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CHINA SLAPPED Congress - Deepens Chasm OTTAWA REPORT Safety Standards Demands Growina 'She Oshaton Times flees Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited ; 86 King St. E., Oshawe, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher Now JUST SLOow iT DOWN A LITTLE TUESDAY,APRIT. 12 1966 -- PAGE 4 ie ye 'Pearson Again On Spot Over Death The free vote in the House of * Commons by which it was decided Canada would retain capital punish- ment surely points up a problem in this departure from the norm in parliamentary procedure. By a vote of 143 to 112 members of the Commons, freed of party dis- cipline decided to reject the propo- sal of abolitionists. They decided the death penalty should be retain- ed for those found guilty of capital murder. Yet abolition was favored by members of Prime Minister Pearson's caucus by 78 to 51. The cabinet voted 18 to six for abolition. As has so often happened during Mr. Pearson's political career, by acting conscientiously with the best intentions in the world, he has placed himself on the spot. In this instance he has been left to uphold a penalty of which he and the maj- ority of his government oppose. The pressing problem, of course, is the fate of those 15 men sen- tenced to hang during that period when Canada was endeavoring to form a policy. There's considerable soundness to the argument that the lives of these 15 should be spared A New Viet President Johnson and his "com- mitments" in South Viet Nam are beginning to show fuzziness around the edges. Consistent emphasis that the growing armed strength of the United States in Viet Nam and the brute force of the unopposed air armadas was because the people of South Viet Nam wished to be delivered from the Viet Cong is wearing thin under the realities of the day-to-day development in that unfortunate and war - torn nation. Washington's king-makers have been uniformly unfortunate in their choice of puppets there. Between the assassinated Diems and the in- effectual Ky, the Pentagon has backed seven men in an effort to bring political stability. All have followed the Diem administration into the shadows. Marshal Ky ap- pears on the verge of following them. Protest marches from the South in Saigon to the north in Hue and She Oshawa Fimes WILSON, Publisher E. C. PRINCE, General Manager. Cc. J. MeCONECHY, Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times established 1871) and the Whitby Gazette and chrenicle (established 1863) is published daily Sundeys @nd Stotutary holidays excepted), ly yee ef Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish- ers Associgtion, The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association, The Canadian Press is exclusively entitied to the use 'of republication of all news despatched in the paper credited to it or to The Associated ss or Reuters, and also the loco! ne Publis therein. All rights of special des- eatches ore sf reserve Offices Avenue, Montreal, an 425 University 640 Cathcort Street, omson Toronto, Ontario; P.O SUSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, 'ickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, verpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Drono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Monchester, Pontypool, and Newcastle not over 50c per week. By mail in Province of Ontario outside carrier delivery area, $15.00 per year. Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, $18.00 per year. U.S.A. and foreign $27.00 per year, Penalty because of the unusual conditions that existed at the time of their sentencing. During the period death penalty. Gains have been commuted. For the future, it can be safely said that Canadians -- as they are now represented in parliament -- are not yet ready to abolish the edath penalty. Gains have been made by the abolitionists and should another vote be held follow- ing the redistribution of seats they might accomplish their aim of dis- carding the death penalty. Today, however, those who send members to parliament have signified they wish to have it retained. It is a grave moral issue. Ottawa opinion holds it unlikely that it will again be debated by this parlia- ment. If Mr. Pearson finds it im- possible to live with the decision made in a free vote, an alternative could come through the declaration of government policy on capital punishment and the weathering of whatever storm such action ini- tiates. He may find he has weath- ered rougher rounds of criticism in the past. Nam Crisis Da Nong would seem to have con- vinced even the Hawks in the Pen- tagon that the American money be- ing spent and the American blood being shed is not appreciated. Feel- ing appears to be rising as strongly against Americans in the people they are presumably defending as it is with those they are fighting. Marshal Ky is apparently un- wanted by the majority, despite constant and fervent declarations to the contrary by the President, Mr. Rusk, Mr. McNamara and Vice- President Humphrey. Conditions are nearing the point, as The Sarnia Observer says, where Washington may be com- pelled to drop the argument that their presence in South Viet Nam is to save the South Vietnamese from the "brutalities" of Com- munism. Even in the United States an in- telligent segment insists that a phobia of fear of Communism has caused American