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She Oshawa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited, 57 Simcoe St. S., Oshawa, Ont. Poge 4 Saturday, November 8, 1958, Government Should Face Issue Of Death Penalty Dur Ottawa columnist, Patrick Nich- olson, has become quite heated about the undefined policy of the Dieferbaker government concerning capital punish- ment. In today's column on this page he gives the statistics on the number of persons found guilty of murder, the number of commutations of the death penalty and so on. We can agree with Mr. Nicholson that Mr. Diefenbaker, Justice Minister Fulton and their colleagues are dodg- ing an issue by using their authority to commute the death without making a policy statement on the sub- sentence ject of capital punishment Conservative government office, there have commutations that it is obvious Mr. Diefenbaker and Mr. Fulton decided opinions about the worth of the death sentence as a penalty for murder Apparently they do not believe that the death penalty should be abolished, be- cause not all suck sentences have been commuted, but they mu have grave doubts about the law as it stands--and the law clearly states that the penalty for .hurder is decth, There should If the Sir took ce the many that have been so then, be a statement of overnment thinks the orld be changed to--permit--and different degrees of murder, it should say =o and take the pro- Canadians their tion to amend the law they know where and her srnment stand Ni when he writes about the val- of the death penalty as a deterrent As he admits, there is no r way. But there is the evi- GUEST EDITORIAL We cannot agree with Mr "holson, vever, murder dence of states and nations where ca- pital punishment has been abolished, showing that the riurder rates does not increase when the threat of death is removed. This does not prove that ca- pital punishment is not a deterrent, but it does show that it is not an important factor in the thinking of a murderer before the crime is committed. Indeed, if it is as a deterrent that ca pital punishment is justified, we are making a mistake in arranging that executions be as private as possible, Surely the sight of a murderer hang- ing in - public square would frighten a potential murderer more than an im- personal report of an execution carried out with quiet efficiency in a distant place. But the public method was tried and discarded, It upset the tender feel- of society and certainly did not murders. Now society can smugly the state' putting a person taking a life for a life and going aobut the rather nasty business of stretching necks without bothering decent peuple -- the "state" is always a convenient word to use when individ- uals wish to duck their responsibilities as individuals We agree with the principle that seems to lie behind the commutation ac= fion of the Diefenbaker Government, We think that capital punishment is. a barbaric no place in a country that claims to be civilized. But we also realize that politics is the "art of the possible." It will probably be necessary first. to amend the law to dis=- between homicide, and this the government should do without further dodging of the issue by neans of such a device as commutation, ings stop talk about to death that has degrees of Life's Inner Shrine By the REV, G. TELFORD, D.D St. Andrew's United Church, Oshawa What shrine of life? is it that occupies the inner A true answer will re- veal the real personality. Outward sem- blance, reputation, public may build up a plausible, and perhaps respectable facade, but the real self is within, remote from all eyes except the eves of God It is know es of the estimation then of the last importance to what dominates the inner heart. Upon the ans Il depend our character 'and It is only too true, and often too appar- ent can be idolators Any- thing takes the place of God is, according to the Bible idol, It pot be a image. An idol us is the we most sir gdmire or recess~ to that destiny wel that men that an need material for that most ardently covet Where youl your may alone thing cerely will Men worship God self analysis treasure 1s, there heart said Jesu that the) when a searching be also" protest would reveal to be far otherwise, The God are of wide var A account of the commonest and most widely worshipped. Hedonism, or the cult of the enjoyable, is a popular idol. Whatever ex the greatest de= votion, whatever makes the most im- perious claim on our active concern, our interest or our loyalty, that is our real object of wor<hip. But the central shrine is bv right God's exclusive place. One of "Life trolled by real Life the d con= cerns affections 'eoccupa= anc con=- idols w the place of ety man's bank 1§ one definition religion r of God." is cor the 18 whole rour of our active oul God over everything we do The commandment "Thou shalt gods before Me." We discipline of careful self criticism to know what we actually worship. We need