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She Oshawa Gunes Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher SATURDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1961 --- PAGE 6 Research Best Control On Education Pressures Never in history has there been so much critical examination of the aims, purposes and results of education as there is today. This is understandable, because never in history has there been such a ferment of social and technologi- cal change, and a society uncertain of its own aims and purposes cannot help bur reflect itself in its. schools. In a foreword to a study prepared for next year's Canadian Conference on Education, Dr. C. P. Collins, director of research for the Canadian Education Association, agrees that social pressures for changes in the educational program "are a good thing since it is about the only way in which the educational enter- prise can be kept in some kind of balance with changes in the Canadian social and political complex." There are certainly enough pressures: "Almost every person and every group in Canada, it seems to me, wants changes in the educational program. Some want driver education, a return to the Three Rs, swimming classes, no frills; others want a longer school day, better school board meme bers, better teachers, fewer subjects in the curriculum, courses in Russian or Chinese languages, nuclear physics or statistics." But he warns that "the trouble with social préssure is that while it promotes change it has no built-in de- vices for controlling or directing or jud- ging whether those changes which seem most popular are worthwhile." We agree that social pressures have the door in the past for "educational salesmen -- some call them theorists" to promote many kinds of innovations, which became part of the school system through promotion and not because of proved value. The need, of course, is for proper research, As Dr. Collins' says, "before the educational administrator decides whether a change is necessary, what direction it should take, how it will affect his whole enterprise, he should have as much knowledge and insight into the problem as possible, an under- standing of the expected consequences, and an appreciation of how unexpected the consequences might be." Other Side Of The Coin Most Westerners deplore racial dis- crimination as much, if not as vocally, s any fervent spokesman for one or another of the emerging 'black" states. But Westerners can also point to the blind discrimination being practised by the black spokesmen, who seem to spend all their time worrying about the relics of. white domination over blacks while blandly ignoring what blacks do to blacks or whites to whites. The concept of. colonialism which seems dominant among representatives of the new African nations in the UN, for example, relates almost exclusively to the particular type of colonialism they have experienced. Rarely is it related to the much more severe and wide- spread form of colonialism enforced by the Soviet Union. Although 38 nations received political independence from former colonial powers of Western Europe, principally Britain and France, between 1945 and 1960, and although the Soviet Union has extended its control over 17 countries and parts of eight others since 1920, Afro-Asian political leaders seem pre- occupied with'a waning Western colonial- ism and apathetic regarding Communist colonialism. If they think of it now chiefly in economic terms, the Christian Science Monitor remarks, they will do well to recognize two points: (1) That the forme: occupying countries have con- tributed heavily to the emergent coun- tries' advancement and (2) That severe economic exploitation is a basic charac- teristic of Communist operations in the subjugated countries of the Soviet bloc. A booklet on "The New Colonialism" published last year by the Assembly of Captive European Nations points out that the neglect of agriculture in the puppet-ruled countries has resulted ina comparatively stagnant rate of farm production there as compared with substantial gains in Western Europe. In food consumption, housing, and various conveniences people of this area have fared less well than those of the Soviet Union. Most kenly felt, however, is the fact that citizens of Poland, East Germany, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Bulgaria have no voice in determining the governments of their countries or in saying how the resources of their countries shall be used. Any attempt at self-expression invites imprisonment, forced labor or possible death. Those Literary Awards Albert Luthuli, the South African black leader, arrived in Oslo this week to receive his Nobel peace prize. He earned the prize for his long and unflagging efforts to win some measure