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She Gshawa Times - Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher MONDAY, FEBRUARY 14, 1966 -- PAGE 4 Canada Again Expands Foreign Aid Program The announcement that Canada has increased four-fold its pledged contribution to the world food pro- gram of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization is yet another indication of the importance the federal government is placing on foreign aid. Agriculture Minis- ter Greene recently committed Canada to a $30 million budget -- an amount exceeded only by the U.S. and Germany. Canada is now spending nearly $250 million a year in foreign as- sistance programs and this amount is likely to be still further increased in the months ahead. Even at $400 million, a target expected to be reached by 1970, the national ex- penditure would be only about one- tenth of that of the United States. The percentage of the gross nation--- al product -- some 7.5 -- would' compare favorably with the U.S. commitment. Canada is often criticized for her gigantic dollar wheat sales to Com- munist countries but receives small credit for hér aid to developing countries in the Free World. That we are doing more along this line, however, is what counts. As 1965 When---Real According to Dr. Kenneth E. Wil- son, associate professor of sur- gery at the University of Ottawa, the rate of increase in traffic deaths and injuries in Canada over the past six years has been higher than that for population growth or the number of vehicles in use. Traffic deaths and injuries he said, have risen 11 per cent annually. Dr. Wilson provided startling statistics to = t his stat nt. In 1965, traific accidents kied 4,800 Canadians, injured 149,500 and eost more than a billion dollars She Oshawa Times T, L, WILSON, Publisher R CG ROOKE, Generel Manager Cc. J. MeCONECHY. Editor Times conmining The Oshowe Times 1871) ond the itby Gazette established is published daily end Statutory a. excepted). 1863) ity Newspaper Publish ort rotiaion. The: Conadion Prem, Aust Bureou ef Circulation Fagg ie eogag od Provincia! Deilies is ly "titled to the use of republication of ail news pn ich laggy hag yong eliy Magn Associated the news published ae All hadae of special dee in. ri cerches are also reserved. Bullding, 425 ___ Univers Avenue, eab Cathoort Street Montreal, P.Q. aeeraa ovate SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered Ba carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickeri: Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, By sd Albert, aed Grove, Hampton, Frenchman' Liverpoc!, Tounton tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono, scent Brougham trae! Claremont, janchester, pool, and Newcastle, not over Y y ml in ite of Ontarie delivery area, '. Other provinces and Commonwea ountrien $18.00 per year. yeor. jes, USA. and Sonar $27.00. par ended, the Canadian External Aid Office reported that it had helped 66 needy countries. Last month $15 million in emergency food was granted to India, following a re- cently completed shipment of $10 million in wheat. India has been a heavy recipient of Canadian. aid since 1950 when Canada joined the United States, Britain, Australia, Japan and New Zealand in a program of aid and technical assistance in South and Southeast Asia. Since then Canada has contributed $528,678,000 in grants, loans and credits to various countries. India alone has received $317 million in aid. In the last de- cade similar aid has been channeled through other plans for Comnion- wealth countries in Africa and the Caribbean, for French - speaking countries of Africa and Asia, and most recently, for Latin America. Such aid programs as these rep- resent the best methods devised to promote world peace and security. Canada's role in these important in- ternational projects can be a source of pride and satisfaction for her countrymen. Question in lost wages, medical expenses and property damage. It represents a 65 per cent increase in injuries and a 45 per cent increase in deaths over 1960. And the really sad part of it all is that we seem almost totally incapable of doing anything to reduce the toll. A psychologist, Dr. B. J. Camp- bell, of Cornell University, speaking on the same subject, said that being thrown out of a car is the greatest cause of severe injuries and being smashed against the steering wheel, dashboard or wind- shield, the next most frequent cause. Risk of death is two-and-a- half times greater for persons thrown out. Dr. Campbell's observations point to the value of seat belts and shoulder harness as safety features that could save many from serious injury and death. The big diffi- culty, of course, is in getting people to use safety belts every time they step into a car. Even though they know taking such precautions could save their lives,-most-people-prefer to trust to luck and cling to the conviction that accidents always happen to someone else. But the question of whether or not an individual will be involved in a serious automobile accident becomes daily more academic. The real question is when it will happen. OTTAWA REPORT Private M Momhers = we eee Keep Tab On Tax By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--The order paper of the House of Commons is the happy hunting ground for the private member, especially the opposition member. There party discipline is felt at its