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I Fhe Oshavon Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited, 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ont. Page 6 Friday, June 16, 196] Two Years After Death Of Arrow, Interceptors Prime Minister Diefenbaker's change in defence ministers has obviously not lessened the confusion in Canada's de- fence policy -- or non-policy. Our defence still appears to be a theme play- ed strictly by ear on a makeshift instru- ment. In February, 1959, the federal gov- ernment announced that the Avro Arrow program was to be scrapped. This meant the virtual death of a substantial in- dustry and the dispersal of a highly- trained team of engineers, technicians and skilled workers. But the reasons given for the action carried weight. The Prime Minister told the House of Com- mons: "In recent months it has come to be realized that the bomber threat against which the CF-105 (Arrow inter- ceptor) was intended to provide defence has diminished, and alternative means of meeting the threat have been deve- loped much earlier than expected." Defence Minister Pearkes added: "All the information we can get from all sources which are available to the Gov- ernment indicates that the threat of the manned bomber against this country is diminishing. It would therefore not seem to make sense for us to go ahead and develop an interceptor." Then the government went stub- bornly ahead with the highly question- able Bomarc program. The Bomare missile is designed for use against mane ned bombers, and is not an anti-missile weapon. The two bases in eastern Can- ada are sited to defend U.S. cities rather than Canada. The Bomarc's range of interception: is so short that bombers carrying nuclear weapons, when shot down by missiles from the North Bay base, might well do considerable damage to highly populated areas in this pro- vince. Now the government has completed an aircraft deal with the United States, by which we will acquire $150 million worth of F-101B Voodoo jets. And what are the Voodoos? You guessed it-- in- terceptors. And interceptor jets are built for the specific task of intercepting man- ned bombers -- the task that the gov- ernment, in 1959, decided was becoming obsolete at such a rate that the spending of any more money on the Arrow was enough of a waste to justify the death of an industry. Ah, well. Talks Stalled By Reds At Vienna Premier Khrushchev evi- dently showed no interest at all in whether the Geneva talks on nuclear test bans continue or close up shop. He showed no concern over the continu- ing buildup of nuclear weapons that could wipe out mankind. He refused to consider western compromise plans for control. At Geneva the Soviet repre- sentatives are equally adamant. They even retreat from positions the west thought had been agreed upon earlier. The Soviet will agree to a test ban but refuses to agree to any reasonable means of policing it. Proposals for in- spections in the Soviet Union, the Unit- ed States and Great Britain by teams of . experts are rejected. The Russians call - jspections a coverup for spying. The at Hillsthat the US. and UK. are willing pressed 8.rate such "spying" doesn't move given her pying nelly, M~ Narr" No test ban would have any meaning . without means of checking on it. It would be like setting up police squads to fight bank robbers and banning them from the bank areas, the Milwaukee Journal comments. The sincerity and urgency with which the West is approaching the problem is shown in its continued willingness to compromise within reason. It is shown, too, by the public proposals of Arthur H. Dean, U.S. Geneva negotiator. The West is willing to have people see them and judge for themselves. The Americans and the British have asked the United Nations to print and distribute their many suggestions. But the Russians have not let their people see the western proposals. Dean challenges them to do so. He asks them to let their own people judge which side is right -- which side is really trying to save mankind from nuclear war. But the Russians refuse. Thus we have a horrible impasse, horible because even now the world's nuclear weapons could wreck civiliza- tion. The more there are, the more may be the inclination for one side or the other to try to "win" by sudden attack, the more the risk of accidental war. The Russians have made rocket rattling threats many times. Western leaders have said in the last few days that any major Russian military aggression would unleash the rockets. Canada's Stake In NATO Canada, still a camparatively small country from a population viewpoint, is doing a man-size job in NATO de- fence arrangements. This was indicated in a report on the state of European security presented to the assembly of the Western European Union held in London, England, recently. The report gives an analysis of the financial effort and manpower contribution of the 15 NATO countries. Canada is credited with a defence budget of $1,668,000,000 during 1960, placing us fifth in the list in relation to defence expeditures. The list is head- &d by ie United States, with the United Kingdom second, France third and West Germany fourth. Taken as a percentage of the gross national product of the country, Can- ada again stands fifth. The country's The Oshawa Sines T. L. WILSON, Publisher and General Manager €. GWYN KINSEY Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times (established 1871) ond the itby Gozette ond Chronicle (established 1863). is published daily (Sundays end statutory holidays excepted). Members of Canadian Dolly Newspapers Publishers Association. © The Conodion Press, Audit Bureau of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Asso- ciation. The Conadion Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all ews despatched in the poper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, ond also the local news published therein. All rights ot speciol despatches are also reserved. Offices: Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue Teronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers In Oshowa Whitby, Ajax Pickering, Bowmanville Brooklin, ort Pefly. Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hompton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton yrone. Dunbarton, Enniskilien, Orono Leskard. Brougham Burketon, * Claremont Columbus, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglon . Blackstock, Manchester Pontypool and Newcastle not over 45¢ per week. By mail (in ince of tario) outside carriers delivery creas 12.00: elsewhere 15.00 per vear : Circulation for the issue of March 30, 1961 17,363 gross national product for 1960 is given as $30,795,000,000. Spending on defence amounts to 5.4 per cent of this figure. Again the United States tops the list with 10.1 per cent of the GNP, France is second with 8.4 per cent, the United Kingdom third with 7.6 per cent and Greece fourth with 5.9 per cent. Turkey, with 5.4 per cent is on the same level as Canada. In assessing the expenditures on de- fence per head of population, however, Canada, which stands seventh in the list for population, stands second only to the United States in per capital ex- penditures. The U.S. spends $256 per capita on "defense. Canada's figure is $94 per capita, that for Britain $89, France $85 and West Germany $54. Canada is the only country in NATO which does not have any period of compulsory service. Within the next two years Britain will dispense with com- pulsory training, as no more recruits are being called up. For the total number of men in the armed forces Canada stands ninth in the list of 15 countries. The total strength of Canada's armed forces is given as 120,000. Ahead of Canada in the list are the United States, 2,489,000, France, 1,026,000, United Kingdom 539,000, Turkey 500,000, Italy 400,000, West Germany 260,000, Greece 158,000 and the Netherlands 135,000. In percentage of the country's total labor force, Canada's number in the armed forces puts her down one place from the bottom of the list. She is equal with Italy, with 1.9 per cent of the labor force members in the armed forces. Only West Germany with an even one per cent is lower. Heading the list is France with 5.2 per cent. Canada's percentage is based on an estimated total labor force of 6,200,000, the sixth highest of the 15 countries of NATO. 'GENTLEMEN, HERE'S R DELICATE SITUATION' REPORT FROM U.K. Noise Act Hits Outdoor Events By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent for The Oshawa Times LONDON Britain's new noise Abatement Act is having an effect which was not even considered when the legislation enacting it was passed. It is sounding the death-krell to an- nual carnivals and outdoor shows held in many towns and cities throughout the country to raise funds for civic projects and charities. Many people who believe that this effect on car- nivals and shows was entirely unforeseen by the government when the act was drafted are BY-GONE DAYS 35 YEARS AGO Removal of excise tax from automobiles valued at less than $1,200 was greeted with much satisfaction in Oshawa. Rev. A. C. Reeves attended the sessions of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church held in Montreal. Police officials began en- forcing a 30 - minute parking limit in the business section of Oshawa. : J. G. Adams, principal of the Oshawa High School, who was leaving at the end of the term, was honored with a presentation, made by Murray Johnson and John Hare on behalf of the students. W. Goold, C. C. Stenhouse, H A. Porter and D. A. J. Swanson skipped their rinks to victory in the second round of the Lake- shore Bowling League played between Whitby and the Osh- awa Clubs. Board of Education confirmed the appointment of A. E. O'Neill as principal of the Oshawa Col- legiate Institute. King, Simcoe and St. An- drew's Young People's organi- zations held a joint meeting with Orme Moffatt, president of King St. Young People's League as chairman. Rev. D. G. Cook of India was the guest speaker. R. S. McLaughlin announced a "full steam ahead" policy for General Motors of Canada, with new plant additions to be con- structed at once. Anniversary services were held in the city United Churches to celebrate the passing of the first milestone in the history of the United Church of Canada. There were 258 Entrance can- didates from the Oshawa Public Schools with about 150 passing on their term's work. In 1920 the total number of Entrance candidates from Oshawa was 83. Mrs. R. C. Cowan and Mrs. Eric Phillips, members of the Oshawa Golf Club, participated in the qualifying round of the Ontario Women's Golf champion- ship played at the London Hunt Club. Royal Templars of Oshawa Council No. 58 held their fifth anniversary in the Sons of Eng- land Hall. Mayor R. D. Preston acted as chairman and a pro- gram including speeches and musical numbers were pre- sented. HISTORIC LECTURE ST. JOHN'S, Nfld. (CP)--Pre- mier Smallwood has donated to the Newfoundland archives a