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PAGE TWENTY. ' THE DAILY. TI MES-GAZETTE TUESDAY, DECEMBER 21, 194 You've A Date With A Jet Plane In 1956 Say Engineers (By Richard P. Cooke and Joseph W. Taylor in the Wall Street Journal.) The practical men of aviation who get paid for dreaming are planning to give you a ride in a strange-looking airliner, built as cheaply as today's planes but travelling perhaps twice as high and about twice as fast. They want to take you from Los Angeles to New York in less than five hours, and on to London in six or seven. * It's a date for 1956--if they can make it, p It wit take a co-ordinated effort. Engineers at such plants as Boeing, North American or eed must work with military appropriations and military airmen to achieve safe 500-mile-an-hour plus jet flights, Tests of new craft at military bases ike California's Muroc Dry Lake, ®oint Mugu and. Inyokern are just as important as the work in draft- ing rooms and on production floors. For it's no secret that private eapital no longer can risk the mil- lions needed to create the first of the brand-new transports. Before the air traveller gets his first commercial jet ride in eight or ten years there's many an ar- gument to be settled: Will it be safe to fly people at 40,000 feet? Can airline traffic control handle the special problems around air- ports created by fast-moving jets? Will wings be straight as in today's planes, or will they be swept back like arrowheads, with slots and flaps to slow them down? And will the jet engine turn a propeller or use pure "thrust" as today's jet fighters do? * + * The air traffic control prob- lem, is admittedly a tough one: At Point Magu, 50 miles up the California coast from Los Angeles, the Navy is pushing development of a $30 million base for testing guided missiles. Point Magu, which meant "landing place" to the Indians, might today be called "launching place." Some 2,200 military and civilian personnel are busy sending up "birds" (guid- ed missiles) seeking to control their flight by radar and radio, and tracking their course by elec- tronic detectives. Technicians work Side by side with Navy men. Queer names such as Lark, Loon, Bat and Gorgon are common-places of con- versation, .together with other names, still on the military secret list. The tests,' too, are secret, but it's known that good progress is being made on short range mis- . sles. What these technicians learn will someday be applied to a jet airplane approaching New York International Airport at perhaps 550 miles an hour, seven miles above the earth. The plane will be guided to the airstrip without delay for weather or traffic and landed with much less human control than today's pilot is ac- customed to, These electronic controls must be perfected because the jet plane might not be able to respond quickly enough to radio instruc- tions by voice, as today's planes are handled. And since jet planes will have fuel reserves too small to permit much circling of a field in bad weather, it's imperative that a landing be made quickly. Ln BR J Urgency of the traffic contfol problem is - summarized by two leading technicians: "The human nervous system (meaning the pilot) just can't re- act quickly enough," says one. "Jets will come in so fast that they may have to have special fields of, their own, not mixing with today's planes which have a top speed of only about 300 miles an hour," says the other. * bb These operational hazards, which airlines must solve if pas- sengers are to fly with safety and confidence, may mean that pro- ponents of "turbo-prop" planes will win an initial argument with designers favoring propellerless craft, Most airline men think the turbo-prop will be a better "transition" plane than the pure jet since it will only increase speeds to between 400 and 450 miles an hour from todays 200 to 300, whereas the pure jet might provide 500 to 550 miles an hour velocities. The turbo-prop engine shoots a jet of gas through a series of turbine wheels, 'which turn like a windmill. They revolve a cen- tral shaft, which spins the pro- peller. The British are nearing production of a turbo-prop plane. The big new Consolidated Vultee flying boat is slated to use turbo- prop engines and so is the Boeing XB-52 bomber and probably a later model, the XB-55. "Speed of commercial craft has each year increased an average of about eight miles an hour, dur- ing the lifetime of commercial aviation, That's only a little more than half the speed progress of military . planes," says a leading airline engineer. "It's just com- con sense to jump to a 400-to-450 milés an hour range first, and try to fit into our operational pattern, rather than leaping to over 500 miles an hour in one jump" he thinks. But proponents of pure jet such as Hall Hibbard and Kelly John- son of Lockheed argue that pro- pellers won't be necessary. These experts say there have been thousands of hours of flight test- ing of pure jet planes, whereas the turbo-prop is largely a test- block engine, and has actually flown only a few hours. * +b What happens to airplanes up in the frigid regions of 40,000 feet will also take a lot of learning. Boeing Airplane Co. has probably done more real high altitude fly- ing than any other organization, perhaps as much as the Air Force itself, and it has disclosed some of the oddities aloft: Tempera- tures may drop below minus 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Grease and oil solidify, and moving parts don't move; control cables, which actuate flaps and rudder mechanisms may literally "freeze." Electric gen- erators act queerly and won't de- liver their proper current; moisture may condense in troublesome places as planes descend from 40,- 000 feet