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TUESDAY, MAY 22, 1951 THE DAILY TIMES-GAZETTE PAGE ELEVEN How Paris Became A Capital 4 By ALBERT MOUSSET The story of the 'events that made Paris the capital of France is an exciting one. The celebrations | being planned in all districts of the capital to make its two thou- sand years of existence render topical any recollection of these facts. Strategic considerations drew the attention of the Romans to the small township situated by the Seine, near the junction with the Marne: and the Oise, at the sopt where the river meets the road from Orleans to Beauvais. In this respect the destiny of Paris is no different from that of many other European capitals which originate as posts where the Roman legions found conditions suitable for de- fence works: Vienna, Belgrade, Sofia, etc. | Unfortunately, as 'regards Paris, written documents only tell us of the very early days of the occupa- tion. But what we can say is that her rise in history corresponds with an episode in jhe resistance shown to the invader! The destruction of the bridges over the Seine to para- lyze the atack 'by Labienus, one of Caesar's lieutenants, The aspect and "scale" of the battle which 'put an end to this resistance can be pictured if one imagines the Gauls camped in the present area of Saint-Germain-des-Pres and the Romans in that of Saint-Germain- T'Auxerrois. But the occupation brought tom porary prosperity to the town. At-| tracted by the beauty of the position and its mild climate, its new mast- ers 'erected sumptuous villas in a district with a name that perpet- uates their memory: The "Latin Quarter". In the third century, the threat | of Germanic invasions caused an exouus of the wealthier classes. The houses built by the Romans fell into ruin; their carved masonry was | converted into big stones for the | construction of rough buildings and | a fortified wall. The town resumed | its former area, which covered no | more than eight hectares. | Psychological Revolution | But this period of distress did at Jeast produce as a consequence a | phychological revolution of great | importance. The common danger created a sense. of solidarity in de- | fence between the former occupiers | and the native population. The fusion was complete. A Gallo- | Roman world was born, the social | structure and moral features of | which are the pattern of modeen | Paris. Laws were in both languages | and mixed marriages increased. In | the word, "Frank," now only im- | plied a free man. It lost all ethno- | logical significance, The Frankish conquest went the same way as the Roman conquest. All difference be | tween victors and vanquished, occu- | piers and occupied, disappeared. | But the town had not risen from | §ts ruins nor widened its walls. In| the time of the Merovingians one, could get round them in .a quarter of an hour. For Clovis to make it the capital of his kingdom it had to retain something of his imperial glory. Another and more. determining factor, perhaps, determined its load- ing position. This was of a religious nature, the part played by St. Denis and Ste. Genevieve, who gave the city its first spiritual significance. Thus in turn strategic post resi- dential town, cosmopolitan fortified city and centre of commerce, it was due to the progress of Christianity that Paris entered history as 'a seat of civilization. But it was not until the end of the Middle Ages that it was to become the real capital of France. 2 Its calling soon made it break the bounds of the political chief- town. In a letter of remission dated 1354, one reads, "Paris is a univer- sal fatherland. It is like another Rome" (Parisius est Communis pa- tria, velut altera Roma). And in a letter fron? King Charles VI of March 3rd, 1402: "Our city of Paris, which is the principal town of our kingdom and in which our preceding kings have from very early times been accustomed to make their residence." Paris Set Tone From then on Paris set the tone for the whole of France. Its dep- uties in the States General of the kingdom exercised a preponderant $50 to $1000 PHONE OR VISIT HOUSEHOLD FINANCE HFC specializes in prompt cash loans! Borrow to clean up overdue bills . . . pay taxes . . . home repairs . . . vacation expenses . ., . any good purpose. Cash on Your Signature You do not need endorsers or bank- able security, Select your own repay- ment plan. Up to 24 months torepay. HFC service is fast, friendly, de- pendable. Phone or come in