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Two Non-Confidence Motions Beaten By Vote Of Commons | Government Wins Two Divisions On Living Costs i ' Ottawa (CP)--AIll three opposition parties now have moved. motions of non-confidence in the government, each hinging on the cost of living. The three motions have been moved, two yesterday, in the Commons during the tradition- al debate on the address in reply to the speech from the The Progressive Conservative motion -- moved throne. some weeks ago -- and the Social Credit motion are still to be voted on probably some time next week. The Commons yesterday voted 160 to 19 against the CCF motion which ® called for use of ice controls and subsidies to reduce living costs and to "equalize the sacrifices which the people are asked to make at this time." ¥ Only the Social Credit party sup- ported the CCF. The-fnotion was opposed by the Liberals, Progres- sive Conservatives, J. L. Gibson (Ind--Comox-Alberni), P. E. Gag- non (Ind--Chicoutimi) and Dr. R. Poulin (Ind--Beauce). Victor 'Quelch (SC -- Acadia), shortly * after the division, moved the other non-confidence motion, charging the government with "failing" to increase war veterans allowances to keep them in line with the increase in the cost of living. Mr. Quelch supported a ¢anadian Legion request that the basic rate of war veterans allowances be in- creased to $50 from $40 for single veterans and to $10" from $70 for married veterans. Hé was supported by Per - Wright, (CCF--Melfort). The cost of living was also touch- ed on by other speakers in the de- bate. Private Enterprise Hel Key to Global Producti New York--American govern. . ment planners seeking to boost | productivity on a global scale to! counteract Communist aggression should put their chief reliance on private enterprise and private investment. Secondarily, foreign govern- ments must recognise that they have the basic obligation to cre- ate political and economic cli- mates which will attract Ameri- can capital to create or expand the economic base for such pro- ductivity. These are the two high points of the 24-page final declaration of the 38th National Foreign Trade Convention in the opinion of Ed- gar W. Smith, chairman of the declaration committee and vice- president of the General Motors Overseas Corporation. At a formal press conference in the Waldorf-Astoria on Oct. 31, Mr. Smith discussed the dec- laration, made these two evalua- tions and urged that the declara- tion be considered as a whole. Twenty-five thousand copies will go to economic and govern- ment leaders here and abroad, while the declaration will be translated into Spanish for the benefit of the large Latin-Amer- ican trade. CHART FOR 1952 . The declaration itself, ham- mered out in vigorous committee discussion, becomes to all intents and purposes the chart along which the course of the National Foreign Trade Council for 1952 will be set. While recognizing that there are areas in which government to government loans are inescapa- ble, the declaration opposes such loans where they impede private enterprise expansion. Basically the document calls on the United States Government to "make it clear to the American people and to the peoples of for- eign lands, the course our foreign policy will take and the objec- tives it has in view. "There must be no doubt that the preservation or restitution of human freedom is a common goal, and that we are seeking in its. attainment, a common effort and a common dedication." Having thus clarified its con- ception of this political obliga- tion, the declaring' turns to the foreign economic policy concern- ing which it has definite conclu- sions. Government policy and private enterprise: "The first objective of our foreign economic policy must be the maintenance and increase of America's economic potential. This potential can be fully real- ized, and our liberties preserved, only if our government, in the formulation and application of its foreign economic policy, puts its chief reliance upon the re- sources, skills and techniques of private enterprise. The conven- tion calls, therefore, for a forth- right declaration by the govern- ment that it will look to private enterprise for the .accomplish- ment of the purposes our national interests require, and that it will seek to broaden and extend the opportunities available to private enterprise in all fields of interna- tional endeavor." Raw materials: "A further requisite to the full realization of America's economic potential is the increased production abroad, and the continuing availability to American industry, of those raw materials needed