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The Oshavon Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited, 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ont. Page 6 Thursday, October 12, 1961 Green's Timely Warning On UN's Financial State Not the least of the problems facing the United Nations is its own financial rondition. As Canada's External Affairs Minister Howard Green warned the General Assembly last week, it won't be long before the world organization goes broke -- if, indeed, it is not insolvent already. Mr. Green did well to remind UN members of the fact -- and he spoke for a nation that, unlike so many others, has lived up to its obligations to the UN, and sometimes exceeded them. The major trouble comes from the expensive operation in the Congo. There the UN is spending $10 million 2 month -- mostly money it doesn't have. The United States has contributed handsomely to the Congo fund. And the late Secretary General Hammarskjold juggled UN funds, borrowing from var- fous agencies, to get ready cash for the operation. But that money must be paid back. And there is no immediate way to do it. The fund shortage results from re- fusal by the Soviet bloc, France, most Arab nations and some Latin American countries to pay their Congo assess- ments. Many, including the Communists, have also refused to pay assessments for the middle east security force which ls keeping the peace between the Arabs ind Israel. The Soviet Union and its satellites are $14 million behind in these latter assessments and won't pay a ruble. When it comes to assessments for the regular UN budget, the Soviet Union pays on the line and on time. Its annual assessment is 15.9% of the total budget compared with 32.5% for the United States. In 1960 the United States paid in a total of $115 million in regular, special and voluntary assessments coms pared with $18 million for the Soviet Union. Under article 19 of the UN Charter any nation which is behind an amount equal to two years' assessments auto- matically loses its vote in the general assembly. But the Soviet Union insists, and some others agree, that the rule, applies only to the regular assessments, which is pays. The United States is considering two proposals to change this. One would clearly define article 19 to apply to all assessments. The other would set up a "peace and security" fund to handle such things as the Congo operation. Na- tions would pay into it as they chose and those which paid would get special voice in carrying out such programs and projects. The Soviet Union will oppose either proposal, of course. But the issue is worth a fight on our part, if only to point up again the Soviet propensity not to play unless it calls the shots. Marshmallow Influence The increasing use of four-letter words -- words generally considered obscene lespite their honest origins -- in books ind plays may well be a revulsion against the debilitating influence on the lan- uage of pedagogues, politicians, hucks- ers and similar practitioners of the fubious arts of circumlocution and self- leception. The latest example of the marsh- nallow trend is offered by the Mil- waukee Journal, which notes: The present exhibit: The New York tity school system, which, along with ome good advice to teachers to steer tlear of racial stereotypes, has also pre- pared for them a glossary of positive words. The teachers are supposed to avoid negative terms in talks with parents so as not to discourage the par- ents' faith in the "upward mobility" -- nice phrase, that -- of their children. Thus, "deprived, depressed or disad- vantaged" children are to be described as "having a likelihood for good intel- lectual development," children with un- tapped potential" or children with talent ability." And "culturally deprived" children (the "poor" of yesteryear) are no longer to be so described, but instead as chil- dren "whose experiences, generally speaking, have been limited to their immediate environment." Is it not possible that a parent's con- science -- or if not that, then society's-- would be pricked by the blunter phrase? Help poor children? Of course. Give a hand to the "culturally deprived?" Well, maybe. Break our backs for those "whose experiences, generally speaking, have been limited to their immediate environment?" Generally speaking, get lost! Spotting Poor Drivers "Take the dangerous drivers off the road!" is a frequent demand from mem- bers of the public who have been horri- fied by some spectacular traffic tragedy, resulting from criminal carelessness. But how? The first question facing licensing authorities and police is how to detect a potentially bad driver? The Ontario Safety League quotes from an article by Don Ross in the New York Herald Tribune, who says that the driver is the chief mystery in traffic safety. Yet his inadequacies cause up to 90% of all traffic accidents. Far thirty years researchers have at- tempted to identify characteristics coms mon to drivers involved in accidents and to devise tests that would