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i) "he Osama Times | 7 Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L, Wilson, Publisher WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1965 -- PAGE 4 Re More Than 'Fun Of Fair Expected From Expo 67 Something more than the usual "fun of the fair" is expected by On- tario residents from Expo 67, A mo- tivational research study shows they are seriously interested in the major Canadian Centennial under- taking and regard it in no way as "just another circus". The reactions likely to be. indi- cated by Ontario residents to Expo have been gauged in a report pre- pared for the Ontario department of economics and development by a New- York firm, the Institute. for Anglytical Research. Findings are based on so-called depth interviews with 200 Ontario residents. Apparently most regard the Mon- tred] world's fair as a vehicle to project the Canadian 'identity, to ovefcome Ontario-Quebec antagon- isms and to strengthen Canadian ew While most will be looking for 'recreation at the fair, "they made it plain, either directly or by implication, that they do not envis- age: the coming event as just anoth- ' er circus, or an excuse to take a OD. is" About three-quarters of those in- terviewed said they felt the world's fair. should "mean-something--of- fer something worthwhile, not just fun and novelty". Eighty-two per cent said Expo should reflect Can- ada's culture, A consensus such as has been pro- vided by the research firm can have value for Canadian parliamentar- ians as they, too, study in depth the plans for Expo 67 during the next Commons session. Canada's first world's fair will be an expensive pro- position; federally the estimate has spiralled from $20 to $64 million, Ontario has already committed $5 million for the construction of a pavilion. With the high expectations indi- cated in the Ontario survey, intelli- gence and imagination in the devel- opment of Canada's Centennial showplace is required by the plan- ners -- and the parliamentarians who oversee their efforts Santa And James Bond Poor old Santa Claus will be trav- elling in rough company next Christ- mas Eve. The word from the trade publications is that toymakers are marshalling their forces for a James Bond Christmas. The Financial Post this week predicts the biggest new line will be the gadgets of the spy and counter- spy world -- like the plastic porta- ble 'radio that opens out in a sub- machine gun. The James Bond-type toys are expected to be among the hottest sellers this year. The line willinclude attache cases that shoot real camera pictures from inside, pens that become squirt guns and such things as silencers, attachable She Oshatwn Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher * --&. C, ROOKE, General Manoger C. J. MeCONECHY, Editor ' Oshewo Times comb! The Oshawa Times mu} he itby Gozette end le i 63) published daily Sundays end Statutory poten mae tg ity f 'ublish- Bsocigtion. The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau ond the Ontario Provincial Dailies lotion, The Canadian Press is exclusively lo the use of republication of ell news in the credited to It or to The irved, Building, 425 University Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, ig Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverppe!, Tounton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Oreno, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester, Pontypool, and Newcastle, not over 50¢, per week. By mail in Province of Ontarie cutside carrier delivery area, $15.00 r yeor, Provinces and Commonwealth Countries, U.S.A. and foreign $27.00 per gun stocks and periscopic sights. Of course, there'll be a wider choice available. Horror toys will be big again this Christmas. You'll be able to buy for Junior hobby build- ing kits of Frankenstein, Dracula and the Hunchback of Notre Dame. A big seller from last year will again be on the market -- a guillo- tine which severs a head and pro- duces something like blood on the blade. The opportunity will be also avail- able to add to your son's military toy arsenal. And there'll be a crash-car table top racing toy. The ears break up and lose their parts when they get into a crash. Now the youngsters will be able to take these "toys" in their stride. They'll play with them, enjoy them immensely and be able to sleep at night. The question is, will you? Other Editors' Views ABSOLUTE RUBBISH (Hamilton Spectator) Each year, according to sources we know and trust, the average Englishman throws away four times his weight in rubbish, while