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A pe mam aa nee ae Oy SR AYN ia i Rc Ne nla NE Nd mene Oshawa Fines Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher SATURDAY, MARCH 2, 1963 -- PAGE 6 ° Party Spokesmen Nibble At Economic Questions It's encouraging that leading party spokesmen have begun to nibble at the economic questions which should be the main issues of the current election campaign. The nibbling has been rather tentative, but at least it's a start. T. C. Douglas has turned his at- tention to the need for more Cana- dian investment in Canada. His plan ~ "would be to set up a national invest- ment board and a Canadian develop- ment fund. He did not go into detail concerning the manner in which the two organizations would function, but his proposal indicated at least . some general approach to the basic problem of Canadian ownership control of resources and industry. Lester Pearson warned this week that government will have to make some unpleasant decisions if econ- omic ills are to be cured. He, too, did not elaborate, but he said the government would have to stimulate the economy and boost business ex- pansion to provide employment; the government could not do it alone, and people would have to work hard and work together, but the govern- ' ment could show the way. The gov- * ernment, he said, should not spend one nickel that did not contribute to this stimulation and expansion. All of which is fine -- as far as it goes. Mr. Pearson should now start . outlining specific proposals. Mr. Diefenbaker so far has in- ' dulged largely in expansive but ' vague oratory, but his trade minis- ter, Senator McCutcheon, has noted soberly that the country must have a pretty healthy rate of economic growth to do no more than keep up with the automatic increase in health and welfare costs, Senator McCutcheon pointed out to a Toronto gathering that there is a "statutory" increase of $250 million a year in the federal govern- ment's expenditures on health and welfare. In other words, even if there are no addition to or changes in this program, there is an addi- tional annual cost of a quarter of a billion dollars simply to carry on with measures already passed by Parliament. The 1963-64 estimates, had they been presented before dis- solution, would have provided a budget of $1,855 million for health and welfare. That figure can be taken as a pre-determined mini- mum, predetermined by statute no matter what party or parties may form the next government or when the budget may be brought down. And that amount will, in fact, be less than half of the country's total spending in this area in the coming year. The old age pension fund, for example, operates outside the federal budget -- and the fund's payments in the coming year will amount to around $745 million. It takes a healthy economy indeed to support this sort of spending, and that is what the politicians should be talking about -- not vaguely but specifically. Redistribution Put Off There have been many promises ; made in the past about the arrange- - ment of a more equitable redistribu- tion of Commons seats by popula- ' tion, but Canadians go into still - another federal election with a wild : variation in the "power" of their » votes. If you live in a rural riding, : your vote has a greater influence on the election result than if you were » a voter in an urban riding. According to the 1961 census, only 2.1 million Canadians lived on farms. There were another 3.4 mil- lion persons living in non-farm, rural localities. This total rural population of 5.5 million compared with an urban population of 12.7 million. Yet the rural residents, only 80 per cent of the total, elect more than half of the 265 Members of. the House of Commons. In vary- ing degree that same situation ap- plies in the provincial legislatures. If representation in the federal parliament were on the basis of a straight mathematical average, which is admittedly impossible, each constituency would have a population of about 69,000 -- again on the basis of the 1961 census. In fact, however, something like 185 electoral districts fall below this average and about 80 are above it. The record of the general elec- tion of June 18, 1962, discloses ex- treme examples of the voters' in- equality of representation. In the York-Scarborough riding, in the Toronto area, votes were cast by 123,143 persons; in Iles-de-la-Made- leine in Quebec there were only 5,089 votes, and in Prince Edward Island's Kings riding only 9,457 votes. All told,there were 124 rid- ings where the total vote cast was less than 25,000. This same problem of under-rep- resentation of the urban majority exists in the United States, both in state legislature and the federal congress. There, however, the Su- preme Court has recently ruled that city-dwellers may take legal action to force changes in electoral dis- tricts for the purpose of obtaining more equitable representation. Re- distribution should be one of the eary concerns of the 26th Parlia- ment. Our Dollar And Prices Devaluation of the dollar has had only a modest effect on Canadian prices in general, although some commodities have shown substantial price increases. The Bank of