to support® our own resources in sustaining our industrial progress. The task of increasing producti is one which can be discharged fully and effectively only by private industry and private endeavor. The . convention urges, therefore, that our foreign economic policy be' directe¢ aggressively toward facilitating the contribution which private in ry can make in in- creasing raw material production in foreign ds, and toward as- suring - die availability of these materials in quantities adequate to our growing requirements in the United States." FORTHRIGHT U.S. ACTION Foreign aid programs: 'Until foreign governments are con- vinced that they will no longer have free access to American public funds, we may well ex- ct that they will refuse to take e steps necessary to attract pri- vate capital. This dilemma, which could be fatal to the whole pro- gram of economic expansion abroad, 'can be resolved only by L. R. Graham Darlington Road Supt. Darlington Township Council met last Friday with the members | all present. Reeve Nichols pre-| sided. The minutes of the last meeting were read from Mrs. H. Mills. The clerk is to reply to Mr. Mitchell's letter re-District High School. Applications were opened for Road Superintendent from W. H. Jones, L. R. Graham, and Howard Millson. E. F. Marston, District Muni- cipal Road Engineer, was present at this time and addressed the Council. Moved by Deputy Reeve Skin- ner, seconded by Councillor Rick- ard, that Council authorize Mr. Marston to procure re-inforcing steel and blue prints for Pickell Bridge. Bills were read and on motion ordered to be paid. Acting Road Superintendent pre- sented reports and vouchers for October which were on motion ac- cepted and vouchers ordered to be paid. On motion of Deputy Reeve Skin- ner and Councillor E. F. G. Vice, L. R. Graham was hired as Road Superintendent at a salary of $2,460.00 per year and that Coun- cil pay Mary Niddery $240.00 for keeping road books. forthright and aggressive action on the part of the United States government in the field of its fundamental foreign economic policy. The convention urges, with all the force at its command, that the government make known im- mediately that, until other coun- tries manifest the receptive and cooperative attitudes called for, they will receive no public funds from the United States for any purpose except those of the most exigent military or humanitarian nature." "In placing chief reliance upon private enterprise for the in- crease of productivity abroad, it is entirely consistent that the gov- ment. should continue to ex- tend limited aid to foreign lands in the field of the public services, embracing broadly such areas as education, health, sanitation and agricultural techniques. '"The convention holds it to be essential, if our foregin economig policy is to serve effectively the purposes it must, that the tremen- dous diplomatic, political aid eco- nomic facilities at the disposal of the United States Government be exerted aggressively-fo the end of giving effect to these intentions. There is urgent need for a com- mon effort in the common cause. Progress towards the goals in view can bé expediated, it is felt, by a vigorous assertion of our leader- ship<in the direction sought. To end, the convention urges that our government exact a quid pro quo for all aid which it extends to foreign = governments, including military ' aid." The declaration marked 19 s| cific recommencations that deal with as limited a problem as ex- port licenses and as broad a situa- tion as embraced in the promotion of foreign trade. Emphasis is laid on the need to boost imports. The variance which exists between government and business concepts of exports is underscored as the declaration opposes "unalterably...the un- economic practice of encouraging exports by government gifts, loans and subsidies." There is no rosy view taken of the over-all, long-term problem involved in boosting productivity and increasing foreign trade. "The task before us is not 'easy, the declaration states but "if our foreign economic policy is dir- ected boldly and .aggressively along the lines proposed, the pur- poses of our foreign policy itself will be met, and the security and well-being of our country and our American way of life best as- sured." OSHAWA THE«DAILY®TIMES-G ZETTE VOL. 10--No. 261 OSHAWA-WHITBY, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1981 PAGE THIRTEEN Thurso, Que. Ravages of War Disturb Peaceful Countryside The surrounding landscape is serene in its pastoral panorama of flowers and grass, gently waving in the late afternoon breeze, But depicted in the focal point of this striking photograph is the shattering impact of war as Canadian stretcher bearers move a wounded comrade along the Korean traih to a medical center. Stretcher bearer at left front is Cpl. J. ig of Montreal, Que., while at right front is Pte. Wilfred Girard of | ~Central Press Canadian. Madison, Wis.