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8 THE TIMES-GAZETTE Saturday, August 17, 1946 Canadian's Diary Aids War Trial Prosecution Wing Commander L. J. Bir- chall, "Savior of Cey- lon", Kept Record of Japanese Prison Tortures | larly Ottawa, Aug. 17 --~ (CP) -- The diary of one of Canada's noted fighting men on the Second Creat 'War is one of the factors in the compilation of ainst ag Ja who. tortured Canadian ys It is the Slary of Wing. Cmdr. Leonard J, Birchall, O.BE, DF.C., "Savior of Ceylon," Who, With sur- thoroughness, history of ev became Japanese prisoners. A native of St, Catharines, Ont., frchall was shot down over the Indian Ocean and taken prisoner after sending Back the warning that ' & Japanese fleet was approaching . The warning led to a re- of the attempt, Birchall now back in Canada. His contribution was made known by the R.C.AF. in its report of Canada's efforts to track down the torturers of her men. In Ottawa, the Canadian War Crimes Investigation Section at Na- tional Defence Headquarters, under Lt. Col. M. J. Griffin of Vancouver, sorts out the evidence, and adds the written testimony of former prison- ers now in Canada. Liaison with the Air Force is maintained through an officer who insures that atroci- ties against R.C.AF. personnel re- ceive appropriate attention. Saved Half of Diary The Birchall diary consisted of several flimsy-papered books, only half of which he was able to get out of Japan. During the war he kept the books hidden in a false- backed box and smuggled part of it from place to place in a pillow. Half the diary was lost in a bombard- ment by an American fleet. Birchall suffered all the usual hardships including sentence to a "discipline" camp where life was made particularly miserable in an effort to crush the spirits of officers whom the Japenese found particu- unmanageable. One of his camps was that at which the United States fliers who first bombed Tokyo were imprison- ed. Birchall saw at least one of them tortured and heard of the deaths of others, Hé was camped outside Tokyo during the burning and bombing of that city. Progress reports list names of men and places: that will ring a familiar, if painful, note to many repatriated Canadians from the Far Eastern war theatre. One reads: "Captain Einichi Son~ ia, formerly of Cycle Camp in Bat- avia, Java, is in custody facing charges for mistreatment of prison- ers of war and civilians," and, "Cap- tain Kantara Tanaka of Makasura Camp in Batavia, Java, is awaiting trial on charges of brutality and neglect." ; Other names and places include Sgt. Major Masao Mori of camps in Bandoeng, Java, and on Ambon Island in the Moluccas; Lieut. Col. Bano of Medan Camp, Sumatra, who is awaiting trial on charges 'relating to the "Notorious camp on the Burma railway." . Bantin also told of Japanese surgeons who cut out chunks of in- fected flesh from prisoners' arms and legs without administering anaesthetics, Fit. Lt. William Lockwood of Renfrew, Ont, Sgt, Clarence Alt ken of Vancouver, F. O. Donald Hanna of Montreal and Fit. Lt. Lawrence Montgomery of Lachine, Que., described intolerable living conditions with food of such poor quality and meagre rations that to keep alive was a real achievement. Affidavits Sufficient In a few cases transportation is arranged for a serviceman or civil- fan to the East where the trials or investigations are being held. But more often affidavits or "desposi- CLASS of All Kinds . . . .. GLAZING alco drt Glass SASH CALLED FOR AND DELIVERED 141 Alexander Blvd. Phone 1237M DELIVERY IN PHONE 102 NEW ADDING MACHINES Several models to choose from, both hand and electric operated FIVE DAYS OSHAWA Citizens of the ~ SOUTHEAST SECTION Monday Is Your SALVAGE DAY PLEASE HAVE YOUR SALVAGE ON THE CURB BY 8 A.M. OSHAWA SALVAGE BOARD OiL HEATING Do Not Hesitate--Order Your Auto- matic Oil Burner Immediately. For Installation Before the Heating Sea- son Begins. In Most Cases Your Present Heating Unit Can Be Converted to Oil Heating. Phone For Information A Check-up of Your Heating System. No Obligation. W. L. BORROWDALE PHONE 3575w12 4 This is a recent ficent Luxembourg Pi Vit) Molotsv Addresses U.N. at Historic Peace Conference view of the conference chamber in magni- | the epoch-making conference the world hopes will bring lasting peace. , Paris, where the United Nations are holding | In the FRONT ROW are U.S. delegates. Molotov has the floor, tions" are sufficient. A check on all sources of evidence requires af- fidavits be obtained from all parts of the world. Descriptions of beatings by Jap- anese guards are numerous in the despositions, Fit, Sgt. L. Voynich of Montreal described the nervous tension under which