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pate Aa RG URSIN BAe ag We Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario .T. L. Wilson, Publisher SATURDAY, AUGUST 8, 1964 --~ PAGE 6 Stiffer Penalties For Ignoring Safety Rules Labor Minister Leslie Rowntree says he will recommend stiffer _ penalties, including prison 'terms and inereased fines, for contrac- tors who endanger workmen's lives by ignoring safety rules on excava- tion and trenching projects. He is moving in the right direction; there has been scandalous contempt of safety regulations shown by some contractors, and deaths have resul- ted. One may question, however, whether the- labor minister is moving far enough. Announcing plans for more rigo- rous enforcement of the provisions of the Trench Excavators' Protec- tion Act, Mr. Rowntree said he would recommend that the current maximum penalty under the act -- a $500 fine -- be increased to $1,000 with an alternative of a year in prison, or both. He said: "There have been certain blatant examples where the safty measures have been ignored. I am concerned with the constant reports of con- struction accidents, some of which have been fatal." We suggest that the maximum penalties could be even stiffer than those proposed by the minister. As he admits, a ser- ious situation exists. The Construction Safety Associa- tion, a, contractors' group, has launched a campaign to reduce the number of accidents on building projects. It has criticized its own members for ignoring safety rules and appealed to workmen to defy orders to enter an excavation if they consider it unsafe. It's a laud- able effort on the part of the as- sociation, But. workmen may enter an unsafe excavation because of ignorance or because they are afraid of losing their jobs. The International Hod Carriers and Laborers' Union backs the associa- tion's campaign and threatens large-scale walkouts if a workman is fired for refusing to enter an unsafe excavation. That gives teeth to the association's appeal, but the question of ignorance remains. The men who risk lives for profit need to be hit hard where they feel it the most -- in the bank account. Variations On A Theme The more one explores the sub- ject of juvenile delinquency, the more evident it is that very little is known about it. There is, for example, a notable lack of reliable statistics. It's almost impossible to make worthwhile comparisons be- cause of varying attitudes at dif- ferent times and in different places. What we need is more research and less generalizing. A study by UNESCO seems to explode the theory that movies, television, working mothers, broken homes, slum living and the effects of war are alone to blame for an apparent increase in juvenile. delin- quency not only in North America but around the world. Most middle-aged men will con- fess, if they're honest, that in many cases what were considered pranks when they were boys are now thought of as being sufficiently serious to warrant court action. In Egypt, sniping cigarette stubs is rated as a juvenile offence. Writer Roul Tunley recently re- turned to the U.S. from a trip to 20 lands, where he studied juvenile delinquency, with the unhappy con- viction that Americans "don't like our children very much." 'Europeans and others expect their young to get into trouble, and are delighted when they don't," he reports in the Nation magazine. 'In this country, we expect children to behave, and are annoyed and frustrated when they don't." According to Tunley, Americans attending an international confer- ence on juvenile delinquency had to discard 50% of their statistics to make valid comparisons with European ' data because European children were not arrested for deeds that in America were classed as juvenile offences. Tunley cites these further com- parisons: At present rates, one American boy out of five will be arrested and hauled into court on delinquency charges at least once during his teen age years. Except for Sweden, this is the highest rate in the world. In Los Angeles about 1,000 young people are in detention on any given day. In London, & larger city, the average juvenile detention figure never rises above 100, he says. Are North American children naughtier? It isn't likely. Our Air Gets Dirtier " It's getting harder and harder for Canadians to breathe, especially in cities, without inhaling harmful contaminants, as the 15 to 45 cubic feet of air per hour that each of us breathes in normal activity be- comes more and more polluted with the garbage of a complex civiliza- tion. This is the warning note sounded in the current