--Assistance for the small farmer who toils in a rice paddy in Indo-China, works a few acres of cotton in Burma, or tends sheep in the Andes is plan- ned at a conference of world land tenure experts at the University of | Wisconsin campus here. | These persons are concerned {with the problem of finding out |how more farmers can own land, how they can keep it or use it on (reasonable terms, and how they can make it pay. Some 70 delegates from 40 countries outside the Russian sphere are attending the Confer- orice on World Land Tenure Prob- |lems to learn how to improve the | lot of land-less and poverty-ridden |farmers everywhere, All are ex- perts in their fiéld; many hold high government positions, and others are teachers and research workers. They are discussing the prob- lems of three-fourths of the people of the world--those who work on the land. Many do not own the land they work, and un- told numbers are charged such excessive rents that they have nothing left after the crop/ is har- vested and their debts paid. They have no stake in the land they work, no incentive to do bétter. The conference was set up be- cause the sponsors and the host, the University of Wisconsin, be- lieve that these conditions can be corrected. OTHER SPONSORS Sponsors are the United States Department of Agriculture; the Economic Cooperation Adminis- tration, which brought delegates from Marshall Plan countties; and the 'State Department, which, through "its Four Point adminis: | tration, brought delegates from the Middle East and Latin Amer- ica. Europe, Africa and the Mid- dle East, India and Pakistan, Southeast Asia, the Far East, Central and South America, and the United States are represented. This is not a policy-forming group, but merely a clearing house for exchange of ideas. With their own countries' specific problems in view, delegates are exchanging thoughts and experiences on co- operative movements, land con- solidation procedures, land-tenure surveys, and population resettle- ment. i In seminars and workshops they are studying agricultural statistics, .credit organizations, landlord -° tenant relationships, population problems, and man- agement of public lands. These they regard as peaceful and logi- cal measures for land-tenure im- provements as opposed to the Communists, who make great promises to peasants but in prac- tice operate collective farming with no stake for the individual. Here in the United States they can see at first hand, the practices and results in a nation with a long history of family farm own- ership. They tagged along with some 10,000 Wisconsin farmers on the university farm to learn the latest in hybrid corn research and corn-harvesting methods. VISITORS SURPRISED Later, they visited some of their new found friends on their farms, some of them top producers, some in submarginal or cut-over areas where farming is not easy. What - | amazes the foreign visitor most of all is that a man "wealthy" enough to own an automobile and a 'house with a bathroom, tele- phone, and radio, will drive his own tractor, clean out the barn, or feed the pigs. That a college graduate will work with his hands is the biggest suprise of all. The visitors will go home | of with revised versions of how American farmers live. They have also visited a milk plant, toured a cannery, visited a tractor. works, stopped at in- numerable cheese factories for generous samples of Wisconsin's prize product, and watched a plow- ing match. They are learhing things from other countries, too. Setsuro Hyo- da, secretary of the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, is here to tell how the land-reform pro- gram urged by the Supreme Com- mander, Allied Powers, and set up by the Japanese is a vital step against communism. Mr. Hyoda, World Land Toware Parley Sifts Ways to-Aid Landless Dutch To Observe Poppy Day The people of Holland, as well as those of Canada, will observe Poppy Day on November 11; and much of the proceeds of the sale of the little red flowers on the streets of Amsterdam and the other cities and towns of the Netherlands will go toward the up- keep and beautification of the sur- rounding grounds of the Canadian War Cemeteries. The Netherlands War Graves Committee and its supporters, made up of people of the Nether: lands of all ages and classes, make themselves