leaders to under- take military action in China's sphere of influence they would not tolerate in their own geographical orbit. Other Editors' Views IS ANYONE SURE? In an otherwise admirable eluci- dation of Canada's many woes and problems, The Times of London re- cently permitted itself some curious phraseology. It referred to our various econo- mic and political conundrums and concluded "until the answers are found, Canada cannot be certain of her place in the world." It's true of course. Canada is not sure of its its place in the world; quite the con- trary. But just how sure is anyone else these days? --(Hamilton Spectator) sata UAT aa AN U.S. SENATE APPROVED $750,000 MANSION Vice-president May By ARCH MacKENZIE WASHINGTON (CP)--A cam- paign to provide an official home for the vice-president of the United States may be nearly over. There's no certainty, how- ever, that Hubert Horatio Hum- phrey, whose present term has less than three years. to go, will ever live in it. Humphrey himself has played no active role in the campaign. He talks affectionately of his $36,000 four-bedroom house in the suburbs despite the conges- tion of having secret. service men in the recreation room and his wife's secretarial aides in the den Talk of giving the. vice-presi dent a residence in keeping with his status has gone on for years although Congress re- jected President Eisenhower's efforts Last year the Senate gave ap proval to plans for a $750,000 ' giansion and now the House of OTTAWA -- Canada's auto- mobile plants at Oshawa, Oak- ville and other cities are rolling out record numbers of new cars. But despite the emotional heat generated by the death penalty debate in the House of Commons, only one MP has shown sufficient interest in the welfare of innocent Canadians to protest that this record flow of new cars will execute a rec- ord number of highway users. "Half of these cars will be involved in a death-producing or injury-producing accident," Heward Grafftey, MP for Brome-Missisquoi, said, during a talk with Senator Edward Speno and me. Senator Speno is Mr. Car Safety, U.S.A. who has energetically spear-headed legislation in New York state to make safety features in cars compulsory. He was visiting Ot- tawa to seek inter-governmental co-operation in his work. And while Mr. Grafftey was taking the senator to speak with Prime Minister Pearson and. John Diefenbaker, one auto maker was calling in about 200,000 cars of its one-year-old and two- year-old models to have a dan- gerous risk of sticking acceler- ator pedals remedied. BLAME THE DRIVERS That is not a record of which our auto makers can be proud every second car leaving their plants will be a murderer or a maimer before it ends up in an auto cemetery Until recently, auto makers have argued that incompetence behind the wheel has caused our rising and intolerable traffic toll. This, as any road user well knows, is certainly one factor. But dead mer tell no tales Drivers killed because of a stick accelerator or a blown tire or other mechanical de- ficiency unfortunately can- not report the reason to police and insurance investigators. Auto makers are at last faced with demands for safety stand- ards; not by the lackadaisical Canadian government, but by the efficient U.S. administra- tion. And they' have pleaded guilty. "If we had not got the message before on the impor- tance of safety features, we have got it now," said an in- dustry spokesman. If given a reprieve from legislated safety measures, he confessed, "= think we could report substan- tial progress in less than a year." Why then, wiil ask the maimed victims and the be- reaved children, was substantial progress towards the safer auto- mobile not made five, 10 or even 20 years ago? Many fea- tures have been known as long as that; many industries police themselves, or are policed by government. What is so special about the auto industry? I asked Senator Speno. SALES DRIVE GUILTY "The auto industry operates the most powerful, wealthy and aggressive lobby in the world," he told me. "Have you had your sex life investigated?" I asked him, and he got the point. He has not been harassed by pri- vate investigators hired by the industry, as had been suffered by Mr. Nader who wrote the exposing book about cars titled, Unsafe at Any Speed. But he had had substantial sums of money offered him as '"'cam- paign contributions," he said, and these he regarded as sug- gestions that he should halt his safety campaign Senator Speno told me that in his opinion the guilty party in the automobile industry is not the engineer but the salesman. The engineer designs the pro- tective body-fitting space cap- sule from the inierior outwards, and this is infinitely more safe than the auto which the sales- man insists be designed from its glittering eye - appeal ex- terior inwards It now appears probable that the internationa! need for a safe car will be tackled jointly by governments in the U.S. and Canada. For iiis, credit must go to Senator Srena and Hew- ard Grafftey. Literally tens of thousands of Canadians have supported Mr. Grafftey's cam- paign by their letters and sig- natures, at my suggestion. He is still receiving letters with clipped copies of my column of Jan. 12 urging this. He tells me that this massive spontaneous public mail reaction has greatly strengthened iis resolve. Night Belongs To Guerrilla In Viet