issue of the Imperial Oil Review. We've identified only a fraction of the man-made air pollutants, the Review says, but scientists know we're breathing fumes, smoke, dust, fists, acids, phytotoxicants (com- pounds poisonous to vegetation, formed by the action of sunlight on certain wastes) hydrocarbons, She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor Oshawa Times combining The Oshowo Times terscbianed 1871) ond the Whitby Gozette ond Chronicle established | 1863) is Published daily Sundays and Statutory holidays excepted) Members of Canadian Daily: Newspaper Publish- ers Association. The Canadian' Press, Audit Bureou of Circulation ond the Ontario Provincial Doilies Association. Canadion Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republication of al! news despatched in the paper credited to it or to The Associoted Press or Reuters, and also the local news. published therein. All rights of special des- potches are also reserved. « 'Thomson = Building, 425 panne torent, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES catriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajox, Psy on rll Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Alpert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Tounton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono, -Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Orono us, Greenwood, Kinsole, Raglan, Blockstock, y ster Pontypool! and Newcastle not over Monebester, By mail in Province of Ontario ue corriers delivery areas 12.00 per,year. Other Provinces Commonwealth. Countries 15.00. ond USA. and foreign 24.00. University Street, ozone, carbon monoxide, sulphur and nitrogen. Although the cost in terms of illness is incalculable, scientists be- lieve long exposure to such pollu- tants can lead to anything from mental depression to bronchitis and emphysema. In terms of such tan- gible items as paint damage, metal corrosion and. laundry, dry cleaning and car wash bills, air pollution costs each Canadian an estimated $20 to $50 a year. What's being done about it? Many municipalities, including Osh- awa, have drafted bylaws aimed at reducing air pollution. Prof. EK. A.' Alleut, chairman of the Canadian Standards Association committee which is drafting a new air pollu- tion code for Canada, says: "The price of cleanliness is eternal vigi- lance. Pollution has no single or simple solution... We can't take the easy way out with shotgun re- medies. We must get standard codes. to keep people safe and not handicap industry unncessarily." Industry co-operation can be effective. The St. Clair Research Committee, representing the main Sarnia industries working with the Ontario Research Foundation, has helped keep air pollution in ,the Sarnia area below its 1952 level, in spite of doubled. industrial activity. In Montreal Kast's industrial dis- trict, 18 industries formed the Laval Industrial Association to study and advise on the control of industrial waste. One outcome is a central plant which recovers sulphur from waste gases, VIOLENCE /N Tye Sov ' f) yi a ¥y {/ ' Yy QUEBEC OPINION WRONG MOVES Thinks English Opinion Atfects U.S. Relations This is a selection of .edi- torials on current topics, translated from the French- language press of Canada, Montreal Le Devoir -- The Canadian - American As- sembly met recently at Mont Gabriel, Que., in an atmos- phere of. friendship. Between Canada United States there friendship. Between Canada United States there profound community ests and aspirations. No fric- tion can erase that fact. But friendship evolves in the measure that it is living, In this case it is being af- fected by a phenomenon more striking than it ever was -- English-Canadian na- tionalism. English Canada in its re- lations with the United States is going through an experi- ence not unlike that of French Canada towards its English- Canadian partner. Vis - a - vis his American neighbor, the English-Cana- dian knows he is in a minor- ity. Having studied geo- graphy he knows that a bru- tal rupture would be unthink- able. At the same time he wants to be different from the Ameriean. . . . The Amer- ican reacts towards the Eng- lish-Canadian somewhat the way the English - Canadian does towards his French-Ca- nadian fellow citiezn. He lis- tens readily. He lets him spell out his complaints and fears. At the end he is hardly moved or affected... . The new English-Canadian nationalism has expressed it- self in the last few years mainly in the field of Cana- dian-American economic rela- tions and in This nationalism. is" intelli- gent, postive, enregetic. It has led