Mr. Typical American tosses away six times his weight. Could it be that most of the rub- bish one sees on American (and Canadian) magazine racks still hasn't found a way of crossing the Atlantic safety? WASHINGTON (A)--If the war in Viet Nam explodes into "another Korea," how will it affect the American of military age? The housewife? The busi- nessman? Will there be another crash drive to assemble and equip enough men to do the fighting? Panic buying and hoarding? The imposition of controls on the economy? j In examining these questions, a striking fact emerges: The United States is far bet- ter prepared for limited war to- day, in both the military and economic sectors, than it was June 25, 1950, when the Korean War suddenly erupted. Consequently, U.S, officials believe there will be less clash- ing of gears, fewer dislocations, if escalation in Viet Nam forces the United States to the war- time stance required by the Korean War. 2 In the three years of that con- flict: --29,550 Americans were killed and 106,978 were listed as wounded or missing. --The draft call was stepped up to 80,0009 men a month. --In six months, the cost of living jumped eight per cent and the price index climbed 15 per cent. --Congress gave President Truman broad pewers to im- pose controls on he economg.., --In December, 1950, he de- clared a state of national emergency. --Wages and prices were fro- zen. Taxes were. increased and some new ones were ims posed. Consumer credit was tight- ened. The Federal Reserve Board raised: interest rates and the money supply tight ened, At first, the stock market dropped. Within a week, it be- gan.to recover. Will these patterns reappear if the war in Viet Nam grows to Korea-size? POSITIONS DIFFERENT Associated Press reporters in- . terviewed U.S, government of- ficials, military authorities and financial observers on the out- look as the United States' mili- tary commitment in Viet Nam steadily increases. Those inter viewed pointed to major differ- ences in the military and eco- nomic positions today and those of 1950. When the Korean fighting be- gan, the total number of men under arms was 1,135,451. Today, the United States has approximately 2,600,000 men in the armed forces. In 1950, the army had 14 di- visions on paper, plus parts of others. The marines had two under-strength divisions, Reserves To Provide Force If Flames Flare Elsewhere Today, the United States has six well-trained, well-equipped divisions at home plus two partly-ready armored divisions, and a full marine division, plus portions of another, By and large these are regu- lar troops. By contrast, at the outset of the Korean War, the only trained manpower availa- ble were veterans of the Second World War. They were recalled. But the majority whe fought in Korea began as amateurs. When the North Koreans at- tacked, there were two under- strength and under-trained divi- sions in Japan, the 24th and the 1st Cavalry. They were the only ones near the scene. Today, about 75,000 Ameri- cams already are on the ground in Viet Nam. All the ground forces in Ko- rea, at the outset, were short of modern weapons--recoilless ri- fles, 4.2-inch mortars, tanks, rocket - launchers, anti-aircraft weapons. NEW WEAPONS NOW Today, all the ground force equipment is post-Korean War. At the height of the Korean fighting, the United States had 250,000 men on the ground. Re- cently, on the basis of state- ments about Viet Nam by Pres- ident Johnson and Defence Sec- retary Robert McNamara, the armed forces submitted a ten- tative list of possible manpower requirements, totalling -- ini- tially--220,000 men, all to be drawn from the national guard and reserves. A Pentagon official said,. how- ever, that even if reserves are summoned, it does not neces- sarily mean they will be sent immediately to South Viet Nam. He said. they would be used initially to fill the gaps left by the departure of regular troops to the Far East. Some needed specialists might be sent, he said, And later, some of the: re- serves might be used to re- place regulars rotated back to the United States. But, he emphasized, the pri- mary mission of reserves would be to provide a force in case flames break out elsewhere in the world. In the Korean period, defence Bpending jumped from $13,200,- 000,000 in 1950 to $4x,500,000,000 in 1951, It hit the peak, $62,000,- 000,000 in 1952. Defence spending now is around $45,000,000,000. The thinking in government cial circles seems to be that if the Viet Nam fighting reaches the dimensions of Korea, the figure would increase by. some $2,000,000,000 to $5,000,000,000. On the economic front, the contrast between the situation today and that of 1950 is equally great, SEES LESS STRAIN Buford Ellington, director of the office of emergency plan- ning, said in-an interview the United States could absorb a Korean-size war with just a fraction of the budgetary strain and economic dislocation of 15 years ago. Ellington would be in charge of the homefront mobilization if the Viet Nam fighting increases. "The economy is nearly 213 times as big," he said. 