lightest, and full scope is given for the originality and industry of the individual. The written ques- tions addressed to the ministry, the notices_of motion and the private members bills all offer the private MP the chance fo pursue the topics which interest him and concern his' constitu- ents the most. The spate of questions placed in the opening days of this ses- sion revealed a widespread anx- jety that the taxpayer's dollar should be husbanded with care. Many MPs asked how much money is being spent in various fields, and implying that most economical course is not always chosen. For instance, Bob Coates, a Conservative from Nova Scotia, asked: "What is the total amount of expenditure of the federal government, made or undertaken or planned, in con- nection with Expo 67?' Inde- pendent Conservative Maurice Allard from Quebec found an off-beat angle in asking: "In 1964-65 how much did it cost Canada to keep nuclear war- heads, including expenses for storage, men and dogs?" WHAT COST REPRIEVE? With a debate looming on whether ca pital punishment should be retained or abolished, Creditiste Laprise from Quebec asked: 'What is the estimated cost to the federal government of. each death sentence com- muted to life imprisonment dur- ing the past 10 years?" and "What was the cost of each of the death sentences carried. out during the past 10 years, includ- ing the cost of trial and execu- tion?" And Nova Scotia's Conserva- tive Bob McCleave asks: 'Does the government of Canada pay a yearly retainer to any Cana- dian for services as public hang- man?" On the other and more hu- mane. side of that question, Tor- onto's Ralph Cowan introduced the _ a motion that "the govethment should consider the creation of a criminal injuries compensa- tion board to hear the pleas of persons who have suffered per- manent injury or disability as the victims of crime, and award compensation to such persons or their dependents as would seem fair in the circumstances, and wherever possible to do so, to impose payment of compensa- tion by criminals to those they have injured." Britain and some American states have already adopted sys- tems somewhat similar 'to this very equitable suggestion. BENEFITS QUESTIONED Many MPs are questioning the expenditure of the taxpay- er's dollar in manners which appear to benefit the political party in power. Conservative Jack Irvine, of London, Ont., presumably has this in mind when he asks: "What was the total cost of publicizing the Canada Pension Plan in 1965?" and Winnipeg's New Democrat David Orlikow asks similarly: "What was the cost of this campaign in news- papers, magazines, radio, TV, etc., and from what source was the money spent?" He also asks a similar ques- tion about the similar advertis- ing campaign to explain the provisions of the Canada Labor Standards Code. Both these ad- vertising campaigns were spon- sored bv the federal govern- ment in the months before or during the election campaign, More pungently, Dr. P a Rynard, of Orillia, introduces a bill entitled "An act to amend the Canada Elections Act (ad- vertising during electoral cam- paign),"' which would prohibit any government from advertis- ing "plans, schemes, projects and programs which can in any way be considered as political propaganda" during an election campaign J. N. Ormiston, from Saskat- chewan, presumably has some- thing similar in mind when he asks: "Have National Film Board facilities been used for the preparation or screening of films for any. political party, organization or representative since April 22, 1963"? Menzies Controlled Politics Of Australia As No Other MELBOURNE (CP) -- Sir Robert Menzies, who has just retired after 16 years as Aus- tralian prime minister, has dominated politics as no other man has done in the country's history. The excitement about Men- zies' going, simmering for months, became intense in Oc- tober when he hought a house in a Melbourne suburb, a two- storey, seven-room dwelling in a leafy garden setting. He bought it to retire to, he admitted, of- fering the first tangible evi- dence that he really would one day quit the heights of national and international politica] life for the quiet of a suburb street. He had talked about it before He had given hints. But half of Australia's population is under 30. And few of those millions could ever remember any prime minister but Menzies. So it seemed he would go on forever He was 71 Dec. 20 last. And last July, on his return from his yearly world trip, he said "Any self - respecting man of my age must give thought to his future and his duties. I am doing that." A travel - weary Menzies went into hospital for a check- up, came out bright and perky, said, 'I feel perfectly well," and scoffed at reports that he was going to give up political life immediately But when the federal Parlia- ment rose before Christmas, he gave a hint that it might be his last as government leader. The man who had been wait- ing in the wings for nearly 17 years while Menzies ruled su- preme was Harold Holt, 57, fed- eral treasurer since 1958 and a faithful Menzies ally Holt, who succeeded Menzies as prime minister, marked his 30th year as a member of Par- liament last year. He is suave, capable, energetic, an efficient political machine. He has none of the magnetic Menzics appeal --but neither has any other Aus- tralian politician Still, the-publie-reiations- men have