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been' many complaints about the taxes placed on liquor, but the liquor taxes total only 87 per cent of the It can be argued that tobacco is n nota necessity, that people could get "sui, : : reasonable. Governments .may regard | smoking as a luxtiry, enjoy- "ed by half the adult park che of the country; and it is upon this half that the government depends for approximately seven per cent of its tax revenue, the proceeds of federal tobacco taxes. Apart from the 11 per cent fed- eral sales tax, cigarettes are subject to: an excise duty of $4 a thousand and an excise tax of $5 a thousand. This totals 209 per cent of the manufacturers' selling price. At the retail level, the tax totals 20 cents along quite well without it, and that therefore the people who in- dulge should be prepared to be taxed for their pleasure. It is be- ing suggested in some quarters, too, that even heavier taxes on tobacco would help to reduce smoking, par- ticularly by young people, and could therefore be considered a health measure. Even if we accept those arguments, however, it is apparent that tobacco has been loaded with taxes simply because it was con- venient and made collection easy. That is why a royal commission on taxation was necessary. The tax system is in a mess because it has been based not on ary philosophy but on expediency. Touch Of Compassion t»Many an adult: must look at sta- tistics on juvenile delinquency and duffer a twinge of conscience. How Many of us can look 'back on a | free of all blame -- look that brought justified cuff- from neighbors and police -- and the cuffings were 'punishment, not an appearance before a juvenile or family court judge. » We are not trying to say that the ics are exaggerated or that here is no reason for concern about uyeniile delinquency. There is clear- & massive problem of delinquency m industrialized nations, one that has been growing rapidly in size and ¢omplexity during the past twenty But we do say that one or incidents of childish mischief should not brand a youngster as feal potential criminal. 'Recently the U.S. Senate was 'discussing a' proposal to establish youth conservation camps. The senators did not want to turn the eamps into reform schools, and they. did not want to turn away youths who might have strayed a little "from the paths of righteous- ness;" Senator Mike Mansfield, the Senate majority leader, said this: "IT would hope that a requirement of 'good character' would be applied with a good deal of liberality and compassion. I make that statement as one who was courtmartialled twice before he was 16 years old while serving in the navy in the First World War." Senator Barry Goldwater then recalled that "I spent the better © part of a day in a Mexican jail for hitting a Mexican policeman with a pot of mustard. I was not: aiming at the policeman, but I hit him." Most men could make similar con- fessions of youthful indiscretion. We should do well to keep that in mind before we rush to brand youngsters as criminals. 'Building Bigger Market "About 70 per cent of Canada's agricultural output -- including Wheat -- is now consumed within the. country. One does not have to be an economist to realize that a fatger population would mean an éven larger domestic market for farm products. : Despite industrial unemployment, that some economic truth applies fof urban' Canada. The service in- dustries, construction, transporta- fion, trade, manufacturing -- for éxpansion, they all need enlarged domestic markets. As to unemploy- imént, it exists alongside a demand for skilled workers. Filling those Vacancies -- and wisely-directed immigration would be the fastest way -- would in itself create job pportunities. + Not to disparage other sour¢es, Britain is one place where Canada ghould be making a better effort to find immigrants. In 1962 the United Kingdom supplied only one- fifth of our total immigrants, only The Oshawa Tanes T. L. WILSON, Publisher Cc. GWYN KINSEY, Editor vip The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times established 1871) and the itby and Bese geen 1863, is published daily Y ot Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish- The Canadian Press, it Bureau ion and the Qntario Provincial Dallies The C ji Press is y Gagorched in'the poner 'credited to er to. The paper or to jated Press or Reuters, and olso the local published therein. Ali rights of speciol des- are also reserved. Th Buildi 425 | y Auet, Toran, Ontario; 640 Cothcort Street, SUBSCRIPTION RATES 'Delivered carr! in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Frasaring, Sencmite Brooklin, Port Lesa Fo Albert, Maple Grove, Homptun, Frenchmon's Bay, Liverpool, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, »Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Cloremont, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglan, Manchester, 