'It has grown from $265,000,000,000 to 680,000,000,000 in productive power since Korea. "Our military force is far greater than in 1950 when we had partially disarmed. Most of the cost of a limited war is al- ready built into the defence hid- get. Our domestic mobil' accu plan is complete and, we think, up to date." Commerce Sgcretary John T. Connor touched. on some other aspects of this question in an ap- pearance on the television pro- gram, Meet the Press. He was asked whether an expanded war in Viet Nam would preclude further tax cuts. '.. , There will be increased military procurement and this will cost tax money," Connor replied. '"'But the gross national product (the total value of goods and services produced) and its continued increase will produce increased tax incomes for us. . . . There can be no decision on the tax cut question at this time. But it still remains a pos- sibility." 5 Asked whether wage and price controls might be imposed, Con- nor replied: "At the present time there is no indication that there will be any need for wage and price controls for the fore- seeable future, even taking into consideration the escalation that might result," He noted that "the legal auth- ority for price and wage controls continued to exist after the Kor- ean War and still continues." WASHINGTON CALLING By Gordon Donaldson | Americans Readied To Rally 'Round Flag | WASHINGTON -- If you stand tn line for an hour you can @fiter the White House and come within a hundred yards. of the President's west wing office where decisions are made that may deeply affect and could even end, your life. | AS a correspondent you can get much closer to the action, lose enough to sense the hum- ming of the decision-making machinery, and note how small it is. Despite his thousands of paid experts and the 535 legisla- tors who pass judgment on his actions, the U.S. President makes the vital decisions him- self with the help of a tiny circle of close advisers, At a time when Canada and the rest of the Western world is being asked to take a foreign policy on trust and refrain from rocking the boat, an eminent scholar asks "Why?", Gunnar Myrdal, the Swedish economist who produced a elas- sic study of the American Negro problem has studied foreign pol- icy for 20 years. He concludes: "Foreign - policy decisions are usually less well-founded on the available facts and alternatives than domestic-policy decisions; they are, in general, much more Influenced by irrational mo- tives." 4) This, he says, is trhe of all fountries, but the consequences Of irrational decisions are far worse when a _ super-power makes them. The bigger the country, the more it worries about "losing face" and the more it tries to convince others that its foreign policy remains unchanged (i.e.) that it has been right all along-- rather than changing a policy that has obviously failed. The nearer a government comes to war, the more the small group of decision-makers twist the truth to persuade the nation to close ranks and the more they fall victim to their own propaganda. Myrdal's second point is that the ordinary citizen is more likely to support his government in its foreign adventures than domestic policies because he doesn't know much about for- eign countries. and assumes his government has secret informa- tion not available to him. "Ordinarily," says Myrdal, "no government has more knowledge about a foreign coun- try than is generally available in the press and published lit- erature," NO SECRETS Having spent several years on secret intelligence work, I would not only agree, with this but add that a great deat of money is spent by all countries in obtain- ing by undercover means infor+ mation that is readily available in the bookstores: and that most "secret" information is so dubi- ous, sensible governments sel- dom act on it alone. Myrdal's thesis is perfectly illustrated by American actions in Viet Nam and the Domiricga.. Republic. The Senate Foreign Relations Committee is now trying to de- cide whether Mr. Johnson was justified in sending 22,090 troops into the tiny Dominican Repub- lic to protect American lives and prevent "another Cuba' in the Caribbean. Nearly three months later, American troops are still there, thinly disguised as an "'inter- American force", Dominicans are still being killed and both the U.S.