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me - al ak ned a eR Be Re oe a The Oshawa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher SATURDAY, AUGUST 18, 1962-- PAGE 6 Delay In Results Puts Focus On Examinations Grade XIII results were even later than usual this year, and there have been the usual and justified com- plaints. The students who have writs, ten the Grade XIII examinations must make important decisions, and these cannot be made intelligently until the results of the examinations are known. And for two months, it seems, the students must stew in uncertainty because of the delay in publication of the results. The examiners face a massive task. This year in Ontario 33,000 students wrote 193,000 papers, and apparently some hitches developed, particularly in the marking of the English composition papers. Contri- puting to the delay was a shortage of markers; it seems that a fee of $28 a day is not considered induce- ment enough for some teachers to forego their summer vacation or study plans to do this work. Well, let's see now: $28 a day comes to $140 for a five-day week -- not a puny supple- ment to an annual salary, and one that would be welcomed by quite a number of people. But if it takes a higher fee to speed up the results, then the fee must be raised, at least until better methods of examination are devised, Much swifter results could be ob- tained if more multiple-choice ques< tions were used in the examinaticns, but to move in this direction, we be- lieve, would be dangerous. The imul- tiple-choice questions are not ade- quate tests of either knowledge or ability to think they call for much more skill in phrasing than is gen- erally shown by examiners, and fre- quently the supposed correct answers ean be challenged. This method of testing is an expedient, but one that must be used sparingly and cau- tiously. The criticism of the delay in Grade XIII results should be a spur not only to swifter handling of the examina- tion papers but also to investigation of better methods of examination. The essay-type answer is still better than the multiple-choice, but it, too, has many drawbacks. Litter-Bug Invasion Ontario has provided its motor travellers with convenient and at- tractive roadside picnic areas, each equipped with tables and at least one garbage can. The travellers show their appreciation by their constant use of these facilities -- and by scattering garbage everywhere except in the large and prominent cans that are never more than a few steps from the tables. What kind of people are these litter-bugs? Do they scatter tissues, candy wrappers and bits of sandwich around their own homes? Are they happy to live their lives in filth? Do they toss empty cigarette packages and soft drink bottles out of their windows at home as they do out of their cars on the highways? Are they so conscious of the ugliness of their own dirty little lives that they feel impelled to spoil beauty and quiet for others? ' The Ottawa Journal the other day recalled philosopher C. E. M. Joad's remark about the "untutored towns- man's invasion of the countryside," and suggested that "it's time the meek joined together to save the woods and the lakes from what Mr. Russell Kirk has called the 'depre- dators from the city'." There are depredators, indeed, but meekness will not save the woods and the lakes and the highways from the garbage tossers. Something sterner than a turning of the cheek is needed. We suggest an all-out campaign at the start of every vacation season, It would run for two or three weeks in, say, June, and would consist of a police drive against litter-bugs. And the penalties for littering would be extended to include a compulsory clean-up of a specified stretch of road by offenders. The sight of convicted litterers picking up every scrap of paper, every bit of glass along a highway, the shoulders and ditches would be an object lesson to all other travellers. Ministers Assistants The elevation of Richard Bell to the federal cabinet after service as parliamentary secretary to the minis- ter of finance draws attention to the use of the parliamentary secretary's job as the middle ground between the back benches and the front row seats of the House. A parliamentary secretary has several functions. One is to help his minister with many of the more routine tasks of office. Another is to - gpeak for the minister in the Com- mons when the minister is absent -- which means close bonds of trust and understanding between the two, be- cause by tradition a minister is res- ponsible for anything his assistant says. The appointments are entirely the prerogative of the prime minister. There is no statutory requirement that he appoint any secretaries, and those who are appointed are named 'for one year, with the probability of reappointment at the end of the term. They provide a useful opportunity for a prime minister to provide a sort of