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OPINONS DAILY TIMES-CAZETTE EDITORIAL PACE F EATURES The Daily Times-Gazette OBHAWA WHITBY THE OSHAWA TIMES (Established 1871) THE WHITBY GAZETTE & CHRONICLE (Established 1863) dk, Times-Gazette is a member of The Canadian Press, Dall, ly. pap fon, the Ameri- he gon Publi A the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association and the Audif Bureau cf Circulations. The Canadian Press is exclusively entitled to the use for repubiication of all news despatches in the paper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein. All in are also reserved. ry Pa A. R ALLOWAY, P President and Pr T. L. WILSON, Vice-President and Managing Director. M. McINTYRE HOOD, Managing Editor. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carrier in Oshawa, Whitby, Brooklin, Port', Perry, Ajax and Pickering, 30c per week. By mail out- carrier delivery areas anywhere in Canada and Bn land, $7.00 per year; U.5. $9.00 per year. Authorized Second Class Matter, Post Office Department, Save, Canada. DAILY AVERAGE CIRCULATION for MAY 10,585 MONDAY, JUNE 4, 1951 Free Legal Aid We agree wholeheartedly with Russell I. Humphreys, K.C., of this city, in commend- ing the Law Society of Upper Canada for its action in making free legal aid available 'to those requiring it and unable to pay for it. The chief benefit we see in this is that it will give to all persons, rich or poor, at least a semblance of equality before the law. In theory, that equality exists now, but in actual practice it does not work out as the theory intends. It has not been unusual, through the op- eration of our system of law to find worthy litigants frozen out of actions against. large corporations or wealthy individuals by being dragged into extensive court actions which they cannot finance. In some types of actions, individuals with what they felt was a sound case, have been deprived of access to the courts hecause they lacked the financial ability to provide security for costs. The scheme of free legal aid, as drawn' up by the Law Society of Upper Canada, will not en- tirely do away with inequalities before the law, but it will make it possible for needy citizens to have the very best of legal ad- vice on civil matters. So far, this new system applies only to civil actions, and is not available to those charged with criminal offences. We agree with Mr. Humphreys that the plan should be extended to include criminal actions. It is true that in serious criminal cases, if the accused has no funds with which to provide for his defence, the court has the power to direct appointment of a defense counsel. But as Mr. Humphreys pointed out in his recent address to the Kinsmen Club, many accused persons, lacking legal advice, plead guilty because of ignorance of the law, when they might have been acquitted had they been al- lowed the services of a lawyer before their case came into court. It may be that in time this additional phase of free legal advice will be organized and made available. Meanwhile, the legal profession has added to its own stature by giving its support in no uncertain fashion to the Law Society's scheme, Abnormal Building During the month of May more new con- struction contracts were awarded in Canada than during the whole twelve months of 1939. This fact, pointed out in the Maclean Building Reports, Limited, statement of this week, indicates the tremendous strides which have been made by this country since the outbreak of the Second World War. Here are some of the figures which are highly sig- nificant. Construction contract awards for May, 1951, amounted to $192 million. This was an increase of $80 million over the contract awards in the sane month of 1950. Total contracts awarded in the first five months of 1951 amounted to $796 million, as compared with $421 million for the same period of 1950. As compared with 1950, commercial build- ing in 1951 was up $26.5 million; industrial building, up $11.8 million; engineering, up $43.9 million and residential building down $2.2 million. The drop in residential building is not due to any less demand for homes, but due to the stiffened requirements of the National Housing Act and the higher interest rate. Whether this establishes a definite down- ward trend in building of new homes has yet to be proven. \ Of great importance, however, is the tre- mendous, even abnormal, increase in indus- trial and engineering construction. Contracts in thes® fields represent additions to the productive capacity of Canadian industry, al- ready at a high level. They represent poten- tial employment, not merely in the construc- tion of industrial plants, but in its operation after it has been completed. When it is con- sidered that none of these contracts bore any direct relation to defence production, it \ will be seen that Canada's industrial ex- pansion is going on today at a greater rate than ever before. No Big Four Conference We have lost all hope that there will be an early conference of the foreign ministers of Britain, the United States, France and Russia to discuss ways and means of resolv- ing the differences which exist between Rus- sia and the free nations. For nearly three months, the deputy foreign, ministers of these countries have been wrestling with the problem of setting up an agenda for such a conference. In its earlier stages, there was some reason to hope that they would succeed in their planning. Lately, however, progress towards an agreement has 'been completely blocked by the insistence of the Russian delegate, Andrei Gromyko, that Russia have hep own way in setting up the agenda. An agreement was almost reached when Gromyko came along with an insis- tence that the Big Four foreign ministers should discuss the North Atlantic pact and the establishment of United States bases in Europe. Since these two matters only came into existence because of