prisoners at his camp lived daily due to the cruelty of a camp guard named Captain Sone. Sone, according to Voynich, stoned and struck without provocation any prisoner he met while walking through the camp. Voynich also described an in- stance when a ring of guards was formed around a prisoner charged with theft. The victim was beaten until unconscious. Then cold water was thrown on him and he was beaten again until he died, Long trenches, 'presumably air raid shelters," were built at the prison camp of Fit. Sgt. W. F, Ban- tin, still in the R.C.AF, in Canada. "They had long trap doors at the ends made of logs which could be secured from the outside," his affi- davit reads. "These (trenches) were never used in a raid but the whole camp was warned that when a certain signal was given every man in camp was to proceed on the double into the pits with one blanket. We found out after the Jap capitulation that these were our graves. At the first sign of invasion of Japan, we were to be assembled in the shelters and gassed through a small vent at the bings instead of invasion land- ings altered their plans." ---------------- With Canada's Naturalists (By The Canadian Press) Toronto, Aug. 17.--(CP)--One in every 10,000 human births is an al- bino. Albinism--the absence of col- or due to pigment deficiencies--is more common among animals and plants and is considered by primi- tive peoples as evidence of super- natural powers, White deer were regarded as spirits by North American Indians and were never shot and the white elephant is venerated by the Sia- mese, There are still remote settle- ments in the Southern United States where presence of an albino is regarded as a certain harbinger | of good luck for the year's harvest. At the Montana National Bison Range an albino buffalo bull is one of the most popular attractions, and albino sparrows are fairly common. Crows, ravens, vultures and black- birds with all .or some white fea- thers are frequently reported, but birds with more colorful plumage, especially the reds and yellows, show albinism more rarely, While albinism occurs in plants, the condition is generally fatal as the green pigment of chlorophyll contains organic matter on which the plant's life depends. An appar- ent exception is the Indian pipe, but that ghostly white flower is not an albino growth as it requires no chlorophyll, taking its food from other organic matter, Whether you .call him "chippy," DING e tho SHAEDIE sparrow i Ryd pping sparrow is a pil- lar of bird society and one of 'he gardener's best friends. About 98 per cent of his diet is composed of harmful insects and he specializes in three species of caterpillars that infest cabbages. Other unattractive customers who 'whet Chippy's appetite are the grub that feeds on beet leaves and the pea louse, which may well re- gard him as its worst enemy. Chippy is about 5% inches long, has a brown back streaked with darker shades of the same color, checks and underparts of grey and ® bright brown head with a reddish glow. That pound of codfish you pick- ed up at the corner store weights 1.000 pounds as far as the scientists are concerned, J. Arthur Thompson, Aberdeen naturalist, estimates that it took the cod 10 pounds of whelk to build up that pound, and each pound of whelk was created by the consump- tion of 10 pounds of sea worms. Bach 'pound of sea worms owed its (or their) existence to a diet of 10 pounds of sea-dust, which presum- 'aby just accumulated in odd .corn-- ers of the ocean floor and requir- ed no nourishment. All of which means that your pound of codfish started out as 1,- 000 pounds .of sea-dust, defined by Mr, Thompson as "minute organ- isms and organic particles." Sheffield, England -- (CP)-- Nearly all the huts on disused #ck- ack sites around Sheffied have been taken over by 100 families of "squatters." ET PORE OK OWL UT Xr ks A 3p. The suddenness of the atomic | and m! 'French or Spanish, depending on CATCHY RHYTHMS OF CALYPS0 SONG HEARD IN CANADA CBC Featureg Originator of "Rum and Coca" Series By FRANK' HINDS (Canadian Press Staff Writer) Lord Caresser, origimtitor ofsthe calypso hit "Rum and Coca Cola," is featured in a weekly Monday- night CBC program of West Indian folk songs, The 35-year-old Trini- dadian, whose real name is Rufus Callender, is heard in the West In- dies on the CBC's international ser- vice and throughout Canada on a program originating in Montreal. Top-flight American entertain- ers, such as the Andrews Sisters, Ella Fitzgerald and Mildred Bailey, have introduced the radio and juke- box audience to the Calypso song but Lord Caresser is the real thing --a Port of Spain native expert in the 300-year-old art. An