semi-cabinet representation for areas The Oshawa Cimes T. L. WILSON, Publisher C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor The Oshawa Times combini: The Oshawo Times established 1871) and the itby Gazette ond Syonicle (established cre is -- daily Sundays and statutory idays excepted). ; Menbers ot Canadion Daily Newspaper Publishers Association. The Canadion Press, Audit Bureau of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Asso- ion. The Canadion Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news despatched in the poper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein. Ali rights of special despatches ore aiso reserved. Offices: Thomson Bullding, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, F.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshowa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchmon's Bay, Taunton Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskilien, 'Leskard, Brougham Burketon, Claremont, Columbus, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglan, Blackstock, Manchester Pontypool ond Newcastle, not over 45¢ week. By mail (in Province of tario) outride riers delivery oreas 12.00 per year Other Provinces Commonweaith Countries 15.00 USA, ane ond Foreign 24.00, per cor of the country which do not have any ministers among their MPs. Originally, parliamentary assistants were considered a wartime necessity. The first two were named by Sir Robert Borden during the First World War to relieve pressure on the minis- ters of munitions and external] affairs, and were not paid anything extra. The idea was dropped after the war, and was not revived until the Second World War. The first four to be ap- pointed by Prime Minister Mackenzie King were Lionel Chevrier as as- sistant to C. D. Howe, minister of munitions and supply; Douglas Ab- bott as assistant to J. L. Ilsley, minis- ter of finance; W. C. Macdonald to defence and Cyrus Macmillan of Queens, P.E.I., as aide to the minister of defence for air. Others were named later by Mr. King, among them Paul Martin, but the total was limited to 10 and each one was voted an addi- tional $4,000 a year on top of the normal MP's indemnity. Prime Minis- ter St. Laurent allowed the practice to lapse, and it was not fully revived until Mr. Diefenbaker took office, Other Editors' Views FADED FOLK TALES Chicago Tribune And there was the man avidly watching the ping-pong game. He became so intrigued-that his mouth was wide open, when suddenly a ball popped into his mouth and forthwith he swallowed it. He went to his doc- tor, who said that the only solution was to.operate, but said that it would be a very simple operation using a local anesthetic. After the seventh incision, he said to the doctor:" I thought this was going to be very simple." The doctor replied: "Well, that's the way _the ball bounces." "THAT PC MARGIN WHITTLED DOWN TOA "TOOTHPICK BATTER UP! WHAT OTHERS ARE SAYING Folk Festival Success But Could Be Nuisance ORILLIA PACKET - TIMES: The Mariposa Folk Festival of last weekend was an enormous success. It drew thousands of visitors to town, brought wel- come dollars to restaurant, hotel and motel operators, and received widespread and favor- able publicity across the nation. Orillia should stop now while it is ahead of the game; on no account should the promoters of this festival be permitted to hold it here again. This conclusion is not as para. doxical as it might seem. For the festival was attended almost exclusively by young people and, of éourse, the guitar twanging, the beards, the pseudo '"'folk culture" are merely the peg upon which to hang a weekend of fun and high spirits with other girls and boys. Most of the youngsters attending the festival are nice young people, but they are naturally inclined to kick up their heels a bit, and, as always in a crowd: of this size, there is a fringe of hooligans who cut up a bit rougher. And as any. one who saw the crowds cavort- ing around town last weekend could see, the elements are all there for converting this "folk festival" into a riotous night- mare of the kind that blacken- ed Fort Lauderdale's Caster or Newport's Jazz Festival. Next year, there will be more hooli- gans than ever, attracted by all the publicity; the young peo- ple will be carried away by the tradition of mob clowning al- ready established by two pre- vious events. There will be fights, there will be vandal- ism, there will be drunken orgies and riots which will make the name of Orillia stink in the nostrils of responsible people. And what tourist seek- ing a quiet weekend for his family, what cottager looking for a summer home, will want to come within miles of a town where teen-aged folkniks are whooping it up? ST. CATHARINES STAN- DARD: Thousamds of alumi- num coins will be presented to visitors at the Canadian Na- tional Exhibition this year. They will be given out to com- memorate the 1962 exhibition and