1 and Newcastle, not over 45¢ per ve sag mail (in Be Sew ot Ontario) eutside corr livery areas 12.00 per year. Provinces ond Commonwealth Countries -- USA. end foreign ad a * one-quarter of those who entered the labor force, but the U.K. pro- vided a very high proportion of the kind of workers needed here. Over 40 per cent of last year's new- comers in the managerial- profes- sional and commercial - financial classifications were Britons, and more than half of the clerical workers. Of all the U.K. arrivals who entered the labor force, only 132 were classified as unskilled laborers. There are factors that make all this a matter of some urgency. The last few months have brought a sharp upturn in the number of Britons intending to emigrate. Re- latively few, however, are thinking of coming here, and Australia will probably get five times as many as Canada. Australian officials es- timate that in the year ending in June their country will have re- ceived 80,000 British immigrants, and that 100,000 will come in the next twelve months; in 1962 Cana- da received 15,603 British immi- grants, and expects 20,000 this year. There is no doubt that Australia's climate and her assisted-passage scheme are influences on the British emigrant's choice, but another element has been Austral- ia's consistent immigration policy. Since 1947 Australia has aimed at, and has achieved, a steady in- take of about 70,000 Britons a year; by contrast, Canada's intake has varied from 108,989 in 1957 to' 11,870 in 1961. Canada's policy of sometimes encouraging and some- times discouraging British immi- gration is a good part-of the reason why five times as many Britons choose Australia. 8 86-cent package. There have DOESN'T LEAVE You: MUCH TIME To ADMIRE THE SCENERY REPORT FROM U.K. Nelson's Flagship Being Renovated By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London ane ni For The Oshawa Times LONDON -- One of the great- est showpieces which attracts visitors from all parts of the world is the old wooden wall battleship, Victory, which lies at Portsmouth, and is open for inspection by the public. Last year, 279,000 visitors went around the ship, and about 20 YOUR HEALTH Per cem of these were organ- ized parties of school-children. Many came from overseas par- ticularly from Canada, the United States, Norway, Sweden, Italy and France. Visitors this summer and in future years, however, will se a restored and refurnished Vic- tory. And one feature is that they will see a large part of the living quarters in the aft sec- tion of the vessel restored and Poor Circulation ~ Causes Swelling By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, MD Dear Dr. Molner: I am 78 years old and have milk leg. At first it was swollen from ankle to hip. Rest and eleva- tion were the only treatment. Will exercise help or hinder the condition? The leg is still swollen from ankle to knee zeal month of sest.--MRS. Milk leg, which can occur any time from medium to advanced age, is teachnically known as phlebitis. In plain language, this means that a vein of the leg, and oc- casionally more than one, has become inflamed, causing swel- ling of the vein tissues. The swelling reduces circ u lation. Reduced circulation makes the surrounding tissues swell, too, because fluids which reach them are not as quickly car- ried away as they should be. What causes milk leg? An in- jury, perhaps. A clot. the accu- mulation of some sort of in- flammation in a vein. Or con- tinued irritation somewhere along the route of the vein. Var- icose veins often fall victim to this trouble; and that is one of the very sound reasons for cor- recting them. Rest, is important. So is ele- vation of the leg because this helps the flow of biood through the inflamed, constricted vein. Pushing blood back toward the heart from the toes is, because of the force of gravity, much more difficult than forcing it back from any other part of the body. The feet are lowest. That's why we rarely see a "milk arm," but often a "milk leg." Massage, rubbing and exer- cise (at that stage of the ail- ment) can add to the irritation TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS May 1, 1963... A United States military reconnaissance plane, a U2 piloted by Francis Gary Powers, was shot down from high altitude in the Soviet Union three years ago today--in 1960. Soviet Premier Khrushchev re- fused to participate in the Paris summit conference unless President Eisen- hower apologized for U-2 flights over the U.S.S.R. and the conference was not held. Powers was convicted of espionage in Moscow and sentenced to 10 years, but in February, 1962,-was -ex- changed by the Russians at Berlin for Col. Rudolf Abel, a Soviet spy who had been