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She Oshawn si 8 Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher SATURDAY, APRIL 17, 1965----PAGE 4 Easter Message Centre Of Hopes Of Mankind The message of Easter Sunday, which will be enunciated from 'the pulpits of all the Christian churches of Oshawa this weekend, is that of the great foundation rock: on which the Christian faith is built. It is the foundation for all the hopes of mankind that a Christian civiliza- tion might one day prevail. During the period of: nearly 3000 years since the crucifixiation and resur- rection of Jesus Christ, that central fact of the Christian religion has remained unshaken. It is a beacon light shining in the darkness of today, just as it was to the disciples of old who were plunged into gloon and despair by the crucifixion of their Master, and again saw the light of faith re- lit in their hearts by his resurrec- tion on that first Easter morning. The Friday of that fateful week has become known as Good Friday. Actually that name is a misnomer. It is the anniversary of a black day Taxes Fixed In a speech which he made re- cently at a political gathering in Smiths Falls, Eastern Ontario, Premier John Robarts touched on a subject which is very timely, because at this season of the year, when municipal tax rates are being fixed, and government budgets an- nounced, the topic of taxes be- comes a very lively one. Premier Robarts struck right at the root of the tax problems which are trouble- some to all our citizens in the fol- lowing remarks: _ "Like all taxpayers in On- *tario, I would like to see taxes cut. At the same time, how- ever I want better schools for my children, better hospitals, She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher R. C. ROOKE, General Manager C. J. MeCONECHY Editor The Oshawe Times combining The Oshawa Times established 1871) and the Whitby Gazette and Chronicle established 1863) is published daily and Statutory holidays excepted) Members of Canadien Daily Newspaper Publish ets Association. T! ian Press, Audit Bureau ef Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association. The Canadian Press is exclusively entitied to the use ot republication of ali news despatched in the paper credited to it or te The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the iecal mews published therein. All rights of special des petches are also reserved. Offices: Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640° Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.O. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in OshSwo, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpeo!, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono; Leskard, Brougham Burketon, Claremont, Columbus, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglen, Blackstock, Menchester, Pontypool! and Newcastle not over SOc per week. By mail in Province of Ontario) outside carriers delivery oreas 12.00 per yeer. Other and Countries 15,00. U.S.A. ond foreign 24.00. in humaa history, the day when the Son of God was mailed to the Cross. Had it ended there, the world would still be in darkness. But that was not the end. After the Friday of Calvary came the Sunday of the resurrection, when the cry "He is not here. He is risen", revived the souls and minds of his followers and gave the world the completed message of Easter. So the Easter season is not merely a holiday provided to give re-creation to mind and body. It is a season for rejoicing that the Re- deemer of men did rise from the grave as a symbol of His redemp- tive powers. Without Easter Sun- day, man would be lost and hope- less. In the glory of Easter Sunday, man has his one and only hope for a world dedicated to the service of mankind in the spirit of the message that has come down to us through the ages since that first Easter Sunday morning. By Demands better roads, more recreational facilities, more and better of all the services provided by the municipalities and the pro- vince." In making this statement, Mr. Robarts might well have been just one of the ordinary citizens of On- tario expressing a commonly-held view, rather than the prime minis- ter of the province. It hits right at the core of the problem of tax rates which increase steadily from year to year. It voices the thought of all the citizens who complain about the high taxes they have to pay, but at the same time want their towns and cities to provide them with the very best in all the municipal ser- vices that have to be made avail- able. As the people of Oshawa know only too well, higher taxes are the price of progress and development. The cost of the services which the people demand is high. There are no bargain prices. in the fields of education, better roads, finer and better-equipped hospitals and other facilities. The crux of the whole matter, as put by Premier Robarts, is that if we want more and it was so well better amenities in our modern life, we have to be prepared to pay for them. And we must also be pre- pared to be satisfied. with the essen- tials, and not so demanding for the luxuries. No Amateurs Need Apply Another Battle of Britain is brewing, this time over the $68,000,000 ocean liner the Cu- nard Steam Ship Co., is build- ing as a replacement for the aging "Queen Mary". On one side is Lady Brockle- bank, wife of the Cunard