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{ { f } H } : { i i | She Oshawa Times Published by Conadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawo, Ontario T. L. Wilson Publisher FRIDAY, JULY 15, 1966 -- PAGE 4 . Little Enthusiasm Held For Senate Choices Few have found \the latest ap- pointments to the Senate announced by Prime Minister Pearson worthy of much complimentary comment. Mr. Pearson did little to contribute to the limited distinction to be found within the Senate, says The Welland Tribune. At least several of them have to be regarded primarily as party hacks -- pensioned off as workhorses for the Liberal Party. As an illustration, The Tribune takes the case of Thomas Kickham, named from Souris, P.E.I. Mr. Kickham's chief credential is that he was elected three times to the Parliament starting in 1947 from the riding of Kings. But the other side of that coin is that he subse- quently was rejected in three elec- tions in a row by that same riding. Mr. Kickham's support crumbled among his home people. Leopold Langlois, named Quebec, is another former Liberal member who has been out of office since 1957. from A somewhat better case can be made for other of Mr. Pearson's latest choices. Alan Macnaughton, of Montreal, at least has the back- ground of having served as Speaker in the Commons. He retired volun- tarily and did not contest the last election. ©. W. Carter was sitting member for Burin-Burgeo in New- foundland when named -- has held the seat ever since the province en- tered Confederation. Paul Desruis- seaux, Sherbrooke, is a man of standing as a lawyer, publisher and figure in the broadcasting industry, and James Duggan, of St. John's, Nfld., has long held a position of respect in the labor union move- ment, Yet, says The Tribune, the pres- ence of known political rejects -- men the voters have demonstrated they do not want in office -- in the list of appointees makes it impossi- ble to describe Mr, Pearson's latest batch of Senators as anything bet- ter than a mixed bag. A Non-Nuclear Role? The suggestion from Leonard Beaton of Britain's Institute for Strategic Studies, that this country may be helping the spread of nu- clear weapons, is one for the con- science of the Canadian nation to ponder and for its government to note. Mr. Beaton, speaking in Mont- real, has in mind the nuclear assist- ance Canada gives such countries as India. It is, of course, innocently meant. In fact, Canada is careful to insist that all countries to which it gives such assistance must agree to inspection to insure that what know-how and aid is transmitted is not used for any but peaceful pur- L. WILSON, Publisher &. C. PRINCE, General Manager C. J. MeCONECHY, Editor The Oshawo Times combining The Oshowa Times established 1871) and the Whitby Gozette and shronicie (established 1863) is published daily undoys and Statutary holidays excepted) Mambers of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish- tre Association, The Canadian Press, Audit Bureou at Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association. The Canadion Press is exclusively antitied to the of republication of ail news despatched in t paper credited to it or to The Associoted Press or Reuters, and also the local news published the: . All rights of specicl des- patches are also reserved, Offices: Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcort Street, Montreal, P.Q. SUSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers: in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, *ickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, .iverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Srono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester, Pontypool, and Newcastle not over dutside carrier delivery area, $15.00 per. year. Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, $18.00 per year. U'S.A. and foreign $27.00 per SSe per week By mail in Province of Onteris yeor. However, as The Vancouver Sun says, there is always a grave ques-. tion whether this guarantees any- thing. India, for example, is one of a number of nations which could ac- quire nuclear weapons relatively easily and quickly. The prospect of this happening on even a small scale is frightening. That it is possible should be the ir- resistible spur to the great nuclear powers who wrangle on pointlessly in the 17-nation disarmament con- ference at Geneva. The Sun's suggestion is if Canada were to join with Sweden, Japan and other countries.which, like it, have chosen to remain non-nuclear, and demanded that the nuclear powers accept United Nations trus- teeship over their weapons, there might be an important effect. It is certainly worth trying for it is just possible that public opinion throughout the world is ripe to be gathered in this cause. Other Editors' Views CANADA HOLDS RECORD (Hamilton Spectator) According to the United Nations, Canada has the worst driving re- cord of any country it has studied, We are not a bit surprised. Maybe it's the wide-open spaces, the vast size of the country, that makes the average Canadian be- lieve he has plenty of room on all sides of his car to