-backed junta and the rebel leaders have asked the United Nations Security Council to get the foreign troops out of their country . The Dominican landing was ordered mainly on the advice of the U.S. ambassador in Santo Domingo, Tapley Bennett, who saw the revolution succeeding unless the U.S. jumped in. LABELLED The rebels, who sought to bring back the elected, non- communist president Juan Bosch, were promptly labelled Communist dupes on the basis of 'secret' information from Bennett, When this information was de- classified and published it was remarkably unconvincing. U.S. spokesmen kept hinting they had other evidence up their sleeves but this was never pro- duced. 3 The press and public were supposed to accept that the gov- ernment knew: best, Few report- ers who were in Santo Domingo swallowed this;. but the trusting public did. In the first of several upcom- ing books on the crisis, New York Times reporter Tad Szule writes: 'It may be that there was no alternative to the U.S, intervention in Santo Domingo but the five weeks that I spent there at the height of the crisis failed to convince me there wag a real risk of 'another Cuba'." Juan Bosch said the U.S. in- tervention 'will produce more Communists in Santo Domingo and Latin America than all the Propaganda of Russia, China and Cuba combined," The Dominican affair was in- expensive in terms of foreign lives (One Canadian priest was killed), Viet Nam could finish all of us. PUBLIC SUPPORT It is escalating rapidly wards a big war. The ranks closing stage has been reached, U.S. public. opinion polls support Johnson's actions, so do the great majority of congressmen and senators. The President says: "Our na- tional honor is at stake": So despite the fact that most Amer- icans regard Viet Nam sas a "mess" and wish the U.S. had never stuck its nose in there in the first place, they rally around the flag. to- Another Korea Explodes © S. Far Better Prepared "HAVEN'T YOU GOT THE HANG OF IT YET?" finan-- Cn | YEARS AGO 25 YEARS AGO July 28, 1940 Six giant steel roof trusses weighing over 20 tons arrived in Oshawa for the GMC pro- posed new building on Division street. Twenty - five evacuated stu- dents and teachers from St. Hilda's School, Whitby, En- gland, arrived at the Ontario Ladies College, Whitby. 40 YEARS AGO July 28, 1925 Robert Henderson established a new record at the Oshawa Golf Club when he played the course in par, 71, breaking the previous record of 72 establish- ed by G. M. Jacobs and Gerald Kennedy. A crowd of 8,000 thronged Lakeview for the monster General }.otors picnic, yest Odds Rated 5-1 For Survival SAIGON (AP)--Chances are more than 5-to-1 that any Amer- ican struck in combat in the strange jungle war in South Viet Nam will live through it. Pentagon. figures show the highest ratio of wounded - to - killed of any American conflict in history. The highest previous ratio was a range of nearly 4-to-I in the Second World War, when 53,402 Americans were killed and 204,- 002 were wounded. It was 3-to-1 in Korea--33,629 dead, 103,284 wounded, The Vietnamese story is told in a report covering American casualties from 1961 through July 12;. 503 dead, 2,720 wounded, 57 missing or cap- tured, Actually, the ratio is probably even higher than this because under current policy, not all the wounded are reported. If an American soldier is only lightly wounded and does not require removal from the coun- try, he has the option of hav- ing his next-of-kin notified or not notified, If they are not notified, the casualty does not go into the record books, M ost operations produce no clashes. with the Viet Cong. But they take casualties just the same because of the traps the Viet Cong have left for them, Generally these traps are not fatal. The guerrillas know, as do all armies, that it is more ef- fective to wound an enemy sol- dier than kill him, To get a wounded soldier to the rear gen- erally ties up at least two un- wounded soldiers. Waterway To Great Lakes From B.C. Contemplated By BOB TRIMBEE EDMONTON (CP) -- More than 200 years ago French ex- plorer Pierre La Verendrye went looking for a river route across the Prairies to the Pa- cific which would help France tap the rich fur resources of the uninhabited West. It didn't exist. But today modern engieers contemplate creating one--a man-made