to advertise the town of Ajax as an ideal location for industry. Resembling real money, the Ajax coin features a warrior's helmet on the front, with the words "The Town of Ajax, On- tario, Canada -- Canadian Na- tional Exhibition." The back has a picture of a factory with the words "Planned for Indus- try and Living -- CNE--1962." This is not the first time that the Ajax Industrial Commission has used its imagination in boosting the municipality. KITCHENER - WATERLOO RECORD: An observer at the 3lst Couching conference on international affairs, which this year concentrated on "the new Europe", made a comparison which contains a lesson and a warning to Canadians. The observer, Peter barats, had this to say: "Beside Europeans, most Canadian politicians and admin- istrators seemed tired and jaded, old and faded. It was only too evident that North Americans, Canadians in partic- ular, have become the arch-con- servatives of the Western world. While Europeans have evolved new trade patterns, economic policies and manage- ment - labor relations since the end of the Second Worid War, Canadians have continu- ed to poke about in ancient battlefields among discarded and outmoded versions of free enterprise and socialism." Des- WELLAND TRIBUNE: Is the era of small business coming to an end? Some gloomy prophets are talking that way but that is not the view held by the writer of the Royal Bank of Canada Monthly Letter. An examination of small business in the country indicates that reports of its de- mise have been greatly exag- gerated. In many sectors of our economy, small factories and small businesses hold a_pre- ferred and stable position, the Letter reports. Small business is an impor- tant element in Canada's econ- omy, characteristic of the dem- ocratic way of life in which a man is free to make a choice and achieve security through his own efforts. The federal government has recognized not only the value of small business but the necessity that it should increase and pros- per through special funds from which businessmen can bo-row to increase the value of their property, hence their value to the community. PETERBOROUGH EXAMIN- ER: If the Canadian economy is to have a rate of growth suf- ficient to rescue it from budget- ary deficits, a runaway dollar, an outflow of capital and an adverse balance of payments, the government, Dominion and provincial, must undertake both self-discipline and discipline of the productive and consuming arms of the economy. Tlie great drawback is that, at a. time when we most need direction, we have an irresolute and un- tutored House of Commons. HAMILTON SPECTATOR: About 3,500 persons have ap- plied to join a Londoner's island "paradise" 70 miles northeast of Australia as a means of escap- ing from the threat of an H- bomb war. Only 140 of them will be selected by the island's own- er to join this "utopia". Of course it will be just their luck to find when they get there that one of the major powers has selected the area as the site of the biggest nuclear bumb test of them all. WINDSOR STAR: In Ontario the rules of the road apply to drivers of farm tractors just the same as to drivers of motor cars. A slow moving tractor is sup- posed to move to the side to allow faster moving cars to pass. And, if a road has a wide shoulder the tractor is expected to move along the shoulder. Tractors are always a subject of some pretty hot conversation as motorists try to get around them on the highways. In fact, some motorists find their blood pressure going away, away up. YOUR HEALTH Polyp Is Growth In Organ Lining By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, M.D. Dear Dr. Molner: Someday when you run out of subject matter, would you write about rectal polyps?--S. M. H. Run out of subject matter, sir? Impossible! With the vast number of health questions peo- ple have, my problem is an- swering them. A polyp is a small growth arising out of the mucus lining of an organ--any organ with such a lining. Polyps, for exam- ple, are quite common in the nose. Rectal polyps can occur in any part of the colon. They may give no symptoms whatever, or on the other hand, they may ulcerate and cause bleeding. There is a_ possibility that uicy may become cancerous. Not all of them do, by any means, but enough risk is known so that they should be removed whenever found--I'm talking about polyps in the colon, not those in the nose which do not seem to have a tendency toward malignancy at all. Removal of polyps, particu- larly in the lower part, is suf- ficiently simple so that it incurs no risk and permits examina- tion of the tissue to be certain that it is benign. Discovery of such polyps, be- fore they cause any symptoms, is readily possible with the sig- moidoscope, an instrument fit- ted with a slender tube and light permitting direct exami- nation of the interior of the colon. In my opinion, this should be part of a complete physical