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the floor and that they close prop- THE:OSHAWA DAILY TIMES, FRIDAY, JULY 12, 1929 | * FIRE PREVENTION "(Continued from Page 3) 3 'consists mainly. of brick build- floors of mill con N Jewes of north t con- 'combine construction. The roofs are in flat and roofed with a ma- conforming to the Barrett "Specifi 'In the case of torey buil , the plans of 'of these 'allow for' a Monitor sky. light construction and s&° ure also roofed with material similar to_that wie on flat roofs. o 5 pth "In tl e west group of Paldings, 38 r, the operations may be ly classified as wood work- spraying, coloring and uphol- ig. 'In the wood working mill "where all wooed parts for the Ol are sawn and shaped from lsmber drawn rom the 4] kilns, "2,000,000 feet of lumber are ois Fo in a month, This is sub- sequently 'converted into bodies at the rate of 700 to 1000 per day. The bodies follow 3 regular sys- tem of conveyors until they are de- livéred in the paint: shop, where a t modern paint equipment is in- stalled and the bodies conveyéd by a system of paint conveyors through all the 'stages of priming, surfacing and duce finishing. This plant is ar- ranged to take care of considerably aver 1000 bodies per day. The bodies then follow 'to the trim lines where they are upholstered and quipped wi glass, hardware, instruments and electric wire, In this group of buildings also is a large three storey building used for storing parts of cars and administered by the Service partment, In this area, parts of neral Motors cars can be secured for models that date 10 years back, In the centre of this area is a group of buildings which house the power plant. = The principal units in this plant. are six boilers, aggregating over 4000 horse power. These boilers are heated with coal, supplemented by a certain amount of wood refuse from the wood mill. The coal is supplied to the boilers from a reinforced con- | crete, 4000 ton Hopper type storage bin, the coal being lead to the bail- ers over a belt conveyor system to the pulverizers, which are so arrang- ed as to automatically feed the boil- ers, "In this plant also are located the 'air compressors, compressed air being: a very important factor in manufacturing operations, and- also an auxiliary set of dynamos which are capable of giving temporary re- lief to certain portions of the plant in 'the event of failure of the power supply from the Hydro Electric sys- tem. * The north plant consists of some 22 Buildings, the principal manufactur- ing uit of which is the shéet metal stamping" plant, in which are form- ed efiofmotis power presses such articles as fenders, radiator shells; brake drums and various por- tions of body metal. Adjacent to this. is: the Enamel Plant, where vari- ous items of these stampings are en- anielled with highly baked enamel. In this; dréa also are located the Radia- tor' Plant, Nickle and Chromium Plating "Plants, Machine Shop and axle "assembly and various auxiliary assembly areas. "Here too are located three assémb- ly lines for building the finished auto- 'mobiles. These assembly lines are lo- cated in buildings considerably over 600 feet long and are capable of. pro- ducing 800 cars per 'day. Suitably located between. the two areas I have mentioned is the main. office building, a brick and concrete struc- ture which administers the whole affairs of General Motors operations in Oshawa. THE Fighting Equipment Water supply--Water for the city supply is'drawn from Lake Ontario, 31% miles away, and delivered to the consumer by mains ranging from 20 to 67: in diameter, . The average pressure would be about 55 pounds. An elevated reservoir at the highest point in the city contains a storage | of 250,000 gallons. Fire pressure from the city mains can be given up to 1000 pounds preéssuré on the mains for 6 lines of hose. / In the General Matos plants we have independent this. supply a 75,000 gallon gravity tank elevated at a height of 158 feet above the street level, which maintains a pressure of 70 nds on the sprinkler system dspbried through 'the 'factory: 'In addition to this, there are two. 10" connections to the, city: mains: which. give a pressure of 55 pounds, 'The third storage supply sts of 150,- 000 gallon undergrotind reservoir, to which is coupled a 1000 gallon per minute Buffalo steam pump. The fourth supply consists of a 100,000 gallon underground reservoir to which is coupled a 1000 gallon per | 480°F i driven centrifugal | minute: eléetricall pump. Each of these four sources of supply can be used simultaneously in the common underground yard fire srevention systeny covering the plant. e average pressure for fires when using pumps is 100 pounds on the main. Sprinkler Sistem The factory is. protected through- out by an up-to-date sprinkler sys- tem and this is 30 laid out that prac- tically every 9% fool square is equipped with sprinkler heads. The system is controlled through 58 wet systems in the heated portions of the factory, @4 dry systems in that por- tion of the factory which is expesed to winter weather