uncover these characteristics in applicants for licenses. But the hope that applicants found to posses such characteristics could be pre vented from driving hasn't worked out. he Osha Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher and General Manager C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor The Oshowa Times combining The Oshawa Times (established 1871) ond the Whitby Gazette and Chronicle (established 1863) is published daily (Sundays and statutory holidays excepted) Members of Canadian Daily Newspoper Publishers Association, The Canodion Press, Audit Bureou of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Asso- ciation. The Conodion Press is exclusively entitied to the use for republication of ail news despatched in the paper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, ond also the locol news published therein All rights of special, despoiches ore also 'reserved. Offices: Thomson building, 425 University Avenus, Toronto, Ontario: 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville. Brooklin. Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton Liverpool, Tounton, : Tyrone Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Cloremont, Columbus, Greenwood Kinsale, Ruglon Blackstock, Manchester Pontypool and Newcastle not over 45¢ per week. By mail (in Province oft Ontario) outside carriers delivery areas 12.00 per year. Other Provinces and Commonwealth Countries 1500. USA. ond Foreign 24.00. Frenchman's Bay, Dunbarton = Enniskillen, Circulation for the issue of March 30, 1961 17,363 Accident-involved drivers have been compared to safe drivers with respect to vision, depth preception, glare re- covery, reaction time, manipulative skills and knowledge of traffic laws withcut finding common denominators to set the good drivers apart from the bad ones. The accident-involved driver may score better in all these respects that the driver who has never had an accident. There has been an unrewarding search for the "accident prone" driver. Chronic violators have been found but it is estimated that they amount to no more than 1 percent of all drivers, and that if all of them were removed from the roads accidents would be reduced by only 4 per cent. The great majority of accidents are caused by "average" drivers who may have no more than one or two accidents in a lifetime. Dr. William Haddon jr., director of the New York State Driver Research Centre says: "There is no scientific evi- dence of which I am aware that the scores on the written and driving exami- nations given to drivers' licence ap- plicants in any way whatever correlate with their subsequent accident, violation and conviction record". The search for the psychological test that will flunk the potentially bad drivers goes on. Some experts say it will never be possible to construct such a test. Other experts say that even if it were it would be politically impossible to administer it if it flunked any large number of voters. Testing of would-be drivers is essen- tial in the motor age, and is a first line of defense against imcompetence. But the Ontario Safety League emphasizes that traffic safety will always remain essentially a matter of human behavior. Substantial progress towards a reduction in accidents and tragedies must be the responsibility of the individual -- not the licensing authorities. NATO PATROL IN UNKNOWN LAND QUEEN'S PARK Thanks Expressed To Leader's Wife By DON O'HEARN TORONTO--Thank you Mrs. Frost. We in the press paid our re- spects to your husband the other night. And in paying them to him we were also paying them to you. Yours has been a life--at least in recent years--of little fun. Little fun and many worries. Worries and long lonely times. The wife of a politician never has it very good. HAS IT BAD The wife of a leader of politi- cians has it very bad. The one has her times when her mate is away--at sessions of the house, at meetings, on the road in the riding keeping his fences in repair. Lonely times. INSIDE YOU Flaw In Bedroom May Block Sleep By BURTON H. FERN, MD You're healthy, you're calm, you're relaxed. Then why do yu toss and turn all night? Why, you'd be grateful for even 20 winks! Perhaps there's some flaw in your bedroom. Is your mattress too soft? Put some 3' plywood under it. Too hard? Wrap an old comforter over the mattress. Does your bed sag? Prop up the valley with mountains of blankets How about your pillow? Bash in part of that high pillow to hammer out a comfortable cor- ner, If your pillow's gone flat, jack up the head of the bed with 3" blocks. Are heavy blankets keeping you from drifting off? Try a light electric blanket. Are you warm enough? Cold feet can kick anyone out of dreamland. KEEP COOL! Close the door if light pours in from the next room. But open the window! A stuffy bedroom can choke off hours of sleep. Break the hot sleeping habit. Sleep Cool! Is your stomach empty? A bedtime snack can be a perfect sedative. But not stimulating coffee or tea! And don't stuff yourself. With your stomach full, the night