responsible for the graves of Canadian sqldiers killed in the struggle to liberate Holland. Many of them have adopped indi- vidual graves and make them- selves responsible for their decora- tion and remembrangé. Funds from the Poppy Day col- lection in Holland will also be used to enable the Committee to act as hosts Canadian next-of-kin visiting the .military cemeteries there. From the time they ar- rive in Holland, next-of-kin from Canada are considered guests of the 'Committee for a three-day period. "Information regarding the activi- ties of the Netherlands War Graves Committee can be obtained from John Hogenkamp, the Com- mittee's representative in Canada, at 6277 MacDonald Avenue, Mont- real 29, P.Q. Keen land reform law in 1946, talks with enthusiasm about the dis- tribution of land to the small tenant farmer, who now has be- come an owner-operator. He ex- plained the setting up of demo- cratically elected village councils made up of landlords, tenant farmers, and owner-farmers, to solve land problems on a local level. THAILAND'S STORY Theb Semthiti, chief coopera- tive officer of Thailand, has come halfway around the world to tell about agricultural progress in his country. In contrast to many of its Asiatic neighbors, he reports that eight out of ten farmers in his country own farms of about 10 acres each, an arrangement most suitable to cooperative-type farm- ing. He also outlined Thailand's cooperative farm program now under way through colonization of about 50,000 acres of forest land. The story 'of how the land holdings of the Shah of Iran are being distributed to p t farm- Diamonds Not Good Investment To almost every woman, the dia' mond is the most luxurious of all symbols of love, says a writer in Business Week. That idea has been so strong, in fact, that even the king of gems' name implies it. As a result of both/ derivation and confusion, the word "diamond"' goes back through "French and Latin words whose meanings are "loving" and "to tame." What more could ar man want in an engagement ring than that? COSTLY ITEMS Most people can't afford to buy the kind of digdmond they want-- a flawless, flashing, two-carat stone over which men may have fought and died. But last week they were able to live in this dream world for a short time. In New York, the leading U. 8. dia- mond retailers staged their fourth annual diamond 'fashion show." This exhibit showed between $4,- 000,000 and $5,000,000 worth of the world's finest cut diamonds. It's a good time for it: Diamond sales are flying higher than ever. But since such stones as showed up in this exhibit are away out of reach of anyone except the man with a fortune, the value seems almost meaningless. What most people don't know, however, is that even the value of a diamond they can afford means little, too. The reason for this is that the "real'"' value of a diamond can be cut about five different ways, none of them really visible to the naked eye. Size (carat weight), color, de- gree of flawlessness, fineness of cutting are factors of equal im- portance in determining market value. On the top of that, you have to add retail markup (which aver- ages 58 percent), plus the unpre dictable fluctuations of the dollar, SMALL LOAN VALUE What all this means is this: Don't be fooled by that raisin- sized sparkler on your secretary's finger. Maybe it did cost her boy friend a cool thousand, but, come the day when she needs some fast money, your 'sure thing" will bring her less than half its or- iginal price. That's borne out by the fact that only three percent of total diamond sales are in secondhand stones. In other words, there is more fantasy than fact in the idea that diamonds are a gal's best friend. In a pinch, they'll desert her. As investments, they are the friends of no on who expects from them either a capital gain or a source of income. But they do have a greater recovery value than any- thing else you can buy for per- sonal adornment. And that value will last forever. Diamonds have fascinated man- kind from the time of their dis- covery in India, sometime around 800 B.C. One reason is that even today, with all the advances made in sci ,/man has not yet figured ers on a long-term credit purchase plan is told by Assadollah Alam, chamberlain to the Shah's court. In charge of the Shah's estates, from which countless small land- owners will emerge, he is inter- ested in the problems of small land ownership and is investigat- ing cooperative societies. Marco Anfonio Duran, Mexican agricultural credit expert, has re- lated his experiences in the sale and divisions of the old haciendas and in helping new owners