Mont- real's current business review points out that while the exchange value of the Canadian dollar declined by 12 per cent between December, 1959, and December, 1962, the consumer price index and the wholesale price She Oshawa Zimes T. L, WILSON, Publisher C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor' The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times (established 1871} and the Whitby Gazette and Chronicle (established 1863) is published daily y y y . bers of C Daily N Publish. ers Association, The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association, The Conadian Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republication of all news or Reuters, news published therein. All rights of special des- patches ore also reserved. Ottices: Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Teronto, Ontario; 640 Cothcart Street, Montreal, P.Q. wis SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby}, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Mople Grove, Hamptun, Frenchman's Boy, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskilien, Orono, Leskard, 6: ham, Burketon, Claremont, Columbus, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglan, Blackstock, Manchester, Pontypool and Newcastle, not over 45¢ per week By mail (in Province of -Ontario) outside corriers cavery areas 12.00 per year. Other P en Countries 15.00, USA. end foreign 24,00. index rose by only three and 5.5 per cent, respectively. The bank Says: : "One explanation for the relatively moderate effects of devaluation on prices in Canada is that the initial impact, over a wide range of pro- ducts, has been largely confined to goods which enter into the produc- tive process at an early stage and which account for only a small per- centage of the total cost of the end product." The price trends in Canada over recent years have, in fact, compared favorably with those in other in- dustrialized countries, particularly when the decline in the exchange value of the dollar is taken into account. Consumer prices have risen roughly in line with those in the 'United States, and considerably Jess than in Britain or in most Western European countries. The bank concludes that the degree of improvement in Canada's international payments position that may be possible in future will be influenced in great measure hy the extent to which increase in Cana- dian prices are kept in check. THE NEW MODEL YOUR HEALTH Queries Pre-Natal Smoking Effects By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, MD Dear Dr. Molner: What about the pregnant woman who smokes? I am now three months along and want to know if there are any known cases of a child be- ing mentally or physically de- formed because the mother smoked. What medication is safe?--E.J.A. I've long thought it prefer- able if pregnant women didn't smoke, but I've never gotten to the point of flatly prohibiting it. We have the terrible and out- standing examples of the drug thalidomide, and of German measies if it occurs in the first three months of pregnancy. These we know about. There could be others, perhaps of less devastating effect, that we have not identified. Therefore, it is a good rule, particularly in early pregnancy to take no medication except by prescription. Doctors are be- coming more and more cautious in the use of any medications with which they have not had plenty of past experience. Bet- er safe than sorry. Smoking, if excessive, is thought to tend toward' prema- ture labor; and prematurity is a danger in itself although not in the sense of a deformity. Too much prematurity, can, of course be a threat to the life of the child. Perhaps smoking, in such cases, would have to be counted as only one of several factors--babies have been born prematurely to mothers who did not smoke at all, but may have ha dsome contributing illness or other condition, or may have been subjected to an. accident or shock of some kind. As to tobacco causing deform- ity, physical or mental, I do mot know of any evidence in that direction. A recent report indicates that babies of women who: smoke excessively tend to be smailer and on the average eight ounces lighter than those of non-smok- ers. Whether this reflects a dif- ference in nutrition, or is at- tributable to the nicotine, I can not say. But I will say that reduction of excessive smoking by a mother-to-be certainly makes sense, GALLUP POLL Dief Maintains Lead In Personality Race (World Copyright Reserved) BY THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC OPINION When his Government fell, John Diefenbaker had a good lead over Mike Pearson as best ieader for Canada. His rat- ing, at 40 per cent choice of the voters, is a considerable drop from a high of 51 per cent recorded in December 1957, but he has maintained 1 lead over Mr. Pearson in each succeed- ing study. Mr. Pearson has not gained much in public favor as best leader. His rating of 33 per cent was at about the same level as in 1960, but up from the drop recorded in April of last year. Mr. Diefenbaker was ahead of his party; Mr. Pearson at a Best Leader for Canada? John Diefenbaker Lester B, Pearson Both the same Qualified No opinion Looking deeper in attitudes