of justice and freedom for his oppressed brethren in South Africa, and his refusal to use violent means to further those efforts. The prizes carry with them great prestige as well as financial reward, but in one sphere at least the prestige is becoming tarnished. For the third year in a row the Nobel prize for literature has gone to a writer of little stature. One wonders about the criteria used by the Swedish Academy of Literature in deter- + mining the winners. In his will, Alfred Nobel stipulated that "no consideration shall be paid to She Oshawa Sines T. L. WILSON, Publisher C, GWYN KINSEY, Editor o Times combining The Oshawe Times 1871) and the Whitby Gazette ond (established 1863) ts published daily end statutory holidoys excepted) ers ot Canadion Daily. Newspoper Publishers » The Canadien Press Audit Bureou of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Asso- ciation. The Canadian Press ts exclusively entitied to the use for republicetion ef all news despatched in the paper credited to it or to The Associated Press ot Reuters. and also the tocol news published therein All rights of speciel despetches cre also reserved. Associat Offices; Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Toronto Ontario: 640 Cathcart Street. Montreal, P.Q, SUBSCRIPTION RATES Whitby Aijex, Perry Prince Hampton, Frenchman's Boy. Taunton. Tyrone Ounbdarton Enniskillen, Leskord. Broughom, Burketon, Claremont, Greenwood, Kinsale Ragion Blackstock, Pontypool and Newcastle not over 45¢ By mail' fin Province of Ontorio) outside ers delivery creas 12.00 per year Other Provinces nervncrmeatth Countries 15.00. 400 Delivered by carriers in Oshawo ickering Bowmanville Brooklin Port ert Maple Grove, Liverpoo! nchester week USA. and Circulation for the issue of November 30, 1961 18,006 the nationality of the candidates." Well, now. In 1958 the prize for literature went to Boris Pasternak, a writer hostile to Communism who lived in the Soviet Union; undoubtedly a noble and cour- ageous man, but a pretty dull writer. It provoked quite an uproar. The next year, the Academy balanced things by selecting a sort of Pasternak in reverse -- the Italian poet Salvatore Quasimodo, a westerner sympathetic to Communism. In 1960 the Academy choose (to the amusement of the USS. litterati) Alexis Leger, a French poet who had switched his domicile to the United States. This year they balanced it again by picking an ubscure Yugoslavian, Ivo Andric. For that matter, the awards for lite- rature have generally been a bit of a puzzle. One-fifth of all 54 awards have gone to Scandinavians, but only one non-Occidental (Rabindranath Tagore) has ever been so honored. Karl Gjeller, a Dane, Johannes Jensen, another Dane now remembered only for his efforts to probe that Columbus was also Danish, and Ivan Bunin, a Russian whose fame rests on one short story, have been winners. But among those overlooked have been Zola, Ibsen, Tolstoi, Chekhov, Hardy, Wells, Conrad, Masefield, Mark Twain and Rilke. Other Editors' Views SALES TAX IN KENTUCKY (From the Louisville Courier-Journal) Organized opposition to Kentucky's 3% sales tax seems to lessen with the passage of time. The fact that it is prov- ing to the Kentucky's fiscal salvation is not lost, even on some of its most vocal opponents of the past. The Ken- tucky AFL-CIO, for example, is no longer making the tax an issue. At its annual convention here last week, it was signi- ficantly silent. LETS TALK ABOUT GUARANTEES LATER, SAY AT LUNCH! OTTAWA REPORT Red Olive Branch Requires Checking By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--Communist Russia is suddenly extending the olive branch to all the Western Al- lies, but especially to Canada. 'The heat is very obviously les- sened on the German question, although two short months ago it seemed not impossible that Berlin might be the cause of war. Russia was as recently de- tonating nuclear bombs, to the extent .that poison threatened the milk of our children, whilst the citizens of our neighbor were panicked into suggesting selected survivors to shelter in a "Noah's Ark" cave. Yet today Russia. proposes universal and complete disarm- ament. Overtly the Kremlin suggests the dismantling of the NATO military alliance, the keystone of Western defence, and the si- multaneous dismantling of the opposing Warsaw Pact. Overtly Russia proposes expanded bila- either friendship or hostility-- 4 who knows which? teral trade with Canada and other western nations. Do these gestures add up to a genuine thawing of the cold war? Or should we search in- side grandmother's nightdress to see whether a loving granny or a predatory red wolf is con- ceaied within? Doubters realistically point out that Russia's chief diplo- matic aim for years has been to destroy NATO, which has