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QUEEN'S PARR ~ New Policy Inaugurated For Works BY DON O'HEARN OTTAWA REPORT = Scandals Plagued PMs From John &. By PAT NICHOLSON OTTAWA--It's not easy to be prime minister of Canada Now LETs SEE- How DID HE HIT THe APPLE WITHouT HURTING | She Oshawa Cimes Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawe, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher FRIDAY, APRIL 22 -- PAGE 4 nomic history, the Great De- pression inherited from the Liberal government. He was One Factor Ever Doubtful In Quest For Auto Safety There are drivers who have been behind the steering wheel of a car for upwards of 40 years and who have either never been involved in a serious accident or even a minor accident of their own making. There are drivers who have their first accident within 40 days of get- ting their driver's licence -- and they are the cause of it. Attention has been drawn to these facts in timely comment by The Sudbury Star on the contro- versy over safe and unsafe cars which has been prominent in the news both in Canada and the United States. Testimony has been pre- sented to the United States Senate which has been mostly critical of the car manufacturing industry. The Canadian Parliament has also had the situation under discussion. In the United States, politicians conducting the hearings seem to give less attention to the actions of the manufacturers in calling back vehicles that prove to have an un- safe feature which reveals itself under daily use on the road. There is little applause for the manufac- turers in taking precautionary measures through correction of a mechanical fault -- and at no cost to the owner. It is ridiculous to suggest that automobile manufacturers are not safety-conscious. Long-time driv- ers remember when automobiles were equipped with ordinary glass that ripped driver and passengers to ribbons. They remember when tires blew right off the rims and a blow-out meant almost certain death or serious injury. They re- member when gasoline tanks were under the seats and when radiator caps and ornaments and door han- dles were moving "spears" to im- pale body or limb. They remember when brakes were far from trust- worthy and exhaust systems pour- ed fumes into the interior of the car. Long-time drivers with excellent accident-free records who have wit- nessed the transformation to the emphasis on safety in car manufac- ture agree with the U.S. congress- man who said: "It's not the nut on the wheel but the one behind it that causes most accidents. Until we can tighten him up, I don't know that we can do very much about the traffic safety situa- tion." Beards No Problem The growing of beards is not ex- pected to spread to all three serv- ices when unification of Canada's defence forces is complete, the de- fence department predicts. Unifica- tion of the navy, army and air force will take place within the next year, but the popularity of beards among navy personnel won't spill over to the other two services. Under present regulations, navy personnel may grow beards if their commanding officer approves, but the navy doesn't encourage the practice. In the last war, beards tended to collect oil when ships were sunk and men were sometimes suf- focated. In addition, they interfer- ed with the wearing of respirators. Any navy rating who applies to grow a beard is not allowed shore Jeave until his hirsute decoration She Oshawa Zimes T, L. WILSON, Publisher & &. PRINCE, General Manager €. J, MeCONECHY, Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times tablished 1871) and the Whitby Gazette and whronicle (established 1863) is published daily (Sundoys and Statutary holidays excepted), M s of © Daily ip Publish- ers Association, The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau 2f Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association, The Canadian Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republication of all news despatched in the paper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein. All rights of special des- Setches ore also reserved, Offices; Thomson Building, 425 University venue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Mortreal, P.Q. SUSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, *itkering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Atbort,AMosts Crave 'Unmntan' Era anle Rav <iverpool, Taunton, tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, , Pontypool, and Newcastle not over per week. By mail in Province of Ontario outside carrier delivery area, $15.00 per yeor. Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, $18. per year. U.S.A. and foreign $27.00 per year. has grown to a presentable length. This tends to discourage beard growing by shore personnel as it will among land-based army and air force men. Rear-Admiral C. J. Dillon, depu- ty comptroller of the navy, is sure there will not be a rush by army and air force men to emulate their naval companions. "These days, beards are generally associated with rather peculiar peo- ple such as beatniks, protestors and the great unwashed. They used to be a mark of male virility, but today they are more likely to be a sign of laziness," the rear-admiral sug- gests. The potentials of beard- growing have not yet been tackled by defence offiicals in terms of uni- fication. Chances are that Queen's Regulations and Orders will con- tinue to allow beards for sea-going people but prohibit them for all others. Deefnce minister Paul Hellyer isn't turning grey over the prob- lem. While he has declined com- ment, an aide said he was up to his sideburns in more pressing prob- lems of unification. "If beards were all we had to worry about, we wouldn't work up much of a lather," the aide said. "I am sure we can come up with some regulation to curtail beard growing and at the same time not rock the traditional navy boat.' So, in this situation, at least, Ca- nadian citizens have one issue that. is unlikely to mushroom into a prob- lem requiring a Royal Commission. There's always some ray of sun- shine. 'STORY OF RESIGNATIONS' .. . {ove rpnsiiti today; but then, it never has been. And despite the headlined scandals, the firings and the hell-fire, our Parliament is not so bad today when viewed against the' perspective of his- tory; and there are compensat- ing factors, such as the rising of the individual MP. These are the views of a con- templative insider. Chatting to me in his Parliament Hill of- fice, Dr. Philip Bernard Ryn- ard, physician-at-large to Sim- coe County and Parliament Hill, and Conservative MP for Simcoe, East, looked back over his voluminous knowledge of our politics. "All our prime ministers have been involved in their scandals or troubles,' he mused. "The great Sir John A. Mac- donald had his Pacific scandal. He thanked his only three loyal colleagues for staying with him when he was wrong. 'This is the type of friend I need, as everybody is with me when I am right,' he said. Once his social behavior caused his en- tire cabinet to demand his res- ignation in favor of George Brown. He brushed that aside with the quip: 'The Canadian people would sooner have Mac- donald drunk than Brown sober' and continued in office until his death. NEST OF VIPERS "Sir Mackenzie Bowell faced a revolt by seven of his minis- ters. He strode to the Liberal front bench to greet its leaders, commenting: 'Its such a com- fort to shake hands with honest men after having been in the company of traitors for months.' "Sir Wilfrid Laurier had deep trouble with his own church over the separate school issue. In 1911 a revolt nearly took con- trol of the cabinet away from him;. in 1917 he was deserted by many of his followers who joined with Conservatives to form the Union government. "Sir Robert Borden had prob- lems with the bullheaded Sam Hughes, who did a terrific job in building an army, yet in- competence and graft shook his defence department. "R. B. Bennett had to govern Canada through the toughest five years in Canada's eco- By SEAH CHIANG NEE SAIGON (Reuters) -- Deser- tions from South Viet Nam's armed forces are causing major concern to this country's mili- tary leaders. Deserters totalled a record 113,000 last year, although ac- cording to a South Vietnamese military source there were no specific reasons for the high de- sertion rate. "The increasing military hardship due to the intensifica- tion of the war, battle weari- ness, family problems or merely the desire to see a loved one Despite the massive United States military build-up here, it is still the South Vietnamese ' soldier who bears the brunt of the fighting against the Viet Cong guerrillas in most of the provinces. The South Vietnamese army is poorly paid. Even with a recent increase in pay, the 1,800 piastres (about $25) a month paid. to a private soldier is about what a bar hostess can earn in Saigon in one or two nights. "This is bound to have a bad effect on the soldiers, who know that they have to fight and die and- yet are barely able to scrape a living for their fami- lies," the source said. From 15 to 20 per cent of last year's deserters eventually re- turned to their own units, ac- SANE deserted