in those areas where the national average can be separated on a satisfactorily accurate basis, these changes in Quebec and On- Best Leader for Canada? John Diefenbaker Lester B, Pearson Both the same Qualified 'Neither No opinion "4 In Ontario, Mr. Diefenbaker has increased his rating as best leader by a big margin John Diefenbaker Lester B. Pearson Both the same Qualified Neither Undecided ' lower level than his latest Gall- up rating, in terms of popular vote, While, politically, Liber- als stood 11 per cent ahead of Conservatives, Mr. Diefenbaker was 7 per cent ahead of Mr. Pearson as the voter's choice of best leader for the nation, when political feelings are put aside. The story is told graphically in the columns below, results of four studies in which Gallup Poll interviewers asked an iden- tical question: "Regardles of any political feelings you may have, and thinking just of individuals, which man do you think would make the hest leader for Can- ada at the present time -- John Diefenbaker or Lester B. Pear- son?" EARLY APRIL FEB. 35% 40% 27 33 18 14 2 3 18 10 DEC, 51% 26 10 oct. 36% 34 17 13 13 100% 100% 100% 100% tario are revealed. In Quebec Mr. Diefenbaker has recovered" from his drop last year and is back at his i961 level, while Mr. Pearson has dropped in each study. QUEBEC OCT. EARLY 196: DEC. 1961 28%, 39 14 FEB. 3 19 100%, 100%, 100% over Mr. Rearson, who has re- mained at about the same. level over the past two years. ONTARIO 35% 28 14 47% 31 "12 4 3 19 7 100% 100% 100% Dear Dr. Molner: Our grand- son had measles four years ago. It left him with a badly drain- ing ear. His tonsils and aden- oids were removed but this did no help. Could it turn into cancer? Will it gradually get worse? Would surgery end the trouble? Mrs. C.W.G. It won't turn into cancer but it is a hazard to general health and may impair hearing. Drain- ing ears are one of the serious complications of measles. It is my understanding that many have been cleared up by sur- gery, but this depends on pre- cisely where the infection is lodged. Dear Dr. Moimer: Has it been established whether cancer is contagious or is the research still in progress?--M.G,B, After many years of observa- tion and study, without finding any sign that cancer is conta- gious, we can be reasonably sure that it isn't. Not so jong ago some volunteers even per- mitted cancer tissue to be em- bedded in their own flesh. The cancer tissue quickly dis- appeared in the healthy volun- teers, and survived only in those who already had the dis- ease. BY-GONE DAYS 40 YEARS AGO Mrs. F. M. Dickie resigned her position as postmistress of South Oshawa after 18 years of service. Gordon D. Conant, chairman of the Water Commission, and Town Engineer Smith, announc- ed the intention of approaching the High School Board to secure land for the erection of a water tower. " Dr. F. L. Henry was re-elec- ed chairman of the Parks Com- mission. He submitted blue- prints of a proposed grandstand to be erected in Alexandra Park. Miss Leah Garrow and W. Harmer were soloists at the 10th anniversary of King Street Methodist Church. Mrs. R. S. McLaughlin was elected president of the Local Council of Women at the an- nual meeting. Honorary presi- dents were Mrs. C. S. Farewell and Mrs, G. D. Conant. During the month of Febru- ary the circulation of the Osh. awa Public Library was 4,132. The membership totalled 159, an increase of 51 over the pre- vious month. J. F. Tamblyn, postmaster, told the Oshawa Reformer that the new mail service between all northern points and Oshawa was proving very satisfactory. An Oshawa Post of a veter- ans' organization to be known as the Canadian Legion was or- ganized under Sgt.-Maj. Green of the Ontario Regiment. In Oshawa and district high test gasoline advanced from 37 to 39 cents a gallon, while the lower grade sold at 35 instead of 33 cents. Town Engineer's department issued permits valued at $2,200 for February. Customs receipts for the Port of Oshawa totall- ed $417,287 for the month. Edwin C. Partridge, bands- man and newcomer from West- ern Ontario, joined the Ontario Regimental Band as a cornet soloist A. W. Harrold, secretary of the YMCA, spoke on The His- tory and Development of Boys' Work at the Centre Street Home and School Club. Seventh-day Adventists open- ed a 10-day conference at Osh- awa Missionary College, UNITED KINGDOM OPINION Big Change In Approach Needed To Lift Economy By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Cc ndent Orrespo! For The Oshawa Times LONDON -- The attainment of Britain's target of a four per cent increase in industrial out- put each year over the next five- year period depends on the gov- ernment taking a far more rad- ical approach to the country's industrial and economic prob- lems. And the same reasoning also applies to the attitudes of the trades unions and the em- ployers of labor. Th&t, in a nutshell, is what stands*out in the first report to be proguced by the National Economic Development Council, scheduled to be published before the end of March. Drawn up by the Council's director, Sir Robert Shone,- and his staff, the report was given a thorough go- ing over by the 20 members of the Council at a two-day meet- ing