today! MONEY WHEN YOU NEED IT1 HOUSEHOLD FINANCE GARADA'S MOBY RECOM MENDED AND LARGEST CONSUMER PINANCE ORGANIZATION 15 Simcoe St. South, Over Kresge's Phone Oshawe 5.1139 OSHAWA, ONT, Moors 9 10 § or by eppoiniment THERE OUGHT TO BE A LAW By Al =y MOVE IN! MOVE IN, I SAY. STEP 8 LIVELY! PLENTY Jos ROOM ES===o agaly Sur. SHOVIN'OR YOU'LL BE USIN' FOR A LAVALIER, ! TLL MOVE influence. The towns were all the readier to follow the load of the capital, since the latter possessed rights and privileges obtained through the King's presence there. For instance, Senlis and Chartes were to take the fiscal system pre- vailing in Paris as their model. Fish- mongers at Dieppe demanded the same advantages as those of their Paris colleagues. The Lyons rope- | merchants asked for the support of the rope-merchants of the cap- ital to help win success for their corporate demands. The goldsmiths of Tours and the potters of Poitiers stand for their rights according to the professional status of Paris craftsmen, Thus the authority of Paris soon spread to all branches of the eco- nomic and social activity of the country. Unification was brought about under pressure from those concerned themselves, quite apart from any move on the part of the government. The whole of France felt this need; even as far away as Auvergne they tried to imitate what was being done by the banks of the Seine. Th kings of the first dynasty had | preferred the Loire valley to the| Seine. They resided there and sev-| eral rest there in their last sleep. | The Valois, too, hesitated between | the Loire and the Seine, But the rise of Paris, together with its po- sition of political importance, proved such a force of attraction over the whole kingdom that the monarchy was finally established there. But the good people of France had never hesitated a moment. As a demonstration of this, let us quote this exclamation made in 1382, the old records tell us, by a "poor labourer" of "Picardy: "Long Live our mother Paris!" | | and was told: "Oh, that's all right, : [ ° | | : . and Harry Shorten ment permitting freedom of the y e urning epor er mn £ | you can pay for that some other | press and expression to be restrict = | time." {ed. The editors described the pro- ; | | 1} No War Scare In Moscow NEWSMEN HIT NEHRU New Delhi, May 22 (AP) -- The standing committee of the All-In- (This is how Moscow looks to the | did not want a glass of tea in the | Monday adopted a dia Newspaper Editors Conference resolution at- AP's Eddy Gilmore, back in Russia | ;.ort restaurant, I replied that I| tacking Prime Minister Nehru's pro- after eight months in the United States and France. Gilmore has | had no Soviet money in my pockets, | posal for a constitutional amend- | posed amendment as "unwarranted jand uncalled for." 3 | wa & Peterborough, Englatd--(CP) -- Home is where you find it. Robins hatched three eggs in a clothebag hanging on the kitchen door of 'a { house here. T been stationed in Moscow since 1941. This dispatch was supject to the usual Soviet censorship.) By EDDY GILMORE Moscow, May 21 -- (AP) -- Eight months has made a difference in 800-year-old Moscow. The skyline has shot up closer to the heavens. The city is greener and the lights on some streets definitely brighter. The day's burning topic still seems to be soccer. The first question a Russian taxi driver asked me as I returned to the Soviet capital after nearly eight months in the United States and Paris was: "Did you hear today's football score?" The cold war also is a topic. The conference of foreign ministers dep- uties in Paris, American rearma- ment, the Atlantic Alliance, Presi- dent Truman, State Secretary Dean Acheson, the U.S. Congress and the Korean war come in for lively com- ment, But certainly there seems to be no war scare here, or among the few Russians with whom I talked at the Leningrad airport. At the moment, people are mak- ing extensive plans for summer va- cations, Children are looking for- ward the end of the month, when | school closes. | There is keen interest in next | year's Olympic Games, in which the | U.SS.R. will be a big competitor. (It is the first time for the Soviet | Union.) i | Each time one returns to the So- | viet Union, one cannot help be im- | pressed by the age-old kindness of | the Russian people. Customs -offi- cials in Leningrad, were considerate and qu BR "D Why DISPRIN? Because DISPRIN is soluble and substantially neutral. 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