ex- amination. It is excellent insur- ance against the nuisance and worry of ulceration and bieed- ing, not to mention the possible ultimate risk of malignancy. Some cancer authorities, in fact, insist positively and with- out qualification, that all such polyps should be remeved as soon as discovered. As to polyps higher in the rc | colon, beyond range of the sig- moidoscope, detection has to be by means of barium enema and x-ray. In this instance, manage- ment of the case is more com- plicated and depends on symp- toms and the clinical judgment of the physician, However, if we pay sensible heed to the lower polyps which are in easy range, we can feel that we have devoted reason- able care in taking care of our- selves, Dear Dr. Molner: This last winter and spring I had flu re- peatedly, one case after an- other, and I feel completely worn out and discouraged, yet my physical checkup indicates that I am in good condition. borg flu shots help?--MRS. Yes and no. You can't expect flu shots (a vaccine) to lift you out of the doldrums after an at- tack. The shots are a preventive measure, noi curative. Remember there are various strains of flu virus, and it is thus possible to have one attack after another. Flu vaccines are prepared in conjunction with government studies so that each year the vaccines protect against the strains most likely to appear at that time. They cannot promise 100 per cent protection against all var- ieties, but if you avoid some substantial portion of the known ype you have accomplished a ot. Remember that these vac- cines confer immunity only for a matter of months; new shots are required for the next year. Dear Dr. Molner: I broke my thigh bone in 1954. All went well until a few months ago. Now I get muscle spasms which last an hour or more. Could the pin be causing this, since it is no longer needed in the bone which has knit?--MRS,. K. A. L. I doubt it--but something else seems to have gone wrong. Con- sult your doctor, UNITED KINGDOM OPINION Prime Ministers Meet Just Academic Exercise By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent For The Oshawa Times LONDON -- The Common- wealth Prime Ministers' Confer- ence, due to open in London on Sept. 10, will be an interesting academic debating exercise, but nothing more. It will, however, be a very useful exercise, much more so than if Britain had al- ready reached an agreement with the Common Market Six on terms and conditions of entry into that group. One of the fears of Common- wealth countries, as I have heard them voiced here, has been that before the Prime Min- isters' Conference, the terms of Britain's entry into the Common Market would be signed, sealed and delivered and that.the con- ference would have been pre- sented with a "fait accompli'. That is no longer possible. The rock on which the nego- tiations have foundered tempor- arily-is the very question which the conference has been called together to discuss. That' ques- tion, and it is vital to Canada, Australia and New Zealand, is the extent to which temperate foodstuffs from these countries will enjoy a preference in the Common Market and in Britain when this country becomes a member. Decision on this has been deferred until October, if it is reached then. OPEN DISCUSSION The fact that the position of these Commonwealth countries is still under negotiation and dis- cussion is what will make the Prime Ministers' Conference a very useful exercise. There will be full opportunity for all the participants to present the view- points of their countries, and their suggestions before the next round of negotiations begins, If this can be approached by them in a constructive manner, then the discussion can be very help- ful to the British government in reaching a decision on what will have to be maintained and what can safely be surrendered. Britain's refusal to hurry into the Common Market at any cost, and her insistence on securing the future of Commonwealth trade, will be regarded as en- couraging by the other Com- monwealth governments. Their spokesmen at the conference will not feel that they are bang- ing their heads against a stone wall, as they would have done if a complete agreement had been negotiated before they met, STRAINED RELATIONS One result of the breakdown in the Common Market negotia- tions has been to make relations between France and Britain even more strained than they have been. The insistence of BY-GONE DAYS 40 YEARS AGO George Wilson, an employee of the Reformer Printing Com- pany, was. seized by a severe cramp while swimming on the west side of the Oshawa dock. While his brother, Thomas Wil- son, swam out to assist him, a companion threw a life pre- server and the swimmer was brought safely to shore. Oshawa area Bell Telephone employees held their annual * picnic at Lakeview Park. The Oshawa Town, Council Fuel Committee purchased 400 cords of hardwood to be held as a reserve in the threatened fuel shortage facing Oshawa. The Forestry Department of Ontario purchased 175 acres of land near Orono. Meredeth Lin- ton was named as superinten- dent in charge of the lands which were to be used as a nursery for reforestration pur- poses, Miss Gladys Westaway, Lloyd street, returned from a_ six weeks' tour of France, Belgium, England and Scotland, TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Aug. 18, 1962... Canada and the United States reached formal agreement on joint construc- tion of the St. Lawrence Seaway eight years ago to- day. The seaway -- com- pleted five years later in 1959--converted 6,600 miles of Great Lakes shoreline into another seacoast acces- sible to ocean vessels. 