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PAGE TWELVE THE DAILY TIMES-GAZETTE The following interesting article by Mabel O. Forbes was published in the "Directory Journal." WHAT'S IN A NAME? Directory work has a way of making one name-conscious. Cu- riosity finally sent me to the Yale University Library, where I found some very interesting books, but much of the information was far too technical for me. I learned that the first surnames were of several different kinds. "There were descriptive names, such as Armstrong, Fairfax (fairhaired), Dunn (brown), and Cruickshanks (crooked legs). Other names were from the man's occupation, as Taylor, Baker, Bar- ber, Carpenter and the like. The occupational names usually ended in -er, -man, -smith, -ward, or -wright. Then there were those named for conspicous landmarks, as Beach, Birch, Thorn and Stone. Men often were called by their ' official titles until the names be- came fixed as surnames, such as King, Marshall, Bishop, Lord, Prince and Chamberlain, In the Middle Ages, few could read, so taverns used pictures for signs, The taverns were called by such names as "The Lion," "Swan," "Hart" and "Peacock." 'At first in Rome, then later in Britain, the inns became known as "At the Sign of the Lion," "At the Swan," "At the Rose," etc. Then John, who presided at "The Lion," was called "John, at the Lion," and eventually he became John Lyon, and Lyon became the fixed surname of his descendants. A son would inherit his father's name with a "patronymic," which is a syllable or letter placed before or after the father's name to show descent or parentage. Scandinavi- an and English names of Scandi- navian origin often used "son" as a patronymic, as Johnson (son of John), Adamson and Carlson. Mod- ern Swedish names retain the pa- tronymic "son," while Danish and Norwegian names end with "sen," The Norman-French used the pa- tronymic "Fitz""--Fitzhugh (son of Hugh), or Fitzgerald (son of Ge- rald). The Welsh used "Ap" or "Ab" before names, and the Gaelic prefix CROSSWORD - - - By Eugene Sheffer HORIZONTAL . exclamations . aeriform matter . walked with measured step . fondle . tear violently . muse of lyric 47. trap 48. eating utensil 50. form of annuity 52. type of velvet 53. Hebrew high priest 54. cotton fiber knots 55. donkeys dip slightly into water S-shaped worm poetry . conditional stipulation . met again . liked 57. VERTICAL 1. pome 2. Biblical character 3. pottery kiln 4. gridiron 5. three-toed sloths 6. competitive games 7. Persian fairy 8. field of combat 9. reputed seat of King Arthur's .court 10. summe# (Fr.) 11. speck 16. openings 20. listened to 22. nullifies 24. silkworm 25. salt 27. goddess of dawn 28. sister 30. short explo extremely . river in Germany . paradise :2. cénsumed food '3. malt drinks '6. verb forms . Anglo-Saxon money 30, clergyman Answer to yesterday's puzzle. sive sound 31. mimic 32. considerae tions 34. serve scantily 37. relied 39. former Supreme Court Justice Two Members File Protest ministers were getting - preferred treatment in the reprinting of their speechs. Angus MacInnis (CCF--Vancou- ver East) said he had come across a reprint of a speech by Health Ottawa, May 17--(CP)--Two op-| Minister Martin which was printed position members protested in the|on good paper and contained sub- Commons Tuesday that cabinet headings, which normally are bar- red by 'regulations governing prints. G. K. Fraser (PC--Peterborough West) objected to the weekly news summary for the External Affairs Department, circulated outside of Canada, because it contained large excerpts of speeches by government members, including Prime Minister re- St. Laurent and External Affairs Minister Pearson. . That was not what 'the people wanted at a time when taxes were ' skyhigh." PLANE CRASH * West Lorne, May 17--(CP)--Prov- incial Police said late Tuesday WEDNESDAY, MAY. 17, 195 night they were checking a distri¢ fisherman's report that he believe an aircraft had crashed into Lak Erie near this west Elgin coun village. George Branchflower to) police he saw an aircraft flyir cver his fishing nets and a fe moments later heard a loud splas! The plane was no longer in sigh