chair- man, who wants a say in the interior decoration of the new ship. On the other is the Labor government which contends an amateur should have nothing to do with the design, no matter who her husband happens to be. As the parliamentary debate begins, the outcome is shroud- ed in doubt as thick as a North Atlantic fog. Lady Brocklebank must rank the favorite. Particu- larly with those bettors who have tried io tell their wives what kind of wallpaper to hang in the living room. --Corner Brook Western Star Wasting Money On Space Age American and Russian space' experts are weighing the com- parative results of the Soviet space-walking feat and the manually-controlled flight of the Americans Grissom and Young. The consensus seems to be that it was a great step for- ward in both cases The general public, to which most of the technical details are meaningless, is suitably impressed, But one statistic in all this is a shocker It is the $20 billion figure curreniiy attached to the U.S. space program. There is no corresponding figure available for the Russian program. It can be taken for granted that it is big. After trying to digest the significance of an expense so vast the ordinary person may well ask if all these trips are necessary. --Vancouver Sun. MAC'S MUSINGS In these modern days of Commercialism and rank Materialism, the real Meaning of the Holy days Of the Christian faith Has become obscured by The prominence that.is Given to the business And commercial! aspects Of these sanctified days. The giving of gifts to Mark Christmas, has now Become traditional down Through the centuries and Has become so recognized As an integral part of that Season that it threatens To hide its real meaning. Nowadays people go far Beyond that and are urged To make the giving of Special gifts part of the Celebration of Easter and A host of other special Days which have become Too highly commercialized. At the present time, too Many peonle think of Easter Only in relation to new Clothes, Easter cards. Faster gifts or holiday Trips, and overlook the Fact that it is intended To mark the most solemn Moments in all history At Easter we observe the Anniversary of the greatest Evants that have ever Happened since creation, The crucifixion and the Resurrection of the world's Savior, and surely that Means much more than an Exaggerated application of Commercialism and business To our most holy festival EVERYTHING AUTOMATED BUT THE TAXPAYER When Canadians Stood Up To First Gas In Warfare By DAVE McINTOSH Canadian Press Staff Writer On April 15, 1915, the day the 1st Canadian Division took over 4,500 yards of Flanders front in the Ypres salient in the First World War, a talkative German soldier defected to the French. The deserter told French in- telligence the Germans were preparing to use poison gas in an effort to pinch out the 17- mile curving salient around Ypres Fifty years later, men still re- act with horror to stories of the first use of poison gas. Chlorine is a heavy, greenish- yellow gas which clings to the ground as it is rolled forward by a gentle wind. It attacks the lungs, often fatally. By April 11, 1915, the Germans had 5,730 cylinders of gas--160 tons--ready for the first gas at- tack. For 10 days there was no wind from the right direction. Meanwhile, some 18,000 Cana- dians had taken over the sector assigned to them, finding that shell holes had been used both as latrines and graves. The land around the ancient moated town of Ypres--known to English- speaking soldiers as Wipers-- was so soggy that trenches couldn't be dug more than two feet deep April 22, a Thursday, dawned bright and sunny: The Cana- dians were well into their front- line routine shoring up defences. They were green troops and had been sent into the line for just a taste of what it would be like later t 3 p.m. the 3rd Brigade got word there were 100 mouth or- gans it could pick up. at head- quarters. At 5 p.m. the Germans opened the valves of their gas cylinders and the retching cloud of yellow-and-green vapor began drifting toward the Allied lines at five to six miles an hour. The first gas attack fell mainly on two French colonial REMEMBER WHEN Oshawa today is riding high on the crest of prosperity, with the highest' average weekly wage rate in the Dominion of Canada. Reading of this, one cannot help thinking hack to the time, 35 years ago, when this city was entering into the dark days of a depression which brought it close to the verge of bankruptcy, and also brought to the fore fine qualities of courage and a spirit of helping one an- other which shone out like a bright glow in the darkness The depression hit Oshawa quickly after the stock market crash of 1929. Unemployment became serious. Some drastic measures were necessary. At a meeting held in the old city hall, it was decided to organize the Associated Welfare . Societies, with the late Arthur R. Alloway as the first president. Coincident with that, a group of splendid volunteer workers formed the Women's Welfare League. Their main concern was to provide re- lief. in the form of food and clothing to families in need FIRST CAMPAIGNS Money was needed quickly, so @ campaign was organized with an objective of $10,000, and a sum well over the target was raised. In the next three years, further campaigns were con- ducted, and in eath of these sums of between $25,000 and $35,000 