almost unique musical pheno- menon, the calypso song is acome bination newspaper, -gossip sheet singing commercial in the West Indies, Its subjects range from the latest scandal to trenchant political commentary and worldly wise ad- vice to the love lorn, It was probably the first singing commercial: Shopkeepers vied for mention in the songs of the better- known artists and usually received ttention--for a consideration. In the event of non-payment, the sing=- ers frequently started island-wide feuds with songs featuring unmen- tionable reference to the sponsor's product. The calypso song is characterized by its bouncy rhythm--an unihibi- ted near-relation to the Cuban rumba and the Brazilian samba with African overtones--and by the itricate lyric improvisations which are the pride of the true West Ine dian artist, Original calypsos have expanded through the years to sa- ga length in the manner of some European folk songs. Calypsos also are ear-catching because of the high-pitched tones of West Indian speech and the nov. el accent of the West Indian who has his own version of English, the island language. The peak of the calypso "singer's , year is carnival time--six weeks be- | § fore Easter--when calypso contests are held throughout the islands and a Calypso King is crowned annually, The air waves will sound like the outside of a monster sideshow at |B the county fair for the next two months as the big networks give the customers a preview of what to ex- pect in the way of radio enter- . tainment during the winter. In two 1%-hour shows on suc- cessive Sundays Columbia will put a galaxy of their top-ranking stars on display Sept. 22 and 29. An even bigger splash will be made by NBC Oct. 13 and 14 when a total of 3% hours will be given over to a similar promotion scheme. Variety, the trade paper of the entertainment world, estimates that the two networks are spending about $1,000,000 between them on the advertising stunt, FIFTH-COLUMN FISHERMEN Many Japanese pearl fishers off Austraia were interred during the |y Second Great War. SALES and SERVICE ® Washers © Ironers ® Cleaners Etc. Jock BIDDULPH 68 Simcoe N. Phone 3800W "Look for the store with the yellow front" . FIND REMAINS OF LOST CITY Relics Believed Those of Fabled City of 50,000 Years Ago New Delhi, Aug 17--(CP)--Ar- chaeological finds, believed to be the relics of a civilization which flourished 50,000 years ago, have been discovered in the Narbada Valley in Gujrat and Central In- dia, as a result of excavations con- ducted by the state authorities of Rajpipla. These remarkable discov- eries include the remains of an entire city at Meheswar in Indore | State, This lost city is believed to be the fabled city of Mahismati, capital of the Narbada Kingdom mentioned in ancient Indian epics. Antiquities such as pottery, terra- cotta. objects, beads, and brick structures found on the surface of the mounds throughout suggest that these sites were deserted during pre-historic times and were never occupied again. In addition, punch- marked coins, stone inscriptions and copper plates found at early histor- ic sites have thrown new light on home hiterto unknown dynasties. These relate to a culture which ex- isted from the early centuries of the Christian era down to the me- dieval period. Mohenjo-Daro, another interest- ing relic of the pre-historic period, was discovered some years ago in Sind. It bears testimony to the fact that India knew the art of town- planning much before the West re« vived it. It had a number of wide streets, lined on either A side with buildings, some of them two stor- eys high, Burnt bricks were used for building houses, all of which had kitchens and a bath. The sewage system was well-planned, consist~ ing of brick-lined covered drains for the streets. Into them flowed drains from the houses, forming a complete network. Fashion had its pace too. Women used rouge and were fond of bedeck- ing themsevgs with ornaments. Necklaces, head-bands, earrings, nose ornaments, bangles, bracelets and finger rings--Mohenjo-Daro had all these, Embroidery was not unknown. Hand-spun and hand. woven cotton cloth was used, Men usually kept well-trimmed, short beards, but there were other styles too, Razors were in use and the exe cavations have revealed four differ- ent kinds. Music, dancing and the allied arts were known to the people of the In. dus Valley. So were games, which have come down to us through the ages. Some well-made marbles and dice are among the Mohenjo-Daro collections. The people of these ancient citi~ es were evidently non-vegetarians, fish, mutton, and turtles being part of their daily food. 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