Jungle Warfare By HUGH MULLIGAN AP Newsfeatures Writer In Viet Nam, night belongs to the guerrilla fighter. American soldiers moving into the jungle to meet him on his own terms of ambush and swift withdrawal regard night patrols as a tense assignment. Coming from a_ world of lights, the soldier on night pa- trol finds himself prowling in single file through a strange and ominous world. Night patrol. No flashlights. No cigarettes. No talking. Un- der a moonless sky, lit faintly by the stars, the column moves forward, each man_ following the glow of two phosphorescent dots on the back of the man's helmet in front of him. Night is the time when the guerrilla plants his mines and sits safely in the crotch of a tree waiting to trip the wire. Paths cut through the jungle by previous columns must always be suspect Here the. guerrilla digs a shallow pit and plants the sharp - tipped bamboo stakes that can cripple a soldier. NEVER SILENT The jungle is never silent. Millions of insects and frogs send up a ceaséiess Gacophany, lizards and civet cats fill the night. with strange, mournful murmurings and every now and then, just when ncrves seem the most on edge, an exotic bird rends the night with a shriek Even worse is sudden silence in thé jungle. Is the enemy at hand, waiting to set off an am- bush? met nt nT v NTA aun VP NEVER HAD SUCH The patrol halts and listens, hugging the tall grass where spider' webs cling to sweat- smeared faces, straining for every new sound in the humid night. A small animal. scurries underfoot and disappears in the underbrush. Mosquitos resume their whirring, and the whole noisy chorus of the night picks 'up again. The squad leader gives his silent signal, a tug at the sleeve passed down the line, and the column moves out again, bend- ing the branches back, passing them down the line, as silently as the signal The darkness dissolves to re- veal a slow - moving river, muddy and dun-colored in the opaque light of the stars. The patrol crouches on the bank, all ears straining again for the slap-slap of waves against the bow of an enemy sampan, NIGHT EXPLODGS§ Suddenly the night explodes in light. A flare balloons down to earth on a tiny parachute. An outpost is under attack. Not knowing the size of the attacking force, the American matral dar «© eooinet attacking patrol.dec against attacking the attackers. Instead the squad leader breaks radio silence, gives the location as best he can figure it and calls for an air strike Then the men pick up their rifles and begin the long walk back through the jungle, always along a new route, always in the same silence. nnn HORROENEUHHSUERRE TA W tu] HOME Have Official Home Represenjgtives has voted in favor by a@ narrow margin. The vice-president, who re- ceives an annual salary of $43,- 000 and $10,000 allowance, all taxable, has never had an of- ficial home Although he is automatic suc- cessor to the presidency in event of the president's death, his. of- fice was long regarded. as rela- tively minor. WANT HIM TO STAY But rising administrative pressure has given it more im- portance. And the assassination of John Kennedy, which brought Lyndon Johnson to the No. 1 of- fice, has made Congress more aware of the position of vice- president Humphrey, then a -senator, borrowed money from his father to buy his home in- suburban Chevy Chase when he arrived in Washington in 1948 The Humphréys raised their four children in. the house~ where the palm prints of each of the children are pressed into the cement patio---and the vice- president says '"'You know I love my little home--it's all bought and paid for."' His neighbors don't want him to move. After his 1964 election victory he was welcomed home by a sign saying: 'Roses are red, violets are blue; don't move away 'cause we all love you Some Republicans also want him to stay where he is, declar- ing that inflation and the Viet Nam war make this an inop- portune time to build what. one called a "'frill on thee hill,*' ARGUE OVER SITE Location of the proposed. res idence has aroused controversy. The present plan, on which $45,- 000 would be spent this year, is to take 10 acres from a.72-acre plot dominating embassy row on Massachusetts Avenue But there was a bill last year to take the Victorian 33-room residence of the naval chief of operations on the sams avenue. That proposal might have found support from the other services since their bosses have to live in less-opulent surroundings well out of town. But it didn't. go over with navy people One vice-admiral's wife, per- haps thinking she might one day live there, said in print: 'How do you expect men to volunteer for Viet Nam when we at home constantly tear down all the military traditions of the past Democratic Senator George Smathers of Florida, sponsor of that bill, retorted that the naval chief could make do bv "pulling a battleship into the Potomac River.' The present plan is to leave the design of the vice-presiden- tial home to government archi tects. Commenting on this, the New. York Herald Tribune, com plained that their buildings are "ort always esthetic successes." CANADA'S STORY GO-GO IN WALTZ TIME TANNER Women's Votes Easy By BOB BOWMAN It was on April 12, 1917, that women were granted the right to vote in Ontario. Manitoba had taken the lead in March, 1916, beating Saskatchewan by one day. Alberta followed quick- ly, and British Columbia grant- ed the vote to women on April 5, 1917, one week before On- tario. Universal suffrage was com- ing. Women got a partial fed- eral franchise later in 1917 when Parliament passed the Wartime Elections Act. It gave votes to women who had close relatives serving with the arm- ed forces. The same session of Parliament introduced the in- come tax, which was supposed to be a "temporary wartime measure!". Both income tax and votes for women got through Parliament without arousing much interest because the nation was embroiled in the conscription issue. 