drive as he pleases. OTTAWA REPORT Cameron Flays 'Bank Monopoly' Fag. By PAT NICHOLSON OTTAWA Hectic Sunday summonses to the prime minis- ter's home and delegations of "unhappy Liberal MPs preceded the introduction of the Bank Act to Parliament last week. In fact John Diefenbaker compared Mr. Pearson's home to the biblical cave of Adullam, in which "the fearful, the uncertain and the afflicted' gathered together. And the outcome of those meet- ings, and threatened resigna- tions by cabinet ministers, led to an explanation by the minis- ter of finance which was de- scribed in Parliament as poppy- cock, malarkey and sheer. non- sense. , Canada's chartered banks op- erate under the authority of the Bank Act, which is renewed for periods of 10 years at a time. lis regular decennial renewal expired on July 1, 1964, but it has been extended no less than three times on an interim basis for the reason, as Finance Min- ister Mitchell Sharp expressed it, that the government wanted to"study the recommendations of the royal commission on banking and finance, popularly known as the Porter Commis- sion." CAMERON CLOBBERS BANKS Our chartered banks, it could well be argued, enjoy a com- fortable gilt-edged bed prepared and protected for them by the government. And this is just how Colin Cameron, New Dem- ocrat MP from Nanaimo, did set about the banks in his re- ply to Mr. Sharp's speech "The banking system of Can- ada is a monopoly,"' he said. "And it has been given a priv- fleged jiosition in our society and our economy, to the degree that no bank in Canada can possibly fail, because no gov- ernment can allow any. bank to fail." Mr. Cameron indicated that he would like to see those priv- ileged monopolies the banks brought before the combines in- vestigation board, on the grounds that, for instance, there is neither variation nor com- petitiveness in the interest rates which they charge. a% Like Mr. Diefenbaker and other MPs who spoke, as well as many borrowing money or, to express it in the sophisticated way, of obtaining credit. By federal law the chartered banks may not charge more than six per cent interest on loans; but in prac- tice the little man too often can- not obtain credit from any char- tered bank, so he is driven to the 'near banks' or finance companies -- not restricted by federal iaw--where he has to pay two or three times that rate of interest. Or, for instance if he seeks a second mortgage to buy a home, he may have to go to the monetary black market and pay 25 or 30 per cent to borrow money. NEED FEDERAL LEAD Speaking to me in his office, Colin Cameron suggested that the federal government should itself get into the banking busi- ness, like Australia etc. It might extend the operations of the Bank of Canada, opening branches across Canada; or it might buy out the Mercantile Bank, owned by a U.S. bank, and thus kill two birds with one stone. This would remove 'the burr under the saddle of the government" in the form of a foreign - controlled bank; it would also give the government a position as a chartered bank which couid act as a yardstick or bell-wether for the banking business The point which surprises me about parliamentary debate on the Bank Act is the MPs' ne- glect of an insult to Parlia- ment. They pass legislation im- posing a limit on the interest which may be charged on loans; they argue about whether that limit should be raised or re- moved. Surely more significant would be to review and end the situation where "near banks" and other loaning businesses can be set up under provincial charters to insult Parliament by making an end-run around its laws, and charge whatever rate of interest the market will bear, Moscow Outbids Peking For Influence With Hanoi By HAROLD MORRISON Canadian Press Staff Writer Caught by political conflict at home, China now is faced with the possibility that its last great bastion of influence in North Viet Nam may be lost to the more affluent Russians who have promised increased mili- tary aid to Hanoi. It seemed just ago that. Peking that its troops were ready to march into the Viet Nam war to teach the Americans a les- son they would never forget. Now China says its troops still are. available, but it might be better if Hanoi depended on "self-reliance." It is evident that ' Peking doesn't want to get deeply in- volved in the Viet Nam _ strug- gle. Undoubtedly one reason is that such involvement would add to the strain on the Chinese economy. Perhaps more signifi- cantly, it might tend to switch vigilance from the home front where the Mao Tse-Tung forces are busy purging their ranks of those reluctant to bow to the Mao image FACTS SCARCE The bamboo curtain prevents a clear understanding of the depth of the internal political elany gest it is perhaps more serious a short time was shouting age IT'S CONTRARY TO WIDELY - HELD BELIEF Refugees Flow West John Best, Canadian Press correspondent in Mos- cow, found on a visit to Austria that, contrary to widely-held belief, the flow of refugees from commu- nism continues at a steady pace. He tells about it in this story. By JOHN BEST VIENNA (CP)--Seen from this outpost of capitalism in