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LY THE OSHAWA DAILY TIMES, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 22, 1931 1 SONAL HINTS FOR THE AMATEUR HORTICULTURALIST ¢ MAKING A FINE LAWN B. Spencer, B.S.A., Director, flo Horticultural Association. Fhatever planting onue may do it the home the effect will not 'Satisfactory unless a good lawn rovided for. A spotted front | 'with small flower beds and gidual shrubs, even though gd with some notion of uni- nity is no longer a popular d of treating the ground rnnts the residence. en addressing the Ontario ultural Association Conveun- a few weeks ago the Rev, Dr. of Perth, the veteran ex- dent of the Association rec- nded for the front yard of me the open centre, shrubs perennials planted in groups, voidance of straight lings and pision for careful handling of "plants. Dr. Scott emphasizes jmportance of a clear open 3 "covered. except for neces- "Wary walks with luxuriant. but ; 1 kept grass. eating the subject of the lawn in his book "Beautify- the Home Grounds of Canada" author M. H. Howitt, makes observation that a practically oken stretch of land whether large or small is the setting or | nd work for the placing of all trees. shrubs and perennial jtings. Even in thé farm gar- §. Mr. Howitt stated, panels of are used most effectively in of the best work. Nor is the | a | level at all necessary for @ lawn. 'The flowing undula- of the average natural slope level may well be retained, and the most pronounced changes devel altered, Bumpiness should be avoided for the sake of up- keep. and a happy medium be- 'tween levelness and nature arrived af. As the lawn is a more or less manent factor much "depends a proper beginning. - # 1 A Fl i © Unfortunately in too many cases ki tne soil that one finds about the "House consists of that excavated | "for the basemnet, and, is gener- { pound each. kd = i TERI TENE pr A re ay poor and unsuitable for good . If the soil is very poor in respect, it may be advisable remove four or five inches of | p and bring in a good class of il which should be enriched with ell rotted yard manure or if this (mot available a general fertil- @8r, such as scedsmen usually '¥ecommend. A very good mixture may be made up of nitrate of soda "one-half pound and sulphate of potash one-half pound, and super-! "phosphate and ground hone, one This: quantity well is sufficient for one hun- square feet of surface. In , doing the grading care should be taken to see that there are uo depressions left on the lawn that will hold water, and that the moisture will flow away from the foundation wall of the house, The soil should be well compacted and rolled and lightly raked in prepar- ation for sowing the seed. The usual lawn grass mixture sold by leading seed firms is gen- erally satisfactory, A very good mixture, however, may be made of Kentucky Blue grass and White Dutch clover at the rate of thirty five pounds of the former to one of the latter. One ounce of the Juixture is sufficient fqr three and one-half square yards of lawn, The seeding should be done as early as the soil is fit, and a more even spread of the seed will be se- cured if applied on a calm day. Slight raking and rolling following the seeding brings the soil and seed into intimate contact, emsur- ing quick germination. By the inches high it will have sufficient time the grass is four or five root-hold to withstand the opera- tion of a lawn mower, For the early cuttings the machine should be set rather high, and the blades should be very sharp and well set so as to avoid pulling out the plants. Some weeds "are almost sure to appear the first summer. These should be carefully removed, and when the soil is disturbed in digging or pulling them out a lit- tle new seed should be scattered in the spots. WHY SWARM CONTROL IS PRACTISED (Experimental Farm Notes) In years gone by neasured his succ ber of swarms given were depended upon to yield the surplus honey. Before the advent of the honey extractor the heaviest of in the fall of the year, the beas were then killed by sulphur fumes and the honey extracted from the combs by first crushing them and. then straining. It would appear that this practice gave rise to the old dog- gerel, "A swarm of bees in worth a load of hay, A swarm of bees in worth a silver spoon, A swarm of bees in July is not worth a fly." The early swarms were the best for they would give more honey and possibly other swarms. Swarming ugnally oceurs just before or dur- ing a heavy honey flow and the swarm is mostly made up of the field bees of the coldly. A certain amount of time is wasted by the bees in making the necessary pree parations for swarming and there is almost an entire cessation of honey gathering from the time the swarm issues until it is again housed in a new home, therefore, if the swarm issues when there is a honey flow of eight to ten pounds per day the total crop of the colony will be greatly reduced because of swarm- May is June is ing. Furthermore, swarms some- the beekeeper | fumm or.a host of other beautiful ss by the num-| blooms, is one of the favrite n off by his api-| most easily secured colors. It i3 this ary, and it was these swarms that |oportunity of developing our indi- ! vegetables, wherein lies the charm {of building up a really distinctive the swarms were carefully selected | garden just as in the samc way we | very small add a few loads of clay. | Strawy manure DEVELOPING INDIVIDUALITY That old gouplet hummed by the bride on the never-to-be-forgotten morning--at least we will hope it has not been forgotten by the young lady even if business worries "'or something' have caused a tempor- ary lapse in memory on the part of the other member of the transac- tion-- "Something old and new "Something borrowed and some- thing blue" Algo holds good in planning the garden as well as the wedding fin- ery. We should always include old standbys which have done so well in our own or.our parents' layout of flowers and vegetables. But we should. not neglect to try something new from the list offered so allur-| ingly in the sczed catalogue every | season. Here we will find flowers and vegetables which have been vastly improved and also novelties that will add the distinction so nec- essary in lifting our particular gar- den out of the commonplace. As far as the borrowing is concerned, there are few of us who will not call on our neighbor for the loan of a roller, a lawn mower or a spade, while blue either supplied hy the sweet pea, the linum, the pansy, the delphin- something and vidual tastes, both in flowers and gradually acquire a library or a col. lection of pictures. SOIL A light, deep sandy loam contain- ing plenty of humus is the ideal garden soil. If ours does not come up to these specifications, it can easily be corrected. If too light, dig in.strawy manure or if the plot is is also advised for improving heavy soil, as well as times have the habit of absconding for parts unkmown the when this occurs both bees and crop are lost. Swarm control is practised because it. has been proven that if the bees can be kept contentedly gathering nectar and not wasting time in swarming, larger erops of honey will be obtained. The Bee Division of the Central Experimental "arm at Ot- tawa have devised methods whereby | natural swarming can be prevented and which at the same time allows for controlled increase in the num- ber of colonies. Write for Bulletin No. 33. New Seried, if you are in- |avoid this, a supply should be grown .in the vegetable don Lindsay Smith ~ sand and even a light application of coal ashes. Always dig in vege- table refuse such as tops, leaves and lawn clipings. Plenty of this mater- jal, plus frequent cultivation, will put most soils into ideal gardening condition in a few years, although it the sub-soil is very heavy clay, it may be necessary to instal tile un- der-draining. Never work the soil while it is moist enough to stick to the shoes. When it crumbles if pressed in the hand, it is ready for the spade but not before. MULCHING SAVES CULTIVATION Cultivation can be saved by the use of a mulch of specially prepar- ed paper, chopped straw, lawn clip- pings or leaves, This is particularly valuable among tomatoes, head let- tuce. cabbage and the melons in the vegetable: garden, and among roses and other flowers. With soil so pro. tected, the gardener may go away on his holidays with no worry about drying out. The paper which is now favorably recommended by garden- ing experts is fastened to the ground by staples made of ordinary black wire. MOVE VEGETABLES AROUND It is advisable to move your veg- etables around the garden from year to year, the practice being known as rotation. One vegetable grown in exactly the same location each season will soon exhaust all the particular nourishment requir- ed, and may also fill the soil with disease. This is particularly true, also of some flowers especially the gladiolus. Then there are légumin- ous crops such as peas and beans | which add fertilizer to the soil and should be moved around so that the whole garden will benefit, These will offset the inroads made by such heavy feeders as corn, beets and carrots. A CUTTING GARDEN The beauty of the regular flower garden is often marred when blooms are cut for decoration indoors. To of flowers patch for bouquet purposes only. Here too are produced those flowers such as salpiglossis, scabjosas, sweet peas, and corn flowers which have beautiful blooms but poor foliage. Planted in rows with vegetables and receiving regular cultivation, these are more easily looked after than when grown in the regular flower garden and, of onurse, they may be cut freely without disfiguring any border. PLANTING SHRUBBERY ANIy TREES Ornamental ag well as fruit trees, shrubbery, rose bushe¢s and climb- terested. ers, are usually planted just as soon Sir Malcolm Campbell drove his giant racing car over the Daytona Beach course at a speed of 245.75 miles an hour--the world's record for automobiles, aie HE ALAR ------ | a record for popularity. Che