to some blunders, like those, céntained in the first Gordon budget. But it comes from sources rooted deeply in Canadian history, It rests on the strong con- viction that Canada, because of its history and its social characteristics, has a unique vocation, . .. Faced with the American giant, English-Canadian na- tionalism seems like a com- plex-ridden dwarf. Associated more intimately with French- Canadian nationalism it could be a more effective reflec- tion of a political ideal which the ever present United States would have greater dif- TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Aug. 8, 1964... The Battle of Britain be- gan 24 years ago today--in 1940 -- when the German Luftwaffe made a gigantic effort to smash Britain's de- fences and undermine : the country prior to an invasion attempt. But although badly outnumbered, the Royal Air Force mounted a counters offensive that destroyed 1,733 German machines by the end of October. Daylight raids by Germany then ceased and she lost mastery of the air 1958 -- The Spanish Ar- mada was destroyed by. the British fleet } 1953 -- Premier Malenkov announced that Russia had the A-bomb. and the exists a and the exists a of inter- foreign policy. - ficulty in ignoring. -- Claude WOON: SOS FS. sek sens oh Quebee L'Action -- The de- bate (on féderal government loans to university students) was one of the hottest and more serious that the Com- mons has held this year. This is good because the princi- ples and the heart of Confed- eration are involved. One fact stands out from the positions taken at Ottawa and Quebec -- Confederation is in a period of evolution. It is seeking a new balance for the difficulties and strains of an experimental phase . . . and pragmatic solutions that can be used now without compromising the future. The letter of the constitu- tion is categoric -- the pro- vincial states have exclusive rights over education. . . On the other hand, practi- cal necessities are hardly what they were in 1867. No government in the world has remained stationary and un- changed for a century. , . In any case, the matter of student loans, added to that of the portable pensions plan, shows the extreme rapidity of Canada's present constitu- tional evolution. Even the most closed minds should be able to measure the road travelled since old age pen- sions started and which Que- bec refused for about 10 'years. ... But from now on, national projects will be the result of federal - provincial delibera- tions, This was 'the case of the student loans and _ port- able pensions, .. . To what point will the de- centralization of the Pearson government risk _ isolating Quebec? At first look, the risk is real. All the provinces ex- cept Quebec are participa- ting in the federal loans to students. But all the provinces are benefitting from Quebec's re- sistance which has forced Ot- tawa to allow the provincial states to administer the loans. The same thing hap- pened with the portable pen- sions; all the provinces re- ceived the advantages that Quebec's initiative had ob- tained for itself, Thus Quebec is playing a key role in the search for a new balance within Confeder- ation. This search, as pre- mier Lesage has said, is oniy at the experimental stage and final solutions are yet to come. -- Lorenzo Pare, (July. 25) Trois: - Rivierés Le Nouw-. -velliste--Quebec will not par- ticipate in the application of the law on loans to students which the government in Ot- tawa is about to impose. It is an open violation of the letter and the spirit of the Canadian constitution. . . . The federal government has no right to collect money for education but it is spend- ing money for this purpose, which is the equivalent of a government fraud. The gov- ernment of Quebec has not been duped by such a policy and has repudiated it Some federal members from Quebec have also pro- claimed their disapproval of this procedure. Unfortunately they are mostly in the oppo- sition, that is the Creditistes and the Conservatives. The Liberal members supported the measure en bloc. This is not the first time that mem- bers in power, even though they come from Quebec, have been obliged to support meas- ures which their constituents disapprove of... . In such cases it should be possible for the government to allow a free vote which would permit at least a cer- tain number of government supporters to disavow their own party without creating a crisis, Party discipline often means abandoning what seem to be solid convictions, (July 28) plan. for BY-GONE DAYS (70 YEARS AGO) Aug. Excitement in Brooklin over the "sudden death" of milch