suc- cessfully ended Russia's piece- meal conquest of the free na- tions of Europe. Today Russia's chief strategic aim is to break up the Euro- pean Common Market, and to prevent it expanding to include Canada, Britain, and the U.S.A., giant traders all, whose adher- ence would strengthen it and strengthen themselves. The dumping of low-priced Soviet oil in Western Europe and the cur- rent offer of expanded trade with Canada are two moves which might be inspired by QUEEN'S PARK Changes Expected In Hydro Outlook By DON O'HEARN TORONTO -- The late Col. Tom Kennedy was known as probably the best practical poli- tician in the province in his era. And there was nowhere Col. Kennedy played his politics bet- ter than in his home riding of Peel, a semi-rural seat on the outskirts of Toronto. The colonel was an emotional man and he had an emotional fecling about his riding. Although he several times an- nounced his retirement, he kept putting it off and putting it off. The accepted reason for this was that he didn't hand over until he was sure his successor was worthy of the seat--and, of course, would be able to hold it. Eventually he did get out. His hand-picked successor was Wil- jiam Davis, an aggressive, young lawyer. Mr. Davis contested the rid- ing in 1959 and was returned easily. BIG SIGNIFICANCE The other day the young mem- ber, now 32, was named as sec- ond vice-chairman of Ontario Hydro. The appointment caused rela- tively little interest, but it was a noteworthy one. For not only was Mr. Davis appointed to the commission but also George Gathercole, deputy minister of economic:s, was named vice-chairman. Way down underneath, this has tremendous significance. For it represents a first move to bring Hydro back into the fold of the province. OFFICIALS DOWN It is assumed that Mr. Gath- ercole will eventually be chair- man--and probably at not too distant a date. And we can all be assured that when he is there will be quite a different outlook within the commission. He is a cool - headed young man who has a firm and objec- tive view of our political picture and the province's position in The rights of the municipali- ties will be respected. But the view taken on them will be a clear one, and not clouded with obscurantism. And officials in Hydro will not be able to use the municipalities s as a Club to forward their inte- rests. NEW DAY For Mr. Gathercole will have the backing of Mr. Davis, and it will be strong. And behind Mr. Davis will be the Hon. Robert Macaulay, who is retiring from the commission but will remain as its spokes- man in cabinet. Mr. Davis and Mr. Macaulay get along well together. The Peel member was the minister's manager in his cam- paign for the party leadership. One would say confidently there is a new day coming at Hydro. Then there is the matter of disarmament. Obviously a com- | prehensive system of blanket in- spection is essential to ensure that there is no trickery. But Russia opposes this, on the grounds that it would simply en- : able her Western foes to carry ; out wholesale espionage against her. Here we might detect a valu- able clue. If Russia truly wanted disarmament, and were herself permitted to inspect Western na- tions, why should she fear es- pionuge? Then too, the comple- ment of complete universal dis- armament must be a standing United Nations police force--yet Russia opposes this. And speaking of military es- pionage, is Russia's faith to- wards Canada good? Last week the Russian ambas- sador invited journalists to a press conference in his embassy here. The diplomatic staff work- ing there consists of 28 officials. This rates as the third largest dinlomatic apparatus in Ottawa, after the British (34) and the U.S. (32). REMEMBER GOUZENKO It was impossible not to enter the embassy, and to note all that staff, yet not to question the need for its size. We have but little diplomatic business with Russia, and for our part we handle this with a staff of only nine officials in Moscow. We do little trade with Russia; last year this amounted to a total of $11,443,003--com- parable to our trade with Peru which has a diplomatic staff of only two officials in Ottawa. There is hardly any migration between the two countries; Egypt sent as many immigrants to Canada last year as Russia did. and maintains a diplomatic staff of four officials here. Why then does Russia require suck a large diplomatic staff here? Why does not our govern- ment refuse to accept such a large accreditation, and limit the Russian staff to the size of our own staff in Moscow? These are fair questions. One possible explanation is would-be friendship; but another lies in a possible repetition of the huge Communist spy ring operated from that same Russian Em- bassy here during and after the last war. It is the