RECORD SPEAKS or ITSELF 1KE the "Bluebird", the speed with which Turret Cigarettes won the favour of smokers, established The constantly growing demand for Turret Cigarettes is the best proof that they please the big majority of smokers with their quality, their mildness and fragrance. After all, nothing can replace good, honest tobacco; grown aud ripened right out in the field under nature's own sunlight--noshing artificial about that---and the high quality is "inbred." Mild and Fragra nt urret IGARETTES the appearance of rising | out 'of the adjacent growth, Ir-| regular planting advisable for | most situations, unless the grounds | immediately: about the building are to be laid out lormally. It is important that plants of different heights should be chosen so as to avoid any resemblance to a hedge about the building Variety in width is also necessary for a sim- ilar reason. fhe lower growing bushes may be placed below the windows and along the sides of the building, but the height should be increased at varying intervals, and, in most cases, more particul- arly at the corners and on either side of doorways. While all the foundation wail should not be hidden, the planting should be so arranged as to cou-| ceal the alignments ol the founda- tion, and also minimize its height, Treating this subject in| his book "Beautifyihg the Home | Grounds of Canada" Professor M, | H. Howitt points out that the maller the property the more im- portant relatively are these points, The smaller the grounds the high- err does the 'house usually appear to be. Small lot dwellings usually disclose less architectural interest as the ground is dry enough in the | house spring. This is also the best. time to) set out herbaceous perennials. Once the first moisture of the season is lost and the hot weather commences there will be a much higher pro- portion of losses than if set out earlier. is be followed 'with safety, Profes- sor Howitt sets down as the funda- { mental desirable effects in founda- tion planting: grace of outline. in- dividual points of interest and adequate provision of cover for the foundation. FOUNDATION. PLANTING By J. B. Spencer, B.S.A., Director Ontario Horticultural Association. In the horticultural beautilica- tion of home grounds it is highly important that the foundation planting be properly done. As the term implies, foundation planting is the placing of shrubs along the foundation walls of the house in such a manner as to give the most pleasing effect, The use of a single variety should be. avoided, but such selections of shrubs should be made as will give a natural efl- fect. One of the tion planting pressed as a house to the say when the established it Graceful outline is obtained by the selection of plants which are themselves graceful in form, and individually give a soft and pleas- effect, For individual points of in- terest plants should be chosen that exhibit. a variation in colour and texture of leaves and which present an interesting play of light and shadow. To adequately cover the foundation, such plants should be chosen as have a fairly spreading habit. and supplement these by a facing or cover plant- ing of smaller at the openings. Lo In positions favoured with good sunlight a few carefully chosen perennial plants may be used to give colour effect, Peonies are useful for this purpose because | mot only of their beautiful hloom at their proper season, but be- purposes of founda- hag often been ex- means of tying the grounds, that is to planting has become | should give the' lowheaded shrubs | shrubs as in. the foundation than larger | cause the foliage remains attrace homes, What may be termed mass | tive during the whole season. planting in such properties cannot In shrubbery the use of ever greens is desirable for winter ef« fect especially, and. for accent points, It should be remembered however, when mixing flowering shrubs and evergreens that the latter will suffer from too close crowding of the deciduous plants. Very fino effects are obtained by using evergreen exclusively, Of these there are many distinct forms including the pyramidal and zlobe shape Arbor-vitae and also the spreading varieties of the Juniper and Mugho Pine. Of the flowering shrubs the spiracas, the Barberries, the Hydrangeas and the Caraganas, particularly of the dwarfer kinds are very useful. These and many other beautiful well as ornamental trees and vines are fully described in the federal Department of Ag- riculture bulletin No, 89. Profes- sor Howitt holds the view that the judicious use of both deciduous and evergreen material is most pleasing for the base or founda= tion planting, with possibly the evergreens predominating. Motorists foday drive faster and harder--they pile up bigger mileage than ever before, Out of this strenuous motoring age has come the modern Dominion Tire--with greater strength and greater endurance. Stronger to resist wear, Stronger to free you from tire trouble. 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