the other points of | disagreement between the nations, it was ob- vious that no useful purpose could be serv- ed in discussing them to the exclusion of other and far more pertinent problems. It has been apparent for some weeks now that the Russians have been using every means possible to reach an agreement on an agenda for a foreign ministers' conference. It seemed simply that Russia did not want to have such a meeting. Now, however, the three mations, France, Britain and the United States, have placed the issue squarely before the top leadership of Russia. They have side- stepped the Paris sessions, and made their plea for a foreign ministers conference direct to the Soviet government. The answer which is made to that plea will indicate clearly whether or not Russia wants to talk over the settlement of differences by peaceful means. Our own opinion is that Russia does not want such a meeting, but of course we may be wrong and we hope we are. Editorial Notes An astronomer says that stars increase in weight as they grow older. In other words, they are endowed with some human charac- teristics. + + + East Germany is taking a peace plebiscite, in which everyone from 16 years up will be allowed to vote. And, as usual, the question on which they will vote is one to which there is only one possible answer. * +» + A report has just been issued showing that forest fire losses in Ontario in 1950 were the lowest for many years. It already looks as if that position will be reversed this year. + + * It is hinted in the United States that hydrogen bomb tests have been held at Eniwetok. Perhaps these hints are for the benef® of the men who rule in Moscow. + $ * The South Koreans felt badly when the Chinese Communists broke through their sector in Korea, but they are having revenge by advancing-farther into North Korea than any others. ® Other Editors' Views e VERY "ROYAL" INDEED (Chicago Daily News) King George of Britain is entertaining his cousin, King Frederik of Denmark. Fred brought with him 60 huge steaks, truly a royal contribution. Maybe the Royal Family of Socialist Britain will relearn the taste of "the Roast Beef of Old Engiand." How those Danish kings have improved their man- ners! Back when they were regular visitors to Britain's shore on piracy bent they were not so considerate. After whipping the Saxons down at the alehouse they usually took over local food supplies. * * + DEVIOUS THINKERS (Port Arthur: News-Chronicle) A public opinion poll in Oanada shows strong opinion against permitting Communists to hold public office, Some wonder how they consistently can take the required oath of office, which includes allegiance. Some of them, hiwever, are ingenious thinkers, ® A Bit of Verse ® A TIME TO TALK When a friend calls to me from the road And slows his horse to a meaning walk, I don't stand still and look around On all the hill's I haven't hoed, And shout from where I am, "What is it?" No, not as there is a time to talk, I thrust my hoe in the mellow ground, Blade-end up and five feet tall, And plod: I go up to the stone wall For a friendly. visit. -- ROBERT FROST, e A Bible Thought e When God is going to dc something wonds °, He begins with a difficulty: and ~n it is going to »e very wonderful, He begins 'vith an impossibility." --Ohild Evange'isu, Magazine. "For with God nothing shall be impossible." (Luke 1:37.) "Can Hardly Fee! It Anymore". --Justus, in The Minneapolis Star. Looking Around The World By M. M. H. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organiza- tion has undertaken research into a most interesting project. The subject is whether it is better to hold international conferences in large cities or in quiet, secluded places. Can bad digestion help cause the wreck of all efforts of Russian and Western allied dele- gates to reach an agreement on the matters under discussion? 1s more work -done at these confer- ences if they are held in seclusion, away from the press and the pub- lic. These are some of the ques- tions into which UNESCO is prob- ing in a project for which research is in the preliminary stages. Some of the early findings are | For instance, it is already | obvious. noted that too many, or too few, | cocktail parties may influence the | results of a conference. Too many patries, a feeling of lassitude, Too few, it | { is said, may prevent the delegates becoming well acquainted with each other. So you take your choice. One of the chief obstacles to har: mony in international conferences | is the language difficulty. A good story is told of one United Nations | meeting at which a Russian dele- gate used the expression "bull in a china shop." gates tuned .in on the word '"china." his feet, demanding why his coun- try had been drawn into the dis- | | cussion, and for the next ten min- | utes the time of the conference | was spent in pacifying him with an explanation of the well-known phrase. One thing is sure. lic, there would be less time oc- | | cupled by propaganda speeches. | has been noted that in the deliber- | ations of the Economic Council of | | Europe, It meeting in Geneva, the on the one hand, create] The Chinese dele- | the English | | translation just in time to hear He jumped to | If sessions are kept closed to the press and pub- | Russian delegate in attendance holds back his propaganda fire. The meetings there are private, has a bearing on the suc- cess of conferences, Recently a conference on adult education was held in Austria, After four days, the delegates were tired, suffering from extreme fatigue. A complaint about their diet was made to the hotel management, and an immedi- ate increase was made in the amount of fruit and vegetables served in the dining room where the delegates ate their meals. At once there was a noticeable change in the attitudes of the delegates, and progress was made. So there are a lot of things which can influence the results of international conferences, and some of them have nothing what- | ever to do with the subjects under | discussion. -... 