'Complete en- franchisement for women in federal elections came in 1918 Nova Scotia gave women the vote in 1918, New Brunswick in 1919, Prince Edward Island in 1922, and Newfoundland in 1925. The women of Quebec had the longest wait. Strangely enough, they were allowed to w vote on some issues between 1809 and 1834, but that right was taken away soon after, and not restored until 1940. The federal government granted women the right to be- come members of Parliament in 1920 Agnes Macphail was the first woman member of the House of Commons, elected in 1921 as a United Farmers representative. Her constituency was South East Grey. She was the only woman member of the .Com- mons for 19 years. Votes for women in Canada came largely through the pro- hibition movement. Local Coun- cils of Women were strongly supported by the Women's Christian Temperance Union. A forerunner of the suffrage movement in Canada was the Toronto Women's Literary Club organized by Dr. Emily Howard Stowe in 1876 OTHER EVENTS ON APRIL 12 1776--Thomas Frobisher sent to build fort at Churchill River, Hudson's Bay 1820--Lord Dalhousie made Governor - in - Chief of British North America 1832--Lower Canada legislature granted equal rights to people of Jewish faith Campaign For Protection Of Investors' Rounds Bend By KEN SMITH Canadian Press Business Editor The 30-year battie to provide Canadian investors wit' more protection turned a corner last week when Ontario introduced long-awaited amendments to its securities laws: The amendments, much tougher than many observers had anticipated, were quickly teuted as a basis for effective, country-wide controls. Several persons, noting Ontario's secur- ities legislation has set the pace for the rest of Canada in many areas, expressed the hope other provinces again would follow suit. PROBLEM SPOTTED One potential problem was spotted quickly, however, both in the proposed Ontario regula- tions and in the dreams of uni- form legislation for Canada--ad- ministration. A lawyer noted the Ontario amendments parallel in many ways the United States' laws, but said a basic reason for the effectiveness. of the U.S. con- trols since they were introduced 30 years ago has been the hard line adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission in enforcing them. So far, he said, the Ontario Securities Commission has not been given authority or means to take a similar stand and, de- Spite recent increasing Co-oper- ation between provincial com- missions, there is no uniform policy on how régulations across Canada should he enforced WILL BE DISCUSSED This question'is certain to get a lot of attention when provin cial officials meet to discuss the over-all problem, likely in Ot tawa about the end of May Essentially, the amendments would set up tighter controls on insider trading, where a person makes a profit on information not available to the public, fi- nancial reporting for the public, proxieg and prospeciuses, The legislation is based on the report of the royal commis- sion which investigated the rise and fall of shares of Windfall Oils and Mines Ltd. in. July, 1964. Elsewhere on the business gcene,-attempte..to.set up.a.gen- eral $10-a-ton price increase for newsprint foundered. The break in the pattern-- which would have raised east- ern producers' prices to $144 a ton in U.S. funds and West- Coast makers' charge to $134-- came when International Paper Sales Ltd., announced a $7-a- ton increase. DROPPED INCREASE Domtar Ltd. and Bowater Pa- per Co. Ltd., which had previ- ously announced a $10 raise, quickly dropped the increase to $5, and postponed it for six weeks to May 16. Other companies which had committed themselves to a $10 increase were reported re-as- sessing their stand in the light of the new developments. There was plenty of specula- tion about the causes of the roll back, with some sources sug- gesting pressure from the U.S., in light of that country's bal- ance of payments troubles, was the major factor. Almost 75 per cent of Can- ada's annua! production of about 8;000,000 tons goes to the U.S., so a $l-a-ton increase would have resulted in an addi- tional drain. of U.S dollars Another source, however, ar- gued the price jockeying sim- ply reflects' market forces at work "We tried a $10 increase and it looked okay until someone un- dercut us," he said "With all producers at capacity now we might have been able to make it stick; but there's a lot of addi- tional capacity to come on stream in.the next few years 'We have. to keep our cus- tomers content now so. they won't switch in two years or ao," 1838--Samuel Lount and Peter Matthews hanged at To- ronto for part in Upper Canada rebellion 1853---Five small amalgamated in Trunk Railway 1867--Imperial government au- thorized loan of three mil- lion pounds to build Hali- fax-St. Lawrence