up, short-circuiting wires. Even more troublesome phe- nomena are hinted at by other engirfeers: electrical particles fly off, confounding electronic gad- gets; extreme differences of tem- perature inside and outside win- Elgin Marbles Back At British Museum: Stones carved 23 centuries ago and formis being brought from their wartime in London, where, after they have time. Above is shown the famous Athena, rmin part of the frieze of the me in a London underground ous Greek Parthenon at Athens, are y tunnel, back to the British Museum : washed, they will be on general view to the public in six months' centre slab of the east frieze of the Parthenon. It features the Goddess dows crack even very tough glass or plastic. Such extreme altitudes demand a specially pressurized Humans can't function well over 12,000 to 15,000 feet without spe- cial protection, and in today's pressurized planes the cabin is kept at the equivalent of 6,000 to 8,000 feet even if the plane flies at 20,- 000 feet or so. If there were a failure of the pressure system in a' presnt-day plan the pilot could dip to a safe altitude before much damage was done passengers or crew. But if something went wrong at 40,000 feet, emergency oxygen would be needed to prevent everybody "placking out." Airlines will' be cautious about risking passengers. Emergency oxygen supply is not too difficult, but it might dismay travellers to know that they might have to reach for an oxygen mask. Yet it will be essential for a jet cabin, ot PLAYED NO PART JAcre, Israel, Dec. 21-- (Reuters) Nathan Friedman-Yellin, chief the Stern gang, solemnly swore at his trial here Monday that he played no part in the assassina- tion of Count Folke Bernadotte, United Nations Palestine mediator, "Under oath I declare I never took part in. the decision to kill Berna- dotte," he told an Isrieli military court trying: him on charges of belonging to the outlawed Stern gang. FUNERAL TUESDAY Kingston, Dec. 21--(CP) -- The funeral of Mrs. Florence McKay Davies, wife of Senator W. Rupert Davies, will be held at the Davies home, Calderwood, in Kingston at 8 p.m. Tuesday. Burial will be at Farringdon Cemetery,' Brantford, Thursday afternoon. Mrs. Davies died early Monday after a long ill- ness. Her husband is editor and publisher of The Kingston Whig- Standard and former president of The Canadian Press. 'I'm Fine Now' Says 'Hermit' Vancouver, - Dec. 21--(CP)--Ala- dino Fanini's fourth day of "siege" in his Union Street home here found him well supplied Monday with food and fuel and all set for his voluntary six-month's imprison- ment, The 46-year-old man chose to stay inside his home last Friday when police applied the anti-boot- 8 padlock law to his three-room All five doors are locked and are to remain so under the liquor law, but friends helped him get one of the rear windows opened Sunday and handed him supplies of fuel and food. "I'm fine now," he told friends who gathered at his window. "I have lots to eat and keep me warm. Money is going to be a problem. I can't do much work locked gip in here," he said, Fanini says if he steps outside the house police will enter and nail down doors and windows. He would then be homeless until the "sentence" terminates next June. TECHNICIAN DIES Montreal, Dec. 21--(CP)--Russell Copeman, 57, president of Proyin- cial Laboratories, Ltd.,.and one of Canada's foremost dental techni- cians, died here Sunday after a brief illness. He was known throughout Canada and the United States and had lectured in larger cities of both countries on new techniques for dental appliances and plastic surgery. MINIATURE FARM Vancouver -- (CP) -- George Greenwood drew laughs from his friends when he planted potatoes in |: a small box in his home here. But they had to agree the experiment paid off when he harvested a small crop of normal, healthy tubers. 12 PASS CLOSED Seattle, Dec. 21--(CP) -- Storms relaxed their grip on the Pacific northwest Monday, but surface and air travel still was curtailed and one 'Washington mountain pass remain- ed closed. Two week-end deaths were attributed to the wintry wea- ther. SLAVE LABOR ! Washington, Dec. 21--(AP) --{ House of Representatives lab& sub-comupittee reported Monda) that it has "good reason to sus pect" Russia has moved "many thousands of slave laborers" to the Siberian coast within 100 miles of Alaska, You re Inited | To Join In The CAROL SINGING LIMITED & Tomorrow Morning : : (AT 8.30 A.M.) When the Choir from St. George's Anglican Church will lead in the § CAROL SINGING OF CHRISTMAS SONGS 3 plane to move at high altitudes zg where the rarified atmosphere of- |# fers less resistance. Getting down from 40,000 feet and slowing up for a landing also pose problems for the designer. NAMED AFTER QUEEN The name Maryland was given to the eighth smallest state in the U.S. in honor of the wife of Charles I, Queen Henrietta Maria of Eng- land. Cd ~"Here's how to avoid the rush of Long Distance Christmas Calls" To be sure of reaching faraway friends with a minimum of delay -- Call BEFORE Christmas Eve or AFTER Christmas 0 7 den Secor : 94 ' EASY TO ROLL--DELIGHTFUL TO SMOKE 'Il SIMCOE ST. S. PHONE 73 HERE SAVE! x SHEER Substandards. 45 ALL-WOOL GLOVES Small, Medium and La PURE ANGORA WOOL GLOVES $1.50 uP NYLON Sizes 9 to 10%. I LOVELY SLIPS gauge. TOM-GIRL FLANNELETTE PYJAMAS Reg. $3.98. $3.50 rge. SPECIAL! HOUSECOATS Sizes 32 and 38, $2.79 4 TURTLENECK PULLOVERS 16 to 20. $3.98 AN CAT- NAPPERS PYJAMAS Regular $5.98. $4.98 PSY, 4 Wonderful array. $8.98 10 $18.95 = a, ENCIL SEAMS ? PHANTOM 45 to 54 ga! tion ee "SLIPS White and Black only. uge. Good selec UMBRELLAS Plaids and Plain. $2.98 +o $7.95 DURINGonCHRISTMAS GIFT SALE! CALF HANDBAGS Regular $19.95. 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