central Europe, the Iron Cur- tain is still a barrier between East and West, and commn- nism remains a sysiem that people flee from--if they can. Refugees flow into Austria in a steady stream, a surprise to anyone with the notion that the move ment practically ended with the great exodus from Hungary following the 1956 revolution Last year 5,000 refugees came here, says a spokesman for the UN office for refugees. Ironically, 65 per cent came from Yugoslavia, perhaps the most liberal of all Communist countries and, like Austria, a neutral in the cold war, Most of the Yugoslavs are classed as economic refugees, having left their homeland to get better jobs--or just. any jobs. Yugoslavia's economic re- form has resulted in substan- tial unemployment because with emphasis now on sound business principles rather than rigid planning, unprofit- able enterprises are forced to close down many jobs disappear At that, the influx would not be so great were it not for the open border between Aus- tria and Yugoslavia. It's al- most as easy to get across as the Canada-U.S. border, and neither country wants to do anything about it for fear of losing tourist trade DISLIKE CHANGES The movement of economic refugees offers an interesting insight into difficulties faced by Communist. regimes in Straightening out the eco- nomic mess in which most now find themselves Their people know that they can't get rid of the system; Hungary taught them that, But they can refuse to pro- vide the hard labor to heip make it work. At the same time they have come to ex- pect such things as low trans- port fares and low rents which most Communist coun- tries offer, And when the government moves topit things on a more business-like basis, in effect dismantling part of the System the people are forced to live with, they raise objec- tions and sometimes flee the country. Apart from being last and way der and the economic refugees, there has been a 100-per-cent increase in po- litical refugees during the last year or so. Some 1,675 came by year from Hungary Czechoslovakia The vast majority took ad- vantage of increased East-to- West travel make their fecting after tours of various kinds. HEAVILY Relatively of the great migration of 1956-57, in direct overland flight across the bor- It is too dangerous. Both the Czech and the Hungarian borders. are heavily the the 225-mile Austro-Hungarian frontier, a electronic towers has been laid out. This replaces a complex of minefields until produced between when some washed into territory caused accidents unsuspecting farmers. Ninety-one it into Hungary roule have perished in the attempt. Qualified have suggested that barrier is more psychological than real. They calculate that so far only about 10 miles of the border the system However, few are likely to On this trian TU a and opportunities to break, simply de- coming here on GUARDED by few come the Hungarian guarded, Hungarian side of system of and guard new devices that did the job year, The mines Strain in relations the two countries Aus- floods among a during refugees made Austria last year from via the overland Others are believed to here the new observers has been. covered more sophisticated TMM TLL take precisely lioms are, MINES REMOVED In at least one frontier area, a six-yard-wide that formerly contained mines has been cleared and levelled the Hungarians free field of vision Next grass, strip of soil visible. from a great-distance, Then there is a wide, heavily guarded watchtowers the system of electric wire fences equipped with modern signal installations. Anyone trying {o climb the fences would touch off alarm bells connected with powerful floodlights and automatic flares es Austrian authorities follow policy of asylum to no matter may suffered in his homeland They couple two years ago, and the adverse publicity abroad was such that, as a qualified ob- server puts it, "'they prepared to face that kind of criticism - (The after rency charge.) than meagre reports would in- dicate. The evidence of internal con- flict may have been one of the arguments President Johnson considered before ordering the bombing of oil installations near Hanoi and Haiphong. It was an open invitation to the Chinese to respond if they could, The Chinese did not. The North. Vietnamese need help. There have been reports --in the nature of rumors since they cannot be substantiated-- that Hanoi has told both Mos- cow and Peking there is a limit to North Vietnamese ability to resist unless the big Communist powers provide more arms The Soviet Union almost im- mediately announced a_ sub- stantial increase in military supplies and it without saying that Moscow won't give equipment away without getting something in return. In_ this case it undoubtedly will demand more influence over Hanoi's for- eign policy and a withering of Peking links DISPUTE OVER LENIN Whether Moscow would use influence to end the Viet Nam war is doubtful. It is more likely it would seek to promote wider 'international acceptance interpretation of goes ils own Leninism, Der SETS om its edad 1111 11ND ATE AUSTRIA ENTRY In Steady Stream a chance, where not the knowing installa- strip