in London, GOVERNMENT MUST MOVE While the full details of the report have not been made pub- lic, enough is known.of it to in- dicate that in the view of "NEDDY", the desired rate of industrial growth can only be attained by the government making a considerable number of changes and improvements in its policies. Reginald Maudling, chancellor of the exchequer, was told this quite plainly at the Council's meeting. Among the matters to which the government is directed to give more attention are tax re- forms, stepping up of industrial training, more spending on pub- lic authority housing, steps to balance its imports and exports and the re-shaping of legislation for the direction of industrial expansion into the areas of high unemployment. HEAVY PROGRAM This is quite a heavy program for a government which has only another year, or a little more to go, before it must appeal to the voters. It is doubt- ful, even if the government agreed with all the recom- mendations of "NEDDY", whether there would be time in the intervening period to pass all the legislation which would be required, although with Com- mon Market legislation no long- er necessary, the time schedule of parliament may be somewhat relaxed. The interesting point about the report, however, is very clear indication that government pol- icies must move sharply-to the left if the country is to achieve the desired goal of industrial ex- pansion, LABOR'S CY | On the first day on which he took his seat as leader of the opposition in the House of Com- mon, Harold Wilson, the new party leader, made it known that if it came into power the Labor would go' ahead with its declared policy of more na- tionalization, This subject came up when one of the Conservative minis- ters, the financial secretary to the treasury, declared that with the change in the Labor leader- ship a "substantial extension of public ownership" was proposed. This was an obvious reference to the well-known left wing views of Mr. Wilson. Mr. Wilson, however, left. the House in no doubt as to where he stood on the question of na- tionalization. He intervened to say that he was pledged to up- hold the nationalization clause-- the contentious clause four--in the Labor party constitution, but he retorted, 'You don't have to pick out one member. That is the position of the whole party." It should be noted, however, that it was not the position of the late party leader, Hugh Gait- skell, who fought tooth and nail for a considerable watering down of the Labor's nationaliza- tion plans. He realized that the party could not hope to win a general election on a platform calling for the all-out national- ization provided for in clause four. Mr. Wilson, however, did not see eye to eye with his for- mer leader on that point, and it is not surprising that on his ap- pearance as opposition leader he made no bones about the direc- tion in which he will lead his party. SERVICE CANDIDATES A stop-gap plan to halt the rush of men in the services be- coming candidates in elections in order to secure discharge from the services has been ap- proved in parliament. It is a simple one. A special committee has been set up, and all men candidates will have to go be- fore it to prove that they are serious in their desire to contest elections and to serve as mem- OTTAWA REPORT Grinding Poverty Danger For Haiti By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--As the New World is the symbol of hope for "the tired, the poor, the huddled masses of the Old World yearn ing to breathe free,"' so the na- dir of hopelessness must be Haiti, the republic where Negro slaves first breathed free in this brave New World. After 170 years of blood-spat- tered history, that torpid Carib- bean country may soon, it is feared here, be capped by a Castro-style uprising. Haiti occupies the western one-third of the island of His- panola. It is half the size of Nova Scotia, and would fit com- fortably into Lake Erie. Yet it is the home of more than four million descendants of slaves transported from The Congo and West Africa. Poor in de- velopment and resources, Haiti contrasts sadly even with its neighbor, the Dominican Repub- lie. But the most sophisticated tourist could not fail to thrill to the exotic overtones and carefree laugher of Haiti. Vivid colors, strange customs and frightening folklore make Haiti an exciting land for the travel- ler who is sated with look-alike motels, tasteless hamburgers and conformist Babbits. GLORIOUS ENDEAVOR Haitians prattle the language inherited from .their former French plantation overlords. From the same source they have accepted the Catholic re- ligion, but with a strange am- bidextrous faith they still be- lieve in voodooism and black magic transported from The Congo. They are justifiably proud of the world's most magnificient fortress, built of granite by the great Negro emperor Henri Christophe, large enough to house 10,000 warriors, and tow- ering like the menacing prow of a huge steamship above Cap Haitien. The tropical jungle has wrought havoc with the beauti- ful palace of Sans Souci, whose columns and arches and sweep- ing staircases were intended by Henri Christophe to compare in elegance with those of any