serving sentence in the U.S. 1885--Ottawa got its first electric street lights. and make the situation worse, just as you wouldn't expect to cure an infected finger by mas- saging it or exercising it. The inflammation must first sub- side. At the proper time, elastic bandages help, but you have to wait until they give support to a vein that is regaining healthy vigor. You can't just '"'squeeze the swelli down." All you would do at that point would be to hinder the healing pro- cess. More specific treatments are sometimes good, but they de- pend on the exact situation. Antibiotics are best if the ma- jor problem is a germ-caused inflammation. Anti - inflamma- tory drugs;-as phenylbutazone, can be helpfiil, and so can some of the newer enzyme prepara- tions whi can be taken by mouth. In today's case the swelling, which at first extended to the hip, is now down to the knee. This indicates that the simple but boring treatment of 'rest and elevation' is doing some good. There is no quick, dra- matic way to correct milk leg, but patience, good judgment and time can work wonders. GALLUP POLL sehaeneneiiiiiiues furnished exactly as they were when Nelson used. shem at Tra- falgar. The first phase of the restora- tion of the Victory has involved making furniture in the Ports- mouth dockyard to fit specifica- tions decided upon. after research by the Victory advi- sory committee. It has brought the oldest warship in the world to life. Launched in 1765, the Victory is now the flagshi> of Admiral Sir Wilfred Woods, commander - in - chief at Ports- mouth. e The second phase of restora- tion, to be started shortly, will involve the re-creation of the quarters of Captain Hardy, who was captain of the warship at the Battle of Trafalgar in which Nelson lost his life. Research on this is now being done. Ulti- mately, his quarters will also be in view to the public. Nelson's hammock - style sus- pended cot has been restroed as when it was used by him, with two lanterns above and on each side a gun with shot. Hitherto not on view, these guns were brought from the lieutenant's cabin, which is at present oc- cupied by Commander V. H. Bracher, R. N., the command- ing officer. Nelson's day quarters, lighted by a bay of windows across the stern, have been redecorated. They are linked by a partition with the Great Cabin, formely the wardroom, but now used by the-C-in-C, Portsmouth as a din- ing cabin. Not yet completely restored, for some aspects of such work go on for years, the dining cabin is painted in white, light blue and gold. Among its furnishings are a table of the Nelson period, two original chairs and a four replica chairs from the dockyard and a picture of Nel- son. There is also a $300 early 19th century carpet with a "Trafalgar surround' of sail- cloth, painted like bold, dia- mond-shaped tiles. The Victory is expected to be re-rigged with hempen ropes later this year. As was natural with tthe passing of years, faults have developed in the rig- ging of the ship, and these have been made good with sisal. So visitors to Portsmouth can now see the Victory refurnished to the style which it carried when Nelson strode its quarter- deck at the Battle of Trafalgar, and received his fatal wound there, Election Shows Votes Of Union M THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC OPINION (Worid Copyright Reserved) The New Democratic party, which avowedly set out to win the support of organized labor in the last election, seems to nave fallen somewhat short of its goal, according to the elec- tion '"'Post Mortem" being car- ried out by The Institute. Analysis in past elections has shown that Canada remains remarkably free of "voting blocs" in the usual occupation- al sense, In the 1963 election, Households % Voted for: Conservative sevsseecees eee Liberal NDP Socreds eeeeeseoceee eeeeeee NDP 'party chiefs could, of course, take comfort in the fact, shown above, that nearly twice as many Union members voted for that party as did other seg- ments of the population, but the NDP's could hardly claim to be the party of organized labor. 4 ' en Divided table below shows union mem- bers and their families were more apt to support the Liberal party or even the Conservative party, than they were the New Democrats. Moreover, union households split in the 1963 election very much as they did in 1962, indicating little advance by the NDP. .The voting behavior of union members and the eligible mem- bers of their families is com- pared below with all others in the voting population and corre- sponding with 1963 figures in brackets: Union All Others % 34 (42) 43 (36) 11 ( 8) 12 (14) 28 (25) 38 (38) 21 (23) 13 (14) 100% 100% Another Institute report showed that while Canadian farmers tended to support the Conservative party over the Lib- erals (49 per cent Conservative