by some of his cabinet, one of whom formed a new op- position party. Yet he brought in some admirable new ideas, which were later capitalized upon by Mackenzie King while Bennett, discredited by his own 'party, retired to Britain where he was honored for his good work, GOVERNMENT BY GHOSTS Mackenzie King enjoyed his- tory's longest prime minhister- ship. He was the only P.M. who consulted the oracles at frequent seances; his mother, alive and even dead, was his constant adviser. This was his own right, and I would not criti- cize his beliefs, But he always followed--and never led--public opinion, and when he did speak, his cautious words were care- fully chosen to be ambiguous, such as 'conscription if neces- sary, but not necessarily con- scription.' He destroyed or weakened the two - party sys- tem and created the problem of minority governments by put- ting his stamp of approvai on third parties. "If there were only two parties today, our Parliaments would last for the normal four year periods. Today the prime minister and Canada suffer from multiple parties. Yet our Parliamnt is not su bad today. MPs don't have to sleep in the corridors any more while de- bates drone on all night. And individual Mrs are now com- ing to the front; more and more the public look at their own MP and ask "Is he doing a good job for us? Is he quali- fied?' And more and more people vote on his personal rec- ord, rather than on his party's record, And perhaps this is a good thing." Thus on that happy note Dr. Rynard concluded his review of problems on Parliament Hill through the century of Confed- eration. He raises the interest- ing and valid comment that, while the public repute of our political parties is falling, the importance of the individual MP is rising. Dead are the days of Mackenzie King's "performing seals," whose only task was to and vote as he commanded, never to make a speech. Deserters Major Concern In South Viet Nam Army cording to one well-informed source. Others re - enlisted with local militia forces in their own villages after a period of civil- ian life. HARD TO FIGURE This makes the task of cal- culating the actual number of desertions difficult. However, one authoritative of- ficial said the figure of 113,000 --represening about 20 per cent of the country's armed forces-- was causing serious concern. It is believed the majority of deserters do not defect to the Viet Cong, but return to their village homes or drift into 'the towns, change their names, and seek civilian jobs. Surprisingly, most deserters are volunteers, most of whom serve in either the regional or popular forces--militia based in their own provizccs or villages. The desertion rate in the re- gional force jumped to 27.6 per cent last year from 13.2 per cent in 1964. Desertions have been particu- larly heavy from training camps for young recruits. But many also desert their posts in the first two or three months after completing their training. Regular - troop desertion rose to 14.2 per cent last year from 8.3 per cent of the total force in 1964. By the end of last year, the figure has risen as high as 17.8 per cent. ... VERBAL NOT VIOLENT Course Rough, Unruly In Barbadian Politics By CY FOX BRIDGETOWN (CP) -- "Barbados politics is a story of resignations," said a maga- zine editor in Bridgetown, capital city of this politically bubbling island country. He was referring specific- ally to the history of the party now in power here and to a spate of opposition that has de- veloped in time to ensure that the election due this year will be a lively one The words exchanged lately by politicians in Barhados have often been barbed but controversy in the island re- mains verbal, without any re- sort to violence. The Democratic Labor Party, which forms the gov- ernment, was founded in 1955 by several young dissidents from the then-ruling Barbados Labor Party. They acted in concert with other groups. The dissidents quit the mod- erately socialist BLP after a five - year development plan was introduced by the gov- ernment of Grantley Adams. They regarded the plan as too conservative. Among the breakawavs was Errol Barrow, now premier of Barbados, which is scheduled shortly to attain independence. TOO KIN REFORM GROUP Barrow and his companions contended that government policies were weak and minis- ters incompetent. The newly formed party maintained that first-and-only: prime minister Adams, later knighted and the of the now-defunct Federation of the West Indies, was lack- ing in "expertise" and showed a 'disregard for the people's interest." Among its earliest members