the grace of God to dethrone the idols and set ir shrine of life God a Christ. our fr tions claims s ipremacy trol still stands, have no other need the the central revealed in Jesus No Room In The Woods Or me ted we have danger created occasions com=- several 1 the on the by stup.dity and of fers -- the carelessness some hun- giving 'a bad name eation and making the w places fear, Probably we have been preaching to the converted, but ist an- fools 0 are to a grand 1 cods and fi of » cannot res other reference tec subject m his 1s ar pip as an edit report that also stands Pembroke (CP)--Frank Lynch, an optometrist, said today he is giving up ing because he has been shot at ~ times in the past three years and e's no room in the woods for any= ng but damned fools any more." Mr. Lynch; an avid deer hunter, said he was walking down a bush trail when a bullet whizzed past . . . He had to lie on his stomach three years ago while five shots flew he re- called. Two years ago, as he stood on a overhead he Oshawa Simes ° a ag ® despatches Cam ald _9= a 3 3 BUBIATIAS ~® Street treal, West, Toronts, Ontarle; PQ RIPTION RATES Oshawa Port SUBSC Whitby Perry Alex, AVERAGE DAILY NET PAID 16.166 ridge, a bullet day, he bullet head "On each occas Mr, Lynch the wild urt or ing it up un turns to the woods." his feet when struck at Mon- another beside his Was or thudded a ridge into a tree or said shooters might I yelled and shout- today. "Boi none to iH 1 giv= re= ed ' of came see I'm sense need help. some common Other Editor's Views NEW VERSION OF PSALM (From the Association Journal) Miss Murphy was teaching her Sun- day school class the Twenty-Third Psalm, When she thought it had been mas- tered, she asked the class repeat it in She detected a discrepancy i. the words si she took each child in= dividually and listened to him recite. Finally she found one little fellow who was concluding his version with this line: "And surely Miss Mur=- will follow nme all the days of my California Teachers' to unison good LACK CAPACITY William A typhoon in Japan which leaves tens of thousands of Japanese homeless does not make many night' Yet people just to away (Fort Times-Journal) lose a rtless capacity so far rience. Canadiuns sleep We for we have not the feel fellow-men situated from our daily expe Bible Thought over th Jordan.--Joshua fe there dan w h must be ¢ we expect 1 i \ rossed if to enter into our supreme TURNING ON THE HEAT OTTAWA REPORT Many Murderers Death §%7%a Saved From By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA -- Eighteen convicted murderers have been sentenced to death during the 16 months since the Conservative govern- ment took office. But no less than 14 of those murderers have had their punishment commuted from hanging to life imprisonment. In effect, this means release from prison within from 12 to 20 years if the convict wins maximum re- mission for good behavior. This new ratio of seven com- mutations to two executions Is a sharp reversal of the former ratio of one commutation to two execu- titbns which prevailed over the previous years. The government appears to be setting a pattern of deliberately flouting the. law of the land, which clearly states in Section 206 of the Criminal Code that: "Everyone who commits murder shall be sentenced to death." The death penalty is modified by the royal prerogative of mercy which may be exercised by the cabinet on behalf of the Queen when there are extenuating cir- cumstances in any individual case. The law as it now is written does not envisage blanket mercy to unmerciful slaughterers The new "act soft to killers" policy of the cabinet conflicts sharply with the findings of a re- cent parliamentary committee, which advocated the retention of the death penalty but thought that murderers should be punish- ed by the more humane method of the gas chamber or the elec- tric chair,~rather than the hang man's noose LEGAL OPINION VARIES Prime Minister Diefenbaker has strong personal views on the death penalty, dating from his ex- periences as a counsel. He is not assured that a jury will always unerringly arrive at the correct verdict, and he fears that some- times an innocefdt person is ex- ecuted. He also disagrees with the legal definition of insanity. On both these points, Justice Minis- ter Fulton is said to incline to clemency. But in view of the num- ber of innocent persons who get murdered by wrong-doers, those who disagree with the prime minister find it hard to justify the abolition of the deterrent of the death sentence for these rea- sons alone In some countries, distinction is made -- perhaps rightly be- tween premeditated murder and a kiliing committed when "seeing red" in the heat of passion. Un- der French law, for example, the QUEEN'S PARK k I % z jurors, even when certain that the accused did cause death, may bring in a verdict of "not guilty of murder' if they consider that no criminal motives or implica- tions were involved This raises