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26 THE OSHAWA TIMES, WEDNESDAT, AUGUST 2, Ives | TV Becomes Ally Of NS. T By BRUCE LEVETT Canadian Press Staff Writer Television, often denounced by educationists for its psycho- logical effects on the youthful mind, becomes an ally of teach- ers in Nova Scotia this fall. That province, like others in Canada, is suffering a teacher shortage--especially in the tech- nical departments. It has en- listed the aid ofthe CBC to make up for the lack. Canada has been short of teachers since the Second World War. The post-war bumper crop of babies now has reached high school age and thats where the shortage is felt the hardest. The Canadian Press, in a CrossCanada Survey of the teacher shortage, found that the elementary grades were gener- ally fully staffed and in some cases there. weer surpluses. In the secondary grades, how- ever, the picture was generally one of shortage of or staffs in-| cluding some not-fully-qualified teachers RURAL AREAS SHORT The metropolitan areas were better off than the rural areas. Ontario fared better than any other part of the country. Nova Scotias' answer has been to spread out the teach- ing talents of its specialists by television. Starting this fall, most of the Grade 11 students in the province will be taught such specialized subjects as mathematics, physics and oth- ers, by television. The broadcasts will origina from the CBHT-TV studios in Halifax, dealing with subjects to supplement the regular course of study. Each class will have its regular teacher standing by to answer questions. The only Grade 11 students who will not have the programs available will be those out of range of the various television stations and satellites--an esti- mated 10 per cent. Others who might miss out will be in areas where the individual school boards decide against the pro- ject. GAINS IN NFLD. The situation by provinces: Philip Hanley, deputy educa- tion minister in Newfoundlard, says the situatio nis "'very much} improved" but that a shortage| of fully trained teachers exists| for bot helementary and second-| Ary schools. This. year, 600] Grade 11 students will be given a six-week course and: sent out to teach for a year. However, five years ago there was one eachers foundland schools are staffer with fully trained teachers. Prince Edward Island report: Mm elementary-greee veacners iext fall. But secondary school: ire likely to continue to exper- ence a slight shortage. : Says A. H. McKague, assist- ant superintendent of secondary sducation: "We have to carry 1 certain number of teachers on etters of permission, but the vast majority are well on their way to degrees." No surplus of econdary teachers is expected 'or. 'three or four years." Says C. L. Woodruff, assistant super- intenaent or veacner eaucation: "I think we're out of the woods now in elementary education. Now we can concentrate on quality." Manitoba is one province where the shortage of second- ary school teachers was seen as an acute and continuing prob- lem. The Manitoba Teachers Society blamed the situation on the fact that a greater percent- age of students are continuing on to high school now than was I~S GSC CV ew te rase mve years ago. R. R. Robertson of the education de- partment agrees. "Five years ago there were enough teachers for the provinces high schools. But with the present: trend to high school education, the situa- tion is reversed. Better salaries are bringing more to the pro- fession, but they are usually at- tracted eo the _ elementary level.' In addition, the depart- ment is idering di the teacher training course to Be Ry, A two years an®--starting this fall ---the teacher. training college will not admit candidate with- out full Grade 12 credits. Dr. Cecil Collins, director of teacher training for Saskatche- wan, said the general pattern held for his province also. He also said that technical aid pro- grams in foreign countries have taken many of Saskatchewan's top secondary specialists, espec- ially in the vocational fields. The government is attempting vv y¥.¥ to counter by offering 15 $2,000 scholarship sto teachers for a year's training at a vocational school. It is also attemptiag to work out a training program with neighboring Alberta. Alberta sees the prospect of a surplus of well-trained teach- ers--but not for four or five years. Dr. F. C. T. Clarke, ex- ecutive secretary of the Alberta Teachers Association, says in- creased interest has been roused in the profession through better salaries and better minimum qualifications. The qne-year cer- tificate course has been elimin- ated and the requirement now is a minimum of two years uni- versity training. Dr. Clarkes association considers a fully: trained teacher one with a uni- versity degree. Alberta, he sayo, sists on a two-year university course as the minimum. Stanley Evans, secretary ot the British Columbia Teachers Federation, says the genera! pattera holds good in the coast province. However, the istuation is expected to stabilize soon. In the past, the education depart- ment lowered the entrance standards to bring more per- sons into the profession. Effec- tive next month, teachers must have three full years training. Starting this fall, the federation will classify teachers as profes- sionals if they have a degree-- or with 25 years 'experience if they have no university degree. no shortage in the tary grades, The education depart- ment says the greatest lack is in science teachers for high schools. The situation is better than it was five years ago but is still two or three years away from being resolved. Permit teachers have been weeded out and new teachers are better qualified academically. How- ever,lathough admission stand- ards to teacher-training institu- tions have been raised, depart- ment officials say the training itself is not wholly satisfactory. NEED SPECIALISTS Willis M. Hall, supervisor of research for the Nova Scotia education department, says the teacher shortage is greatly im- proved, but "there is a contin- juing shortage of specialist teach- fers at the high school level.') |He said the province has 'a' |good summer school program |where teachers can improve} |their qualifications and we hope} to obtain more specialists from) \these schools." The province lalso has trouble finding quali- |fied teachers with the leader- jship qualities necessary to make principals. | In New Brunswick, Dr. F, E.