Tomorrow! Never before have we attempted such a sacrifice of garments so early in the season .. . however the fact remains we are cramped for space and MUST dispose of this spring stock to make additional room for incoming merchandise. Make no mistake about it, this is a DOWN-TO- EARTH SACRIFICE so don't fail to be here early tomorrow. Tremendous 42. English novelist 43. eagles 44. oozes was "Mac," "Mc," or "B," for "son of (MacDuff, McCabe, M'Mullin). In Ireland the son was "Mc," (Mc- Donald, son of Donald), and the . drop unclose (poet.) most certain grandsons and his descendants used the prefix "O" (O'Donald, descen- dant of Donald), The Dutch prefixes "Van" and "Van Der" and the French "De" did not refer to parentage or an- cestry, but to the locality where the people lived, as Van Buren (from the town of Buren), Von Ostend (from Ostend), and De Ne- ville (from the city of Neville). "Cock" and "Cox" sometimes was added to English surnames to desig- nate parentage. Simcox was "little Sir," and Wilcox, "little Will." "Kin" after a name implied lineage as Tompkins (family of kin of Tom), and Wilkins (kin of Will). Many of the present surnames are corruptions of the" original names. Various branches of the same family adopted different spellings until now is it hard to recognize the fact that all once were the same name. Here in America, our citizens from Continental lands have brought us a great variety of names. Some of these "are so utterly differ- ent from ours and so hard for us to pronounce, that many of their owners have changed to names which sound more like American names, or they merely may have shortened their names. For in- stance, Greek names often are short- ened. Pappadakis and Pappadimi- tracoupoulus took the first part of their names, Pappas, and Constant- inopoulos and Gerasimopoulos just kept the ending, Poulos. The Pap- pases and Pouloses have become the Smiths and Browns of our American Greeks. The new name may bé a transla- tion of the old, as the Greek Trian- tafyllopoulos (rose) to Rose; Gian- nopoulos, to Johnson. The German Konig becomes King; Weissberg is . Whitehill; Schwartz is Black, and Vogelgesang is Birdsong. Slav immigrants brought names especially hard for our American tongues to negotiate. Polish sur- names' originally differentiated be- tween masculine and feminine forms. The son of the famous ac- tress, Helena Modjeska, was Ralph Modjeski (a notable engineer). In this country the feminine forms of Slav surnames now generally have disappeared. Slav given names also have undergone changes here. Stan- islaw becomes Stanley, Sztefan is Steven, Szeslaw is Chester, Wladis- low is Walter, Piotr is Peter, Mie- lawa is Bertha. One finds similar changes among the names of the other Slavic races in this country The Negroes did not inherit names from their African fore- bears, so often they took their masters' surname, or any of the more usual American names. Their given names sometimes are origin- al, to say the least. In Alabama, near Montgomery there is a tomb- stone to the memory of "Henry Ritter Emma Ritter Dema Ritter Sweet Potato Creamatarter Caro- line Bostwick, daughter of Bob and Suckey Catlen, born. Social Circle, 1843, 'died in Wetumpka, 1852." Poor child, no wonder she didn't live to grow up! Smith is still our most common family name, followed by Johnson, Brown, Williams, Jones, Miller, Davis, Anderson, Wilson and Moore in order, | One in 88 Americans is a Smith, but only a little more than half of these on trace their ancestry to the Brit Isles. Many were Ger- man Schmidts, Scandinavian meds, Czech oovars: Hungarian cses, yrian Hadda Polish Kowalczyks, is en In conclusion, after having spent an evening browsing through only a few of the name-books in the Yale Library, I can only say, tritely "There really is much more in a name than meets the eye!" | MABEL O. FORBES, VERNON DIRECTORIES ES LIMITED Publishers of : CITY DIRECTORIES since 1890 G. R, RICHMOND President and Managing Director | Head Office 29 REBECCA ST., edible green seeds headed frosts facing a glacier direction AHS xe 46. single individuals 47. cut off short 48. mineral spring Average time of solution: 36 minutes. 