were raised. The late W M. Gilbert, Ross McKinnon and Morley Jacobi were the public spirited citizens who successive- ly headed up these campaigns. ilies, In this way. the relief. re- By that time, relief adminis- cipients received much more tration became a civic problem, food for their allowances, and and a Public Welfare Board was éhe board, at the same time, formed, with George W. Mc- Laughlin as chairman. The dollars funds collected: in the cam- paigns were turned over to it THREE FOR ONE The Ontario government was amount allowed in the food bud- gets for different sizes of fam- saved hundreds of thousands of The first food depot was on Simcoe Canadian Automoiive Later it moved to the William . | By M. McIntyre Hood Depression Days Built Community Spirit tion of the Association, week condemned the rent allow- ance as inadequate, but without changing the government policy. About 1934, the situation began to improve somewhat Property Owners' which week by but relief was continued at a high level. In time, the relief recipients he- street south, in the came deeply resentful of the premises now occupied by the "pogey" or relief food store Museum. system, and agitated strongly for a return to open vouchers 'told us then paying two-thirds of Osh- awa's relief costs, so that for every dollar raised in the cam- _ paigns, three dollars were avail- able for relief expenditures. Later the government's share was raised to 80 per cent, and finally to 90 per cent of the re- lief costs, because of. Oshawa's inability to carry 'any higher Share of the burden than 10 per cent. As a member of the Oshawa Public Welfare Board, I was kept very close to the welfare picture during these difficult years, and shared in some of the drastic things which had to he done RELIEF FOOD VOUCHERS At first, food vouchers on local stores were. given to those on re- lief, but when the number of families on relief mounted to over 1,550, it was realized that costs had to be cut drastically if the city was to remain sol- vent. The Board decided.to es- tablish its own food distribution centre and give families food. at pt veg costs, up to the street wing of the present Coul- ter Manufacturing Company building, then vacant and own- ed by the city. A depot for dis- pensing drugs and medicines free of charge to families on re- lief was established in the for- mer Simcoe street food store. Meanwhile, the Women's Wel- fare League was carrying on the clothing end of relief work. It had a 'busy. staff of sewing women, all volunteers, and a storage depot for distribution. Its first quarters were in part of the General Printers' building on Simcoe street south, until! it was also moved to the William street premises. RENTAL ALLOWANCES Provision for shelter was a problem, as hundreds of families were unabie to pay rent. The Board was authorized to pay landlords a rent allowance equal to one and a half times the an- nual taxes, divided' by 12 for monthly payments. This was highly unpopular with the land- lords, and -- in the forma- or cash relief. At times the agi- tation became violent. Meetings of the Public Welfare Board re- quired police protection. I recall one meeting we held in the Pub- lic Utilities Building with a threatening crowd of over 500 people assembled outside, who said they would not disperse until the food relief system was changed It was not until 1935 that the city council, over-riding the pub- lic welfare board, ordered the food store closed, and a voucher system established. As a result, the public welfare board resign- ed in a body, and a "new body, sympathetic to the> néw system, was established. Even- tually, this body placed relief on a cash basis, but only after the lists had been considerably re- duced: Yes, these were dark days for Oshawa. But through them all there was a wonderful spirit of sharing, of helping the less for- tunate, a spirit which has sur- vived in Oshawa up to this day. divisions which were driven back, opening a gaping hole in the salient's front. By midnight the Canadians had gathered to- gether a 1,500-man force which launched a bayonet counter-at- tack by moonlight. There were fewer than 500 survivors SHOT THROUGH HEAD Eric Seaman, a machine-gun- ner who now runs the Ontario Canteen Fund in Toronto, was in a baseball game behind the lines with men of the 3rd Bat- talion, a unit in close support, when gas choked Algerians came staggering back. "We were sent up to help the 14th Battalion,' he said re- cently. "'On. the way up we ran into some transport coming back, and a transport sergeant 'You've got them on the run.' Like hell we had. We lost half our men going up." Gnr. Seaman was captured with two others of his crew. The remaining five were killed or wounded HELD GERMANS "My battalion went into the fight with about 900 men and came out with between 300 and 400 and most of the officers lost,"' said Bert Steele, 74, now secretary of the Toronto Orig- inals Club, an organization of 1914 volunteers. He was with the 79th Cameron Highlanders in Winnipeg and was moved with his company into the 3rd bat- talion "We lost many of them in a bayonet attack going into Kitch- ener's Wood," he said. "By the time we got into the wood there weren't many of them, and we went through like a dose of salts, When we were moved back to straighten out the line we were under heavy fire, and we lost a lot