es- tablish themselves. U Ba Thein, assistant director of agriculture in Burma, brings reports of his department's at- tempts to teach farmers to plant cotton in lines or squares, rather than broadcasting it, thus per- mitting cultivation by bullocks or implements, rather than hand. This program, patterned after the United States extension \service, holds demonstrations in lages, at schools, and in the farmers' own fields. Following the sessions at Madi- son, the conference participants will travel by chartered bus on a swing through midwestern, south- ern, and middle Atlantic states to study various types of farming out how nature makes diamonds. Nor has he been able to come even close to duplicating them himself. (Titanium rutiles, supposedly syn- thetic diamonds, are softer, less clear than the real thing.) PURE CARBON Chemically, the diamond is very simple: It-is almost pure carbon which nature has somehow crystal- ized. In other words, it is made of the same thing as coal, the graphite in a lead pencil, and lampblack. But a diamond is harder than any- thing else ever made by man or nature. Originally, the diamond was re- served only for kings and religious idols. Diamonds jeweled ceremon- ial swords, chains of office, scep- tres, cups for the corontation of kings. Never would a woman have dreamed of wearing one of the precidus stones. ; All this was changed, according to the story, by a single individual in the year 1444. A French beauty named Agnes Sorel fell in love with King Charles VII, for whom Joan of Arc had' fought and died. Casting about for some bold way to attract his attention Agnes hit upon the daring idea of wearing and tenure arrangements, "ending | a jewels reserved for ers. who drafted theat Washington. * 1 " Ontario Spotlight OKAY OVERHANGING SIGNS Toronto (CP)--Eight overhanging signs may be allowed to remain on downtown Yonge Street business places after new year's. Civic works committee this week recommended against extension of a Dec. 31 dead- line. But Wednesday the' city's board of control decided to recom- mend to city council that the signs be permitted to stay up umtil the subway is completed in 1953. LIER RR DECIDES WINTER'S HERE Woodstock (CP)--Arnold Hill, better known as "Walking Joe" officially heralded the winter season Wednesday with his ap- pearance in court on his annual vagrancy charge, and the citi- zens of Oxford, dug out their snow shovels and rubbers in, earnest. Walking Joe, who lives « in a tar paper chicken coop for the balmy summer months around Thamesford, pleaded guilty. Magistrate R. Gy Groom fined him $10 and costs or five months at "hard lapor." eo o ® EATON EMPLOYEES VOTE Toronto (CP) --- A vote will be held among about 12,000 Toronto employees of the T. Eaton Co. Ltd. December 3 and 4 to : determine whether théy wish to be represent- ed by Local 1000 of the Department Store Employees' Union (CCL-CIO) as bargaining agent. The vote was ordered by the Ontario Labor Re- lations Board. * + PLAN JOB EVALUATION Malton, Ont. (CP)--Some 6000 production employees of Avro Canada Ltd, will meet Sunday to hear a report from officials of the Machinists' Union (AFL), to have a job evaluation plan r idered by manag It was reported that special machinist rates under the job evaluation would be cut from $1.82 to $1.57 an hour, Today, the diamond has become the standard jewel in the engage- ment ring of almost every woman in western society. Part of this popularity is due to the fact still there are plenty of diamonds still to be mined. But they come from only three main places--India, Brazil, and South Africa. DEBEERS BIGGEST Of these, the South African mines are biggest of all--so big in fact, that DeBeers, Ltd., famed British mining syndicate, which owns them, controls 95 percent of the output of all diamonds in the world. As a result, DeBeers can pretty well control the diamond price by boosting or cutting pro- duction, as the need may be. Yet even if DeBeers had nothing to do with it, diamonds would still be expensive jewels. The first reason for this 'is that_they are difficult to mine--you get so few carats for. your efforts. Most dia- monds are found far below ground, in some cases as far down as 4,000 feet. From this depth you must bring up ton after ton of earth to find one diamond. | the 49-year-old major seen above Wins $150,000 4 Although Major Earl F. Hersey, an army wireless instructor at Camp Borden, Ont., cleaned .up a mere $150,000 when his horse, Fleeting Moment, romped home first in Irish Sweepstake, neither. he nor his family went overboard in celebrat- ing. A native of Fredericton, N.B., will serve for