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The 86 King St. E., Oshawa Gunes Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited Oshawa, Ontario T. L, Wilson, Publisher MONDAY, JANUARY 7, 1963 -- PAGE 6 Canada Has Its Heroes; They're Not A sprightly debate on the ach- fevements of Daniel Boone is going on in the United States, and it will probably attract more attention in Canada than would a similar argu- ment over, let us say, Simon Fraser or Samuel Hearne, simply because names like Daniel Boone and Davey Crockett are much more familiar to Canadians than names like Fraser and Hearne. It would be easy to say that the Canadian character does not breed hero-worship, but we do not think it would be true. There have been athletic heroes -- witness the adu- lation lavished on Rocket Richard. Provinces have a tendency to re- cognize their regional heroes, parti- cularly in Eastern Canada; names like Howe and McGee still have authority in the Maritimes, while Quebec, with reason, continues to pay homage to such great names as Cartier and Champlain. It is not so much the Canadian character as the Canadian school system which has failed to give Recognized recognition to the often fantastie achievements of men and women who have contributed to the history of this country. How many school children know about Hearne's ex- cursions from Fort Churchill to Coppermine on the Arctic Ocean, or Mackenzie's travels through the Northwest? And how many teachers of Canadian history have read Hearne's journals? Yet the feats of such men were far more remark- abl than those of Boone or Crockett. There is another reason for the obscurity of the Canadian pioneers. They were not bragging men, and they did not have literary friends to act as their press agents, as many of the Americans -- Boone and Earp, for example -- did. They recorded their findings in journals and letters, but indulged in no soar- ing flights of imagination. They wrote simply about what they did and what they saw. But let us make no mistake: they were of the stuff that makes heroes, and it's high time we gave them warmer recog- nition. Moon And The Weather The belief that the moon influ- ences weather is an old one, going back to the beginning of recorded time and probably before that. It has been a blend of superstition and shrewd observation -- and the observation is now being supported by scientific data. The science correspondent of the London Sunday Times writes about the work being done by D. A. Brad- ley and M. A. Woodbury of New York's University College of En- gineering, and G. W. Brier, a mete- orologist at the Massachusetts Ins- titute of Technology, who have been analyzing weather data from 1,544 weather stations on the North American continent--data collected over a period of 50 years, starting in 1900. They have found that on this continent the wettest day -- in those areas that have any sort of precipitation -- is most likely to occur near the middle of the first or third week of the lunar cycle, Comparison Canada is not included in a study made in Sweden of what-the average factory worker's pay represents in terms of consumer goods. The study covers five countries--Sweden, the United States, the Soviet Union, West Germany and Finland. Fifteen types of consumer goods were con- sidered, including food, clothing, some household appliances and a passenger car. Commentator C. J. Harris adds Canada to the com- parative figures by equating the output and living standards of Canadian workers as being equal to 70 per cent of the U.S. average. As might be expected, the Soviet worker pays most in terms of work for everything on the list. With the exception of sugar, where the Swedish worker has the advantage, the U.S. worker pays the least. The Finnish and West German workers are better off than their Russian counterparts, but not as well off as the Swedes, and the Canadian does quite well. The study was based on recent department store prices for com- The Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher Cc. GWYN KINSEY, Editor Oshewa Times combining The Oshawa Timea eiteeited 1871) and the Whitby Gazette and ronicie (established pies is -- daily Sunde tatut: hol ys excepted) . Ks eet Ga nadia Daily Spop --, tion, The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau ot Cheuotion ond the Ontario Provincial Dalhes Association. The Canadian Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republication of all news in the paper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the locel news published therein. Al! rights of special des patches cre also. reserved. Offices: Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Teronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES carriers in , Whitby, Ajax, gente Gucnanele. Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchmon's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Crono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Cloremont, Columbus, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglan, Blackstock, Manchester, Pontypool ond Newcastle, not over 45c per week By mail (in one ot Rgyivelne riers delivery areas 12.00 per year, ul outside cor rn jee Der is00, USA. end foreign 24.00. that is, two or three days after the new moon and after the full moon, The least likelihood of a really wet day occurs two or three days before the new moon or full moon. Their results seem to be con- firmed by the studies of the link between the moon and rainfall car- ried out by two Anzac scientists. E. G. Bowen and E. E. Addersley analyzed the rainfall records of 50 weather stations in New Zealand, and again they found that most of the rainy days occurred a few days after a new moon or full moon. The results are given in the Amer- ican periodical, Science. These findings would indicate that farmers who believe that the planting of certain crops should be guided-by the phases of the moon are not moonstruck at all but the heirs to an ancient wisdom. Seeds that need moisture quickly for ger- mination clearly should be planted at the time when moisture in the form of rain is most likely to reach the seeds, and vice versa. Of Wages modities of equal value. For a pair of shoes the U.S. worker works three hours and 20 minutes, the Canadian four hours and a half, the Swede eight hours, and the Russian 75 hours. For a 100-pound bag of potatoes the U.S. worker works two hours and a quarter, the Canadian three hours and 20 minutes, the Swede about a quarter of an hour longer than the Cana- dian, and the Russian 11 hours and 20 minutes. For a one-pound loaf of bread the U.S. worker works five min- utes, the Swede and the Canadian about six minutes and the Russian over seven minutes. For a pound of beef, presumably hamburg steak, the U.S. worker works 15 minutes, the Canadian 20 minutes, the Swede about 27 minutes, and the Russian about two hours and a quarter. To pay for a man's watch the U.S. worker works just over seven hours, and the Canadian just over 10 hours; the Swede works 22 hours to buy one, but the Rus- sian works over 60 hours for his, For a man's suit the U.S. worker works nearly 16 hours, the Cana- dian just over 22 hours, the Swede nearly 30 hours, and the Russian 100 hours. For a sewing machine the comparison is 26 hours of work for the U.S. man., nearly 40 hours for the Camadian, nearly 160 hours for the Swede and 225 hours for the Russian. For a television set the U.S. worker works 66 hours and the Canadian 100 hours, while the Swede works 150 hours and the Russian 700 hours. Finally, to buy a new car the U.S. worker puts in 775 hours on his job, the Canadian 1,090 hours, the Swede 1,330 hours -- but for the Russian worker the price of a car is the equivalent of 6,300 hours of employment, REPORT FROM U.K. Shipyards Finding Costs Big Burden By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent to For The Oshawa Times EDINBURGH, Scotland Scotland has for generations been the home of the world's greatest shipbuilders. From the shipbuilding yards of this little country have come the great ocean liners like the Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth, great battleships, and, in more modern days, huge tankers, Yet today, as one talks to peo- ple up here in Scotland, one of the chief topics of conversation relates to the dire straits to which the. shipbuilding indus- try in Scotland has been reduc. ed and the reasons why the stocks in the great shipyards are empty because of lack of orders for new ships, Here in Edinburgh, which has shipyards not far away at Leith and Inverkeithing, I have been hearing a factual story which throws some light on why orders are lacking in the ship- yards of Scotland and also the north of England. It is a story of how a small cargo ship was towed 400 miles from the heart YOUR HEALTH Various Reasons For Bloat Feeling By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, MD Dear Dr. Molner: What is wrong when my stomach looks and feels bloated, like full of gas? It makes me very un- comfortable after eating a nor- mal meal, I have had this trouble for years.