plenty to work on in Holt. He is a smooth public school product, has a happy family life, is seen often with his two small grandchildren at his beachside home at Portsea, 60 miles south of Melbourne, and has a wife. Zara, who is suc- cessful in her own right as a leading Australian dress - de- signer. nAUA THA CAD TIT UVUWIN LV bis Colorful By JOHN LeBLANC TORONTO (CP) -- Along with the nobler inhabitants of the formal history books, it turns out, Canada's early an- nals are peopled by as lively a collection of con-men, intrigu- ers, pirates and other assorted down - to - earth characters as ever marched through the cen- turies anywhere, They all turn up in a forth- coming book whose own history has a catchy twist. It grew from birdseed James Nicholson of Toronto, who became a millionaire mak- ing canary food and other bird requirements,.was also a stu- dent of historical biography. When he died in 1952 at the age of 91, he left an endowment for publishing a nationa] reference work on Canadian individuals The result is the first volume of the Dictionary of Canadian Biography and a matching Dic- tionnaire biographique du Can- ada being published as a joint work of the University of Tor- onto Press and Les Presses de l'Universite Laval of Quebec. It covers the period up to 1700 Succeeding ones, each dealing with shorter eras, will work their way up to current times over 15 to 20 years The initial product is not only a remarkable example of bilin- gual collaboration -- if only in getting controversial materia! to come out the same in both languages -- but it spotlights many. little-known facets of his tory and rounds out the 594 ollection In Annals Of Canadians characters with all the warts that have been filtered out of © many standard works. Apart from the regular types like the, Cabots, Frontenac and the like, they range alphabeti- cally through a wide degree of heroics and rascality in be- tween Abraham, John, who ab- sconded with a salary advance from the Hudson's Bay Com pany but later came back as governor of Port Nelson, to the dubious claim to Canadian fame of the brothers Zeno, Nic- olo and Antonio The Zeno boys, according to @ book published. by their fam- ily in 1558, explored as far afield from their native Venice as Nova Scotia about 1380, which would put them a cen- tury up on Columbus. The bi ography brands the story a crude fabrication, though say- ing it had an astounding ac- ceptance for a long time Another with a tenuous claim on history is David Ingram, an English seaman, who was picked up on the mainland near Cape Breton in 1569 with the story that he had spent 'the last year or so walking the 2,000 miles from Mexico after the Spaniards had defeated a Brit- ish fleet in the Gulf of Mexico The biography is skeptical about his yarn, too Jacques Boisdon has a more valid place. In 1648 he played a part in the origin of the basic rules for tavern-keeping, which aren't too much changed today, He got the first franchise to run % a drink shop in Quebec, and the council of New France decreed he must prevent "any unseem- liness, drunkenness, blasphe or games or chance' in ti house. . ; The book settles on Bjarni Herjolfsson,. a Norseman, as the first European to sight the east coast of North American in about 986, coming independently to the same conclusion as au- thor Farley Mowat in his re cent book Westviking. Historian T. J. Oleson says in the biog- raphy there are strong argu- ments that Bjarni saw New- foundland. Labrador and Baffin Island after being driven off course on a voyage from Green- Jand to Iceland. A bit.later -- around 1005-- Snorri Thorfinnson became the first white child born on the North American continent, pos- sibly in what now is Canada His parents were in a group of Icelanders who briefly coilon- ized an area that may have been Newfoundland, Nova Sco- tia or Massachusetts, most likely Massachusetts It will come as a surprise to many to learn that the Dutch once "conquered" Acadia and laid claim to the Nova Scotia- New Brunswick region under the name of New Holland. A Dutch frigate commander, Ju- riaen Aernoutsz, on a foray against English and French pos- sessions in 1674 mopped up on the French forts on both sides of the Bay of. Fundy. However, he soon movéd out and the French moved back in. Big Mouth was the name given to an Onondaga Indian chief and orator who often acted as a peace negotiator between Indians and French around 1660-1690. Depending on who was describing him, he was called "a real buffoon,' 'most distinguished' or with the "strongest head and loudest voice'. among the natives Peter Easton, the "arch-pri rate,' rates a half - admiring sketch. This renegade British seaman arrived in Newfound- land in 1610 with 10 ships and set up headquarters at Harbor Grace, plundering up and down the island coast for a couple of vears. He left the settlers un- harmed and once was presented by them with some pigs. Later he headed for the Barbary Coast of the Mediterranean in search of Spanish treasure ships and eventually bought a palace there, set up a ware house for his booty and lived in luxury under the title of Mar- quis of Savoy George Jchnson was an Eng- taken the Pilgrims to Canada lish Puritan who would instead of the United States ex- cept for a series of misfortunes including his own irascibility With three companions he led an expedition in 1597 to start a colony of the