cows pasturing in the public highway moved the (Ontario) Minister of Agriculture, the fion. John Dryden, to an inves- tigation by specialists, The stricken cattle were found lying on the ground, completely paralyzed, spine and brain being affected. It appeared there would be no lack of threshers in the Green- bank district. In addition 'to those in the field, remarked The Vindicator, a new firm com- posed of Daniel Till and Thomas Cragg 'have ordered a new out- fit and will soon be ready for business." * Ed Holliday of Brooklin made his first "century run' on his bicycle recently when he cover- ed 105 miles in nine hours, His route' Brooklin to.Cannington, then to Pefferlaw, Sutton' and Jackson's Point, through New- market and Aurora to Toronto. The sidewalk in front of Cedar Dale House was being lowered and repaired, This had not been done too soon "as it is only a very short time since one of our citizens got a severe fall on this walk,"' claimed the paper. From the District and Gen- eral column: Cornelius Wood- cock was killed at Tweed on Thursday iast. He was sitting on 8, 1894 the back of a handcar. when "by some means'"' he got his head under the brakes and they came down on it breaking his neck The amount of milk taken at the Manchester cheese factory was gradually decreasing. Five cheeses was the average for July. Meanwhile, in Columbus, several Royal Templars accept- ed an invitation to an ice cream social and a "very pleasant evening was had by all." Under a heading, 'Dominion News in Brief," was this item: "Sir Donald A, Smith's herd of buffa'oes, which had escaped from their enclosure, have been recaptured," Another one: Terrible tales of starvation and death among the Indians of Labrador are report- ed. The distress arises from scarcity of game. Fom Oshawa - on - the - lake: "Scores of young men sleep at the shore and return mornings to town to business." Eugene V. Debs, in a speech at Terre Haute, Indiana, said he had been through the last strike he would engage in. The Vindicator commented that "he has come to the sensible major- ity and will endeavor hereafter to induce labor to vote in the interests of labor and carry on reforms by means of the ballot box." ih anieh nate ont ce SE ae aan ae eemnaenan ae pact anon BEC aeadese UNITED KINGDOM OPINION Conservatives See Tide Turning In Their Favor By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent For The Oshawa Times LONDON -- Now that the ses- sion of parliament has adjourn- ed, arid the members have gone back 'to their constituencies, not for the usual long holiday, but to tighten up their political fences by active election cam- paigning, the country is waiting anxiously, or patiently, as the case may be, for the announce- ment of the general election date, It is known that it will be in October, but whether it will be on October 1, 8, 15 or 22 has yet to be announced. October 8 would seem to be ruled out as the Queen will be visiting Canada then, and it is most unlikely, in view of the possibility of a change in gov- ernment, that the prime .minis- ter would select a date on which it is known that she will be out of the country. -- October 15 is the favorite date of the forecasters, but the coun- try waits for the official call .o the polls by the prime minister. TORIES CALM As the election day comes even nearer, headquarters or- ganizations of the two. major parties are trying to assess their own strengths and weaknesses. The Conservative party organ- ization has good reason to feel that the tide is turning in its direction, apart from _ that party's improved position in the public opinion polls. Since the municipal elections in the English boroughs, held in May, there have been 138 seats on local councils involved in local government by-elections. The results of these have been highly encouraging to the Con- servative party, and they indi- cate a definite turn to the tide in its favor. In these 138 by-elections, the Conservatives gained 28 seats from Labor and the Liberals and lost only three. The Social- ists, on the other hand, have gained only five seats and have lost 19. The Liberals have -three gains to their credit, but have lost 11. These figures are regarded as significant, as they indicate that the Tories are swinging back, and have recovered a goodly part of the six per cent losses sustained by the party in the May elections. With the Con- servatives showing a net gain of 25 seats, Labor a net loss of 14 and the Liberals a net loss of eight, this is evidence that there has been a substantial change of public opinion in favor of the Tories since