1833--The Royal William, a Quebec - built steamer-- crossed the Atlantic. 1945 -- The United States government ended the war- time highway speed limit of 35 miles. an hour: PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM "How would you like to be the first man to land on Mars?" asks a scientist. We'd like it about as well as we'd like a hole in the head -- not a large hole understand, but a small to me- dium-sized_ hole. Probably a few people have been moved to build fallout shel- ters, not primarily for protec- tion against fallout, but because of the possibility they might have a legitimate excuse to kill off some neighbors. France that Britain accept in full the import levy regulations of the Common Market was more than the British negotia- tors could swallow. These regu- lations would provide for an im- port levy to be paid on all agri- cultural products imported from agricultural countries, with the proceeds going into a central fund to compensate Common Market farmers for loss of mar- kets and income. The greatest beneficiaries of this fund, to which the British people would contribute heavily through higher prices for food, would be the farmers of France, who have their eyes fixed on a greater market in Britain at the expense of Commonwealth coun- ries. It is reassuring to find that Britain is not prepared to ac- cept these regulations as they now stand. ECONOMY IN DEFENCE . Peter Thorneycroft,, the new minister of defence, has always been economy-minded. A few years ago, he resigned from the cabinet rather than, as chancel- lor of the exchequer, sanction higher government _expendi- tures. He was brought back into the cabinet a year ago because it was felt that his strong con- victions against extravagance in public spending were very much needed then. In his new post as minister of defence, Mr. Thorneycroft is running true to form. As a first priority, he is focussing his at- tention on making a cut of some $300 million in the defence bud- get. To do so, he has thrown out of the window the defence estimates which had been pre- pared by his predecessor in of- fice, Harold Watkinson, and is making a fresh start, As a start, he is making a_ ruthless re- duction in the huge expenditures Britain's nuclear missile de- fences. SOME OBJECTIONS While Mr. Thorneycroft could certainly save money in this way, his plans have met with a certain amount of strong criti- cism. It is charged that the United Kingdom is' sacrificing its own independent deterrents and accepting the United States government's view that it should have as near as possible a monopoly of nuclear weapons among the Western powers. This would be one effect of Mr. Thorneycroft's proposal to abandon Britain's own missile program, and to replace her own missiles with their Ameri- can counterparts. But apart from this, Britain intends to stand on her own feet and run her own defence show without dictation from any source. Mr: Thorneycroft has embarked on a bold course. It will come 'under strong attack when the Commons re-assembles in Oc- tober. But he is not the man to shirk a task he has undertaken simply because he is attacked. He is quite capable of taking care of himself in a Commons debate on his defence policies. FORD'S STRONG STAND When 150 workers go on strike in an automobile plant, and put some 6,000 others out of work, against the express orders of their union leaders, it is time for industrial management to hit back. That is exactly what the management of the Ford Motor Car Co:npany did when such a situation developed at its Dagen- ham plant. It told the 150 work- ers who went on strike at the behest of a Communist shop steward that if they did not re- turn to work on a specified date, they would all be dismissed, On the day fixed, the men were all back at work. The strike was over. The factory stewards' con- vener, Communist Kevin Hal- pin, did his best to persuade the 150 men to stay out. But he could not. counteract the influ- ence of the men's wives who, short of money after the holi- days, had been pressing their men to go back rather than risk being fired. When Halpin called a meeting to discuss the company's warn- ing, only 11 strikers showed up. When they learned