49. dance step Distributed by King Features Syndicate §1, palm leaf 36 Freedomites Given 3 Years Nelson, B.C., May 17 -- (CP) -- Thirty-six Sons of Freedom Tues- day were sentenced to three years in prison for nude parading. The sentences brought the total to 67 since April 28, when 31 were given three-year sentences on sim- ilar charges. At Grand Forks, another 16 mem- bers of the radical Doukhobor sect drew three-year sentences Tuesday and another 30 were to appear there on udism charges. 7 While the magistrate reeled off the sentences, Freedomites in their | nearby "capital" of Krestova burn- | ed down another home. It was the | 33rd fire-raid in or near Krestova | since the Sons of Freedom started their most recent string of out- | breaks in April. | At Victoria Tuesday night, At-| torney-General Gordon Wismer | said he had asked the R.C.M.P. to supply 20 men to help prevent fur-| ther outbreaks, Up to now, Provin- | cial Police have been handling the situation. | TWO ESCAPED HINEY WHEN YOU NEED IT! $50 + $100 * $500 * $1000 Clear up your money problems now with a cash loan from HFC, Loans made on your own signa- ture . bankable . . without endorsers or security. Up to 24 Months to Repay Choose t he repayment plan that best fits your budget. Check these favorable rates. You'll see why 3 out of 4 choose HOUSEHOLD for prompt cash loans, Amount of Loan No. of Monthly * Months Payment $101.68 $214.79 $490.46 $700.58 6 $18.00 12 $20.00 18 $32.00 24 $36.00 Brantford, May 17--(CP)-- Two | LOANS FOR ANY GOOD PURPOSE | Phone or stop in today! men, believed members of the Hamilton Flying Club, escaped ser- | ious injury Tuesday when their | light aircraft crashed into the] Grand River, 15 miles east of here. The men were taken from the Sub- merged plane. They were believed suffering only a severe shaking up, cuts and bruises, The aircraft struck power lines before plunging into the river, police said. Classified ads are sure to pay, Phone 35 with yours today. 15 Over Kres, Simcoe Street South ge's Phone Oshawa 3601, OSHAWA, ONT. Hours 9 to 5 or by appointment Loans made fo residents of nearby towns VING THE PUBLIC SINCE 1878 The greatest improvement in WAXES inYears | CONTAINS CARNAUBA FOR GLOSSIER (Kel [cL EW. V4] [c] SHEEN Now you can enjoy the pleas- : ure of coating your linoleum and painted floors with a really superior wax --a wax with a long and shiny life -- Lin-X Anti-Slip Self-Polishing A NTI-SLIP SELF-POLISHING Wax. Lin-X contains Carnauba -- the world's most valuable natural 'wax. That's why it wears better, shines brighter, gives such water-resistant protection. Lin-X Anti-Slip Self-Polishing Wax is now at your neighbourhood store. Order it today. LX-56 CLIP THIS COUPON Lin-X Home Brighteners Division, P. O. Box 489, Montreal, Que. Please send me a generous free box of Lin-X Kleaner. Name. FOR FREE SAMPLE Address Cir... HAMILTON, ONTARIO Province... bcs enmsessssnn sass rss eee ee 'Reg. to $29.95 Regular to $49.50 $3500 savings in all departments! Don't Miss Out on these Terrific Values! 7 Clearance of DRESSES! We've gathered together quite a number of our regular stock of better dresses and repriced them all to a rock bottom low for quick clearance! These include wools and crepes in plain patterns, also prints . . . But what a bargain they are. Come early for these! Regular values to $35.00. OUT THEY GO! IN THREE PRICE GROUPS ! 55.56%. gs sale of Spring Goats ! This broken lot of Spring Coats includes wool fleece, corded, kasha, twills, charmaine and gabardine, in all shades and sizes but not in any one style. Box and fitted styles. Buy for now or future wear. low prices im.... . Look at terrific Wy, FOUR CLEAROUT GROUPS! $19.95 Reg. 10 $39.50 $99.00 Regular to $59.50 $39.00 Clearance of Shorty Coats! We've tak2n our entire stock of Shorty Coats and Blazers and re-priced them in 3 low groups. All shades are included in the groups in box and fitted styles. regular from $22.95 to $39.50 . . . however, we intend to clear them out quickly -- so come in and take your choice. Out they goat. ... $15.00 + $19.95 + $25.00 Thesc sold e NO REFUNDS ® NO EXCHANGES © ALTERATIONS EXTRA 72 SIMCOE ST. NORTH