church separatists in the Magdalen Islands. But they were wrecked off Cape Breton and stripped by French fishermen. have GOT STARTED AND CAN'T STOP event erm CANADA'S STORY SLM Gu oT POMEL) Snowshoe When driving across western Ontario, a worthwhile detour can be made from Sault 'Ste. Marie to visit the old French: fort of Michilimackinac on the south shore of Mackinac Straits. It played an important role for many years in the early devel- opment of Canada because it commanded the most important trading routes west of Lake Huron, Those early voyageurs would be astonished if they could see the bridge that spans the Straits of Mackinac today. It is one of the biggest in the world and provides a spectacu- lar view of the surrounding countryside. La Mothe Cadillac was one of the famous soldier - explorers who commanded the French base at Michilimackinac, and made several trips to Montreal and back on snowshoes. Perhaps he got a little tired of this, be- cause he persuaded King Louis and Count Frontenac to build another fort at Detroit, which he felt was in a more strategic posi- tion. Hence the link between Cadillac and Detroit today. Michilimackinac fell to the British on February 14, 1761. There is nothing in history that Says they sent valentines an- nouncing their arrival! As soon ASAE a Na as General Amherst had captur- ed Montreal, he sent a force of 200 men under Major Rogers to capture both Detroit and Michil- imackinac. It wss then that another great name in the automotive world came into prominence. A great many of the Indians resented Britain capturing Canada from France, and Chief Pontiac vow- ed that he would "drive the Brit- ish from the face of the earth". While he certainly did not suc- ceed in that objective, he stirred up so much trouble that 2000 British subjects, including wom- en and children, were mas- sacred in 1763. One of the most spectacular incidents was a fake lacrosse game played at Michilimackinac to celebrate the king's birthday, and that story will be told-in June. Other Events on February 14: 1826 Colonel John By arrived to build Rideau Canal 1836 George Jehosophat Moun- tain made Anglican Bishop of Montreal 1853 Parliament opened at Que- bec for "railroad session'"' 1859 Queensborough paid out as capital of British Columbia 1890 $500,000 fire at University of Toronto 1915 Main force of Canadian nu a ne 0 Kremlin Determined To Hold Upper Hand In Mongolia Affairs MOSCOW (CP)--The visit to Mongolia of Leonid Brezhnev, Soviet Communist party boss, reflects the Kremlin's determin- ation to maintain the upper hand in a country where the U.S.S.R. and China openly com- pete for influence Mongolia, a sparsely-settled land lying between the two feud- ing giants, has been gradually setiiing inio the Soviet orbit de- spite Peking's efforts to main- tain its once-powerful position there. However, Moscow still occa- sionally shows nervousness about the situation. This has be- come particularly noticeable since opposition appeared in the upper reaches of the adminis- tration of Mongolia a little more than a year ago. The revolt, which had been brewing for some years, was basically a rebellion against the leadership's policy of siding wholeheartedly with the Soviet Union in the Sino-Soviet dispute rather than adopting an de- tendent position It was quelled by Yumjagin Tsedenbal, first secretary of the Mongolian Communist party, and his followers, but not be- fore the opposition had thor- oughly aired its grievances at a hectic three-day session of the party's central committee The meeting culminated in ex- pulsion from the party of three officials previously regardedas promising candidates for future high office Moscow, which had invested large economic aid sums and years of ideological and polit- ical effort in the strategically important country, was shaken by the events in Ulan Bator Within weeks a high-level So- viet delegation headed by Alex- ander Shelepin went to Mongolia on a disciplinary visit. Shelepin is believed to have made clear to Tsedenbal that the Kremlin expected him to act vigorously against any threat to Soviet in- terests in. Mongoffa. a country Moscow regards as a' vital buffer to Chinese expansion to- ward Soviet borders, At the same time the Soviet Union agreed to increase eco- nomic aid to Mongolia, an ag- rarian-oriented land which only in recent times has begun to industrialize, and determined to pay much closer attention to Mongolia in every way. smoescenes eget ETT MNT A mm 'Cadillac' troops arrived in France: PPCLI had gone into front line January 6 1920 University of Montreal in- corporated 1921 Session of Parliament open- en that introduced nickel in five cent coins. YEARS AGO 15 YEARS AGO Feb. 14, 1951 R. §. Berkinshaw, CBE, vice- president and general manager and treasurer of Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. called for a more realistic attitude on the part of Canadians in facing up to the dangers inherent in Im- perialistic Communism. He was speaking at the Masonic Lebanon Lodge No. 139, AF and AM. City Council was criticized by the Oshawa and District Labor Council for taking "a back- ward stand" by raising the dog licence fee 30 YEARS AGO Feb. 14, 1936 Dr. A. S. Hazard, director of the Institute for Fisheries Re- search in Michigan, told 200 fishermen at a convention ban- quet_that_fishing_in-the U,S._is becoming the same as in Can- ada -- poor. A