and 14 deluge sys- tems in those portions of the plant where the hazards warrant such ex- ceptional service. Adequate means have been' provided through the lo- cation of post indicator valves, so that any pértion of the system can be cut off from the remainder should occasion arise where repairs are nec- essary in case of breaks during fires or otherwise: x ive g Appliances Deposited ighting the factory yards at convenient points are HU Hydratits and each hydrant is supplied with 200 ft. of hose and necessary equip- ment: These are contained either in a house built" alongside the hydrant or in.a. concrete box equipped .with a water proof cover, so located that the hydrants are readily accessible at all tunes. -Two 45 it, ladders are letgiad at atralegical peigts Inpide steel, concrete and siitable points tached to the sprinkler system, One very im t factor as a result of certain rds we have to cope with is the supply of live steam connec- tions a these are deposited throughout all ovens or that are near volatiie liquids. These steam lifies consist by operating a hand valve suitably located. Fire Department . The Fire Department consists o a perman ently employed Fire Chief, the position I have the honor to oc- cupy; and a volunteer fire brigade 18 men, who hold regular prac- tices, answer all fire alarms no mat- ter in what art of the plant they may be employed and who receive extra pay for this work. In certain parts of the plant where there are particular hazards to be met, the employees are instructed in the use of special appliances and their loca- tion, so that in the case of fire they can carry out emergency measures and prevent a fire gaining much headway. % tside the plant of course is the City Fire Brigade, consisting of a germanently employed Fire Chief and men working on a two-platoon system. The city fire hall is within about 600 yards of the centre of the plant area and they answer in a very efficient manner any fire signals sent out from the factory. A very close co-operation is maintained at all times between the factory and city fire b des in any changes of equip- ment or additional installations throughout the plant, so that all con- cerned are familiar with any new ideds that are brought into effect. Alarm System The factory is equipped with an auto-call supervisory combination fire alarm and watchman system. There are 162 box alarms distributed throughout the factory and the con- trol panels, recording instruments and batteries are located in' the fire all. The sprinkler system is equipped with an automatic alarm which reg- isters an alarm should theré be a flow of water in the system either from open sprinkler head or . any other cause. A control panel and recording instruments are installed in the fire hall. The system has sev- enteen circuits under separate an- nunciators, which récord all alarms on a punch tape. The recording instruments have a separate time stamp which marks the time of each alarm. This time co- incides with that of the time clocks throughout the plant, all of which aré regulated by a master clock. The alarm systems are so controlled that a warning is given should any trouble occur. The factory is patrolled day and night by 30 watchmén undér the supervision of a Police Chief. Part of the watchmen's routine is to punch in an alarm from différent parts of the factory while on their régular beat. These alarms are re- corded in the fire hall and noted by the day or night supervisor, who rée- cords all these watch alarms, as well as any other alarms that are sent in from the factory. By consulting a chart; this supervisor can locate any watchman while on his round and call him by code on auto-call bells, The fire hall consists of the Chief's office, where all. recorc.ng instru- ments are located, toscther with the control boards: for fire, watch and sprinkler systems, Here also are lo! cated "the firemen's equipment and storage of supplies for the Fire De- partment, : 3 Hagards y Paint--Paint is not very éxtensively used in the factory from a productive standpoint, the comparatively small quantity being used mainly for main tenance. purposes. Spontaneous com- bustion would result if improper de- posits of it were allowed te aceumu- late, while paint soaked rags might readily heat and burst into flame, Cleanliness removes most of the danger contingent upon' this hazard. Duco or Pyroxylin Finishes--The modern automobile finish by the use of pyroxylin products, or as we pre- fer to say "Duco" brings with it a different ype of fire hazard to that of the old fashioned paints and var- nishes and consequently different methods of contrel. i Enamels of a high baking tempera ture are used extensively in the auto- mobile industry when finishing sheet) metal work, such as fenders and other equally prominent parts. of a car. Principally these. enamels go under the. technical names' 'of - "Rubber Coat" and "Fender Firfish" and are 'comprised 'of asphaltum base, mixed with volatile liquids. The baking processes are carried out at relative- ly high temperatures of 460 to Fuel Oils