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Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario Tokai Wilson, Publisher TUESDAY, JANUARY 22, 1963 -- PAGE 6 'Revival' Budget Plan Presented By Kennedy . The budget President Kennedy has presented to the U.S. Congress fs daring, to say the least. Not only does he propose a net $10 billion fax cut spread over three years, but he also proposes a record-break- ing spending program of $98.8 bil- lion involving an $11.9 billion deficit. . A year ago, when he was concern- ed about his country's balance of payments and the protection of the U:S. dollar, Mr. Kennedy. was talk- fiig about a balanced budget -- his presentation to Congress even sug- gested a modest surplus, an expec- tation which turned out to be wholly unrealistic, since the current year's deficit will probably be around $8.8 hillion. But now he says the choice ig between "chronic deficits arising out of a slow rate of economic growth and temporary deficits stem- ming from a tax program designed to promote fuller use of our resour- ces and more rapid economic growth." He hopes that the releas- ing of the tax brake will allow the U.S.. economy to pick up enough momentum to generate the new revenue needed to eliminate future deficits. Both Democratic and Republic members of Congress have been startled by Mr. Kennedy's pro- posals, and some bitter opposition to his program has been promised. But politicians rarely manage to summon the courage to reduce spending programs in any substan- tial fashion; they have their par- ticular areas of interest, which of course need all the money that's going, and by the time the trades and deals between the areas of in- terest are completed, the economies have been forgotten. Mr. Kennedy wants to spend more on health, labor, welfare, education, conservation of natural resources, space research and defence. He proposes reductions only in some highly uncertain fields -- federal payments to farm programs and military and economic assistance. It would not be surprising if actual spending in these areas went up rather than down. If Congress approves Mr. Ken- nedy's program, including the tax cuts, the reaction of the American economy will be closely watched by other governments, Legal Research Urged Chief Justice J. C. McRuer of the High Court of Ontario has estab- lished himself as the elder states- man of Canadian legal practice, and he has established himself in that position by giving forthright ex- pression to his observations of Cana- dian law, based on long and rich experience. This week he spoke to the annual dinner of the York County Law As- sociation and pointed to the lack of organized legal research in Can- ada, and tied this to what he thought was the legal profession's lack of concern for the need for law reform. Some aspects of the law are unjust, bad, outmoded and lacking common gense, he said, and the legal profes- gion should lead a fight for revision of laws that deprive people of their rights. He cited specific instances of statutes that badly need revision-- statutes under which the courts have to act. In some circumstances, for example;intentional killing could be a non-capital murder, while un- itentional killing, committed during a robbery when killing was the last thought in the offender's mind, could be a capital murder. Mr. Justice McRuer thinks that a legal research program in Ontario should take advantage of a great source of untapped ability in its law professors and should include supreme and county court judges as well as barristers' representatives. He deserves praise for this pre- sentation of a case that demands attention. This and other news- papers have repeatedly drawn at- tention to inequities in many of our statutes. The lawyers are clearly the best-equipped to lead the fight to eliminate these inequities -- to "purify" the law. Colorful Tale Of Money The development of money to its 'present form in Canada has been 'a varied and colorful process. The 'story is told in the current issue 'of the commercial letter of the -€anadian Imperial Bank of Com- *merce. * The first settlers found that . wampum, beads made from the 'inner whorls of certain shells, was "used by the Indians both as an "Srticle of adornment and a means "of exchange. It lost its value when searly traders began exchanging 'manufactured goods -- including "beads -- for furs. The beaver pelt "Became an accepted medium of ex- 'change over a wide area, and later *the Hudson's Bay Company issued 'a brass token -- called the Made 'Beaver -- that was equal in value 'to the prime belt of a beaver. When the fur-trading monopolies : ended in the 17th century, the Ghe Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor The Oshowa Times combining The Oshowa Times lished 1871) and the Whitby Gazette and icle (established 1863) is published daily » eomare and statutory holidays | excepted). Dai Publish- C ity Association. The Canadian Foal Audit Bureou "Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dollies jation. The Canadian Press is exclusively itied to hts use of republication of all' news . the paper credited to it or to The Press or. Reuters, and also the local ( ows eras Mh therein, All rights of special des- » Rgtches are also reserved, ices: Thomson Building, 425 University ¥ UP