team of Pollyannas, doomsayers, jugglers and tumblers try man- fully to get the Viet Nam show on the road EFFORT QUESTIONED Rul afler two years of dis cordant trumpeting the admin- istration has yet to convince its own supporters, let alone the rest of the world, that the cost ly American effort is either justified or well-intentioned, Now the chance has come The government of - North Viet Nam threatens to try cap: tured American flyers for al+ leged war crimes. Leaders of all shades of American opinion believe 'this could be the glow of real war fever Senate majority leader Mike Mansfield, who is Johnson's chief lieutenant in congress but nevertheless opposes the war, says if the flyers are tried and executed Americans will rise up to demand the obliteration of North Viet Nam The Viet Nam war has been a catalogue of atrocities: from the start. The Viet Cong slice up village. chiefs, the South Vietnamese torture prisoners The U.S. marines burn villages The U.S. airforce poisons crops and leaves -hundreds homeless and starving every day ADVISERS SUFFER But atrocities against Amer! cans have been relatively few and have not been played up by the press although U.S. mili- tary advisers in remote villages colum state- have been emasculated and dis- embowelled Public executions are com mon in Viet Nam, Saigon firing squads have killed Viet Cong terrorists and even a Chinese businessman whose chief crime appears to be that he made too much money and bribed or fail- ed to bribe the wrong officials. But execution of Americans could start a blind race among U.S. voters which Johnson could not ignore even if he wanted to Hanoi calls the U.S, bombers 'pirates' and claims that be- cause no official state of war exists they are not protected by the Geneva conventions on treatment of prisoners The U.S. disputes this is not a point ever be decided calmly in court, The legal basis of the U.S, intervention in South Viet Nam and its attack on North Viet Nam is shaky to say the least and no courtesies have been extended to prisoners taken in South Viet Nam, whether Viet Cong or North Vietnamese regulars PRACTICES OUTLAWED The U.S. troops turn their prisoners over to the South Vietnamese forces who either kill them or indoctrinate them and force them to change sides ~ both practices outlawed in Geneva Bluntly stated, in the society in which we live, there is still a big difference between mas- sacring Orientals and execuling a white American airman, The U.S, is using every diplo matic and propaganda device available to tell Hanoi that this would be an awful mistake The threat alone has won jarge this, but that will i gee he QUEEN'S PARK Lawrences Indenendent In PC Caucus TORONTO! py > know too much about the background of the Lawrences but taey must have been a doughty clan. Independence and intelligence seem to shine out from We now have two Lawrences in the house here. We have Allan F. Lawrence whe has been the member for Toronto St. George since 1958, And we have A, B. R. "Bert" Lawrence who has been the member for Russell, in the Ot tawa area, since 1963, Both are Conservatives, And they share between them the distinction of being the most independent members in the ranks of the PC caucus, SHOWED EARLY From his early days in the house, Al Lawrence showed he had a mind of his own and the inclination to express it. At first there was the. sus picion he might be a@ publicity hound---he was a young lawyer building a career, But then he began to ring true and it be- came obvious he was sincere He pioneered such things as putting the liquor licence board chairman, Judge W. T. Robb, through a severe grilling on the granting of a Siquor licence to a Maple Leaf Gardens club and publicly standing up and saying the Police Act amendments of a few years ago should be with drawn, Then along came Bert Laws rence, also a lawyer, And he soon showed that {though he was a loyal party member, loyalty te him didn't mean he had to put his mind and his opinions in a deep freeze He soon began to make some of the most imaginative andin- dependent speeches in the > house, Some of the imagination from time to time was devoted to de- fending policies of the govern: ment, But at other times it covered fresh thought and fresh ideas which were stimulating and not in line with party policy. Typical was one at this last session The house was discussing as- sistance to university students, and he wondered if any thought had been given to paying not only free tuition but also a sale ary to university students, as was done with veterans after the war, The regret with men such as this is that in polities the public probably doesn't get full value from them. Both on their ability would merit cabinet stature, But be» cause of their independence it's doubtful if they will make it, YEARS AGO 20 YEARS AGO duly 26, 1946 Council delayed action on the proposed bridge for south Sim coe street near Lake Ontario, Contract for the straightening of Division - Alice street inter section was awarded by City Council to W. H, Bennett con- struction, Ajax. 35 YEARS AGO July 26, 1931 The system of paying for fire protection in the city, as pro. posed by the PUC to City Couns cil, will be discussed at a meet- ing between the Commission and the Fire Protection com- mittee of Council Monday, Earl Jellicoe will head a Brit- ish Empire League delegation ina visit. to Oshawa Aug. a7. yards for Johnson, His decision to bomb Hanoi and Haiphong bumped up his popularity rat- ing enormously and the war crimes trials, if they are held will boost them still higher at just the right time in a con- gressional election year, The indications now are that Hanoi will play things smart, A bog show trial of downed air- men will be followed by sen- tences to forced labor in the factories their buddies plan to bomb, This is an old tactic, Most armies engaged in convention- al war simply go ahead and kill their own men, But this is not a conventional war. The bombing of North Viet Nam has not been justified by any prac: tical results in South Viet Nam and it has only stiffened North Vietnamese resistance. It could not be. used as a reasonable justification for killing Ameri- cans So Johnson may have to make a deal, But he will have gained more than Ho Chi Minh over the affair of the captured airmen, if he can arouse U.S, public opinion against the North Vietnamese. For, as he tells everyone these days, the war can be lost in Viet Nam only by a weakening of support back home 725-6553 RENT-A-CAR DAY -- WEEK -- MONTH $8.00 PER Bay RUTHERFORD' Ss CAR AND TRUCK RENTALS PLUS LOW MILEAGE CHARGE 14 ALBERT ST, Oshawa r