--E.H, A frequent question--and I can give you many answers, the problem being to kiow which may apply to you. First: A very common cause is air swallowing, done quite unconsciously. This is more likely among older peo- ple, or rapid eaters. Such suf- ferers often can belch at will, or even without realizing they are doing it. Second: There may be real gas formation (rather than air) due to some stomach dis- order. This sometimes is chronic stomach inflammation. Or there may be delay in the emptying of food from the stomach into the small intest- ine, so the normal fermenta- tion occurs too high, The scar of an old ulcer can sometimes interfere with prompt empty- ing. .Spasm of the stomach outlet can do so, too. This gen- eral cause of bloating is more commo; in high-strung, nerv- ous people. Third: Allergy to certain foods can give the sensation of bloating and "gassiness." If you have the trouble irregu- larly, keeping a "food diary" every day may help you pick out such foods afterward. Fourth: Gall bladder dis- ease (stone, infection, or just sluggish action) is a common possibility in older people. Fifth: The trouble may be TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS 'Jan, 7, 193... The people of the newly- formed United States of America voted for a pres- ident for the first time 174 years ago today--in 1789. George Washington, who had led the people to vic- tory in the War of Independ- ence and helped get the con- situation ratified, was unan- imously elected president. He was inaugurated April 30 that year at New York, He was re-elected in 1792 but later refused to consider a third term, He died Dec. 14, 1799. 1859 -- Canadian silver coin was first- issued and used. 1914 -- The first steam- ship passed through the Pa- gama canal . in the lower intestinal tract, possibly a lack of adequate di- gestive juices, especially those required for digesting fats and starches. Sixth: Constipation can be an important factor. Seventh: Some types of heart trouble can produce similar symptoms, but your doctor, in such a case, would find other signs, too. From these clues you can see that some are things for which you can help yourself, while others require medical aid. Here are a few tips on foods that some people have found to be upsetting, You'll note that they are all perfectly good for most of us, but some individuals find them upset- ting. These include onions, cu- cumbers (including pickles), the radish family of vege- tables, and even lettuce. Cof- fee upsets some people. And others have found that cooked fruits or vegetables are more easily tolerated than raw ones, So if in observing your own eating habits you find one or several foods that cause trou- ble when eaten raw, test them in cooked form. of Britain's shipbuilding indus- try to Holland for repairs -- be- cause the British yards priced themselves out of the job, and could not complete it in the time taken to do it im Holland. WENT ON ROCKS The ship in question is the Dutch motor vessel Nieuwland, which is now back in service again on a regular run between Rotherham and the East Coast of England. The Nieuwland, owned by the Shipping and Coal Company, ran aground on. the treacherous Inchkeith Rocks, in the Firth of Forth, She was 'out into the dry dock at Leith for examination and it was found that the damage was consider- able. It seemed like a job made to order for one of Britain's contract - starved ship repair yards. The ship's owners asked for quotations, One British firm un- dertook to do the repairs in 17 days at a cost of $34,890. A Scottish yard offered a price of $30,000 but later reduced it to $26,250 with 18 days to complete the job. A firm in Newcastle quoted $22,800 and 18 days for the work. DUTCH BIDS They could not complete with the Dutch bids. Two Dutch yards tendered. One made a bid of $22,600 and guaranteed to finish the work in 13 working days. Another made a bid of $19,000 with a time limit of 10. work- ing days for the job. So the Dutch yards were the success- ful bidders. The managing director of the owning firm, N. Van der Vorn, said: "Prices quoted and the time required in Scotland were far out. It was cheaper including the towing charge, to send the ship back to Rotterdam to have the repairs done there." Naturally, the question arises of how and why the Dutch yards can underbid Scottish yards in price and complete re- pairs in a much shorter period. Captain G, Buyze, a Dutchman, master of the ship, gave the answer when his ship was in port here on one of its voyages. "One of the reasons is prob- ably because in Holland our shipyards are prepared to work 24 hours a day, seven days a week, if called upon to do so." And this makes us wonder what would happen if the var- jous shipyard unions in Britain were called upon to work on such a schedule in order to en- able their employers. to secure contracts. BY-GONE DAYS 15 YEARS AGO Several small industries had located in Oshawa during the past 12 to 18 months. Chamber officials toured the Sklar Furni- ture Company plant to view the program that was made by the firm in one year. Year-end figures showed building permits issued during 1947 in the