responsibility of Russia to set our minds at rest on these various matters if that olive branch does not con- ceal a stiletto. INSIDE YOU Affection Helps Prevent Drinking By BURTON H. FERN, MD HE WAS sick; he needed a ae But they tossed him into jail! "Just another drunk," they said. They didn't know that alco- holism is an illness, which prop- er treatment can -help. Unlike the social drinker, the alcoholic can't stop. During those early days on bottles full of formula he was somehow shortchanged. Mom and Dad seemed to ration that tender, loving care he craved. Still hunting and craving that living protection, he's jolted and buffeted by everyday life, Drinks numb his disappoint- ment. Bracers build into bottles! The boss complains about his work. His wife nags and friends leave. The bottle becomes his only pal. FRIGHTFUL DELIRIUM And even it's two-faced! lk won't let him stop without laps- ing into a delirium of twisted, grotesque faces and slimy ani- mals. No friendly pink ele- phants here! Sedatives and tranquilizers cushion the path out of this jungle. When other medicines turn alcohol into sick-making poison, he can't stand to drink. Even fake pills help, if they're thought to contain the magic drug! ° But no medicine really cures. Only he can learn to refuse that first drink which fires up the old craving. A good doctor or sympathetic friend can help him understand, forgive, and once again respect himself, AA CAN HELP Friends from Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) help when a sudden craving threatens to overwhelm him. And by help- ing other members, he earns more self-respect. AA teaches his family patient understand- ing--vital, should he falter. A home fu!! of constant nag- ging and complaining seals his doom. Snaris and spats drive anv man to drink. Alcoholics seem to be allergic to whisky-making grains. When patients were fed some recently, speech slurrea, steps staggered and that old craving returned. Allergy shots may cure to- morrow's alcoholic. But today's still needs understanding, re- spect and affection. With oceans of live, he won't crave a single drop! UNITED KINGDOM OPINION Government Works Way Through Stormy Session By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent For The Oshawa Times LONDON --- The government has been sailing through stormy waters in the: last week or two, but there are signs that the storm is subsiding, and the ship is still sailing on an even keel, The storm has been weathered rather well on several counts, but : skilful handling of contro- versial issues has baffled the efforts of the opposition to force it on the rocks. It seemed as if a host of con- troversial matters came along all at once to raise the tempo of the proceedings at Westmin- ster. The goveinment's decision to prolong the national service of young men and call some back to the colors, the implica- tions of the pacy pause and its breach by a nationalized body, the new bill to control immi- gration, and the row over with- holding from Commonwealth countries the text of Edward Heath's speech at Brussels, all added up to a healthy list of subjects on which to attack a government that seemed to be vulnerable. HAD ANSWERS it looked like a glorious op- portunity to make an all-out onslaught from the opposition benches. But the attacks flick- ered and never reached an ef- fective peak because the gov- ernment spokesmen had the right' answers 1o silence its critics. On the national service issue, the most effective attack has been made, not by an opposi- tion spokesman, but by a for- mer Conservative cabinet min- ister, Aubrey Jones. Mr. Jones advocated a return to out-and- out conscription in order to build up the army and fired some telling blows at the prime minister and the minister of war. As a final word, he said this was a straight issue of country versus party, and he hoped that both in debate and in the divisior lobbies, there would be some who would think of country first. Only sev- en other members of his own party took up the challenge and abstained from voting on the measure. The opposition was in a diffi- cult position, because it is just as strongly opposed to re- introducing general national service as is the government, and that seemed to be the only effective alternative to the plan introduced by the government. Relations between the gov- ernment and the Common- wealth countries came in for a thorough airing when the re- fusal to give the text of Mr. Heath's speech at the Common Market conference in Brussels, and the subsequent leak of the text to the United States be- came known, was under de- bate. Mr. Heath drew the teeth from the opposition attack by announcing that it had been decided to give the text to the Commonwealth governments, in view of the leak. His undertak- ing