tap Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Pitkering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince * Albert, Mople Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, * Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskilien, * Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, * Columbus, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglan, Blackstock. ester, Pontypool! and Newcastle, not over "4 per week By mail (in Province of Ontario) , outside sv aghiec anivery areas 12.00 per year. Other nh Gountries 15.00, |, USA, end yo 24.00, Ajax, colonists needed a convenient mone- tary unit. They adopted gold and silver, the currency of France, but there was not enough of this cur- rency in circulation in the New World to satisfy the needs of trade, and at one time wheat at current market prices was made legal tender. The Spanish silver dollar was used in trade between the French and New England in the late 1600s. Anothr name for it was a piece of eight, since it was often cut into halves, quarters and eighths for small change; a one-eighth portion was known as a bit, so that a quar- ter was two bits". After the cession of Canada to the British, the Spanish dollar con- tinued to be widely used. English, French, Portuguese, American and Mexican coins were also used. The merchants of Lower Canada began to issue an informal paper currency in the form of due bills called "bons", short for "bon pour', or "good for'. The first Canadian bank note is said to have been issued by the Canadian Banking Company, which was established as a private bank of deposit in Montreal in 1792. Several banks were incorporated between 1820 and 1830 and each issued its own notes, For currency purposes, the Cana- dian decimal system dates from 1858. Standardization of currency in all provinces came about with Con- federation. The dollar derived its name from coins in Germany and Austria called thalers. It was called a daalder in Holland and dalers in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. ai hh DU YIN ig My} Wy Vy fy Vy SS 'YOU SURE YOU NEED THREE HELPINGS?' REPORT FROM U.K. Chancellor Eyes Betting Revenue By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent For The Oshawa Times LONDON -- There are certain clear signs in his next budget, to be brought down in April, Reginald Maudling, Chancellor of. the Exchequer, 'intends to come down heavily on betting in the way of taxation of those phases of gambling which are not already taxed. Mr. Maud- ling certainly favors the prin- ciple of drawing more money into the treasury from the hitherto untaxed sections of bet- ting and gambling. His reasons for this are both social and financial. He is faced with the certainty that more money will be required for the extension of Britain's welfare State benefits, and the increas- ed costs of defence as a result of the Nassau agrement with President Kennedy are sure to be heavy, so it is natural that he should look with a covetous eye on the nearly three billion dollars which go into various forms of betting and gambling each year. AMOUNT GROWING The Central Office of Infor- mation has estimated that in 1961, over $2.3 billion was the amount of the turnover on vari- ous types of gambling. The 1962 figures are not available as yet, but they are expected to be in the neighborhood of three billion dollars. One of the sore points with certain sections of the public is that only two forms of betting are now taxed. The treasury YOUR HEALTH Risk Of Strokes Can Be Reduced By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, MD Dear Dr. Molner: Can a doc- tor prevent strokes? What causes them? If a person over 60 loses co-ordination of one arm momentarily, does this mean a slight stroke? Or could something else cause it?--Mrs, D.L. Let's put it this way: The risk of strokes can be reduced, but there's no way of preventing them to the degree that, for ex- ample, smallpox, lockjaw or dip- theria can be prevented by in- oculation, A stroke is a disruption of the circulation of blood in the brain; a thrombus (clot) blocks circu- lation, or a hemorrhage occurs. Either is a stroke, or as many technical people prefer to call it, a "CVA," for "'cardio-vascu- lar accident." Generally speaking, there are three main causes: Hardening of the arteries, which involves thickening of the artery walls and hence a reduced space through which the blood flows; high blood pressure; weakness of the walls of the blood vessels. As an instance of this last, I recall a 9-year-old girl who was born with a weak spot that rup- tured. She was, at that early age, the victim of a stroke. In her case, because the tissues were supple, surgeons were able to repair the damage. Later in life the blood vessels, like the rest of our tissues, become more brittle, and surgery such as was done on the little girl is imprac- tical and usually impossible. Hence we cannot depend on such surgical treatment except in very rare circumstances--al- though, in view of the achieve- ments of recent years, I wonder what marvels may appear in years to come. Anyway, controlling high blood pressure is the principal means we have now for com- bating strokes, and it is an ef- fective aid. Vigorous research is in progress on the problem of hardening of the arteries, but the picture is not yet as clear as, I trust it will be in the fu- ture. A person known to have