| MacDiarmid, the deputy minis-| |ter, says the shortage extends] {through elementary and second- lary schools.and is felt hardest in| jthe northern counties. "We| jcould use 300 more. At present] about 250 are under-trained,"' he said. Starting this year, New Brunswick Teachers College students must take a two-year course instead of the previous) one year with two years op-} | tional. vs | UEBEC SHORTAGE | | Both Protestant and Roman |Catholic school officials in ue-) jbec say the greatest problem) }comes in the secondary schools. |The Provincial Association of Catholic (English speaking) | Teachers was the only group! |which saw the shortage "more| jmarked in elementary schools.' The French-speaking Catholic! schools felt the shortage most| acutely in secondary grades, be-| cause all boys' classes must be taught by male instructors, | Rene Montpetit, director of public relations in. the uebec department of youth, says: | 'In the Catholic schools a def-| icit of 4,000 teache rs was) marked in 1959. This deficit is) and will be following an in-| creasing curve until 1963-64, 4intrained teacher for each one trained. "This percentage is go-| ing down all the time. ' Mr. Hanley predicts it will be four) or five years before all New- when the shortage will be 4,600. | Thereafter, this figure will de- crease." The Ontario education depart-| ment expects a "slight surplus" House Law Clerk Studies Jap Law = By FRANCOISE COTE OTTAWA (CP)--Maurice Ol livier, law clerk of the House of Commons, is spending a sort of busman's holiday. between the end of the old Parliament and the opening of the new on Sept. 27. He is studying the Japanese constitution. Constitutional reform is a cur. fent issue in Japan, as in Can- ada, and a delegation of Japa- mese jurists on a tour of sev- eral Western countries paid a recent visit to Mr. Ollivier. Internationally recognized as an authority on constitutional law, the 66-year-old Quebec City native has also had occasion in the course of a long legal career to make detailed studies of the constitutions of Australia, Au- Stria, Britain and the United States. The Canadian constitution is, , of course, his specialty and he has long advocated that the power to amend it rest in Can- ada, not Britain. Some 25 years ago he wrote that "our constitution, British ay must become Canadian ae? DIVISION OF BNA In one of several works that he has written on the Canadian constitution, he proposed that the articles of the British North America Act--the written part of Canada's constitution--be di- vided into five major categories based on different amending procedures. The five are as follows: .1. Articles that have become obsolete and should be abro- gated; 2. Articles that can be modi- fied without consulting the prov- inces; 3. Articles that should be amended only with the consent of a majority of the provinces; 4 Articles that can be amended with the consent of only one province; and 5. Articles that need the con-| sent of all provinces in order to be changed, such as those) dealing with the rights of min- orities. Mr. Ollivier's, passion: for writing and the study of law could be considered a family trait. His father, the late N, N. O1-| livier, was a law professor at| Laval University and also| served as member. for Levis in} the Quebec legislative assem-| bly. His son Paul is director of| the civil. law section of the aot eral justice department. One of his two sisters, Mrs.| Leon Mergjer-Gouin, is a Mon- treal dramatist. | Mr. Ollivier attended Laval's law school after getting a clas- sical education. at the Petit Seminaire in Quebec City, His) student days weren't all de-| voted to study, however. He founded a student periodical) called "Le Chanteclerc" and was a better - than - average) hockey player. | He graduated from law school) in 1920 and, after private prac-| tice in Montreal, became law) clerk of the House of Commons! in 1925. | LAPOINTE's AIDE He was at the side of the late) Ernest Lapointe, then justice! minister, at a london conference in 1929 that laid some of the of Westminister -- the statute' that in 1931 made the British dominions legally autonomous! states. : | | Two years later, at the Uni-| jversity of Montreal, he sub-| ;mitted a doctoral dissertation) on the Statute of Westminster) that is still being used in Ca.| nadian law schools. | In 1935 he published two other| works on constitutional prob- lems, Le Canada, Pays $ouve- rain? (Canada, a Sovereign |Country?), and L'Avenir Con-| jstitutionnel du Canada (Can-) ada's Constitutional Future). | His consistent theme was that/ the Canadian constitution needs| to be modified and this should) be possible without recourse to| ithe British Parliament. | | He outlined his five-category | | Plan for constitutional amend.| ment when he appeared before| a parliamentary committee on| constitutional reform May 21, 135. | _This plan was on the agenda 115 es later when the St. Lau- |ren government convened a jfederal - provincial conference on the constitutiof. SOVEREIGNTY STUDY | In 1945 Mr. Ollivier published a work in English entitled Prob- from the BNA Act to the Sta- tute of Westminister, | The next year he was a legal adviser to the Canadian dele- gation at the Paris conference which drafted péace treaties with Italy, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Finland. When Parliament is in session Mr. Ollivier is immersed in the! daily task of drafting and study-| ing 'the legislative program, in-! cluding both government and| private members' bills. He also holds the chair of| Constitutional law at the Univer.| Sity of Ottawa and is the uni-| versity's only lay professor of! cannon law, the law of the Ro-| man Catholic Chyych, | legal groundwork for the Statute) i i (} ty is I | f Lie pags EATON August Fur Sale FUR JACKETS Much Below Usual Price LIMITED QUANTITIES ONLY ! If you have been considering buying a fur jacket soon, don't wait .. . buy it now at EATON'S. Not just one style, but all the fashion-fresh cuts, the important detailing that you would want. The furs are opulent, good-quailty pelts, deftly handled to make the most of their lustrous beauty. The results are beautiful . . , fur jackets that you'll be proud to wear, pleased to buy at such a very low price! Natural Grey Persian Brown (dyed) Persian Muskrat. 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