to discuss methods of closer consultation with these govern- ments in order to keep them informed also had a placating influence, and even Hugh Gait- skell could not find too much ground for a strong attack af- ter the minister had surren- dered. Much of the credit for the change in the government's de- cision, however, must go to Canada's finance minister, Hon, Donald Fleming. When he was in London a few days previous- ly, he made no bones about letting the government, its chief ministers, the prime min- ister and the world in general know how strongly Canada felt about this vital information be- ing withheld. His forceful pre sentation of Canada's claim to be kept fully informed on Coni- mon Market negotiations did not go unnoticed in high places, And the support which he re- ceived from the press generally convinced the government that it was time to back water and reverse its attitude, The immigration control bill is still a subject of contention, and there is evidence that it will be emasculated a great deal before it becomes law. The opposition have tabled some 17 amendments to its provisions, most of them being changes which would complete- ly negative its principles. And the government is having sec- ond thoughts on some of its provisions, particularly on the proposal to exempt citizens of the Irish Republic from its con- trols. It is quite certain that it: will be amended by the govern- ment itself. On this bill, the opposition is taking a calculated risk in giv- ing strong opposition to it, be- cause. public opinion § runs strongly in its favor. Letters from readers appearing in all the national newspapers are overwhelmingly in favor of the = proposed in the ill. READERS' VIEWS Squirrels Shot Left On Lawn Dear Sir: Since early fall I have been feeding squirrels around my home; there are tiees and a hedge around the place and squirrels have seemed to like it. But apparently someone near- by doesn't! In the last four weeks three little squirrels have died under or near ,a big tree at the side of my front lawn, There didn't seem (to be any marks on the first ome -- which a neighbor disposed of -- or on the second one either. But I became curious, and took the little thing to an animal hospital to find out how it 'had died. The doctor there told 'me it had been shot by a .22 calibre rifle, Today there was another little dead squirrel not too far from the same tree. I didn't have the heart to go near it or touch it, but simply phoned, the dog pound to come and geti it! I did cry a little bit. I live on King Street East, near Cadillac and would like to make the request that if any of my neighbors see anyone in this area with a rifle raised to shoot, would ihey be so kind as to contact: either myself, or the local Humane Society, 8-5246. (Miss) DAVIDA B, DUFF OSHAWA CHAMPLAIN'S WORK Dear Sir: Since the founding of Can- ada, from the Atlantic to the BY-GONE DAYS 40 YEARS Ratepayers of Oshawa were to be asked to vote on a hylaw to raise $22,000 for new fire equipment. Only four building permiits to the value of $3700 were issued by Town Engineer McDonald during the month of Noveraher. The annual bazaar and supper held by the Ladies' Aid of Sim- coe Street Church netted $1400, above all expenses. Lawson O. Clifford of Oshaiva, Liberal candidate, was elected in the federal election in Sotath Ontario, the vote being: Cliffo.rd, Liberal, 5201; Smith, Consei-v- ative, 4974 and Chapman, Pyo- gressive, 3178. The Women's Building Fund Association of St. George's Ang lican Church under the chair- manship of Mrs. F. W. Cowan held a wvazaar which netted a. sum of $700 towards the new St. George's Memorial Church build+ ing. District Governor Hart Seeley of Waverley, N.Y., paid an offi cial visit to the Oshawa Rotary Club and gave an address on Rotary activities at the Rotary headquarters in Welsh's Parlors. The 1921 population of Oshawa: was reported by the city asses- sor to be 11,582. Town Council was considering a proposal to buy the flats ad- joining the Oshawa Creek for park purposes. Maj. A. F. Hind, police magis- trate of Oshawa and East Whit- by Township, who at his own re- quest, was transferred from On- tario County Regiment. to the Reserve Militia Corps in charge of the barracks in the Armories. Pacific, by Samuel De Cham- plain, in honor, dignity and bi- lingualism, on the site of Que- bec City, on July 3rd, 1608, many attempts have been made to disintegrate or break up our country by various means call- ed annexationism, separatism, secessionism, self-determinism, autonomism, etc. However, these attempts have been made in vain. Nobody has yet been able to destroy . Champlain's work, placed under the protec- tion of Providence by Cham- plain's sublime prayer, carved in the bronze of his monument in Quebec