Fuel oils are used extensively for furnishing heat to enamel and dry- ing ovens. While not classed wi the higher volatile liquids, care has to be taken in handling and storing them, so that there are no unneces- sary risks. In addition, a close in- spection is always required of the means by which the fuel oils are burned, to make sure there is no. danger due to leakage or accumula- tion of waste oil. : Wood W. 3 se The extensive use of weod in all the various processes from the raw lumber in the yard, through the dry kilns and various mill rooms neces- sitates great care lest there be any accumulation of refuse in the form of shavings, sawdust, fragments of wood, which if allowed to accumulate might readily become a serious menace. ine, Kerosene, Motor Oils Large quantities of gasoline, sene and motor oils are stor at various points throu t the plant. Care in handling and cleanliness in storage are necessary to prevent these becoming hazards. i . 3 of Materials ; n such a ractory storage space 1s at a premium. e method of stor- ing materials and handling them so that they are readily available for pr ) it care, - Waste Materials Waste material 4s result of such apiion ero- |. Mr. and Mrs. Harold Gordon Forbes caught by the photographer just as they. were starting on their honeymoon following. their mar- riage in Stratford, Ont. Mrs. For- bes was formerly Miss Mary Mon- '| of great emergency in any of the teith, daughter of the Hon. Dr. J. D. Monteith and Mrs. Monteith. The little flower girl is Miss Mary Winterburn of Norwich. Hon. Dr. Monteith is provincial treasurer of Ontario, necessitates a 'system whereby a Salvage Dept. has been created and such accummulation of waste pro- duct. is conducted in a systematic fashion to prevent this becoming a hazard, Miscellaneous Hazards Over and above those which can be distinctly: specified are enumer- able similar hazards against which protective measures have to be taken, Acetylene welding outfits, electric welders, electric glue pots, soldering irons, fuse boxes, electric motors, switches, etc, offer many 'opportuni- ties for fires unless due precautions are taken, In addition to this, we would of course mention the routing of our Maintenance Department, which necessitates the use of. gaso- line torches, portable lamps, which may be used at any time in any part of the plant, These are hazards which are more or less present at all times and against which adequate means of protection have to be pro- vided. Method of Prevention Ventilation--Good natural ventila- tion is essential in all parts of the plant. , Where it is vot. practical to expect this; then. elaborate systems of artificial draught have been de- signed, with ducts of gsubstantial metal construction with electrical fans so that there are complete changes of air in all parts of the plant, Heating For heating purposes live steam under low pressure is used with vari- ous types of radiation from wall heat- ing coils to overhead and floor blow- er systems, whereby the heat is dis- tributed at some distance from the heater. ' Lighting Artificial lighting 1s restricted to electricity, all wiring being in metal conduit. Vapor proof globes and switches are used, while in many cases special sealed projectors are provided so that even in the event of a globe being broken, there is no contact with the surrounding area. The average consumption of gaso- line is around 40,000 gals. per month, that of oils amounting to 20,000 gals., while kerosene is used to the extent of 10,000 gals. In the case of fuel oils, they arc kept in two underground steel tanks, each of 12,000 gals. capacity. Con- stant care is taken that these grave ity feed tanks do not overflow. The average monthly consumption of fucl oils is round 16,000 gals. Wood Working Refuse Consuming approximately 2,00,000 feet of lumber per mornith, there is naturally a great amount of refuse, Waste pieces of wood go to a con- veyor, where they arc taken to hop- ners on thn» cuteide I undaries nf th factory. It is loaded on trucks and sold under contrace wor suc ; and sawdust are conveyed through a blower svstem to cyclone distributors located above the boiler room, from whence it is blown to the boilers and there burned, thus supplementing the use of coal in the factory heating system. At frequent intervals each month, the mill rooms where the wood is fabricated are blown over with air in order to remove any ace cumulation of fine sawdust from the ceilings, walls, pipes, etc, and thus prevent any - possibility of spontanc- ous combustion as a result of this fine dry dust. One of the jobs of the maintenance crew is to clean motors, belts and machines by compressed air at frequent intervals. Storage of Materials On account of the comparatively limited space and the nature of sone worbeky hiid +} been-the location of aisles the factory clearly indicated by a 'broad white line 4 inches wide painted upon the r.. One of the 1 duties of the wal y €, ing an opportunity to function proper! 