the rest of the 150 were back at work, they abandoned the meeting and walked in to start work. As they did so, one striker grumbled: "We literally threw away a week's wages for nothing except to earn the enmity of thousands of other men thrown out of work," READERS' VIEWS Children's Fund Lauded As Efficient, Effective Dear Sir: In your editorial in Monday's Times entitled, "Help for Im- poverished", you make what you describe as a statement of harsh truth: "A substantial amount of the billions of dollars and pounds poured into impov- erished nations has been wasted because of the corruption in those places," This statement, while it may be true in a gen- eral way,, can be very dam. aging if readers are given to un- derstand that it applies equally to all programs of aid to all less-fortunate countries in the world, You close with the paragraph, "Of course we must help the impoverished nations. But it's time they also showed some in- clination to help themselves."" Believing wholeheartedly as I do in the efficiency and effec- tiveness of the program of UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, I. feel com- pelled to point out that here is one assistance program which was designed from the very be- ginning to help countries to help themselves. UNICEF depends upon volun- tary donations from govern- ments but has also received in- creasing donations from pri- vate individuals, among whom are thousands of Canadian and American children who express concern for less fortunate chil- dren in the world by sharing with them their Hallowe'en bounty. For their sakes, I would appreciate it if you would print the following excerpt from a pamphlet entitled, ""UNICEF, What it is, What it does, How it Works": "The needs of children have Stirred the conscience of many nations. Recognition that the child today becomes the citizen of tomorrow has made child aid projects an important line of future defence -- an essential in planning for economic security. UNICEF, with technical guid- ance from WHO and FAO, makes planning practical and realization attainable. "Governments study their child health needs and present plans to UNICEF's 30-nation Executive Board. Sometimes UNICEF helps governments map the plans. These self-help plans call for contribution from UNICEF of essentials not avail- able inside the country -- usu- ally medicines, technical equip- ment, jeeps, midwife kits, train- ing aids and milk powder. UNI- CEF also provides help to train essential workers. The country agrees to contribute at least an equal value of materials and facilities which it does have, Often a government contributes four or five times. UNICEF's donation. The average is two- and-a-half to one. Matching in- sures that a project is firmly rooted in a country as a basic responsibility of its government which will continue the program after international aid ceases. "As an integral part of the United Nations, UNICEF op- erates without: regard to race, creed or politics. Because of the results it achieves with its partners, an increasing number of governments have made do- nations to its budget, which 1s subscribed wholly voluntarily. Now some 90 nations contribute annually, many of which also pledge substantial sums for UNICEF projects within their borders. Collectively, private donations and the sale of greet- ing cards also aid literally mil- lions of children. "National committees have been formed for the Children's Fund in a number of countries and they are working to make UNICEF's assistance to chil- dren broader and more effec- tive. International non-govern- mental organizations have given UNICEF valuable help through thousands of national affiliates. All co-operate to work for UNICEF's single objective: 'The Child of Today for the World of Tomorrow'." i From all I have learned about UNICEF, I am convinced that this program should not be in- cluded in your "harsh 'state ment of truth'. The thirty- nation Executive Board keeps a very watchful eye on the de- velopment of each program as- sisted by the United Nations Children's Fund through the UNICEF field workers who oversee every phase of every program. UNICEF assistance is not charity, which can be and often is resented and misused. It is the hand of those in more for- tunate circumstances reaching out to assist those who are "'in- clined to help themselves."* That is why this Crusade for Children -- by Children benefits the giver as well as the receiver, MRS. D. K. STILES, Oshawa Chairman, Ont. Committee UNICEF. 135 SIMCOE ST. NORTH @ RESIDENT PARTNERS Gordon W. Riehl, C.A., R.LA, Burt R. Waters, C.A. Hon. J. W. Monteith, F.C.A., M.P, Gordon W. Riehl, C.A., R.LA, Robert W. Lightfoot, C.A, a Monteith, Monteith, Riehl & Co. Chartered Accountants PARTNERS: George E. Tretheway, C.A, OSHAWA, ONTARIO @ TELEPHONE: Oshawa-Bowmanville 728-7527 Ajox WH -2-0890 Whitby MO 8-4131 A. Brock Monteith, B. Comm., CA, Burt R. Waters, C.A,