fra- gile or otherwise impaired. ar- teries would do well to avoid excessive exertion. So, at present, the measures to fend off strokes are mainly in the realm of the way you live --eat, work and rest--rather than something your doctor can do for you. As to momentary loss of co- ordination such as you mention, I suppose it could be the result of a "'little stroke," but there are too many other possible ex- planations to justify. jumping to such a conclusion. If a paralysis follows, then a stroke is the likeliest answer, . but if this does not happen, then I assume that some other factor was the more probable cause. Dear Dr. Molner: I am 15 and have the problem of nail-biting. Once in awhile I let a few finger nails grow long and within a week I bite them down to the quick. What causes this and what can I do to stop?--P.D. It's a nervous habit that makes your fingers look ter- rible. First, make up your mind to stop doing it. After that, keep your fingernails trimmed short --with scissors or clippers, but not with your teeth. But it's up to you. takes one third of all the money that is invested in the weekly football pools. It puts a 10 per cent tax on all the money which is bet on the "tote" at grey- hound racing tracks. This leaves a large field wide open for new taxation to be im- posed by the Chancellor. There is, as yet, no tax on horse race betting, bingo clubs, chemin-de- fer establishments, which were legalized in 1961, and fixed-odds betting on football results. These activities could yield in taxation a sum far in excess of the $120,000,000 a year which the government collects from the football pools and the grey- hound racing tracks. There are sound fiscal rea- sons for taxing the fixed odds betting on football results, be- cause this type of betting. is gaining in popularity at the ex- pense of the already-taxed foot- ball pools. With thousands of betting shops now operating in Britain, it would become a com- paratively easy matter to levy a tax on all horse race betting, and collect it through these shops. That the expectation of new taxes on betting and gamb- ling is no mere wild guess is seen in the fact that a meeting has been held between book- makers and high customs and excise officials to discuss ways in which betting taxes could be extended and collected if the Chancellor should decide to do 80. It is generally understood that the bookmakers, quite natural- ly, told the government officials that it would be unfair and im- practicable to widen the scope of the betting taxes. That would be their logical reaction, as while they could make their clients pay the tax on their bets, the bookmakers and betting shop proprietors would have to make the tax returns and transfer the money to the treas- ury, and that might involve a good deal extra labor. Ministers of the government are not likely. to have any moral scruples about increas- ing betting taxation if Mr. Maudling puts forward such a proposal. The principle of tax- ing the gamblers has been ac- cepted by successive govern- ments. And there is a strong body of public opinion which would give solid support to the means of bringing more much- needed revenue to the treasury, particularly if it means in or social welfare bene- ts. BY-GONE DAYS. 20 YEARS AGO R. Norman Grainger, former- ly of Oshawa, was assigned to special duties with the Royal Canadian Ordnance Corps at Ottawa. A total of 15,722 applicants registered for employment at the Oshawa Selective Service during 1942, Of those, 10,846 were placed in war industries. At the annual meeting of Sim- coe Street United Church a suc- cessful year was reported with an active membership of 971. S. F. Everson retired from the board after serving many years. William Reesor, reeve of Pick- ering Township, was elected Warden of the County of Ontario. Students and staff of the OCVI were given a day's holi- day while repairs were being made to the heating system. Two medals donated by the Catholic Women's League and the Separate School Board were awarded to Laura Laplanie and Marilyn Finlay for highest en- trance standing in 1942. Members of Lebanon Lodge No. 139, were hosts to district lodge officials and representa. tives of the Oshawa Public Utili- ties Commission with RM Wor. Bro. W. J. Sargant as chairman. A film on the power, conservation plan was shown Oshawa Public Library add. ed 1,479 readers in 1943 to bring the total to 12,885. Oshawa Air Cadet Squadron 151 had a membership of 70 cadets. The officers were: Squadron Officer Commanding, FO P. H. Jobb; Adjutant and Second in Command, PO J. Harry Rigg; Medical Officer, FO Dr. F. George Pim and Equipment Officer, PO Keith Gahan. Whitby Board of Education paid tribute to Dr. C. F. Mc. Gillivray after serving as secre- tary-treasurer of the board for 34 years. He celebrated his 85th birthday on December 26. City Council named the fol. lowing reappointments for 1943: Public Library, G. V. Purdy; Board of Park Management, C, R. Bailes and Elmer Dixon; Town Planning Commission, T. K. Creighton, KC; Housing Commission, John Harris and A. W. Griffiths. A. C. Love was re-elected secretary-treasurer of the Osh- awa Separate School Board for his 2ist consecutive. year. Sound Part Of History, Record Collector Says By ALAN WALKER LONDON (CP) -- A _ loud hiss almost stifled the piano's tinkle. "Johannes Brahms, recorded