May. U.S. ELECTION Much greater interest than usual is being taken in the Unit- ed States presidential election, due to the success of Senator Barry Goldwater in securing the Republican nomination. As the impact. of the selection of Goldwater has run its 'course, calmer assessments of what it means are being made and the general feeling is one of dismay in many quarers, coupled with astonishment in others. While there is a general ac- knowledgment . that United States politics are entirely a matter for the people of that country to decide, there is con- siderable anxiety as to Britain's future role in world affairs and in. NATO should Senator Gold- water be elected. It is perhaps fortunate that the Britis! general election will be all~ever before -the United States voting takes. place, so that the result here will not be influenced by what happens on the other side of the Atlantic. If anything, the Conservatives, with their insistence that Bri:- ain should retain its own nu- clear deterrents, do not need to worry too much about what hap- pens in the U.S. election, as their policies will stand Britain in good stead regardless of who the next president of the United States might be. Labor, however, is not feeling quite so happy with the U.S. picture. Its leaders would be quite in accord with leaving nu- clear defence in the hands of President Johnson, but if Sena- tor Goldwater were to be elected president, Labor thinking would have to undergo some radical changes. The Socialists might not be nearly so happy as to leave the nuclear defence of Britain in the hands of Senator Goldwater. YOUR HEALTH Lord Lambton, a Conserva- tive back-bencher who is not al- « ways in agreement with his own party, has made a fighting start - in electioneering with a pamph- let in which he dissects Labor Leader Harold Wilson ahd his principal colleagues, In it he puts forward the view that - Labor might win th general election by stealth if it con.» tinues to succeed in hiding from -- the electors the kind of dedi- cated statist and old-fashioned, -- nationalizing Socialist that Mr. © Wilson really is. Here is one . striking passage from the * pamphlet; 4 4 , "If the public is taken for a~ ride it will only have itself to> blame for having judged the So--" cialists. by their election-year silence, rather than by their previous declarations, It- would be the same mistake that cer-: tain people made in England in the late 1930s, in believing that. Hitler wanted peace. They were judging him by what he was. saying under pressure, instead of by what he had written in Mein Kampf'," : Lord Lambton, who is MP for Borwick upon Tweed, describes Mr. Wilson as "a cold, cal- culating man, with an ice-cold brain, whose judgment is never disturbed by human relations or human. loyalties, or anything silly like that." He suggests that the Labor party cannot afford to let people know what Mr, Wilson ts like, and does not want people to know what sort of government he would give them. He con- cludes: j "If the Labor party was té present him as the ice-cold stat- - ist and prophet of Nationaliza- tion that he is, the country ort not think of electing im." Air Travel Query By Mother-To-Be By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, MD. Dear Dr. Molner: What ts your opinion on air travel for women who are .pregnant? I have heard about air pockets and air sickness. What is your advice?--TY, Flying, in itself has no effect on pregnancy. For most preg- nant women, air travel is per- missible. However, if there is a history of miscarriage, or if the woman is near the expected time of delivery, it would be unwise to YOUR INCOME TAX Calculating Levy On Year's Gifts By WILLIAM C, HALL B. Comm., CA, Gift tax is levied on the "aggregate taxable value" of gifts made in a taxation year. This figure is arrived at by -de- termining the aggregate value of gifts, other than exempt gifts, made-in the year and deducting therefrom the GREATER of (a) $4,000 or (b) one-half the difference between the taxable income of the donor for the preceding year and the tax pay- able thereon. Exempt gifts not included in determining '"'aggregate tax- able value" are: S (i) Gifts taking effect upon the de&th of the donor, or given so that no benefit to the recipient arises until then. (ii) Gifts to a charitable organization. (iii) Gifts to a government. (iv) A gift of an interest in real property, either to the spouse, for the spouse and do- nor to live in, or to a child of the donor for use in farming. A gift under this provision can- not exceed $10,000. It can be given only once during a per- son's