City: "May God, By His Grace, Make Thrive This Enterprise, For His Greater Honour and Glory". Because of his fortitude, Champlain still prevails. Champlain's work is not that of a light-minded, unreflecting man, who believes he is able to create a nation out of clever propaganda and a tree and a river, and hopes in the endur- ance of such a frail dream. On the contrary, Champlain's work meant the setting up of a political power called Canada, occupying a vast territory of the Continental North America wilderness. It was built on a principle, an action and a de- Itberate choice, aimed at es- tablishing in the world a new peak of civilization.and Chris- tianity. Champlain did his founding personally, of his own freewill, on his own initiative, in spite of Europe and against her. He struggled with Euro- pean powers and has proved stronger than they in the crea- tion and formation of Canada. Against anti-Canadian tenden- cies he continues to prevail. In conceiving Canada, Cham- plain was the precursor of Con- federation, through successive systems of governmental auth- orities, Confederation is not Canada, nor the beginning or birth of it- In 1967, it will no doubt be the 100th anniversary of Confederation, but it will also be the 359th anniversary of Canada (1608-1967), accord- ing. to historical records. Confederation is a system of government with _ territorial divisions constituted in prov- inces. This system is the suc- cessor of the posts, the forts and the establishments intro- duced by Champlain himself. Each of these. covered a vast territory with its social influ- ence, its political and economic- al authority, its military and religious prestige, always mark- ed by bilingualism since 1608. One system has replaced an- other. The present system may give birth to another system, but Canada will remain a country. Many of the former posts, forts and establishments have become provincial capi- tals or principal towns with democratic legislatures. The en- terprise is still unfinished after 353 years. It is possible to or- ganize more provinces in the northern districts not yet con- stituted. Champlain determined and delimited the territory, the frontiers and the dimensions of Canada, He put them in writing in his memoirs: "A Country, Beautiful In All Per- fection, Of Which The Extent Exceeds Sixteen Hundred Lea- gues In Length And Nearly Five Hundred In Breadth', This distance, less a few miles, is the real length between St. John, Newfoundland, and Prince Rupert, British Columbia, say 4,453 miles. The characteristic landmarks and boundaries of Canada are: The St. Lawrence River, the Great Lakes, the Plains, the Laurentian Mountains linked with the Rocky Mountains by the Northern Sky. Nothing has yet been able to disturb these natural features, and Cham- plain, who traced them, con-- tinues to prevail, When the Province of British Columbia experienced a crisis of separatism, a powerful poli tical and popular. movemem endangered the unity of Cana dian territory. Opponents of the movement, who were faithful patriots, imported from Quebec a cannon, which was carried by canoe and portage all the way to Vancouver, for the sup- port of their cause against the enemy. This cannon was nameJ "The Iron Interpreter'. Its presence in British Columbia was sufficient to change the course of events and the frame of mind of the separatists, The province, headed by its gov- ernment, then chose to remain faithful to Canada and to keep its Canadian nationality. This cannon was the successor of Champlain's Arquebus, ready for the protection, the defence and the conservation of Can- ada's entity. Through the appli- cation of his principles and his actions, Champlain continued to prevail. "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to re- peat it," said Santayana. It is a serious omission not to take in account Champlain's historic Arquebus. Its echoes have their repercussions in present his- tory, in the form of the moral Strength, the invincibility of Champlain, the founder of Can- ada, from ocean to ocean, in honor, dignity and bilingual- ism, whose principles. and thought are at the basis of Canada's life and of Canadian culture, served by everyone in the language of his choice. These principles remain the conditions of progress and pa- triotism. Quebec City GEORGE BOULANGER, President, National Samuel De Champlain Society } 135 SIMCOE ST. NORTH @ RESIDENT PARTNERS Gorgon W. Riehi, C.A., R.1.A. Burt R. Waters, C.A. PARTNERS: Hon. 3. W. Monteith, F.C.A., MP Gordon W. Riehl, C.A., R.LA. Robert W. Lightfoot, C.A. Monteith, Monteith, Riehl & Co. Chartered Accountants OSHAWA, ONTARIO @ TELEPHONE: Oshawe RA §-3527 Alex WH 2-0890 Bowmanville ZEnith 4-5750 A. Brock Monteith, 8. Comme CA. George £. Trethewey, C.A. Gurt R. Weters, C.A.