vs. 33 per cent Liberal); a "farm bloc' per se did not exist in Canada. settee, - » Big New Push Expected To Finish Trans-Canada cP Canadian Press Staff Work on the Newfoundland rtion of the Trans-Canada hway is expected to get a big push now that a Liberal government is in power in Ot- tawa, i Only about 200 miles of the rovince's 540 miles have been rought up to standards re- quired by the 1949 legislation provi for construction of the national. highway. F. W. Rowe, Newfoundland minister of highways, says his province will rush to finish its route under a 90-10 cost-sharing jae promised by the federal rals when they were in op- position in Parliament. Under the present federal- provincial agreement, Ottawa pays 50 per cent of the cost of the 4,860-mile road from St. 'John's, Nfld., to Victoria. In ad- dition the federal government pays 90 per cent of the cost of the most difficult 10 per cent of each province's mileage and bears the entire expense of con- struction through national parks. Deadline for completing the highway has been extended twice and now is Dec. 31 this year. FOUR FINISHED A' Cross-Canada Survey by The Canadian Press shows Prince Edward Island, Mani- toba, Saskatchewan and Alberta have completed their sections of the road. Other provinces are mostly engaged in bringing al- ready-paved. sections up to stan- dard, Exceptions are Quebec, which entered the agreement 11 years after most other provinces, and Newfoundland, which was a special case in that most of its route stretches across difficult terrain and was entirely un- paved. A plank in the Liberal party's 1958 federal election platform said the Atlantic provinces should be given special help in completing their portions. It proposed that the federal con- tribution in the area be 90 per cent. This stand was reiterated in Commons speeches by Lester Pearson, then Opposition leader. Highways Minister Rowe says the Liberals have promised to make the 90-10 cOst split retro- active to April 1. He adds that this province will rush to finish its work before the agreement expires at the end of this year. AWAITED ELECTION In addition to the 200 miles completed, Newfoundland _has another 140 miles done except for paving. The province spent $2,000,000 in 1962 but made no firm spending plans for 1963 as it was awaiting the outcome of the federal election. Only six miles of Quebec's 396 miles are up to standard but t province is expected to accel- erate construction in. order to 'get as much work as possible done this year while the fed- eral-provincial agreement is in force. Quebec will spend $35,000,000 to complete the route from the Ontario border to Montmagny, northeast of Quebec City. In- cluded in this program is a tun- nel-bridge crossing the St. Law- rence River at the eastern end of Montreal Island. The Quebec government is advantage of the Trans- 1 foo mab eal build a highway paral- rapped mao ts td biebony at its own cost. The aim ry 4 have a four - lane boulevard across the province when work is completed, y The provinces are responsible for the entire con of anything . beyond the standard ment of a two-lane ay with broad shoulders. The picture in*the other eight provinces: Nova Scotia: With 119 of its -- 318 miles completed, the prov- ince will spend nearly -$1,000,- 000 bringing the remainder up to standard. New Brunswick: It has com- pleted 209 of its 390 miles and OTTAWA REPORT Pearson Cabinet Strong In Talent By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--The first "Pear- son' ministry breaks welcome new ground in several respects, the most significant of which is the evident long thought and deep care in its composition. Collectively, it can boast im- mense experience in govern ment administration. No fewer than 10 of the 26 ministers have been civil servants, either as their intended career or on @ temporary basis. And three more have been on the Crown payroll in various capacities. Thus exactly half the ministers have previously participated in government on the administra- tive side. The cabinet includes the two joint "deans" of the House of Commons, Hon, Paul Martin and Hon. Azellus Denis, who can boast the longest continu- ous service of any MPs now sitting. Each has participated in 35 sessions of Parliament. The government leader in the Senate, Hon. Ross Macdonald, can boast an exactly similar record dating back to the gen- eral election of 1935, but in his case his membership has been dvded between the House and the Senate. . NEW TO PARLIAMENT While, there is this unequalled parliamentary experience in the Pearson cabinet, there are also many newcomers, who include several of the former civil serv- ants. The entire junior half of the cabinet together have sat in. less sessions of Parliament than Paul Martin. The 13 new- est parliamentarians