more. But we had stopped them well enough so that they didn't get through." On April 24, at 4 a.m., the second gas attack came and this time it enveloped the Cana- dians first, especially the 8th and 15th Battalions. After the first attack, the best the soldiers could devise was a piece of damp cloth tied over the nose and mouth. But it helped little. "With eyes blinded and throats burning, men collapsed on the floor of the trench in suffocating agony,' Col. G. W. L.. Nicholson records in the Ca- nadian Army's official history of the 1914-18 war The Canadians bent but didn't buckle under the German on- slaught. Four of them won Vic- toria Crosses in the fighting which lasted until May 3 when the Canadians were relieved. Col. Nicholson says the suc- cessful defence of Ypres in 1915 stands as a triumph of the com- mon soldier not only over the enemy but over the bad judg- ment of his own generals (at that time British). The com- mander of the tenacious 2nd Brigade, Canadian Brig. A. W. Currie, rose to command of the Ist Division later that year and to command of the Canadian Corps in 1917 Even in 1915, the British war office conceded that one Cana- dian' division had "saved the situation'"' at Ypres. The Ist Division held on until enough British and French reinforce- ments arrived to end the danger of a German breakthrough. This Ypres battle--there were to be more of them--cost the Canadians 6,036 casualties in 15 days. The Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry, which served in the same battle with the British 27th Division, suf- fered 678 casualties besides. After the First World War, the Commonwealth War Graves Commission built the Menin Gate War Memorial in Ypres to honor 54,900 Commonwealth sol- diers who perished in Belgium, Of these, 6,994 are Canadians, most of whom died in the 1915, 1917 and 1918 battles of Ypres. Canadian deaths in the 1915 bat- tle numbered 1,988 There are 112 war cemeteries in and around Ypres. There is at least one Canadian soldier in each YEARS AGO 25 YEARS AGO April 17, 1940 An only goal of the game, by Roy Sawyer, gave Oshawa Gen- erals their first victory in the Memorial Cup finals against Kenora Arthur Hopper resigned from the Whitby Fire Department, after 35 years' service. Oshawa winter relief expendi- tures showed a reduction of 26.8 percent over the previous year. 40 YEARS AGO April 17, 1925 John Hare of Oshawa' was elected a member of the Ontario Cabinet for Hi-Y clubs at the an- nual convention of the organi- zation. The Oshawa Red Cros Society extended its activities by don- ating scales in city schools. TODAY IN HISTORY April 17, 1965... Anti - Communist volun- teers landed in Cuba at the Ray of Pigs four years ago today -- in 196] -- in an at- tempt to overthrow the Cas- tro government, Early re- ports were optimistic but survivors of the whole force of 1,200 men surrendered within a few days, and were later: ransomed for medical and industrial supplies. The failure broke up the united front of the Revolutionary Council in the United States, but the effects were felt within Cuba, where political arrests increased and all po- litical parties were amalga- Imated into one state organi- zation . 1790. -- Benjamin Frank- lin, American sage and statesman, died 1837--John Pierpont Mor- gan the elder,_U.S. finan- cier, was born First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915--a British attack on Hill 60, near = opened the battle of Ypres; the ist Canadian Division took over the northern side of the Ypres salient; the British sank one of their own submarines in the Dardanel- les to prevent its capture by the Turks. Second World War Twenty-five year's ago to- day -- in. 1940 -- the Royal 22nd Regiment of Quebec mounted guard at the royal, palaces in Britain; the American state 'department told all nations, particularly Japan, the status quo must be preserved in the Dutch East Indies, regardless of what happened in The Neth- erlands. April 18, 1965 .. . First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915--the British attack on Hill 60 proceeded to widen the Ypres salient, . beating off German counter-attacks; a Turkish torpedo boat was sunk after it attacked the British 'transport vessel Manitou in the Aegean Sea. QUEEN'S PARK Attorney-General Doing Sound Job By DON O'HEARN TORONTO--A man who has been winning more and more admiration from the house is Attorney-General Arthur. Wish- art. Mr. Wishart stepped into just about as tough a spot as you could take last year when he ~took over the portfolio of the government's law branch. He took office as a result of the Bill 99 dispute, the most critical we have had here in years and with the government and the attorney-general's port- folio under strong condemna- tion. He followed a man into of- fice, Hon. Fred Cass, who, no matter what the circumstances of Bill 99, had been one of the best attorney-generals we had seen in years. A forceful, dyna- mic man with a strong feeling for justice who had been mak- ing important and constructive changes in the department. And Mr. Wishart himself was a neophyte. He was in his first session in the legislature. And while still not even comfortable with the proceedings and meth- ods of the House was landed with the task of speaking for one of the most important and intricate departments of the government, and one which was under