pal- ace in Europe. And here, to build up the self-respect of his newly liberated subjects, the emperor created a Negro aris- tocracy, filling his palace with peers with improbable titles -- the Count of Marmalade and the Count of Lemonade -- and the Knights of St. Henri resplen- dent in'scarlet robes and plumed headdress, If that dream crumbled, at least the presidential palace in Port-au-Prince remains a sight to impress every visitor. In ar- chitecture, grandeur and sheer dazzling whiteness, I would rate it far superior to that shack be- side the Potomae River now called home by the Kennedys. Nor do Haitians forget that their army of ex-slaves, bril- liantly led by Henri Christophe and other generals, inflicted upon the forces of Napoleon his first defeat, when he tried to suppress their revolt. UNCLE SAM AIDS Today's visitor to this repub- lic must contrast the obvious wealth of the few with the in- equity of the starving poverty of the masses. He admires the elegant "sang - meles" and "metis" Haitian women danc- ing in the smart Cabane Chou- coune; he :heeds the children's begging in the street; and he gladly buys carved mahogany souvenirs from the pipe-smok- ing old crones in the garish steel-roofed market. bers of parliament. This screen- ing committee, of seven mem- bers, will examine each appli- cant for nomination papers, and make recommendations to the minister of defence as to wheth- er these men are genuinely seeking election or merely anxious to find an easy way to get out of the armed services. It would appear that the com- mittee will have plenty to do unless its very existence scares off most of the service men who have asked for papers to become candidates in the coming by- elections in Rotherham and Colne Valley. Up to the present, 667 service men have made ap- lications for nomination papers. low many will go on with the idea now that they have to run the guantlet of a special screen- ing committee remains to be seen, but a drastic reduction in their numbers is anticipated. BIG BUDGET One thing is certain about the budget which will be presented in the Commons on April 3 by Chancellor of the Exchequer Reginald Maudling. It will be a whopper -- the biggest peace- time spending budget in Britain's history. Mr. Maud- ling's estimates, presented to parliament, call for an expendi- ture in the next fiscal year of some $18,400 million, an increase Of $1,581 million over the esti- mates presented by Selwyn Lloyd in the 1962 budget. Behind the expected huge bud- get is the government's realiza- tion that there is an abundance of unutilized labor and produc- tive resources in the country, and that these must be put to work. Hence the greatest in- creases are in public projects which will pump money into the eccnomy by providing a substan tial measure of employment. The government is apparently willing to budget for a deficit in order to get the country's economy moving into high gear again, and at the same time, it would not be hazardous to risk @ guess that there will also be some measures of tax relief to increase the spending power of the people when the budget pro- visions are revealed. At lea the people are being prepa for what the press is referring: to a "boom year" budget. TODAY IN . HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS March 2, 1963... Texas declared its inde- pendence from Mexico 127 years ago today--in 1836. On April 21 Sam Houston lead- ing 800 Texans defeated 3,- 000 Mexicans. Mexican Gen- eral Santa Anna signed trea- ties ending hostilities and recognizing Texan independ- 'ence. The Mexican Congress repudiated the treaties but in 1837 the United States and Britain recognized Tex- as' independence. Texas became the 28th state of ~~ Union jin December, 1845. 1877--The cities of Belle. ville and Brantford, Ont., were incorporated. 1918--German troops oc- cupied the Russian city of Kiev in the First World War. PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM A British botanist says it wasn't an apple that Eve gave to Adam, but an apricot. Some believe she handed Adam @ raspberry. oo "The hemline should be posi- tioned at the middle of the knee."" -- Style Note. This de- cree will exactly suit women who are too modest to show more than half their knees. There are many thousands of hidden taxes these days, but no place where the taxpayer can hide, alas! Lacking industry and re. jim sources, food, Haiti has long welcomed Uncle Sam's dollar aid. But the U.S. can get into some strange pickles. It sent a marine cor- poral to the off-shore island of not self-sufficient in } La Gonave; he was the son of | Polish immigrants to the Penn- svlvania coalfields, with the un. likely name of Faustin Wirkus. By chance, decades ago Haiti f was ruled by King Faustin, so the U.S. marine was welcomed by the voodoo priests as a rein- carnation of their emperor. He told me he enjoyed his benevo- lent rule over his island king dom--until the Pentagon with- drew him in anguish. But now U.S. aid is being tapered off, there are tales of governmen- tal mismanagement, and an- other eruption may soon add a sorry chapter to Haiti's brave endeavour. 135 SIMCOE ST. 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