lifetime. (v) Gifts to an individual, if the total amount given in the year does not exceed $1,000. Several points are noted: (1) Regarding item (iy) above, if a gift of a one-half interest in a residence is given to the taxpayer's. wife, the donor cannot make a further gift of farm property to his. son as a tax-free gift under this provi- sion. - (2) Property transferred in a joint tenancy between husband and wife can be subject to gift tax : (3). A gift must be made 3 and 5 years prior to death of the donor before it is free of estate tax and Ontario succession dut- ies respectively. (4) Gifts may be made in var- ious ways: (a) by deed -- land, (b) an instrument in writing -- assigning an interest in a life insurance policy, (c) construc- tive delivery, (d) declaration of a trust. : (5) Income from property "gifted" to a wife or chiid is usually taxed as' income to the donor nd An exgmplt of a gift tax cal- culation is as follows: Assume a taxpayer made the following -- gifts n 1964 (a) $5,000 cash to his wife; -(b) $1,000 to his son; (c) 50 shares of XYZ Company to his wife, and on the date of gift, the values of the shares were par, $10; book value, $100; market value, $200; (d) $1,025 to his daughter; (e) $5,000 to a chari- table institution; (f) $5,000 worth of bonds to his other son -- given so that the son will not obtain any benefit until the father's death. From the previous year his taxable income was. $15,000 and the tax paid thereon $5,000 (as- sumed for illustration purposes), COMPUTATION OF GIFT TAX Aggregate taxable value of gifts -- Wife: Cash Shares (50 at market value) 10,000 $ 5,000 $15,000 Daughter: Cash 1,025 16,025 Exemption: (a) Minimum (b) Taxable in- come previous year $15,000 Less: Tax paid thereon 5,000 $10,000 50% of $10,000: $5,000 5,000 Amount subject to gift tax $11,025 $ 1,323 Gift tax at 12% fly. What about the possibility of delivery during flight? Air pockets, actually strong downdrafts of air, aren't much of a hazard these days, although occasionally a low-altitude flight with gusty drafts of air can be pretty bumpy. This is usually encountered on rather short flights, mae Air sickness is really not very common in the planes we now have. If you are prone to mo- tion sickness (whether on the sea, on trains or in other vehi- cles) consult your doctor about medication to prevent it. Other- wise I see no reason for con- cem, Dear Dr. Molner: I am an 18-year-old woman, -five feet, five inches tall. I smoke and { drink a. lot of coffee. There have * been many different ways I have tried to gain weight, but nothing seems to help. I now weigh 98 pounds. Can you help me?--MRS. W. You aren't alone. I get lots of letters from young women your age, and height, and thinness, who want to gain weight, al- though not as many as from those who want to lose it. You'll doubtless start to gain as the years pass. I'd just about make that a prediction, assum- ing that your health is good. Here are my suggestions: Quit smoking and. cut down on coffee, Use cream and sugar in the beverage. Never skip breakfast (or any. meal), j Get in the habit of a mid- morning snack (such as a glass of milk and a cookie) and a mid - afternoon nibble (some crackers and cheese) and a going-to-beq bite, like a piece of pie and a cup of cocoa, or some cake, or a peanut butter sandwich, or finishing up some left-over in the ice box. It's all food, it all has calories. But just to be thoroughly safe, why not have a physical exam- ination? If you find no health - reason for your thinness, eating more will add weight. But just eating, if something is wrong, won't be the answer. Dear Dr. Molner: My doctor has been giving me hormone shots. Would these decrease the sex urge? I have a happy mar- riage and would not want te jeopardize it--JOHN R. The idea that hormones will either increase or decrease sexe °.. ual activity is rather prevalent, . but there isn't any reason to ° think this isso, There may be an isolated case here and there where hormone treatment will make a considerable change in a person's overall health--in which case such treatment will bring sexual vigor back to nor- mal, Hormones do not have a direct bearing, however. OSHAWA SHOPPING CENTRE @ RESIDENT PARTNERS Burt R. Waters, C.A. Hon. J. W. Monteith, F.C,A., M.P Gordon W. Riehl, C.A., R.1.A: Robert F.' Lightfoot, C.A. ( Monteith, Riehl, Waters & Co. Chartered Accountants Gordon W. Riehl, C.A., R.LA, PARTNERS: OSHAWA, ONTARIO @ TELEPHONE: Oshewa-Bowmanville "728-7527 Ajax 942-0890 Whitby 668-4131 A. Brock Monteith, B. Comm., CA. George E. Trethewey, C.A, Burt R. Woters, C.A,