three more years in the army, then retire. However, he intends to realize his ambition of taking his wife on a trip to Italy, where he served in World War II, with portion of his' "pot of gold". --Central Press Canadian. Program's Fame Goes Far Afield y JOHN C. IN C. WYNNE conti FROM THE SIGN. Back in the dark depression years, a quiet, -unassuming pro- fessor at Canada's Assumption College decided to ignore the objec- tions of those who were calling his pet project "visionary" and "wild." For years Father J. Stanley Mur- phy, a Basilian Father, had dream- ed of establishing a cultural Cath- olic Action program 'in the border cities of Detroit and Windsor. Jt was his aim to set up a series which would offer a wide appeal to all men of good will, especially Catholics, in the heavily populat- ed area through a varied list of speakers and. artists. EARLY SUPPORT Armed with a. few streetcar tickets and a. firm belief that it could be accomplished, the young priest set out.one morning to make his dream a reality. That first day "on the road," tackling a list of skeptical prospects brought: him 20 plédges of support. These orig- inal subscribers have increased to over a thousand, assisted by thou- sands of other alert and eager sup- porters who - 'occasionally attend lectures, concerts, and debates by the outstanding platform personali- ties of our day. Bishop Fulton J. Sheen delivered the opening lecture back in 1934 and returned every year to staki the season. '""In 1950 he had to bow out because of his new duties," declared Father Murphy, "and it just didn't seem the same, starting off a,new season without him." First of its kind in America, the Christian Culture' Series is a flour- ishing refutation of the canard that Catholics prefer bingo to baritones, and chance books ty lectures. In the past few years the plan has been copicd in several other cities on both sides of the border with heartening results. Father -Mur- phy accomplishes the myriad de- . tails and intensive preparations of' a difficult assignment without fan- fare or personal publicity. 2 prefers to toperate beh scenes in time stolen from-a busy college schedule. As he "explains the difficulties and setbacks of the early days, you realize that the smiling facade and ready Wit camouflage a strong determination to overcome any obstacle, be it artistic temperament, a last- minute cancelation, or an electfic: power shortage. 20 PROGRAMS Each season Christian Culture Series offers 20 evenings of song and story, discussion and debate; in which the principals may be stars of the Metropolitan Opera or the exiled statesmen of Europe. Climaxing the series is the presen. tation of the Christian Culture: Award, bestowed annually on "some outstanding lay exponent of Christian ideals." The recipients of the award have come from many fields of endeavor, but marked by a singleness of purpose. Each is noted for efforts to preserve the Christian ideal in his life and work. All have achieved a considerable . degree of success in those efforts. Author Sigrid Undset, philosopher Jacues Maritain, journalist Rich- ard Pattee, Philip Murray of the Cd.0., publisher Frank J. Sheed, industrialist Henry Ford LL, blind pianist Paul Doyon, scientist Dr. George S. Sperti, scholar Etienne Gilson, and composer Dr. Arnold M. Walter, have made the medal- ists of the past decade. This year the recipient was historian Chris- topher Dawson, considered by mafily to be the most intellectual English convert since Newman, VARIED IN APPEAL As torchbearer for a compara- tively new approach to Catholic Ac- tion on the cultural level, the series has reached out into every branch of the arts and sciences for its at- tractions. An average season will find performers ranging form the famous Trapp Family to a Spanish dance group, the Vienna Choir Boys, or a scientific discussion, the Metropolitan Opera Ensemble, or the imspired "Macbeth" of Playe:s, Inc., the company organized by Father Gilbert Hartke and Walter Kerr of the Catholic University. While group performances at- tract farge audiences, there has also been a surprisingly large turn- out for the soloists. Singers like Dorothy Maynor, Martha Lipton, Nino Martini, Christopher Lynch, Vivian Della Chiesa, and Conrad Thibault have proved exception- ally popular with audiences and critics alike. Comparative new- comers like Lilly Windsor, Michael O'Duffy, Denis Harbom, and Mar. guerite Gignac, have also won new Lhonors in their concerts. In experiments to develop an apple perfume United States agri- cultural experts use only the skins of apples. 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