of land to offer a there is a strip of then an 11-metre-wide carefully smoothed in which footprints. are zone containing manned round clock. Behind this is a never refusing political refugees, how doubtful they that an applicant any real persecution be turned back a Czech are not ' again Czechs got 18 months, their return,' on a cur- COPELAND CANADA'S STORY WELL-! I CAN SURE TELL 'EM WHY! \ Ww AE! - \ aul « Wz Kelsey First In West BY BOB BOWMAN Henry Kelsey was the first white man to see the prairies He made a trip from Fort Nelson, Hudson Bay, to The Pas, Manitoba in 1690, but it was not until 1926 that his- torians could be certain that he really got that far. When the Hudson's Bay Com- pany got its charter from King Charles If in 1670, its obliga- tions including the exploration of the territory, and trying to find a waterway to the Pacific. Kelsey joined the company when he was only 14 years old and was sent to Hudson Bay where he learned quickly how to get along with the Indians. His pay for four years was "eight pounds and two shuttes of apparel."' In 1690, when Kelsey was 20 years old, he volunteered to accompany a party of Indians to their hunting grounds in the in- terior. They left for Nelson on June 12 and Kelsey did not get back until June, 1692, during which time he may _ have travelled as far as Alberta. The difficulty with the Kelsey story is that he kept a diary in very bad verse, and it does not give a clear indication of his route. There is good reason to belive that he was at The Pas on July 15, 1691 This is the wrote; The ground begins for to be dry with wood Poplo and. birch that's very good sort of verse he with ash CR LLU TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS July 15, 1966... The British government of the Duke of Wellington passed the second 'Corn Law 138 years ago today-- in 1828. The move followed general discontent with the first Corn Law, of 1815, which protected the land- owners from foreign compe- tition in. the grain trade while keeping the price of bread for consumers high. Wellington's measure per- mitted grain to be imported at any time and fixed du- ties on a sliding scale--high when the price of English corn was low and reduced as the English price rose. The act alienated the land- lord class, yet won Welling- ton no favor with the Lib- erals, who recalled that he had defeated the measure when .it was earlier intro- duced by Canning. 1779 -- American Brig. - Gen. "Mad Anthony" Wayne captured the British fort at Stony Point, N.Y., gaining control of the Hud- son River 1857--Two hundred Euro- peans were massacred at Cawnpore, India First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1916 -- German counter - at- tacks near La Maisonette and Biaches were repulsed by the French; British troops took Belleville wood; Russians took 13,000 pris- oneérs on the Volhynian front Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1941--Prime Minis- ter Churchill told the House of Commons the Anglo-So- viet agreement amounted to an alliance; British, Austra- lian and' Free French forces entered Beirut the Rus- drove the Germans back 19 miles from. the Dnieper. sians For the natives of this place which knows No use of Better wooden Bows." Another difficulty with the Kelsey story is that it was dis- torted during an_ investigation in London of the Hudson's Bay Company in 1749. Critics charged that the campany was not sending out explorers, and would not believe the Kelsey story. For some reason the company produced only a few pages of his diary, and then it disappeared. Kelsey's diary was not found until 1926, when the owner of Castle Dobbs, at Car- rickfergus, Northern Ireland, found it in his library. It is known now that Kelsey was given the name "Mis Top Ashish'"' by the Indians. It meant "'Little Giant' because he saved an Indian in a fight with two fierce grizzly bears Before any other white man penetrated the prairies (La Verendrye in 1738) Kelsey had spent nearly 40 years on Hud son Bay, including the two than their years exploring the interior. was captured by Iberville in 1697 when the .great French Canadian military leader won his naval victory over the British in Hudson Bay OTHER EVENTS ON JULY 15: 1811 David Thompson reached mouth of Columbia River Oregon Boundary . Treaty ratified by U.S.A Royal proclamation that all territory between On- tario 'and British Colum- bia was to be part of Canada C.P.R. got British con- tract to carry mail be- tween Halifax or Quebec and Hong Kong Banque du Peuple_ sus- pended payments, They were resumed on Novem- ber 4, when depositors got 25 per cent Canadian yacht 'Glen cairn'? won international race Control of natural re- sources transferred to government of Manitoba. 