was W. A. Crawford, whose reformist Congress party was amalgamated with Demo- cratic Labor. ; The DLP finally was voted into office in the election of 1961. Crawford was to become minister of trade and labor in the Barrow cabinet. Erskine Ward, who was Speaker of the House 'of Rep- resentatives under federation, was another Barrow minister, serving without portfolio. By 1965, with the federation dead three years and after much wrangling over a more limited federation of Rerhadas \ and other eastern Caribbean islands, the government pub- lished a white paper rejecting the smaller federation in fa- vor of separate independence for Barbados. Crawford and Ward resigned from the cabinet, saying they favored independence, but in a federation with the neigh- boring British islands. Crawford now speaks through his Bridgetown-based weekly newspaper, The Bar- bados Observer. lately has hit out at the Bar- row government in editorials and front-page articles. DICTATORSHIP "A section of cratic Labor Party is hatching plans for suppressing any op- position in this country,"' said an unsigned page one story in a March issue of the paper. One Observer editorial said government control over var- for ious facets of Barbados life "will inevitably give the exe- cutive complete control over the whole economy." The result would be establishment of a form of government which will be in effect a dictatorship." SEES The paper the Demo- "the é 4 DLP officials say such charges are too ludicrous to warrant serious attempts at rebuttal, The legislature of this island of some 250,000 people passed a resolution last January call- ing on the British government to fix an early date for a con- ferencé on independence. Passage of the resviuiion came only after long and bit- ter debate. A local newspaper, The Ad- vocate, quoted Barrow as say- ing "vested interests' in Bar- bados were prepared to sell out the island for the sake: of their own ambition. Opposition Leader E. D. Mottley, who heads the Con- servative Barbados National Party, said in an interview: "If the premier gets a date independence from the British government, he could extend this legislative session for as long as he likes." The election will come "on or before Dec. 4, 1966," Bar- row has said. He also has pre- dicted independence by the yenr's end THE SHARPSHOOTER CANADA'S STORY Gas Attack Withstood By BOB BOWMAN No troops ever received a more severe baptism of fire than the Canadians who moved into the front line in mid-April 1915. They took over 4,000 yards of poorly constructed trenches from the French 11th Division at Ypres in Belgium. This was the gateway to the Channel ports of Dunkirk, Calais, and Boulogne. The Germans had nearly broken through in 1914, as they did in 1940. When the Canadians took over the salient, the French officer commanding warned that the Germans might launch a gas attack. This was some- thing new in warfare, and he was dismissed by the French High Command for passing on "frightening reports.' No pro- tective measures had _ been taken against the possible use of gas. On the afternoon of April 22 a light breeze was blowing to- wards the Canadian position, and the Germans began to re- lease chlorine gas, It came roll- ing across the fields like fog. Algerian conscripts to the left of the Canadian position threw away their rifles and ran. As the gas was moving at six miles an hour, many were overtaken, and fell into ditches, choking and clutching their throats. Soon two French divisions were overrun and the Germans came pouring through the open gap, bayonets high. The flank of the Canadian division was turned, and it was trapped. Yet the Canadians, most of them undergoing war "in anger" for the first time, held on. They were reinforced by 12 British battalions. The battle continued until May 4 under the most terrible conditions. There was not only severe hand-to- hand fighting, but heavy artil- lery bombardment. Worst of all was the gas, which destroyed the will to live, Men who in- haled it usually cried "go away and let me die," CO ML OL Forgotten, Officially Concluded War Splutters Along Malaysia By RICHARD MYERSCOUGH KUALA LUMPUR (Reuters) The roar of guns in Viet Nam has almost drowned out the rattle of small-arms fire in a forgotten, officially concluded war that still sputters along Malaysia's border with Thai- land. The casualty list for the 17th year of fighting in the Malayan Communist rebellion, issued early in March, showed one Communist guerrilla killed and two captured during 1965. Patrolling Malaysian, British and Thai government forces re- corded .no losses. They had 10 contacts. Since the outbreak of the Ma- layan "emergency" in 1948, 6,723 Communists have been killed, 1,303 captured, and 2,751 surrendered. The total number killed on the Commonwealth side is 1,867, with 2,562 wounded. Civilian deaths total 2,473, with 1,385 maimed, and 810 mis- sing. The Malayan Communist war broke out in June, 1948. Three local Kuomintang leaders were shot at Johore, in south Ma- laya, and a few days later three European planters were killed at Perak, in northern Malaya. The British colonial authori- ties declared a state of emer- gency June 24, and the Commu- nist guerrillas, who formed an underground force in the Sec- ond World War as the Malayan People's Anti-Japanese Army, called on former members to take up arms against the Brit- ish. A savage struggle followed. The worst year was 1951, when the security forces suffered 1,195 casualties, the Commu- nists 2,131, and 1,024 civilians sere killed, wounded or kid- napped. In October of the same year Sir Henry Gurney, the then British high commissioner, was ambushed and killed. By 1956, employment of about 140,000 Malaysian, British and other Commonwealth _ soidiers and marines, plus a mass re- 8 PEOPLE ROAM DESERT Mauritania, a desert country twice the size of.France, has about 750,000 inhabitants, most of them widely-dispersed no- made settlement of civilians and pledges. of independence, elimi- nated the Communists as a se- rious threat, and in 1960 the emergency was declared over. It was learned that some pro- tection could be obtained by holding urine-soaked rags over mouths and throats. On the first day of the battle, one battalion was down to 193 of its 800 men. Another had 250 left. By May 4 the Canadians had lost 6,000 men, killed, wounded, or missing. Yet the Germans were unable to break through. It was one of the most desperate battles of the war. OTHER EVENTS ON APR. 22: 1635--William Alexander, found- er of "Baronets of Nova Scotia" given further grants in Canada and Long Island 1737--First smelter in Canada established at Three Riv- ers, Quebec 1745--British naval force under Admiral Warren joined Pepperell force at Canso for attack on Louisburg 786--Sir Guy Carlton, later Baron Dorchester, made Governor of Canada 1844--Bytown "Packet" first issued; later became Ottawa "'Citizen" 1897--Finance Minister Fielding introduced new tariffs 1954 -- National Conservation Conference opened at Ottawa 1960--F ield Marshall Mont- gomery arrived at Otta- wa for four-day visit 1963--Lester B. Pearson be- came Prime Minister of Canada Forgotten Guerrilla War In Portuguese Guinea JEGUE (AP) -- Uniformed rebels, equipped with Russian, Chinese and U.S. weapons, con- trol part of Portuguese Guinea and are waging guerrilla war against the Portuguese Army entrenched in the main cen- tres. A reporter recently entered Portuguese territory from Sene- gal and accompanied a patrol of guerrilla fighters on a long trek past deserted villages, der- elict plantations and wrecked or abandoned Portuguese military posts, Throughout the day-long pa- trol,.there was no sign of Portu- guese military activity, but the patrol leader said at one point: "About 200 Portuguese are holed up and surrounded in San Domingos, just two miles ahead. They never come after us be- cause they know we have the upper hand here in the bush. "All the roads leading out of the town are mined by us and under our control, The Portu- guese are supplied by air. Once in a while a river boat used to come up from Cacheu River, but we sank one not long ago and now that access is blocked, "too." FARIM ISOLATED TOO Some 70 miles to the east an- other Portuguese post at Farim is equally cut off, the leader said. All the .countryside, he claimed, was under rebel con- trol. The rebels say they have "lib- erated" almost all the mainland except isolated strongpoints and the area round Biksao, the capi- tal. Portugal considers Guinea a province of the homeland. It is a wedge of bush country near the western tip of Africa, with some 200 miles of Atlantic eoantiine and a hinterland reaching 300 miles inland be- tween Senetal and the formerly French Guinea Republic. Thanks to extensive aid from Senegal and Guinea, the rebel African Party of Independence for Guinea and the Cape Verde Islands or PAIGC has made more progress in ousting the Portuguese than have the rebel movements in the two larger and more important Portuguese areas in Africa, Angola and Mo- zambique. The Cape Verde Is- lands, 300 miles off the main- land, are as yet untouched by rebel activity. The Portuguese have been in Guinea