in 1889," * patrick Saul said proudly. Then he produced music from a Tibetan temple, the German Communist playwright Bertolt 'Brecht singing Mack The Knife and the sarcastic tones of George Bernard Shaw. Overflowing from the British Institute of Recorded Sound are fascinating recordings ranging from the noise of an army of ants eating dinner to proceed- ings in the Ontario legislature. Saul, secretary of the insti- tute, was in a particularly good mood as he revived the voices of long-dead men. The British jovernment recently granted £10,000 for his 1963 opera- tions and even more for the two following years, After long ne- gotiations he has obtained per- mission to record high - fre- quency BBC broadcasts, Things were not always so bright. For seven years Saul worked almost alone desper- ately trying to organize a na tional archive of sound. ACCEPTANCE GROWS "People are only now getting around to the idea that sound is worth keeping,' 'Saul said in an interview, "I shudder when I think of what has been destroyed just because nobody thought it would be valuable. We've been trying. to ventilate the public's sense of values--to get records on a par with books." Not ail the institute's collec- tion is as bizarre as its recent acquisitions of Icelandic and Amazonian folk music. The voices of famoys men--states- men such as Churchill, Khrush- chev, de Gaulle and Roosevelt --make up about one-sixth of the records. There are a great many early recordings of music performed or conducted by the composers. These are valuable to musicians seeking, if not the definitive per- formance, at least the one the composer preferred. The institute's collection started in 1955 with 15,000 rec- ords from the central music library and from private do- nors, Now about 1,000 records are added every month. Some record companies let Saul pick what he wants for nothing from their newest re- leases. MUST CHOOSE "We have to select," Saul said sadly, PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM A four-day work week would divide the people into two classes, to wit: The bored, and the misbehaving. A reliable method of birth control may be needed, but not nearly so much as a reliable method of controlling people al- ready born. "We take all the serious music and speech and a few popular things. But I don't even like to turn down a_ teen-age dance record. Even though it might not have esthetic value, a future student of music might need that record some day." Eventually Saul would like to work o2 roughly the same prin- ciple as the British museum, which acquires a copy of every new publication. The institute relies on donors ~for its early records. Cylinder recordings are rare and Saul says he badly needs early jazz. The Brahms--which * the in- stitute's oldest record--arrived in an unusual manner, The ori- ginal cylinder recording was destroyed in Berlin during the Second World War but a Jew- ish refugee had 1: "> a dise reproduction of it and this is what the institute now has. Recordings don't take up much room and Saul is thankful he hasn't the space problem of book archives. The ae 000 recordings now in . tute are squeezed into got prisingly little space in the temperature - controlled base- ment of the little © the British museum. "Now that money is available, Saul has hired a handful of helpers but é atmogeing still is behind schedul Stacked in 'ni room were two crates of cylinders 'from Cambridge University. Saul ad- mitted he didn't know what was in them "We'll catch up eventually," he said, "but right now the im- portant thing is the rescue op- eration to save old records."' Besides offering faciilties for visitors to hear the rare record- Ings, the institute arranges re- citals and lectures, usually ac- companied with records, It has a large library of old record catalogues for reference, Saul, now a middle-aged maa, started collecting records when a schoolboy. He couldn't stop. Finally he turned his main in- -- into a fulltime occupa- on. "Now I'm married to it," he said. "The hours are long. I'm never home, it seems. t I love it all." OTTAWA REPORT Freedom Of City For Diefenbaker By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA -- After Feb, 25, John Diefenbaker will be able to walk through the streets. of the City of London without fear of being seized by the press gang and bundled off to serve as a seaman in the British Navy. That is one of the historic privileges enjoyed by a Free- man of the City of London, which Prime Minister Diefen- baker will become on that date. The granting of the Honorary Freedom of the City of London is_one of the most treasured and most rare honors which can be conferred upon any _ person. There are only 19 recipients of this distinction alive today. These include the Queen and the former King Edward VIII and three other members of the Royal Family; three British prime ministers, Churchill, At- tlee and Macmillan; four Com- monwealth prime ministers: Canada's St. Laurent, India's Nehru and Australia's Menzies and Bruce; six British war lead- ers, including Monty and our former Governor General, Eart Alexander; and Ike, who was thus honored as the Supreme Allied wartime commander, be- fore he was elected president of the U.S ANCIENT COURT Decisions to confer the free- dom as an honor are made by the Court of Common Council, which is the lower