7 : ye y Such -material-as- rubber cement; | which is highly i aging ba ho and have a ni ust * large for a Nn s { : 4 is ised of 3 sonsiderabe nyniber of ihe Ta of 'which ase provided with ) ae madé Satan hey. ate + anging in a closing. position. More- boxes rept c over, i t is to, Slant by this Ji material at all vi En Eh : RE i te tomatically in case of fire. The lids ways much as possible, 'even during work- The ever increasin tchman patrol the ine a the Ses od re kept free © eh This has proven The si effective. e of d closer lo the is. insures heads, in a case of fire v s stored | v : Ve cient], Celluloid, whic in 'metal boxes, fuse links so that they will close au- ese as ing hours, General Apparatus use of acety- lene welders by the Maintenance De- partment and contractors who may be working in our buildings has made it necessary that consent for their use be given in each instance by the Fire Chief. The machine is accompanicd by a tetra-chloride fire extinguisher, They are not permitted except in case duco spray rooms or mill rooms and then only after every possible pre. caution is taken against fire, In connection with electric wiring-- Temporary work 'is discouraged as much as possible on account of" the possible overloading of existing pow- er circuits. Electric glue pots are provided with safety devices for cut- ting off current when they get too hot, while the same thing applies to soldering irons. In order to eliminate the possibility of these safety devices not functioning, however, all electric glue pots and soldering irons are re- turned to the tool cribs at night by the employees who use them. Should one of these articles be found along the line of work at night by the wat- chman patrolling that area, the article in question is returned direct to the fire hall, the watchman reporting where it was picked up. This neces- sitates the employee reporting at the fire hall in order to get his equip- ment for the next day's work and natyrally he is called to task for his neglect. All motors, fuse boxes, magnetic switches, etc, throughout the plant, while kept as Yapos and dust proof as possible, are blown out at least once a month, in order to remove any dust which might have accumulated Oil lanterns are not permitted in the factory except in cases of emergency. Flash lights are supplied to all em- ployees requiring them, Gasolene torches and fire pots, while available for use, are not allowed to be issued from tool cribs unless they are m perfect working order and when their use is necessary.' Special watchmen are located in that area until what- ever work they are engaged upon is completed. Metal receptacles are pro vided for dirty, oily rags, while tem- porary light shades of cotton or other inflammable material are not allowed on electric lights, A special inspection is carried out by the watchman and Fire Chief of all fire doors. The prevention of the spread of fire from one btilding to another depends upon the functioning of these doors. The inspection con- sists of examination of the fuse links and the operation of the doors, to sec that they run freely on the traca, erly. Factory Cleaning All machinery i properly cleaned by the operators before leaving the factory. All refuse is cleaned up by the department sweeper and placed in sui receptacles, where it can be picked, up each' night a short {teeval _ ajtes th Jastor ds Slosed own. 'Ahe : vO! = g onde "supervision 'of the alvage : who are fe ile She woallos ection of all: the salvage of any. material mot to} be burned, the | i all useless ma \L J and the i gi H leanlin 58 4 plant, All refuse and sil ; ial js remove Jrom each building at night, the refuse being: taken fo the inciniegator 'and the 'salvage -to the salvage "building. = This regulation is rigidly enforced. 'All sweepers stay int "theif departments for, at least un hour after: the factory is closed down, iwith the result: that: all floors' arc iclean 'and tidy for employees when ithey return to work 'in the 'morn- Ang. + 4 a of Fighting { Fires. which have occurred during ithe day have as a rule.proyen of not ivery large. proportion, . Frequently ithey, are controlled y the employees in the immediate vicinity using hand extinguishers. | wouid call attention again to the fact that in hazardous parts of the plants, employees are coached in their duties in order to Provide prompt action in the care of re In spite of this it frequently hap- pens that an alarm is turned in from one of the fire alarm boxes, neces- sitating a turn-out of the Brigade for what after all would prove to be a very minor blaze. On receipt of such an alarm, the factory whistle is blown and the code number of the zone in which the fire is located 1s "the ripening of their seeds. given, and the firemen report to that location. Should the inside plan equipment not be sufficient to handle the fire, the hydrant and hose pre- 'The Weed Control Act of The Province of Ontarice NOTICE! R. 8. 