report in The Oshawa Times that television was about to invade Ontario caused some apprehension among local radio dealers, but a television engin- eer in Toronto said it would be "some years" before commer- cial television would be suffi- ciently "perfected"' to allow for public reception. EL | LIBERALS GAIN STRENGTH AS BEST FOR BUSINESS By The Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (World Copyright Reserved) Public opinion has remained much the same, over the past decade, as to whether Liberals or Conservatives are most con- cered with Small Business in- terests. However Liberals have gained a dominating lead in the public's mind as best serving the interests of Big Business, compared to 1954 when Liberals and Conservatives were given an almost equal rating. So far as small business in- The question "Which Political Party in 0 terests are concerned, in 1954 the voters gave Liberals a 30%; rating to the Conservatives (12%). Today the Liberals at 26%; Conservatives at 14%. Conservatives at 14%. On the other hand, in the early fifties, Liberals stood at 28%, Conservatives at 26% as the Party best serving the interests of Big Business. Tody Liberals are upped to 35%; Conserva- tives down to 18% The same trend question is used by the Gallup Poll to chart public opinion on this matter. ittawa do you think serves the interests of Big Bust (small busi ) The Best?) Table below compares attitudes in three time periods. Serves Big Business Best? LUDOTOIS 8, Sy i sveecisecses Conservatives .....ssees te (COF.) Soc:-Credit Undecided NDP INE. Serves Small Business Best? LIDETAIS she sces Conservatives . (C.C.F.) N DP. Soc-Credit Undecided Only among the farm popula- tion today is there a dissenting voice in the opinion that Liberals are best for both large and small business. Indecision is at its -highest among farmers 56%. But those with an opinion, divide closely between Liberals 1954 28%, 1962 TODAY 38%, 35% 26 21 18 4 1 1 39 46 27 26 18 14 7 7 2 4 46 49 and Conservatives as being most concerned with small business. For Big Business they, give the Liberals a big lead Columns may add to more than 100% because some named more than one Party, BY DON O'HEARN TORONTO--The Ontario Med- ical Association started this year in fine fettle on the eve of its opening session when it un- wrapped a campaign against national medicare. The association wrote all its members: (about 7,500 doctors) end suggested they write their patients arguing against the pro- gram. This opposition by the doctors, of course, is against a national health plan. It isn't directed against the limited program On- tario intends to start this year. Nevertheless their campaign will be important to the legis- lature. The government can be ex-- pected to use it as ammunition both in bargaining with Ottawa and in defending its position against opposition attack here in the House. And the opposition, on the other hand, will probably casti- gate the doctors as part of its attack on the government's pro- gram. BE PATIENT So far as the public is: con- cerned it would seem we would probably be wise to keep our tongues in cheek in the midst of the sound and fury. The most sensible viewpoint would seem to be to keep pa- tience and let the argument con- tinue. The public could easily get aroused about the medical profession, and sections of the medical program, probably will arouse some criticisms. But it sliould be remembered that what the doctors are really doing is presenting their case, or bargaining, if you will. Although it is part of their campaign to mention various possibilities of a threatening na- ture--such as limited service available under a medical insu- Trance program--the important lear of the doctors is that a na- tional program would be com- pulsory for them, and that they would, in effect, become public servants. REMOTE POSSIBILITY This possibility, however, is not very real as yet. To date there is nothing even real about a national medicare program as such. Only tentative proposals have been made by the federal gov- ernment. And even these, it now appears, may be substantially changed. The doctors, however, are making their point now before a decision is made which could bind them; and they really can't be criticized. Germans Held Big Spenders BONN (AP) -- "Regional dishes. Goulash. Schnitzel." The signwas in southern Spain. There, as in Turkey, Bul- garia, Tunisia and even Florida, businessmen with a sharp eye are out for the patronage of the increasingly affluent German tourist. "The Americans used to be the big spenders; Then they pub- lishe] that Europe On $5 a Day book and suddenly their purse- staings tightened." a Paris res- taurateur told a customer. "Now it's the Germans whe come to spend." Enjoying an economic expan- sion which some economists predict will be their undoing, West Germans have become the most widely travelled Euro- peans, Holidays in Kenya or by the Red Sea have become com- mon. Travei agencies organize group tours around the year to southoactaln Kovnt and the In. dian Ocean. Some 10,000,000 West Germans almost one in five--vacationed abroad last year, tourist agen- cies estimate. Top attractions prere Austria, Italy and Switzer- land, but 50,000 wound up in the United States. BIBLE All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them -- Matthew 7:12. 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