hangs heavy on your hands. If your mind's been racing in high gear all evening, you can't expect it to idle suddenly. Even a rusty jalopy takes time to slow down. Don't expect to drop off with your heart pounding from Eliot Ness or Tightrope. This nervous BY-GONE DAYS 30 YEARS AGO + City Council decided te re- open the welfare hostel for un- employed single men with W. Graham in charge. The Ontario Regiment start- ed its program of fall training. Mrs. H. Foote, president of the Oshawa Ladies' Auxiliary, Canadian Legion, was elected to the provincial executive of Legion Auxiliaries. Assessor's report showed Oshawa's population decreased by 685 to 23,002, and assess- ment increased by $256,000 to $16,930,510. Harold Bray of Raglan was awarded the championship prize for best exhibits at the Oshawa Junior Farmers' Fair. East Whitby township started work on linking the Harmony district with the Oshawa water system. ~ Ross MacKinnon, promin- ent Rotarian, headed the or- ganization for the Associated Welfare Societies' annual finan- cial campa'gn. excitement can keep you up long after the Late, Late, Late Show. You can even be too tired to sleep. RELAXATION ESSENTIAL You'll doze off as soon as you hit the sack if you unwind first. Choose your own way. A short walk, a little reading, some mel low music or perhaps just quiet sittin' 'n' thinkin'! A vacation may help. But don't expect a cure the first night. A change in routine, a new bedroom, even mountain air, can keep you up. Think it over. Is a bedroom flaw walling you off from a good night's sleep? But these are only times. For you the leader's wife, this has been the rule. Your "times" have been those short spells when you could get away and be two people, not persons who must please the people. For your mate has had the fences of the province to look after. And that is indeed a lot of fence. FIRST LADY Thank you for having made us feel at home. You have been the province's first lady. And it has been a happy and warm house you have made. A graceful home with comfor- table chairs and a spirit of truly-glad-to-see-you. One did not take shoes off in it. But neither did one wear a dinner jacket. Thank you also for having been a woman, with a weakness for hats and other human quali- ties. You have been a person of "the people." Thank you for your dignity without sham. Pomp is not na- tive to us. Thank you for having been a model for future first ladies. DEVOTED TWO Thank you and your husband also for having given an ex- ample of devoted and lasting love in a world where the old values are temporarily a bit old shoe, We in the press have known well of this devotion. We have been with your man when a week neared its close and from some far away spot we have had strenuous travels to reach his week-end retreat. The thought that we mightn't travel has never occurred to him. His only thought was home. And we love him for it. For it he, been the province has en- viea. GALLUP POLL Higher Rating Given Work Of Diefenbaker By The Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion The Prime Minister's personal popularity has grown by 6 per- cent from his low of 42 percent approval registered last Febru- ary for the way he is handling his job. Today he merits a higher rating of approval than does Prime Minister Macmillan in Great Britain, The figure, however, is far below that which U.S. voters are currently giv- ing Mr. Kennedy -- 73 percent. In the West the public gives a majority approval ranking to the Prime Minister. His low point is in Quebec Province, where there is a spread of only 5 percent between those who like what he is doing and those who don't. This is the question by which Gallup Poll reporters have periodically sought voter re- action to Mr. Diefenbaker's per- formance in office. "Do you approve or disap- prove the way John Diefenbaker is handling his job as prime minister?" By way of contrast, voter reaction to their chiefs of govern- ment.is shown for both the U.S., and the UK. Harold Macmillan Approve Disapprove No Opinion John F. John Kennedy Diefenbaker 73% 13 14 100% 100% About the same segment of voters disapprove the way Mr. Diefenbaker is doing his job in the East, Ontario and the West, but his approval level varies by as much as 8 percent from East to West. Approve Disapprove East West 52% 35 13 Ontario 48% 38 14 Diefenbaker's handling of his job, interviewers asked why they felt disapproval. Three main issues account for almost 70 percent of the explanations. Disapproval of his administrative actions in general; he is too dictatorial; not doing anything Nothing has been done about the jobless situation . He has not lived up to his promises ... 