1846 1870 Only Past Holds Interest For Skeptical In Amazon By HENRY HOGG MANAUS, Brazil (CP) -- F.very taxi-driver in Manaus -1,000 miles up. the Amazon River, tells you the same story "That's danced," where Pavlova he says as you cruise by the Opera House-- your taxi rolling on tires of imported Malayan rubber. That puts the economics of the Amazon valley today in a Brazil nutshell. For the vast majority of local people. the past is what really mattered and they have only skepticism about the fu ture. Brazil, where rubber grows wild in the forest, used to be the world's only source of commercial rubber. Settle- ments with all the trimmings of civilization, such as opera houses good enough to draw Pavlova, sprang up all along the Amazon. But by 1910 the boom was over. Plantations of rubber had been grown in Malay from Brazilian seed and the once prosperous Amazon ba- sin shows little sign of over- coming its economic sloth In the 1920s, Henry Ford put $5,000,000 into Brazilian rub ber. He might as well have thrown it in the river. There is still some demand for Amazon rubber but produc- tion and transportation costs keep it insignificant in the world market JUNGLE GAVE FORTUNES Pavlova was not the only altraction in the Amazon's heyday. Entire opera compa- nies journeyed from Italy across the Atlantic and up the river to Manaus, 4 cable was laid from Belem to Manaus to: keep merchants informed of world rubber demand and prices The Madeira-Mamore railway was built through 365 miles of jungle, to give easier access to the rubber forests. The story says that every tie on the track represents a human life lost to yellow fever and malaria. The ties were imported from Africa because all local labor was too busy tapping rubber to waste time on cutting timber. The wealthy class imported clothes, champagne. and courtesans from Europe Some even sent their laundry to London. It's little wonder then, that the people of :Ama- zonia prefer dreams of past splendor to today's drab meagreness. Paul A. Beaulieu, Canada's ambassador to Brazil, re- cently visited Canadian mis- Sionary units in the Amazon valley and toured northeast- ern Brazil. He could see "a little hope for the future'? and was tremendously impressed by the "bigness" of every- thing POCKETS WEAR THIN Most Brazilians believe the revolution of March 1084 which replaced the weak but elected president by a more authoritarian regime, was necessary. They think it was successful, too, in so far as it restored order and discipline in the armed forces But the rest has been. a bit- ter disappointment YEARS AGO 20 YEARS AGO, July 15, 1946 Key man behind the United Steel Workers strike engulfing Sydney, Saulte Ste. Marie and Hamilton steel mills is Charles Hibbert Millard, national direc- tor for Canada of the United Steel Workers of America. He is a former Oshawa resident. General Motors in Oshawa has not yet been affected by the steel strike 35 YEARS AGO, July 15, 1931 Donald Ruddy appointed new county clerk and solicitor to succeed the late A. E. Chris- tian. Fire damaged Army Citade! the Salvation PLA CAO AOE DALE, QUEEN'S PARK - Most MPPs On The Job Full -Time By DON O'HEARN TORONTO--Nearly all mem- bers of the house now have full-time jobs. First of all, of course, there are the members of the cabinet. Then in this coming year there will be five select com- mittees meeting. The committees of youth, aging, conservation authorities and company law which met last year will be sitting again. In addition there is to be @ new committee on the Election Act and election procedures, This means about 65 mem- bers will be occupied with com- mittee work in the off session, Or only some 10 members won't have most of their time faken up with their duties as members. The election committee is ex- pected to bring in a recom- mendation that a portion of election costs be paid from the public purse--as now is done in Quebec, and as is being consid- ered in Ottawa. This can be taken as one more indication that a general election will be held off until next year. But there also have been other indications here--such as activity in the office of the chief election officer--that the government will be ready for a vote this fall if just the right opening should come along. BAIL. TROUBLE Perhaps the greatest abuse we have in our system of ad- ministration of justice today is in the granting of bail, of erent a ¢ Generally the rent ing bail in the province is very much that of bestowing a priv- ilege rather than the right it should be. A series of attorneys-general didn't recognize this, but it seems Hon. Arthur Wishart has, Mr. Wishart agrees that bail has been too hard to get and often calls for security which is beyond reality. And the attorney-general has instructed Crown attorneys and other legal officers to remedy the situation where possible. At the same time Mr. Wishart has given a warning that the old maxim that a man "'is inno- cent until proven guilty' can't be taken quite holus-bolus. He argues that if an accused is a threat to the community-- if, for instance, he is accused of a crime of violence--than bail should not be given automat- ically However, there is little doubt that the practices of giving bail have been largely based on se- curing the appearance of the accusee rather than on the security of the community. And though the old maxim may not apply 100 per-cent it is very good that we have it there. 725-6553 RENT-A-CAR DAY -- WEEK -- MONTH $8.00 PER DAY 725-6553 RUTHERFORD'S CAR AND TRUCK RENTALS PLUS LOW MILEAGE CHARGE 14 ALBERT ST, Oshawa