in the cabinet, have together sat in only, 34 seg 9 | were ected to | louse for tl first: hint this month: tobe: others had sat previously only in the short session of the re- cent brief 25th Parliament. . Seldom can so many politi- cians have started their career on the top rung of the ladder! But they will not be "green", because of their immense. col- lective experience on the ad- ministrative side of govern: ment. It is a young cabinet. Its average age is 51 years and 10 BY-GONE DAYS 25 YEARS AGO Mary Sireet Public School, under the direction of Leonard Richer, presented six numbers for a radio broadcast in Toronto. Rev. Dr. R. O. Jolliffe, mis- sionary to West China, (father of Charles Jolliffe, formerly of the OCVI staff), was guest speaker at special services' held in Northminster United Church where Rev. F. M. Wootton was pastor. " Charles M. Mundy was elect- ed one of the vice-presidents of _~the Boy Scouts' Association Pro- vincial Council when it met in Kitchener. H! J. Carmichael and Col. Frank Chappell were appointed to the executive com- mittee. Dr. S. J. Phillips, Col. F. Chappell and Charles McGib- bon were members of a com- mittee to arrange a civic ban- quet in honor of the victorious McLaughlin Coal Juveniles, who _won the Ontario Hockey Cham- pionship. The subject for the feature article of the week, 'Intimate Interviews of Oshawa People," was James Lewington, florist, who had been in business here since 1911. Inspector C. F. Cannon of Public Schools reported 3,771 students enrolled at the eight city schools for March. The enrolment at the OCVI, report- ed by the principal, A. E. O'Neill, was 1,112 for the same month. Ancus-GRayDon CARPET COMPANY 7282 King W 728-9581 RUG CLEANING Lt.Col. E. Pearson, QC, the Ontario Regiment, was deco- rated for 20 years' service as an officer from National Defence Headquarters. Ontario Regi- ment Bandsmen J. H. Allison, G. Cane, O. Gibbs, M. M. Hainer, T. E. Henstock, J. Pugh, W. T. Toms and A. E. Way were. presented with medals for 12 years' service by Lt.Col. E. Pearson, QC. A. E. O'Neill, principal of Oshawa Collegiate and Voca- tional Institute, speaking at a meeting of the Educational Association in Toronto, stated that "'pupils should be allowed to leave school when they are no longer interested in their work," The first boat to dock at the Oshawa Harbor was the SS Coalfax loaded with coal. Nancy Murrall of Oshawa won the 60-yard sprint event for Juniors at the International a Track Games at Hamil- on, Oshawa Fish and Game Asso- ciation held its final meeting of the year. Frank Dey of Toronto, gave a talk on "Practical Fishe ing Hints." months, This compares with a1 average age of 53 years for 'first Diefenbaker ministry in 1957, which in turn was three years younger on aver: than the Liberal cabinet it me K _In age, Hon, Ross M: is the "Father" of the cabinet, at 71 years. Then come Prime Minister Pearson aged 65, Jack Nicholson aged 61, Hon, Lionel Chevrier aged 69. All the rest are youngsters ranging from 59-year-old Hon. Paul Martin down to 38-year-old Hon, Judy La Marsh, the old. minister of health and the new one respectively. kee e most interes' . cabinet appointments is iat Jack Pickersgill to be secre- tary of state. This light depart- mental responsibility will leave the Liberals' top parliamentary Strategist ample time for his supremely important additional work as House leader. This re- sponsibility for mapping 'the program and acceptability - of House business is especially Amportant -vith a minority: goy- ernment. The expanded future role, as minister of the proposed -de- partment of industry, planned for Hon. C. M. (Bud) Drury-- now minister of defence produc- tion--could be especially. im- Portant to the strengthening of the Canadian economy. Signifi- cant too is the delegation of responsibility for housing to the new mnister of national réy- enue, Hon. Jack Garland, the former Liberal housing critic. One of his first tasks may :be the cleaning up of the unsavory on as yet unpublicized housing versary, former woyks mil -- Walker. ° eases Ss more than a to intention 'that' Hon. Menace Lamontagne, president of the Privy Council, has been given a role which may well make him the healer of the rift in Confederation. His appointment clearly shows recognition of this need to bring the two races closer, and is 'very aptly timed in view of recent develo pments YEAR 'ROUND LUXURY «2 sin the center of America's - film capital close to. rit freeways and points of ine erest. « « » rooms, suites, itchenettes, fresh water pool, 24 hour switchboard, complimentary breakfast, free Parking, radio, TV, air cone" itioning. 7212 SUNSET BLVD. Porth of Rowse 66, Walt of ollywoo: 101), Sunset Blvd Exit ve HOLLYWOOD, CALIFORNIA Tel. 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