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6 THE OSHAWA TIMES, Thursdey, Merch 22, 1962 STEEL 'MUSCLE MACHINE' Scientists at the U.S. Steel Research Centre in Pennsyl- vania test steel on a "muscle" machine. With steel making up two-thirds of a typical car, such research helps assure more value to the motorist by increased re- liability and durability of the car. 'Tnechanism That Makes Autos Work By FRAN TROESCH There was a time when the Lord and Master of the house- hold was the most likely occu- pant of the driver's seat when the Family Car left the garage. That was back in the days be- fore World War Two and the two-car family! Nowadays the chauffeur-chef- ehoregirl - club member-mother puts on more mileage than any dad except a traveling sales- man. That being the case, it might be helpful to know what makes the car function as it does. The engine operates on power produced when the proper pro- portion of air and gasoline -- mixed in the carburetor -- en- ters the cylinders and is set to burning by electricity from the spark plugs. The _ curburetor gets the gasoline from the fuel tank via the fuel pump, and air enters from the air cleaner. IT TAKES A SPARK The spark plugs get their electricity from the battery. Within the cylinder the piston pushes down, compressing the | air-gas mixture: add a spark ef electricity and whammo, the engine begins to purr like a kitten. Now, if you want to back the ear out of the drive, you have to disengage the clutch, either manually or automatically. With the clutch disengaged, the gear- shift tells the system of gears called the transmission whether you want to stand still, go forward, or reverse. The trans- mission is connected to the drive shaft which goes back to the rear axle, except in Amer- fca's one rear-engine car, of course. In the rear axle a sys- tem of gears allows the rear wheels to engage. SOMETHING NEW You could still turn the wheel and engage the gears, but go nowhere if you had no generator (or something new called an alternator) and no battery. The generator is driv- en by the engine and feeds back power to the battery to keep it charged so the car will getart. The generator also sup- plies power to the ignition sys- tem, lights, radio, and other electrical units. Even if the generator and battery are in top-notch condi- tion, there are two other im- portant requirements for smooth operation of your car -- eooling and lubrication. Water is circulated past the cylinders to cool them and the heated water goes to the radiator where it is cooled by the out- side air passing through. ene We eee we ENGINEERS' DREAM Stainless steel is the automo- bile engineers' dream metal be- cause of its lasting beauty, un- rivaled strength, resistance to By WILLIAM NICHOLAS Director of Engineering, Airtex Products . The increasing public use to- day of automobiles in this space age requires increased quality awareness and quality improve- ment on the part of manufac- turers of automobiles and com- ponent parts suppliers. A few of these requirements are the long, extending turn- pike driving (endurance), in- creased engine horsepower (ac- celeration}, introduction of ex- otic high test fuels (response), air conditioning (comfort), and higher operating cooling system temperatures (engine efficien- cy), and decreasing the num- ber of lubrication periods (econ- omy). All of these require in- creased quality of production on the part of_the manufacturer. These quality improvements would not be possis:e-- without major contributions to the most basic material to all compon- ents. I am referring here to the new space age technology ap- plied to the metallurgy and pro- duction of literally hundreds of types of steels to enable the corrosion and easy workability. design engineer to select the exact type of steel to suit the application. In this respect, the engineer can select not only more econ- omical steel than heretofore, but steels that can insure the high quality wearing character- istics necessary for endurance requirements of the modern au- tomobile. PLAN FOR TOP SPEED Long, hard turnpike driving requires the component parts to resist wear at sustained high speeds for long periods of time. Years ago. manufacturers could plan for an average speed of the automobile consider- ably below the top speed. To- day, with turnpike driving, the average planning speed of the vehicle is moving closer to the top speed. This places a greater and greater stress on moving component parts. In turn, this requires greater quality than 'ever -in the component parts to meet these conditions. Increased need for accelera- tion and response from today's automobile are required on the road. Many itmes, the safety of the driving and riding public re- quires this in order to provide the flexibility in driving to be Heavy Demands Made On Automobiles Now able to avoid traffic problems where split second acceleration or motion is required. The acceleration and response are made available by the orig- inal manufacturer in the design of the engine. Suppliers of com- ponents like fuel pumps have greatly increased the quality in their product to meet severe operating requirements. Automotive fuel suppliers are now also supplying sensitive new fuels that can respond more easily to the demands of the traveling automobile. CLOSER CONTROL The use of air conditioning, permanent type coolants, and generally high temperatures in the cooling system of today's automobile, increase the prob- lems with proper functioning of the component parts of the coole ing system. In the water pump, this again requires closer con-_ trol of quaiity on' all major functioning parts which include the seal and the precision-built water pump ball bearing. This results in development of new techniques for grinding and fin- ishing dimensions and surfaces to measurements in millionths of an inch. SaaS Ce Cw eee WHERE TIRES George Gay, an employee with AND TIRE SERVICE COME FIRST!! TIRE Tires Changed Minutes 17 years tire experience, is shown here with 2 of the modern vulcanizing machines which offer you the finest, fastest service. Pa Wee Wikre Sons BUY THREE STORES 2 Pick-up Trucks and one master service truck plus 7 servicemen are equipped with all the latest tire changing equipment to fill your requirements. 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