the interpretation of "insanity." Many murders are committed while the killer has temporarily lost mental balance. The yardstick of insanity ac- cepted in our law courts is the century - old M"Naghten Rules. These assert that a plea of in- sanity cannot succeed if, in the opinion of the jury, the accused knew what he was doing and was aware that his act was wicked Many lawyers, including the &rime minister, and all modern psychiatrists, regard these rules as out of date. This thinking be- lieves that a murderer should be excused as insane if he was men- tally incapable of controlling his actions, even though he knew what he was doing and was aware that it was wrong. GALLOWS A DETERRENT? The justification for a murderer to death brutal doctrine of 'an eye for an eye." It must be the belief that the death penaity acts as a de- terrent. This can never be proved but neither can it be disproved. On balance, it surely must be a fact that some citizens 'are saved from being murdered by the de- terrent fear of the gallows Meanwhile, the fact remains that the law of our land today prescribes execution as the pun- ishment for murder If our government does not like this law, it should adopt the hon- orable and democratic course of attempting to persuade our Par- liament to change it, and it should respect and imnlement the existing law until that is done Under our parliamentary tem, laws shouid not be changed in the cabinet council chamber. It was to halt the undemocratic practice of making or changing the laws by order-in-council that the famous Bill of Rights was enacted in England nearly 300 years ago When the former Liberal cab- inet itself stooped to government by order-in-cou:cil, one of the most reasoned critici ms would regularly be heard from that par- liament-loving Opposition Mem- ber John Diefenbaker. It is an unexpected reversal of principie that leads him now to counten- ance this alteration of our Crim- inal Code by order - in - council, when he himself is prime minis- ter sentencing is not the Sys- Language Problem Seen In Ontario By DON O'HEARN Special Correspondent to The Oshawa Times TORONTO There is a grow- ing French-speaking population in Ontario Some municipalities in the north now are almost entirely French. Whole districts are get- ting to be predominantly French- speaking in character And this presents its problems. An incidental one that has offi- cials here puzzled concerns a municipality that has been send ing out its tax bills in French A rate-payer has refused acknowledge them So long as they are in French, he he won't pay them MUNICIPALITY APPEALS And the pealed to the municipal fairs What can it do" Nothing lo says municipality ha department right, There is no Ontario law which provides for the use of French in official documents So in effect the bil'e are illegal. But where does this leave. the municipality? On its tax rolls there probably are a considerable number of people who don't read English TENDER QUESTIONS What here? Nothing, probably, if it can be avoided. 3 If you want to raise tremors to match those at Los Alamos just mention anything concerning either the French or the separate school questions here The questions have histol the bravest from having Fhe Hastings East hyelection in the late 30s was the last time they lly erupted Tender handling has kept tifem will be done about this such bitterness an that flinch cal aura of al politician to tackle them BYGONE DAYS 40 YEARS AGO Oshawa and district schools, churches and amusement places were still closed because of the influenza, H. W. Elliott was chosen to succeed Rev. E. C. Hall as agent of the Ontario County Children's Aid Society. Oshawa, along Lake Ontario, small allotment of coal. Card systems were introduced to in- sure fair distribution, Mrs. Melvin Babcock, wife of Constable Babcock, died of in- fluenza about a week after her husband's death. Three sons sur- vived them W. F. Cowan. prominent Osh- awa citizen, died suddenly at his home at the age of 88. From a beginning "in the business world as a clerk at 10 pounds a year. he rose to the position of presi- dent of the Standard Bank of Canada. The Dominion Government took over the Oshawa Harbor and spent $20,900 in buying land and making substantial improye- ments with other towns received a Curling Club held meeting and elec- president, P. H. Punshon; vice-president, W. A. Coad; secretary treasurer, John Thompson; assistant secretary, A. Kinnear. Oshawa their "annual tion of officers who had School, Calgary. Miss Ella Burnett, been teaching in Mary St accepted a position in W. T. Henry of Oshawa-on-the- Lake was appointed harbormas- ter. PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM Crowded conditions on high- was and streets would be great- ly relieved if only those who had business on them used them. Health hint: Don't eat fried foods in any month the name of which contains the letter "'q". ha October would be an almost perfect month if it