0., 1927, Chapter 309 as amended by 1928, Chapter 31° . provides that:-- = Bons Every occupant of land, or if the land is unoccupied the | / owner shall destroy all weeds designated by the Regulations, as often in every year as is sufficient to prevent Any owner or occupant of land who contravenes any'of the provisions of this Act or who refuses or neglects to obey any Jawftul order of the Inspector given under this Act shall incur a penalty of not less than $20 nor more than $50 for every such offence. 4 The penalties provided by this Act shall be recoverable under The Summary Convictions Act, and-shall, when recovered, . be paid over to the treasurer of the Municipality in which the offence was committed. In the absence of any owner or occupier or upon refusal after notice to comply with the requirements of this Act, the Inspector may cause weeds coming under this Act to be cut down and destroyed and may charge the cost of such ork against the property to be collected in the same manner as taxes. : The following shall be deemed noxious weeds within the meaning of this Act:-- Bladder Campi Cing White Cockle Field Peppergrass Blue Weed Wild Lettuces Ox-eye Daisy Ragweed Wild Oats Stickseed Chicory Wild Carrot Ribgrass Burdocks Stinkweed D. A. HUBBELL Weed Inspector City of Oshawa £ail Wild Barley ° Hawkweeds Sow Thistles Canada Thistle Docks Russian Thistle Tumbling Mustaru T. B. MITCHELL, Esq. Mayor City of Oshawa viously mentioned as being located in the factory yards are brought into play. The City Fire Department re- spond whenever a factory whistle blows and are ready to give what- ever assistance is necessary, and have invariably proven themselves capable of assisting in any emergency All hydrants and hose used through- out the plant have the same type of connections as those used by the city so that equipment is directly inter- changeable. While in this paper I have no doubt described details that are pe- culiar to the automobile business, I have tried to generalize as much as possible, so that the information here given would be of value to those en- gaged in other lines of industry. With the great increase in production, there will no doubt be other fire hazards arise and these must be individually studied and remedies applied. As a result of considerable exper- ience, in my opinion the greatest pro- tection against fire is 3 systematic survey that will censure cleanliness, orderliness throughout the plant at all times. Coupléd with this is the necessity to give every facility in the provision of equipment to the Brig gade, so that with steady drilling they are ablé to cope with any emer- gency that may arise in spite of the best of care, Here is a good alibi from The Toronto Telégram: = "It may have been something the Argonauts eight." Hamilton leads Canada in the number of bank robberies and yet not one bandit has escaped. That speaks well of the: efficiency of the Hamilton police and the citi- zens too, Who are always looking for a little excitem\nt and who give help when needed. materials, it might sometimes be diffi are properly weighted, do not drag on Look At The LUMBER QUESTION In This Sensible Light It is a question, as any builder will readily admit. With the lum- ber 'you buy, yeu've got to please customers who often understand nothing at all of your difficulties. That same 'lumber must turn out high-caliber work--for your reputation is always at stake. And decidedly, the cost must not eat up your profits! Isn't it sensible, then, to buy the lumber that will turn out a splendid job, wherever you use it, be a credit to you, and still put you ahead where the price is concerned? Of course it is. And our stocks can do just that! Oshawa Lumber COMPANY, LIMITED 25 Ritson Road North TELEPHONE 2821-2820 .- lass New car warranty 9000 ROSS, AMES & GARTSHORE CO. 185 King Street West, Oshawa. Phone 1100 Hudson-Essex. Distributors Some bargains in brick houses, choice and close on Jocations. If about to : 3 see 'what I have. It will 'you. Summer cottage "for sale or rent at Caesaren J+ H.R. LUKE Phone 871-687W The man who attepds a concert and beats time 'with his foot has music in his sole, -- YOU OWN YOUR fica Sia HARDWOOD FLOORS LAID BY EXPERT MECHANICS Old floors finished like new. Storm windows, combination doors. General Contractors. B. W. HAYNES 1% Kiog St. W, Puine -, -- Bl i a ------ a a V.A. Henry INSURANC 113 Simcoe St. S. Phones 1198W---Otfice 1858) --Residence WARM IN WINTER variable operations -as enter into the Episbad arodustign of 2 INSULATING BUILDING BOARD DISTRIBUTED 8Y 'OSHAWA LUMBER COMPANY LIM Fn OSHAWA, ONT. = = + COOL IN SUMMER ITED mn -- It is yours for always--not are in a position to render service, whether you wish long as you pay rental tribute. your haven of security, your safe in- vestment, your dwelling place. There are many reliable firins listed here who " --- Your Home There it stands ready to welcome you. merely as Itis immediate to buy a home or build one yourself. COAL! COAL! Phone 198 W. J. SARGANT Yard---89 Bloor ~ireet EK. Orders UPromptly UDélivercd LUMBER 8 ' Buildin Materials Prompt Delivery Right Prices Waterous Meek Ltd. Ww. J. TRICK COMPANY 25 Albert Street : Phones 280 & 18%. L.V. Disney opp P. 0, Phone oh. A Predemr bik k Bouse on What have you?