city were valued at $1,263,520. General Motors Oshawa plant produced approximately 68,000 cars and trucks during 1947--an all-time high for a single year. T. D. Thomas was elected reeve of East Whitby Township by acclamation. The new Courtice United Church was dedicated by Rev. H. €. Linstead, former pastor of the church. The first anniversary of Col- lege Hill Sunday School was held with a special service con- ducted by Frank Danzey, super- intendent. Mrs. Frank Branton was in- stalled Worthy Mistress of Oak- leigh Lodge, Loyal Orange Benevolent Association to suc- ceed the retiring Worthy Mis- tress, Mrs. Matthew Love. Community rinks at Con- naught, Bathe and Kinsmen Parks were officially opened. Robert Lee, G. H. Hardsand and A. E. Henning were ap- pointed managers respectively by the Community Recreation Association. East Whitby Township elec- tion returns gave William E, Noble the deputy-reeveship in the contest against Edgar L. Glover N. C. Fraser, KC, Elmer Powell and Norman Down were elected council members. Beef, bacon and pork prices rose from five to 12 cents a pound in the local stores. Eggs remained unchanged at 58 cents 'a dozen. Neil Felt captured . Oshawa Skeet and Gun Club's cham- pionship at the closing tourna- ment of the 1947 season, The Novice trophy went to Grant Morrison. Increases in the price of gaso- line and fuel oil' were an- nounced across Canada. The boost brought the price of grade one gasoline in Oshawa to 404 cents and 17 cents for fuel Censorship Still Big Information Obstacle By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS How much censorship exists in the world today? What gains or losses were made in the last year in the never-ending ef- fort to keep people informed of what goes on? Every year at this period The Associated 'Press asks its cor- respondents around the world to report on current conditions. A compilation of their reports shows a few feeble gains made by the cause of freedom of in- formation in 1962 were offset by setbacks elsewhere. Censorship still places form- idable obstacles in the way of he flow of news, both within countries and across interna. tional borders, The most widespread sort of censorship is a withholding of information at the source, This often involves a lack of access to news sources, especially pub- lic officials. In the United States, com- plaints were heard in 1962 of "management of news."" These were applied especially to offi- cials who "leaked" information or parcelled it out in a manner presumed to suit government objectives. However, the U.S, press like that of such countries as Brit- ain, Canada and Australia re- mained free because it could print whatever news it could obtain. Here are the findings of A correspondents: ' COMMUNIST COUNTRIES There was some _ improve- , ment in the over-all situation in the Soviet Union. Foreign agen- cies were granted leased tele- printer lines for sending and re- ceiving news reports. Officially, censorship on foreign newspa- per men ended in 1961, but enormous obstacles remain at the sources. For foreign corres- pondents, there were no press conferences by government or press department officials on any topic of general news. Pho- tographs are still subject to cen. sorship, though few are stopped. Radio and television men have great difficulty exporting tape recordings and. undeveloped film. Moscow expelled one U.S. cor- respondent during the year. Re- cently several American, French and British correspond- ents were reprimanded, These procedures are designed to re- strain reporters. Communist China has no di- rect censorship on foreign cor- respondents stationed there. Correspondents are controlled because their movements are restricted and a threat of expul- sion hangs over them. All Communist nations exer- ' cised indirect but effective cen- sorship over foreign correspond- ents while wholly controlling their own domestic press. Yugoslavia has no direct cen- sorship on foreign or domestic reporters, but the domestic press must follow the party line. Foreign correspondents can file from Yugoslavia without inter- ference. Sources of news are difficult to approach. DLE EAST Censorship flourishes in the Middle East with oriental splen. dor. Press controls range from Egypt's total rigidity to indirect pressures in Lebanon. Censor- ship at cablehead is applied di- rectly or furtively in Iraq, Jor. dan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Le. banon, Libya, The Sudan and Kuwait. Tran's censorship reached a new peak of intensity in 1962, Police and publication depart- ment agents occupied desks next to newspaper editors, checking all materials including advertisements, There was no official censorship on the for- eign press in Iran, except for