railway 1876--Canada Shipping Com- pany organized by Mont- real merchants railways Grand SE aD ACCORDING TO BOYLE .. By HAL BOYLE NEW YORK (AP)--Things a columnist might never know if he didn't open his mail: Life is getting easier all the time: A quarter of a.cen- tuny ago the coffee break was fairly uncommon in industry. . .. Today many U.S. firms now pay for the coffee their employees consume in these twice-a-day breaks in the of- fice routine. Wood that warns: Coal miners like to use tunnel sup- ports made from loblolly pine trees because when pressure becomes too great the lob- lolly props groan aloud--thus warning of an impending cave-in. Know your language: It probably won't help your snif- fles any to learn that the word influenza comes from an Arabic expression "anf al anza,"' which literally means "the nose of the goat'"--which always drips. Quotable notables: "'A man is a fool if he drinks before the age of 50, and a fool if he..doosn't-att pes we Doe NO" GGCSR VG LOrwara 1 rar Lloyd Wright, who liked a single nip of Irish whisky be- fore dinner It is hard today--and get- ting harder--to tell the real color of a woman's hair... . But among those without ben- efit of tints or dyes, brunettes out ber natural blondes 5 to 1... . Only one out of 33 has red hair. Speaking of the ladies, some 9,000,000 now use fla- vored lipstick. .. . Among the lip - smacking new flavors available are candymint punch, cinnamon swizzle, su- garplum punch, and eggnog grog. By WILLIAM L. RYAN Associated Press Staff Writer ..The Soviet Communist party's 23rd congress has delivered a stinging slap to China by reject- ing use of the threat of total war as an instrument of world Com-. munist policy. The net result of the congress will be to deepen the chasm between Moscow and Peking. : The Kremlin leaders also scaled down Nikita Khrush- chev's economic boasts and muted the strident bellicosity which the former Soviet chief used as a tool of foreign policy. Under Khrushchev, the 22nd congress in 1961 carried on its business to the thundering ac- companiment of newnuclear bomb tests and Soviet pressure on West Berlin. Khrushchev con- stantly_implied Soviet superior- ity in modern weapons of de- struction. At this congress, remarks about Soviet military might and prospects were perhaps pur- posely vague. The impression left by leaders was that they would be wary of creating new and dangerous tensions, for all their talk of support for the Communists in Viet Nam against the United States. BLAMES THE U.S. To account for the slowdown of economic development, Kosy- gin has fixed the blame on a combination of Khrush- chev's policies and the attitudes of the United States. Khrush- chev, he said, posed unsound economic targets and the U.S. threatened world peace. Thus, consumer gains would have to be limited. "The international situation has seriously deteriorated in re- cent years because of the United States and . . . the Soviet Union has thus been compelled to in- crease expenditures on de- fence," Kosygin said in his eco- nomic report. Kosygin's speech confirmed that new economic measures discussed last September by the party were going into effect. These involve profitability, ma- terial incentives, bonuses for factory and office workers, pri- vate house-building, increased production of passenger auto- mobiles and a number of other. measures which can work pro- found psychological change in the U.S.S.R. This is a continuation, evid- ently, of the turning inward of the Soviet Union toward its own backyard problems, It promises to arouse little in China's Com- munist leadership but rage and scorn, and to drive the wedge more deeply and securely be- tween the two brands of Com- munism. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS April 12, 1966 "Boss" Tweed died in a New York prison 88 years ago today--in 1878--while servinp a 12-year term for fraud. The real power in New York city politics from 1857 to 1871, Tweed domi- nated the Tammany Hall party headquarters and he and his friends lined their pockets with between $45,- 000,000 and $200,000,000 in embezzled taxes and pay- offs. The 'Tweed Ring" was eventually exposed by an accountant who went to New York Times with his story. Tweed escaped from prison in 1875 and fled to Spain, where he was recap- tured. 1811--J. J. Astor led the first settlers to the Ameri- can northwest at Cape Dis- appointment, Wash. 1845 -- The United States annexed 'Texas: First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1916 -- British troops forced a Turkish force to halt on the River Tigris; artillery was busy on both sides near Douaumont and Vaux at Verdun. Second World War Twenty - five years ago today -- in 1941 -- German units in Greece made their first attack on British forces at Bitolj; a Free Norwe- gian destroyer raided fish factories at Oekss fjord; RCAF aircraft shot up 100 vehicles and déstroyed 21 aircraft in Libya. WE'RE HANDING YOU EUROPE ON A SILVER PLATTER If you've got the time, we've got everything else... A BOAC flight at the very time you want to travel. And new low, low fares! This summer there's.a record number of 29 transatlantic flights a week from Toronto. Jet direct to London by magnificent BOAC Rolls-Royce 707 or Air Canada giant DC-8 jet. From April 1, the new low transatlantic fares come into effect. 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