photostatic copy of a lecture on Placentia, Nfld.,, that was de- livered in 1910 by historian H. W. le Mesurier. The premier discovered the original copy in a New York library. making strong criticisms of the inflexibility of its provisions. The act forbids the use of loud-speakers in any public place anywhere in the country after 9 p.m. Infringement of this section of the act can bring a maximum penalty of a $27.50 fine. CARNIVALS CANCELLED Because of this noise restric- tion, several carnivals have ei- ther been cancelled or drastic changes in their programs. St. Noets, in Huntingdonshire, the town of Huntingdon and Big- gleswade, Bedfordshire, all had plans made for their carnivals. The St. Noets committee can- celled theirs. Huntingdon will carry on, but on a limited scale. The committee at Biggleswade believes it has found a loophole in the law that may enable its carnival to go on as planned. It is keeping silent as to the nature of this loophole. St. Noet's carnival has been held annually for the last 14 years. It usually raised be- the town's almost completed, but not yet paid for, $56,000 swimming pool. A CRYING SHAME John Shaw, chairman of the St. Noet's carnival committee, said: "I think this is a crying shame. We have the second largest market square in Eng- land, ideal for this sort of car- nival. People in the town are greatly disappointed. The carni- val was one of the biggest events of the year in the town." Huntingdon carnival stages similar events. The committee is not considering curtailing its program, David Ransford, sec- retary of the committee, com- mented: "If we cannot use the square, then we may have to hold cer- tain events indoors: Either we keep seat prices the same and lose revenue, or charge more, and keep people away." At Biggleswade, the carnival will go on as planned, on the village square. The carnival president, L. W. Day, said: "The area will be totally en- closed and people tharged for admission. This means it will cease to be a public place -- so the Act will not affect us." It remains to be seen whether the authorities enforcing the act will agree with this inter- pretation. GALLUP POLL Big Area Of In Political By CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC OPINION There is a very interesting situation in the political wea- ther today. Ask Canadians which way they'd vote if an election were called, and poli- tical favors are split closely be- tween Conservatives and Liber- als. Ask them, however, which party comes closest to match- ing their own ideas -- and Con- servatives move ahead, par- ticularly in Ontario. This is a very different pic- ture to that of some years ago. In 1956, only six months before the Conservatives gain- ed power, a far larger segment of the voters still held the be- lief that Liberals best match- ed tHE OWI iaeas, as thm paiea™ Party best matching Voters' own ideas Liberals Conservatives C.C.F. Others Undecided Assessing attitudes in Que- bed, Ontario and the West to- day, shows strength for the Conservatives in Ontario, high Quebec Liberals Conservatives Other parties Undecided Conservatives are favored in close ratings with the Liberals for Party integrity, fairness, and quality of their leaders. Lib- erals are favored more for their past record and for what they would do for the working man, Good for the working man; Reason why they match voters' own ideas Integrity, fairness of party and of leaders Past record Good for the working man; more jobs Best for Canada Lead to more prosperity Good Party for everyone Other reasons Can't say ( (Some gave more than one) ' Indecision Opinions to Conservatives. Today the sit- uation is reversed. A completely different selec- tion of men and women is in- terviewed each time the Gallup Poll sends its force of inter- viewers across the provinces to find out how people think on current controversies. each time, however, they are select- ed precisely to represent the nation as a whole. Today's question is a repeat of one used in 1956. Comparison reveals a big drop in favor for Liberals, as the party best fitting average voters own ideas and a heavy increase in indecision. Conservatives remain at about the same level. "Which Political Party in Canada Corresonds Best with 1956 4% 25 8 9 7 7 16 32 TODAY 23%, 29 100% 100% indecision in Quebec, and other Parties ahead of either Con- servatives or Liberals in the West. West 18% 23 31 28 Ontario 29% 21% 28 34 8 14 35 31 100% 100% 100% while Conservatives have the edge as being best for Canada. Here, by way of comparison, are the top five reasons why voters say the party they pick comes closest to their own ideas. Favor Liberals 18% 13 Favor Conservatives 20% - 7 1 107% (World Copyright Reserved) OTTAWA REPORT Insurance Fund At Danger Point By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--Hon. Michael Starr minister of labor, was asked in Parliament last week, "if, in view of the serious depletion of the unemployment i ns ur ance fund, he can assure this House that there is no danger that benefits will be either cut off or lowered?" This question by an opposition MP reflected an anxiety which has frequently been aired during this session. Many Canadians who are out of work now, or who fear the loss of their job in fu- ture, are interested in the an- swer. Prime Minister John Diefen- baker made the election cam- paign promise that, so long as he holds that office, no Canadian would suffer financial hardship by reason of being out of work. Since making that -promise, he has done much to help the un- employed. He has raised the un- employment benefits to a maxi- mum of $36 per week; and he has substantially widened the scope of those benefits, to in- clude workers earning up to $5,460 per year, and also to bring certain groups of seasonal workers within the category of beneficiaries. But to implement his promise, there must at all times he suf- ficient money in the unemploy- ment insurance fund to meet the demands upon it; and there have been grounds for appre- hension in the rapid depletion of that fund during the past four years. BUILT IN GOOD TIMES Employers and employees contribute to build up the fund, in equal amount. The federal government adds an amount equal to one-fifth of their com- bined contributions, and also meets the cost of administering the fund. From its inception on Domin- jon Day, July 1, 1941 up to March 31, 1958, such contribu- tions, together with interest earned by the fund plus profit on the sale of its investments, just exceeded $2.5 billions. Ben- efits paid out approximated INSIDE YOU Gamma Globulin To Battle Germs By BURTON H. FERN, M.D. Imagine! Your son is barely a year old and already he's had pneaumonia twice! Perhaps his system can't manufacture enough of that special protein called '"'gamma globulin" or "GG" -- the main ingredients in antibodies. With- out antibodies, battling germs is like fighting off atom bombs without even a water pistol. You're wide open to any at- tack. Some boys inherit a weak defense. Their systems manu- facture some gamma globulin but not enough to fight off everyday germs. When these boys grow up and have families, they pass the trait through their daughters to their grandsons. Boys have to inherit the trait from Mother. Alhtough Mother carries the trait, she still manufactures plenty of GG. SUDDENLY VULNERABLE Sometimes a normal gamma globulin supply runs dry. And antibodies suddenly evaporate, leaving the victim vulneable to infection. Unprotected by GG, he catches any germ that's going around. Every minor cold turns into infected eyes and ears -- or pneumonia. From tiny skin infections, germs pour into the blood stream. They trigger life-threat- ening meningitis and tender like overstuffed sausages with fiery sunburns. Intestinal bacteria run wild and flush food through before it can absorb into the system. But lymph nodes (glands) -- including tonsils and adenoids -- don't swell even though they're infected. This lymph tis- sue normally helps produce an- tibodies. UNKNOWN FACT Nobody knows why these children can handle the worst virus infections without trouble and still fall prey to the weak- est bacteria. Your doctor can order a sim- ple test to detect gamma globu- tains at least one-tenth of an ounce in each pint. Less than lone-fortieth of an ounce per pint shows a serious shortage. Treatment is simple: Replace the missing GG with antibody-rich gamma globulin. One monthly injection can ex- tinguish' most infections before they ever flare up. three-quarters of the assets, $0 the balance remaining on March 31, 1958, totalled $744, 200,125. It had been just under $862,000,000 when the Diefen- baker government assumed of- fice nine months earlier. Since then it has diminished steadily, to $499 millions on March 31, 1959; to $365 millions a year later; to $185 millions on March 31 this year; and to $143,651,927 on April 30. Obviously, the fund could not meet another winter of unem- ployment such as that just passed without either lowering or cutting off benefits. We can however confidently assume the Diefenb a k e r government will take action to replenish the fund. BURDEN ON TAXPAYERS Every Canadian taxpayer will have to pay his or her share towards rebuilding this essential weapon of social security. In these circumstances, all tax- payers will be interested in the oft-heard charge that crooks and free-loaders, as well as the gen- uinely unemployed, have been obtaining cash from this fund. It has even been suggested in Par- liament that unemployment ben- efits, coupled with permissible earnings, now are so high that many Canadians do not wish to work steadily so long as this unearned income is available. In stark contrast to our po- sition, the government of West" Germany has just announced that, with unemployment total- ling less than one-half of one per cent of the labor force in that country, all unemployment in- surance contributions there will be suspended for six months, because the unemployment com- pensation fund is "threatened" with an additional surplus bal- ance of $240,000,000 by the end of this year. PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM It's a great pity that more people couldn't travel the "straight and narrow path" without becoming strait-laced and narrow-minded. Another reason ignorance is bliss is that the more a person learns, the more he becomes painfully aware of the infinitely large number of things he doesn't know. Don't worry about not being able "to take it with you". In one place you couldn't use it, and in the other you wouldn't need it. It is particularly advisable for you to be guided by the admon- ition, "Look before you leap", when you are on the eve of ar- riving at a conclusion. One ordeal undergone by the Russian space-man which a U.S. astronaut would not suffer is that upon his return he would not be kissed by the chief execu- tive. FOR FATHER'S DAY ... 35 m.m. CAMERA SPECIAL i JURY & LOVELL'S puoro peers. 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