20% 20 20 He is not definite enough; a weak leader; like him; have no confidence inchim .. He has a poor foreign policy; too British He is spending too much money; the national debt is too large; tight money policy is bad Other reasons (including farm and trade policies) .. Can't explain disapproval 103% (Some gave more than one reason for disapproval) World Coovright Reserved a OTTAWA REPORT Various Effects Of Nuclear War By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--Would survivors of a nuclear war emerge from their fall-cut shelters to find a Can- ada incapable of supporting life? Our government has urged us all to build family shelters in our basements. It has advised farmers to be prepared to herd all their livestock into well-pro- vided barns, also as protection against the danger from fall-out. We may have to stay in our shelters for up to two weeks after a nuclear blast. But we have not been told whether we would emerge to find a lush and generous Can- ada, or a scorched radio-active desert. So 1 consulted scientists here and in other countries, who have knowledge applicable to this field of speculation. They point out that there is an immense difference between one distant nuclear blast, and the scattered explosions of the entire nuclear .armoury now known to exist. But they dis- agree wildly as to the validity been shut up for the summer holiday. This may be spread anywhere around the world dur- ing the subsequent two years. The villain of this late fall-out is strontium 90, a product of nu- clear fission which is a substi- tute for calcium in that innocent nature will absorb this deadly substance wherever there is a shortage of calcium. Accumulat- ing in the bones, it would kill the human and animal survivors of a nucltar war many years later. To minimise this risk, survivors would have to avoid possibly contaminated foods and liquids, such as leaf vegetables and milk from contaminated cows--although the flesh of such animals could be eaten safely. LIFE OF ATONEMENT Strontium 90 could contamin- ate surface soil, and hence in- fect human and animal fodder for many years; it retains its dangerous qualities for many years. But the after-effects of a nuclear war would of course de- pend upon its length and sever- ity. They could be very complex and unpredictable. Whether or not man could survive after- wards would depend upon the extent to which the balance of nature w asdisturbed. As example noted in USA. is that evergreen trees are more susceptible to radiation than hardwood trees; thus our impor tant woodpulp industry may al- ready have been damaged. Birds, as noted in Britain, may be killed by a very light fall out. But, as one scientist pre- dicted, it would take an awful lot of nuclear warfare to knock out Canadian agriculture. Yet at worst, said another, survivors could be reduced to a potato- eating calcium-taking remnant existing in caves proof against fall-out. Hon. Lester '"'Mike" Pearson many years ago told a story which is still terribly apt. A scorched bloodstained hungry monkey decided at last that he was the lone survivor amid the nuclear shambles. But after many weeks a seemingly healthy lady monkey approached him across the ash-grey desert--and winked at him. "Oh no," pro- tested Mr. Monkey. 'Lets not start this all over again." of Neville Shute's morbid warn- . ing in his book "On the Beach," that mankind must keep peace or perish. They are not sure that any human survivors of an all-out nuclear conflict would find conditions in which they could rebuild a civilisation. THREE FORMS These scientists describe that there are various ways in which a nuclear war would kill human, anmmal and plant life. First are the obvious physical effects of blast and fire. A 5-megaton bomb (equal in destructive power to 5,000,000 tons of con- ventional explosive) would cause almost complete destruction within a radius of 3 miles. Only a building expressly designed to resist earthquakes could stand. The area of complete pulverisa- tion would be smaller. Fires would be started up to 12 miles away. Within this range, for a matter or seconds only, life would be menaced by the short- lived neutron flux. Early fall-out, bringing deadly gamma rays, would settle within 24 hours of a nuclear explosion. It would be restricted to the area within the range of wind and drift in that time. The ave- rage speed of winds in our tropo- sphere, to which a nuclear mushroom would rise, is up to 60 miles per hour. Later fall out would settle from the strato. sphere in the form of a fine dust, such as mother notices on the furniture after the house has PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM Within the next 100 million years, the moon will fall to earth," says an astronomer. It is futile, though, to hope that man will be patient enough to wait for the moon to come to him, rather than going to the moon. "Children, particularly boys, make noise as a means of self- expression," says a psycholo- gist. It's a great pity so many of them have so much self to express. ACCIDENT HAS LE bi HAPPY ENDING A short time ago, just after I made my third payment to Crescent on an $1800 loan, I was severely injured in a ident car My st d but thanks to Crescent's 3-Way Protection Plan my payments will be made for me until such time as I am able to return to work. 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