pas- Sage linking British Columbia and the Great Lakes. The proposed waterway would involve a series of canals which would connect rivers and form part of a multi-billion-dollar di- version scheme. ; The 2,000-mile canal-river sys- tem is a secondary feature of a $100,000,000,000 plan outlined by Ralph M. Parsons Co, Ltd. of Los Angeles and known as the North American Water and Power Alliance, Its primary aim is to meet freshwater needs of the west- ern half of North America as far south as Mexico and over- come an acute shortage now de- veloping in the region, It's the most grandi pub- country will take' a long look at its own potential needs before agreeing to share its water. And chances are it will then be used as a powerful bargaining tool. Northern Affairs Minister Ar- thur Laing describes water as Canada's "foremost national as- set" and sees the Parsons plan as an illustration of its value. "This is our water and we in- tend to do with it what we like and that is our continuing pol- icy,"' he said in Edmonton. "It will be soon enough to talk of a continental resource in respect of water when . . . American markets become continental markets, when American cap- ital becomes continental capi- off fr. production' 2s mille raves oe Z 3 rem Troadworthy Every. Canada, based on glorious record of cidents. Unless st "Canada's highway toll in was 130,143 killed and injured, equivalent to the total of a city the'size of Reging. If the increase continues at the present rate, the toll in 1969 will be equivalent to every man, woman and child in a city the size of Hamilton, or Winnipeg or Calgary being either killed or in- jured." I wrote that six months ago. Since then Canada's casualty toll for 1964 has been compiled. t rose to 144,489. The cost of the year's 363,000 highway acci- dents has been estimated at $800,000,000, which was comfort- ably more than enough to pay all our government old age pen- sions for the whole year. While all figures of highway toll are rising each year, most signifi- cantly the rate of deaths per ane vehicle miles is climb- ng. ' BACKBENCH MPs PROTEST Four MPs have petitioned the vrime minister to initiate action towards creating safer cars and safer drivers in Canada. These are Heward Graffety, Consery- ative MP for Brome-Mississquoi, John Matheson, Liberal MP for Leeds, Stanley Knowles, New Democrat MP for Winnipeg North Centre and Dr. Guy Mar- coux, Social Credit MP for Que- bec-Montmorency. They deserve great credit for their well-con- sidered and deeply researched brief to the prime minister; . their action is the most respon- sible back-bench initiative which our Parliament has seen in many years. But they have merely focused what is @ growing pub: lic unease. Other factors are now operat- ing to combat our tragic dam- age to people and property on our highways, The badly-needed measures to hound the killers off our roads may come very soon through the power of the dollar rather than through law tal and when U.S. technology becomes continental tech- nology." Later, at a meeting in Port- land, Ore., he said he did not "rule out the possibility of bold, imaginative water diversion hi involving Canadian riy- ers, but if Canadian waters are to be shared with our neighbors there must be a commensurate flow of benefits toward our Ca- ; " lic works project ever sug- gested for siphoning water which now empties into north- ern oceans and bringing it south, It may never come to anything but its tremendous scope has stirred considerable excitement nevertheless, NO SHORTAGE As a nation Canada has no water shortage, Its annual freshwater supply represents about one-third of the world's total, Only the Prairies, until recent years mainly a_ rich grain-growing region but. fast emerging as an industrial area, have an imminent water short- age problem, But there are indications this BIBLE And let us not be weary In well-doing; for in due season we shall reap, if we faint not. -- Galatians 6:9. The Christian is a winner who keeps on realizing that he is not in competition with others, but in competition with himself. POINTED PARAGRAPHS "Elderly people are almost invariably truthful," says a psychologist. One big exception is that many of them often tell a whopper by saying, 'I have never felt better or younger in my life." i People who are dense -- are rarely ever tense. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS July 28, 1965... Austria declared war on Serbia 51 years ago today-- in 1914--and the house of cards of European diplom- acy collapsed into general war within a few days. The revival of Serbia as a power in the Balkans was feared by the Austro - Hungarian Empire, since many of its subjects were Slavs and re- sented the old imperial rule, But Serbia was backed by Russia, the traditional pro- tector of the smaller Slavic states, and Austria was backed by the German Em- pire. Although Germany had an army and a plan ready to attack France, war was ostensibly declared by the French because of their treaty obligation to Russia. 1656--The three-day battle of Warsaw began. 1750 -- Johan Sebastian Bach, German composer, died. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915 -- the advancing Ger- man armies crossed. the Vistula River in Poland; the British admiralty an- nounced 1,550 people had been killed to date by Ger- man submarine warfare. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1940--the loss of the British destroyer Wren was announced; four hostile air- craft were shot down over Malta and five over Eng- land; the RAF bombed the Channel coast and Germany with the loss of three air- craft, NO. 1 PROBLEM Just how much bargaining Power there is in water is in- dicated by the remarks of Stew- art Udall, U.S. secretary of the interior, who says there is no escape from the fact that "our ris 1 resources problem is wa- pr." The Parsons plan envisages tapping 20 per cent of the an- nual run-off of the Yukon, Tan- nana, Copper and Susitna riv- ers, diverting it southward us- ing a series of dams, lifts and tunnels and a 500 - mile - long man-made lake in the Rocky Mountain Trench area, a nat- ural finger-like gorge extending down the interior of British Co- lumbia and into Montana, The northern run-off would be lifted to an elevation of 2,000 feet into the man-made lake, There new water would be added from the Laird, Fraser, Peace, Columbia and other B.C. rivers and lifted another 1,000 feet. Hydro power developed at some of the dams would be used to operate the lifts, The water would help meet the needs of seven provinces, 33 American states and three Mex- 'fean states, It would irrigate more than 40,000,000 acres in 17 American states, would give Mexico eight times the amount of new farmland that the Aswan Dam will create in Egypt, and would produce 100,000,000 kilo- watts of power, more than one- third of present U.S. generating capacity. A separate system would send water eastward by canal and river across the Prairies to the Great Lakes and eventually sup- ly areas as far east as New ork. The 30-foot-deep canal- river system could be used for transportation after dredging. enfor t. Driving tests, vee hicle checks and highway pa- trols have proved inadequate; I don't mention our laws and our courts -- the former are widely disregarded and the lat> ter mete out punishments toe trivial to deter. But the price of automobile insurance is rising so punitively, and so regularly with the turn of each new year, that the mounting public outery will force some effective action. WHO CARES FOR ROAD USEB The politicians are scared that tougher licensing requirements would antagonize young drivers who will be tomorrow's voters. The auto manufacturers seem to pay more heed to saleability than to safety. Road users will have to protect themselves through their own action. Ottawa was badly shaken by a recent crash in which three cars burned and five people were mangled to death, This oc- curred on a_ section of our vaunted Trans-Canada Highway known locally as the killer strip, One car, containing four 20- year old boys, pulled out actoss a double white line on a curve to pass another car, and crashed head-on into a third car driving towards it. In that third car, a law-abiding driver and his wife were slaughtered, "T can't understand the acci- dent,"" commented a corporal of the. Ontario Provincial Police. who investigated the accident. "This is a good section of the highway; a normal person trav- elling at normal speeds should have no trouble at all," As Britain's minister of trans- port has said: "A tiger in the tank is no use if there's a don- key at the wheel." PULLED TWO WAYS MONTREAL (CP) -- Canadian literature, like the Canadian na- tion, is striving for a national identity at a time when national- ism is outdated, says Mrs. Wynne Francis, English profes- sor at Sir George Williams Uni- versity here. "We are caught in the conflict of needing to iden- tify ourselves, while at the same time being international," she said. SAVE $ $ ON AUTO INSURANCE See... JOHN DIAL 668-8831 If you are an Abstainer you save up to $18.00 'on your auto insurance. : RIEGER 218 DUNDAS ST. E., WHITBY