didn't pre- cipitate a mess of leaves and evoke a spate of amateur poetry. Algae Problem Stirs Debate TORONTO (CP -- Pepresenta- tiv s of nine counties bordering Lake Erie and Lake Ontario are to meet here Nov. 20 to discuss the algae problem which has plagued lakeshore areas in re- cent summers. The conference, sponsored by the Ontario water resources com- mission, will be attended by com- mission and municipal officials, plus experts in biology, botany, fish, wildlife and public health Counties involved are Haldi- mand, Welland, Lincoln, Went- worth, Halton, Peel, York, On- tario, Northumberland and Dur- ham. Dr. A. E. Berry, general man- ager and chief engineer of the commission will act as chairman of the conference And all parties would be quite content to see them remain this way BITTERNESS INEVITABLE Even a simple amendment making it legal to issue bills in both languages would probably be enough to start a storm. Such an amendment could be innocent enough in its immediate application--innocent and reason- able But almost as certain as taxes themselves there would be groups who would see in it the roots of dire and dismal things And rather than stir emotional bitterness that would result--a bitterness in which In evitably they would be embroiled the politicians will try to leave up the GALLUP POLL OF CANADA Canadians Reveal Poor Opinion Of Mr. Dulles By CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC OPINION Whatever post mortem have been going on in Washington since Tuesday's election, there is little doubt that one of the key men in the present administra- tion, John Foster Dulles, has made little impression on the Canadian people. As Secretary of State for the U.S. through some of the most critical post war years, Mr. Dulles' leader- ship has been such that only about one in ten Canadians will® rank it as "Excellent." Largest proportion of the people know so little about him, or care so little, that they will make no effort to rank his work over the past few years, in any way at all, This is one of the international fssues on which there is a pretty clear-cut difference of opinion between Conservative supporters and the Liberals. Considerably more Tories label Mr. Dulles' leadership as 'Disappointing' than do Liberals. In the same general attitude of mind, more among Liberals rank it as "Ex- cellent" than among Tories. The question was put to Cana- diane as one of a serics of re- ports revealing, as only the Gal- 1» Poll can do, the way average citizens feel about the leadership of such men as President Eisen- hower, Prime Minister Macmil- lan, and Prime Minister Diefen- baker. As part of the study, in- terviewers rang door-bells in a cross-section of the homes of Canada to explain that the Poll was interested in finding out what people think of the way . ! Excellent NATIONAL oe 1190 Maritimes Quebec Ontario The West Looking at the people's reac- ticns in another way, by lining up their reactions .in the main Excellent Conservatives Liberals C.C.F., Others some leaders are carrying out their responsibilities in the criti- cal times. After checking on President Eisenhower's rating, interviewers then asked: "AND WHAT ABOUT JOHN FOSTER DULLES OR HAVEN'T YOU HEARD OF HIM?" The table below shows that MN . Dulles wins highest approv- al in the Maritimes, and lowest in the West, where only half of the national proportion think his work has been "Excellent." Don't Know 39% 40 52 34 32 shows among Fair Disappeinting 32% 18% 2 11 24 9 33 23 36 26 political points of view, the edge Mr. Dulles has Liberals. Don't Know Fair Disappointing 3% 22% 33% 35% 33 35 24 38 World Copyright Reserved PRES SBR 15 30 UNITED KINGDOM OPINION ta hd LA Strong Reaction Seen To Parliamentary TV 0 By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent For The Times LONDON There have been some interesting, although quite unofficial political reactions to the television of the opening of Parliament by Her Majesty the Queen. The bringing of the glor- ious spectacle and i into the homes of millios of British peopie has made a great impact on the public mind. But now ex- perienced political observers and commentators have formed the idea that the government, quite unintentionally, since televising the opening of Parliament had the full approval of the opposi- tion, has scored notable political beat. The speech from the throne read by the Queen was not par- ticularly exciting. It contained nothing that had not, previously been announced by the govern- ment. But the important thing was that millions of British eiec- tors were hearing, for the first time, the government proposals for their welfare and benefit from the lips of their beloved sovereign. IMPACT WAS TERRIFIC It is generally, known by in- formed people that the Queen simply reads the speech prepared for her by the ministers of state. She has nothing to do with its contents. But apparently the an- nouncements made by the Queen, in the speech, have made a