fire. COULDN'T ENVY In other words he was in a position which you couldn't envy him. In early statements he didn't GALLUP POLL seem to show any particularly strong sensitivity to the prin- ciples of individual liberty which are so essential to us-- and which the attorney-general, more than any other: individual, must protect and preserve. However stil] there was no damage to these principles in his early days in office. And very.soon you began to get a respect for him. NOT AFRAID This respect largely was bred by first his courage, and then a certain humility he began to display. He was not a know-it-all, and for this you liked him. He began to give the impres- sion of a man who sincerely wanted to do just the best job possible, and was not concerned if from time to time he had to perhaps appear wrong and change his course enroute. This year Mr. Wishart is in stride, he has settled into his office. The policies he is now bring- ing forward are his own, and he is not having to carry some- one else's burdens. And the House seems to rec- ognize that his own policies and administration are turning out to be essentially good ones. But above all he has man- aged to keep the humility, or courtesy, he has displayed from the start, and he is respected for it. MAJORITY STILL THINK MEN SHOULD PROPOSE BY THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC OPINION (World Copyright Reserved) Women are still the coy and conservative sex in sticking -- to an age-old tradition that only the man should propose marriage. Far more women (67%) than men (49%) atick to the idea that it's the man who should take the initiative. Among men, less than half (49%) think this is the only way to behave, while about a third (33%) think a girl should speak up if she wants to. On the national average, little more than a majority (58%) hold that it's the man's prerogative only to propose. A hefty 28% -- even higher among men -- disapprove of the idea, holding that it's up to women to suggest marriage to the man of their choice if they want to. Trained reporters of the Gallup Poll asked this question: "DO YOU APPROVE OF THE IDEA THAT ONLY THE MAN SHOULD PROPOSE DISAPPROVE?" Approve Disapprove Undecided BOOK CORNER MARRIAGE OR DO YOU TOTAL Male Female 58% 49%, 67% 28 33 25 14 18 a Russians Aim Volume -- At Chinese Dogmatism MOSCOW (CP)--The Russians have thrown the book at the Chinese to buttress their posi- tion in the fierce factional dis- pute now wracking the world Communist movement. The book is Against Dogma- tism, Sectarianism and Left Opportunism, a catalogue of statements and writings by Lenin directed against fanatical Communists who fail to show tactical flexibility. The 426-page volume, pre- pared by the Marxism-Leninism Institute of the Soviet Commu- nist party's central committee, has just been issued in a Rus- sian-language print of 25,000 copies Diplomatic observers say the timing of the publication is sig- nificant. Coming just a few weeks before the convening of a drafting commission to pre- pare for an international confer- ence on Communist unity, it ap- pears aimed at isolating the Chinese from the wellsprings of Leninist teachings and philoso- Phy. The drafting commission. is scheduled to get down to work March 1. The Chi have Suroviseva, denounce as vicious the attempt to substitute na- tional Marxism for true Marx- ism-Leninism and attack atf- tempts to split the international Communist movement into "separate isolated national de- tachments." The central place in the vol- ume, which contains 50 full or partial reprints from Lenin, is occupied by "Left-wing Com- munism and Infantile Disorder" written by the revolutionary leader in April and May, 1920. In this work Lenin repudiated Communists-in-a-hurry who re- fused to join in popular-front activities, free trade unions and parliamentary institutions as a means of advancing Commu- ism in the West. The secret of Communism's success, he held, was the ability to "tack, ma- noeuvre and compromise." In the context of the present dispute it 1s the truculently anti- Western Peking Communists who, Moscow feels, have shown ~ inability to tack, manoeuvre and compromise for the sake of greater successes tomorrow. said they won't attend either the commission meeting or the conference itself, describing them as an elaborate attempt to impose unity on Soviet terms. The new volume doesn't speci- fically refer to the Soviet-Chi- nese differences' over Commu- nist ideology and tactics but it's obvious from the 16-page intro- duction that China is the target. Lenin always stressed the danger of "left" opportunism to the cause of the working class and of socialism, it says. "This part of Lenin's activity deserves special attention in the light of the present struggle of Marxist - Leninist parties with dogmatism and sectarianism," it adds, using labels that Soviet spokesmen have often pinned on the Chinese. ' The authors of the introduc- tion, N. G. Sevrugina and N. N. ACTION! ACTION! ACTION! More Houses Are Sold Daily Through Meals: MULTIPLE LISTING SERVICE TSonsult « member of the OSHAWA & DISTRICT REAL ESTATE BOARD Monteith, Riehl, Waters & Co. CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS RESIDENT PARTNERS Gordon W. Riehl, C.A., R.LA. TELEPHONE OSHAWA BRUCK BUILDING 52 ADMIRAL ROAD SHOPPING CENTRE WHITBY AJAX 728-7527 668-4131 942-0890 Burt R. Waters, C.A.