withholding of information at -- the source. Turkey has no direct censor- ship, but has a tough press law which can send a Turkish re- porter to jail for publishing ma- terial forbidden by the govern- ment, Both Turkish and foreign reporters have difficulty getting the news at the source. Israel retains rules requiring foreign correspondents to show copy to the censor before filing. NON - COMMUNIST EUROPE France has no overt censor- ship but it exists at the source of news. Governmental news of importance rarely is made available unless President de Gaulle gives the word. News of French nuclear weapons devel. opment cannot be transmitted without official sanction. Spain liberalized censorship in 1962, Items formerly forbid. den, including news of strikes and terrorist activity, can be published now. Indications are that newspapers are told what they may and may not publish, though censorship on a day-to- day basis has been considerably eased. Outgoing news is free of censorship except that encoun. tered at the sources. Portugal strictly censors all OTTAWA REPORT Canada To Probe Chemical Danger By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--Three months ago another book was published from the admired pen of a highly regarded woman author in the U.S. Today that book stands at the top of "'best seller" lists, has been selected as & book club choice, and has been offered in a special cheap edi- tion to the 2,500,000 readers in the U.S, and elsewhere of "Con- sumer Reports." Thus Silent Spring, by the well-known nature-writer Rachel Carson, has precipitated a full- dress battle between the multi- million dollar pesticide industry, and organizations dedicated to protecting mankind against ac- cidental poisoning, in the U.S. The theme of Miss Carson's book is the danger to both man- kind and wildlife which results from the indiscriminate use of commercial pesticides. There was little that was novel in the book, but here for the first time the complete picture was set out for the lay reader. CANADA MOVES FAST Alert to the danger, our own Minister of National Health, Hon. J. W. (Monte) Monteith, has moved with commendable decision and effect to protect Canadians against this newly- revealed threat. In setting up a special committee of the House of Commons last month, Mr. Monteith specially charged it "to consider and report upon the dangers arising from contami- nation of food by the use of chemicals to kill weeds, insects and other pests." The chairman of this commit- tee will be R. M. T. (Bobby) McDonald, the 31-year-old Con- servative MP from Hamilton, Bobby used to star on the foot- ball gridiron, as a member of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats team. But polio crippled the brilliant young footballer, and today he is one of the most liked and most effective members of the House of Commons--ever-pres- ent, active, and constructive in a manner which puts to shame other graduates from the ranks of professional athletics some- times seen here, I asked Bobby McDonald jist how his committee might tackle its important tasks in this field. COMPANY 728-9581 BROADLOOM, DRAPES, TILE, PAINT AND WALLPAPER we "As an example, we want to find out, if a cow on the prai- ries eats grass which has been sprayed with grasshopper exter- minator, might that- harm a child in Toronto who drinks its milk in powdered form?" Bobby replied. Witnesses will be called before this committee. Scientific evi- dence will on the one hand stress that pesticides play a valuable role, while on the other asserting that these poisonous chemicals should not be used indiscriminately by persons un- alerted to their dangers. INFORMATION SERVICE In the background will lurk such spectres as the warning given on behalf of the Ameri- can Meat Institute, that one day meat-packers might be forced (9 reject millions of tons of meat contaminated by the toxic resi- dues of pesticides, thus "ruining thousands of farmers in the U.S. and disrupting the nation's meat supply from coast to coast." The committee will serve an invaluable purpose by bringing out into the open both sides of this question, and alerting all Canadians to the situation. Agriculturalists have ex- pressed worry about the pos- sible disturbance of the balance of nature by our artificial inters vention. All of us might ponder the less serious lessons to be learned from the gcowing vol- ume of chemicals in our daily e,. Remember when the water supply in Prince Albert was contaminated from a chemical industry in another province? Remember more recentty how millions of dollars of damage were caused in Chicago by a glut of bubbling detergents in the sewage system, which backed up through toilers in the homes? Remember even those glowing red