5 Years Ago The Bay of Quinte Conference of | the United Church held its annual | sessions in St. Andrew's United | Church, Rev. Gordon Maxwell, son of Rev. | F. J. Maxwell of Oshawa, was re- ceived into the Ministry of the | United Church at a special or- dination service. | Col. T. R. Caldwell was elected | president of the Oshawa Supervis- ed Playgrounds Association. Hon. Ian Mackenzie, Minister of National Defence, was guest speak- er at the annual officers' mess din- | ner of the Ontario Regiment. A large delegation appeared be- fore the City Council to protest against a ten per cent cut in relief schedules. Hornchurch, Essex, England (CP) -- Mothers with in. fants ran from their homes fearing an explosion when a small air force plane crash-landed in the | street here. The plane did not ex- plode and the pilot was unhurt. ni ebmirp baa WEST INDIES PLANNER The original plan for the capitol at Washington, D.C. accepted in | 1793, was drawn by Dr, William | | Thornton of the West Indies. . Your standard of What's power sf adequate Protection for the way of life that you enjoy of may be had in the form of a North American Life Retirement Income policy. Thoughtful personal plannin, mean a secure future for you and yours. Without cost or obligation to you, timely suggestions on the subject of your assured income after retirement are available from any North American Life representative. NORTH AMERICAN LIFES and are proud PISTRICT OFFICE, O the future goin, standard of living? ops, will your buying power still be 17a KING ST. EAST REPRESENTATIVES 1 MRS. EVELYN BATEMAN to do to your - en your earning g can \& R. W. WARNICA X Mac's Musings Reports of the illness Of King George VI Have caused great concern Throughout all of the British Commonwealth, Not only because of The important position Which he occupies in The Commonwealth. - But because there is No family so much beloved By hundreds of millions As Britain's royal family Of which he is the head. The King's illness has Brought a warning From his physigians that The strain of his duties Have overtaxed his strength And that his people must Make fewer demands on His time and energy. This brings out the fact That being a king does Not give a life of ease In these troublous days, But shows that official Duties can become so Burdensome as to affect Health and strength. For all of his reign, Started under trying Circumstances when Edward VIII abdicated, Our present monarch has Been under great strain, Brought about by the Unusual condition of his Accession to the throne, The Second World War, And the trying times Through which Britain Has passed since then, Being king is no sinecure, But demands constant Attention to public duty, And leaves no time for Personal and private life, And that is especially True of one who does His duty as faithfully And as unselfishly As does King George VI. KING'S BIRTHDAY SALUTE Ottawa -- (CP, -- Royal 21-gun salutes will be fired at saluting stations across Canada at noon June 4 to mark the official cele- bration of the King's birthday, Army headquarters announced Fri- | day, all military personnel, if and where they can be spared, will be {given the day off, aleasure , . ne you treasure , and older brether . . baby's £o0d grandmother = . The sitte Of beautiful behavior .. + + « On wonderful protection . +++ Ordo it as a favor . . . But usually you may be . And nearly alwa: [i PORTRAITS By James J. Metcalfe - Baby-Sitter IZ SEEMS the baby-sitter has . . .| Become an institution . . a party it presents . .. The only real slution , , . It is the only family way . . . To share in social . Without the least of worry for . . . The litle . And for r may be sister or . . . A wise . A faithful friend, a stranger or ... The + The baby-sitter may get paid sure... uns you can bank .. For that little boy or girl «... Who holds your deep affection. Copr. 1951. Field Enterprises, Ine. All Rights Reserved e Readers Views MORE ABOUT DOGS The Editor, The Times-Gazette: Sir, may I add my opinion to the ones previously expressed re kennel dogs, We, too, are people who have wanted to board our dog or cat while we took a vacation, but have heard such bad reports of the kennels that we stayed home, rather than place our pets in them. The thought occurs,.then, that if we will not place 'our dog in them for two weeks, how do their dogs stand a lifetime of it. In the case of a large kennel in the suburbs, the owner has often been heard to say that she has too many dogs to care for them properly. Then why does she keep $0 many and continue to breed more? Thé remedy seems to be in higher taxation of kennels. The tax on each dog should be raised | steeply after a reasonable number, | say five or ten for the suburbs and | two for the congested part of the | city. We could help the dogs by keeping their birth rate low. A LOVER OF ANIMALS, Oshawa, 'June 2, 1951, SEEK TOURING COUPLE Toronte -- (CP) -- The RCMP Priday night asked for help in| reaching Mr. and Mrs. George El- | dridge of Somerville, Mass. They said they are trying to notify the | couple, believed visiting Ontario | and Quebec, of a death in the fami- ly. The Eldridges are driving a 1946 (Ford Coach) with Massachusetts license number 028779. CRITICIZES POLLUTION Winnipeg--(CP) ~ H. D. Whel. ' lans, president of the greater wine nipeg Fish and Game Association, said here that oil content of ef. fluent from a new oil refinery at East St. Paul should be limited so that oil pollution of the Red River would not exceed 15 parts per million. London--(CP) -- The burglar alarm in the Tower of. London, where some of the world's most fabulous jewels are stored, was accidentally set off when a work- man made a wrong electrical connection. HISTORIC COLONY The . 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