or elected chamber of the municipal gov- ernment of the ancient City of London. It is conferred as a mark of distinction for excep- tional services to Britain, or to the Commonwealth, or to the world in general. The significance of this free- dom stretch back into history. QUEEN'S PARK Effort To Define Party Difference By DON O'HEARN TORONTO -- Opposition Leader John Wintermeyer has tried to assess the difference be- tween the Progressive Conserva tives and the Liberal party. Liberalism, he said, tends to attract those who are discon- tented, who are dissatisfied and uneasy in some respect with the status quo, and who want to move ahead, take new initia. tives, and meet new challenges. Essentially, he says, it is a party of "reform." On the other hand the PCs tend to attract those who are wary of change, who are rela- tively more satisfied with the status quo, and who, if they want to move ahead, do so slowly and with due regard for entrenched positions. AGAINST PROGRESS? Some PCs will argue rabidly against such an assessment. They would argue that it makes them appear reactionary and backward. The Liberal leader, however, did not say this. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Jan, 22, 1963... Nearly 1,000 Americans were killed in action or massacred by the Indian al- lies of the British at the Battle of Frenchtown 150 years ago today--in 1813. Four days previously the British garrison at French- town, 26 miles south of De- troit, were driven out by American forces during the War of 1812. Col. Henry Proctor gathered forces for a counter-attack which de- feated the Americans and took General James Win- chester prisoner. The Brit- ish losses were 24 killed and 150 wounded. 1901 -- Queen Victoria died. 1924. -- Ramsay MacDon- ald became prime minister of Britain. He specifically noted he wasn't accusing the party of be- ing against progress. All par- ties, of course, were for pro- gress. But there was a difference in emphasis--and timing and mo- mentum, And the observer would say that, in broad terms, Mr. Win. termeyer was close to the truth as the parties actually operate. There are a number of excep- tions on each side of the fence. Hon. Robert Macaulay, for in. stance, would hardly fit in with his PC definition. And he has supporters on his own benches who would be loser to his typical PC than to "reform" Liberalism (John Chappell of Fort William). But on general lines it's quite a good assessment of the two parties. ROBARTS AGREE? On the PC side Premier Ro. barts is one who probably would not disagree with it too much. Mr. Robarts has been speak- ing recently on party philos. ophy, and it would appear that he is quite in favor of--and proud of--small "c'"' conserva- tism. He would seem to believe in being sure before you leap--in fact in not leaping if you can make your way across. the stream by stepping from stone to stone. Against this the Liberals--if true Liberals--would take the leap (And perhaps get their an- kles wet) if they knew it was BROADLOOM, DRAPES, TILE, PAINT AND WALLPAPER London was described by the Roman writer Tacitus as long ago as the year 61 A.D. as "a busy emporium for trade and traders." Its unique government --it is the only British city which has two legislative iar bers--dates back to the days of the Roman occupation of Brit- ain, and was confirmed by charter of King William in the year 1075. It has always been the heart of the economy of England. Companies whose headquarters are in the City to- day account for one-sixth of all the profits recorded by Britain's world - wide trade and com- merce, But that original "city" has been swamped by the sprawl of surrounding suburbia over the past 2,000 years, so today the tiny area of just 677 acres which makes up The City i home to only 5,324 residents. But over 500,000 executives and clerks make their way into that ancient tiny city every working day, to jobs in those profitable businesses. GROWTH OF LIBERTY The history of liberty in me- dieval England reflected the struggle of numerous corporate groups, such as the guilds of artisans and the livery compa- nies of merchants in London, to win freedom from extemal con- trol. Traditionally any British subject has been eligible to ob- tain the status of a freeman of the City o don. This was obtained whenever possible as a valued economic privilege. It was obtained through serving apprenticeship to a freeman, by birth as the child of a freeman, or by paying high fees. It was an essential prerequisite to the right to trade within the city limits, and it conferred im- munity from paying toll at mar- Ss. any Britons today obtain the status: of Freemen of the City through membership of a City Livery Company or. Guild. Tt is a great honor to be elected, and to be permitted to pay the fees in lieu of servitude as an apprentice. But to be elected for the honor as Prime Minister Diefen- baker has been elected, is a rare distinction indeed. He will join a small select company of only 19 other honorary Freemen when he is thus recognized for his "exceptional services to the Commonwealth." With one local phone call you can reserve a room imme- diately in any Hilton hotel. STAY HILTON In Oshawa ASK OPERATOR FOR ZENITH 6-5400 FOR INSTANT RESERVATIONS or information on Sales and Group Meetings in all HILTON-STATLER HOTELS HILTON INNS HILTON HOTELS ABROAD