great impact on the minds of the mass of not so well informed voters who heard them. The impact was much greater than if they had simply read the speech from the throne in their newspapers the next day. In actual fact, the read- ing of the speech by the Queen has no political significance. The effect, however, of seeing her read it, and hearing her voice making the government pro nouncements, has been rather dif- ferent from what was ever an- Channel Work Advancing Well AMHERSTBURG (CP) -- Ma- rine Operators Company reports work progressing ahead of schedule on their $16,300,000 deepening project in the Am herstburg channel of the Detroit River. "We are about five per cent ahead of target times." said War- ren Larson, project engineer for the company. Scheduled comple- tion date is June 30, 1960. Mr. Larson said drilling aal blasting on the five-mile stretch of channel should be completed by next fall and dredging by about Christmas, 1959. A few months would be required to 'clean up' after the channel is deepened to 27.5 feet. is ticipated. One hears comments starting "The Queen said kd and it wilt still be remembered when the government goes to the country after the present session of Parliament is concluded. ARBITRATION ENDED One of the most controversial actions of any government de- partment in recent times is the decision, announced by Ian Mac- leod, minister of Labor, to end compulsory arbitration in labor disputes. The Trades Union Con- gress has denounced this as a retrograde step in labor relations. Compulsory arbitration of labor disputes was introduced by Ernest Bevin during the first year of the Second World War as part of a bargain with the unions for giving up strikes for the dura- tion of the war. It provided that in a dispute, either the employer or the union could turn the issue over to the Industrial Disputes Tribunal. Both sides were re- quired to accept he tribunal's award. OUT OF DATE In announcing the end of this compulsory arbitration measure, Mr. Macieod said it was now out of date. It was workable, he said, only when both sides were willing to use it, but it no longer carried the assent of most employers. The TUC has protested strong- ly. Its leaders fear there may be more strikes when the system ends. They claim employers can create a deadlock by refusing to take part in voluntary arbitra- tion. bv which a dispute is joint. ly referred to the Industrial Court Mr. Macleod does not agree. He is confident the voluntary system will produce better iabor relations than the old compulsory one. So the system started in 1940 by Bevan as a wartime measure dis- appears this winter. VIEWS QUESTIONED A statement made by His Ex- cellency George A. Drew, High Commissioner for Canada, at a luncheon of the Air League of the British Empire has raised some questions as to its wisdom. Mr. Drew made this statement, which has been assailed in some quar- ters as "extraordinary". "I would hope that the aircraft industry of Britain, Canada and other parts of the Commonwealth may pool their skill in a large measure and co-operate in the de+ velopment of aircraft used by men and women who use autos mobiles today . . . What we need very greatly is the counterpart in the air of the Model T. Ford." Mr. Drew pointed out that sur- face transport is now coming very ciose to a complete stand- still. One commentator in a Lon- don newspaper says "What puzzles me is .why he should think it a good thing to transfer an intolerable nuisance to the air.' IN LEADING ROLE Michael Craig, the talented young Canadian actor, has been given the leading role in a new film which deals with a very, ticklish British problem, the color line. The new film, "Sapphire" is based on the recent race riots in Nottingham and Notting Hill, Some punches are being pulled so that it can not be too closely identified with these two areas or the incidents which occurred in them. But the connection is ob- vious. The film deals with the murder of a colored girl which is being investigated by a racial prejus, diced criminal investigation de; partment officer. Michael Craig. plays the part of the prejudiced" poiiceman. Incidentally, the film! ends with the murderer bein sentenced: to three years impriss' onment. Michael Craig has a very vital role in the film, which is being produced by the Rank or- ganization at its Pinewood Studios, and should greatly ens hance his reputation as a top flight actor. id of PIMPLES ons Get rid of unsightly pimples and boils fast with Dr. Chase's medicated Ointment. It's antiseptic-- soothes as it heals. CHASES Sore 2 Artisoplic onevmen Dial RA Hon. J. Waldo Monteith, M.P, P.C, F.CA. Robert F. Lightfoot, C.A, Monteith, Monteith, Riehl & Co. CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS 135 SIMCOE ST. N. Gordon W. Riehl, C.A. Res. Partner -- RA 5.4478 Licenced Trustees -- AJAX 730 5-3527 A. Brock Monteith, B. Comm,, C.A. George E. Trethwey, C.A. 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