apples sold on street corners in the great de- pression, which derived their rosy appeal from an arsenic spray making them dangerous to eat? Bobby McDonald's committee may educate us to be wiser in our use of these valuable but dangerous poisons. news media. Censorship at the source is fairly general. ; Greece has no as euch. Greece's only domestic news agency is owned and con. trolled by the government, but The Associated Press circulates its news freely and files freely from Greece. West Germany prohibits only Communist publications, In other West European na- tions there is no censorship or interference except what might exist at the sources, : NON-COMMUNIST ASIA For India, Red China's attack brought reinstatement of a cen- sorship rule book written in British be days. There was press "advice" rather than open censorship, Stories sent abroad from New Delhi were not af- fected. Those from army head. quarters were censored by the military, sometimes severely. Often the press was impeded by limited access to news and forced to depend upon official 'statements. In Pakistan, self-censorship remained more restrictive than any direct government action. Martial law restrictions on the press are gone and comment is a bit freer, but controls remain. Ceylon was on the verge of government action to control leading newspapers, but nothing definite was done in 1962. Nepal established a> press agency, banned others from dis- tributing news in the country, but placed no restrictions on outgoing news. Afghanistan's press remained completely controlled. On Formosa, Nationall China has no official censorship, but there never is criticism of Chiang Kai-shek's regime. For. eign correspondents are uncen- sored. South Korea has no formal censorship but newspapers are under restraints and self-censor- ship. Foreign reporters operated without restrictions in 1962. Southeast Asia's situation var. ied from: that of Indonesia, where the national news agency has been ordered never to be objective, to Malaya and Singa. por, where tools of censorship exist but are not used. The South Viet Nam govern- ment appeared to regard the foreign and domestic press as weapons in the battle against Communist guerrillas. It ended the practice of holding up con- troversial cables but flow of government information de- creased steadily. In Cambodia, the local press is under close royal palace scrutiny, but foreign corres- pondents send stories without censorship. Hong Kong exercises no direct censorship, but there is indirect control of news at the source, There is no censorship in Australia, New Zealand, The Philippines or Japan. AFRICA Algeria and Tunisia in North Africa have no direct censor- ship on outgoing dispatches, but there are varying degrees of threats and pressures. Tunisia's government chan- nels information through its own agency, controls outgoing cables and is immediately in- formed of dispatches not in line with government policy. Corres- pondents are threatened with expulsion. Algeria permits free filing, though telephones are tapped and cables are controlled by the government. Pressure is placed on resident newspaper men, who often are threatned with swift expulsion. Morocco does not censor for- eign correspondents but they must be careful if they want to remain in the country. The Congo: There is no cen- sorship of outgoing news. South Africa has no official censorship, but developments in 1962 limited freedom of expres- sion. The justice ministry sup- pressed the Cape Town leftist weekly New Age as communis. tic and dangerous to the state. An opposition press, chiefly English - language, vigorously criticizes the government. Otherwise, apart from Presi- dent Kwame Nkrumah's Ghana and the Portuguese possessions of Angola and Mozambique, the press of east and West Africa generally. remained free of on- erous restrictions. Al Ghana newspapers and the radio are government - controlled. For- eign correspondents are de. ported for offending the govern- ment. Cuba was the year's outstand- ing example of news restriction in Latin America. The domestic press is controlled by the gov- ernment. There is no official censorship on outgoing material, but there is interference with transmission of news, arbitrary and often capricious challenges, deletions or distortions, Access to sources is difficult and the threat of expulsion hangs over foreign reporters. 22. PILES Don't let sore, itching, yor le the CHIN: » MMAKE AT HOME IN 63 YOUR BIG YEAR! FINISH HIGH SCHOOL SPARE TIME If you are 17 or over and have dropped out of school write for FREE Lesson and FREE Booklet. Tells how, AMERICAN SCHOOL, Dept. eronto, Ontario. Send me your free 55-page High School Booklet. Serer eee Al ie oe 0-17, 100 Dundes St. Des- . AGE