and the is- lands more than four centuries, Both the rebels and the Por- tuguese regard Guinea as an acid test for Portugal's ability to retain its foothold in Africa. Portugal has deployed more than 25,000 troops to defend the small and economically almost useless Guinea mainland against an estimated 5,000 rebels, The Portuguese say the PAIGC is Communist inspired. Party Leader Amilcar Cabral denies any Com ist | i but his strongest support comes from China and the Soviet bloc. TORONTO -- The department of public works has been one of the better run branches of gov- ernment here. The department has taken a pragmatic attitude under the di- rection of Hon. Ray Connell, its minister of the past eight years. Traditionally public works -- along with the department of highways and the L.C.B.0.-- was a pork barrel department. It was the spot where you placed obese fathers-in-law with an aversion to work, or got a job for a not too affluent con- tractor who has dug up the money for a contribution to campaign funds. This has been changed. Mr, Connell decided early that the people of Ontario weren't getting the best value on their public works. And one of his first steps was to change policy whereby the government itself had con- hc ge many of its own build- ings. Under the new policy his department handled essentially only maintenance, And staff-- and obese fathers-in-law--was reduced from some 3,000 per- sonnel to about 800. The policy was successiul in that the cost of new governinent buildings tended to be cut down and a lot of waste in staff was knocked out but the new sys- tem also has kicked back. Private builders have become so busy they are apt to be luke- warm towards government work. Last year there prere 15 government jobs on which there were no tenders. And the public works depart- ment, of course, had cuts its own staff down so far that it couldn't take on the jobs itself. A question both here and throughout the province has been what the government has had in mind in its community college program. There have been a number of announcements and reports about community colleges over the past couple of years. From these we know there is to be a new program. But we haven't known just what this program would be, or what the colleges would provide. There have been suggestions they would be junior colleges or largely technical institutions. There has never been any clear explanation on these and several other points. And the definite impression has been left that the government itself hasn't known too-definitely what it had in mind and probably has been feeling its pray. Now there is strong ground te back this up. Final plans for a new technical centre in Hamil- ton have been released. This centre is to include a vocational (auto mechanics, etc.), techni- cal (post secondary technical training) and community col- lege branches. } The eventual role of the col- leges is still not clear but: it would appear they will be eg» sentially glorified technical schools. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS April 22, 1966... European powers reacted to Spain's Carlist War 132 years ago today--in 1834-- with a 'quadruple alli- ance," by which Britain, France and Portugal pledged support to Queen Isabella II in her fight against Don Carlos and his rebels. Britain even altered the law to allow a. foreign legion to be raised, led by Sir George Evans, which foughi on tie queen's side in Spain. Don Carlos was de- feated and went into exile, but revolutions in Spain con- tinued long after Isabella's own flight and exile in 1868. 1834--St, Helena, formerly owned by the East India Company, became a crown colony. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1916 -- floods impeded the British, column trying to reach besieged Kut-el-Am- ara, Mesopotamia; British troops raided German lines near Thiepval; French re- pulsed German attacks near Bethincourt, in the Verdun sector, Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1941--Royal Navy units in the Mediterranean sank three freighters and shot down three troop trans- port aircraft; Plymouth was heavily bombed; Franz von Werra, Luftwaffe escapee from Canada, jumped the $10,000 bond posted in Wash- ington and went to Peru. Oshawa Winnipeg Montreal Windsor Edmonton Oshewa DELOITTE, PLENDER, HASKINS & SELLS with whom are now merged MONTEITH, RIEHL, WATERS & CO. Chartered Accountants ° Prince George Associated Firms In United States of America, Great Britain and Other Countries throughout the World. Oshawe Shopping Centre Hamilton Calgary Vancouver Toronto Regina 728-7527