The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

NIAGARA FALLS A Little Trip to Niagara Falls; What could be more fitting as a finale to this brief series of Little Trips in Big Canada than a visit to this world wonfler magnet, along with the mil- lions who have made it their mecca. Niagara still holds its supremacy as the great cataract of the continent, Its wondrous beauty remains unchalleng- ed through the years, indeed the cen- turies, and one may well worship at this great nature shrine, Bach of the twin falls has its in- dividuality -- the unbroken sweep of white and green waters that make the American Fall change in feature with every passing cloud or flood of sun- shine, with every recurring phase of day and night, Columns of fleecy spray rise from its basic rocks of ages like incense to the accompaniment of the song of Niagara--deep-based and reverberating, A ; But it is the Horseshoe Fall that even more completely captures the imagination) and holds the eye in thrall, The centering "V" is cutting deeper into the rock all the time, mak- ing a vortex into which the green blue flood glibes rather than falls, creating a maelstrom far below. . One should view Niagara from all angles; from the mouth of the "ana- dian scenic tunnelvas weil as Table Rock; from the upper suspension bridge and the deck of the Maid of the Mist, as it thrusts its bow into the cauldron near the base of the thunder. ing cataracts, View them too at sun- rise and sunset time, or when the moon adds its silver rays to the silver waters, or again when a storm bursts over the river, and the wind-driven clouds of blackness mingle with the swaying columns of spray, Nature never repeats her wonders. There is much more to see that some visitors miss, such as a walk or drive among the Dufferin Islands, amid Venetian scenes, or a motor run over the superb boulevard that bor. ders the Canadian shore of the his toric international stream for many a mile to Fort Erie. In the vicinity of the Falls the Government Park is a smaller edition of Kew Gardens in its vare shrubs, plants and flowers. Next, follow the course of the river down stream to the lower rapids and the whirlpool, pausing for the explora- tion of Niagara Glen--one of the most unique natural areas in the country, where there are indications of pre- historic cataracts in water worn rocks and pot holes, Finally return to the Falls again for a good-bye look, realizing anew that you are gazing upon one of the eight wonders of the world, (Copyrighted by British & Colonial Press Limited), CHILDREN GIVE VIEWS ON FIRE N PREVENTION AND EQUIPMENT; ° ESSAYS THAT WON FIRST PRIZES The first prize essays in the school children's competition conducted in connection with Fire Prevention Week are printed herewith. Jack Henry, son of Mr. and Mrs, C. N. Henry, King Street West, was first in the essay on "What Makes a Fire Department Efficient?" It is as follows: -- There are a great many things that make a fire department effi- cient, the foremost being the men. There should be a fairly large num- Not a Laxative Nujol is a lubricant--not & medicine or laxative --g0 cannot gripe. When you sre constipated, h of Nature's ber of men who are all brave, moral- ly strong, and alert, In cities or large towns there should be a fire fighting force there all the time. In smaller towns every volunteer should have a phone if possible in his home. Also there should be a proper way of getting water in case of fire. The equipment should be modern. Places that are quite large should have a motor truck with full equip- ment, including a chemical tank. In every department there should be plenty of hose in good condition. Another important thing is that there should be a modern fire-alarm system and the needed amount of hydrants. All equipment should be in good condition. The truck should be tested daily, horses kept well shod, and the fire-alarm system should be kept in working order. One of the most important things is the co-op- eration of the citizens. Fire Prevention Miss I. Finders was awarded first prize for the following essay on "Fire Prevention," open to Senior Fourth pupils: -- There are many in this world to- day who have very little knowledge of how to protect their property in case of fire, If we know anything about Fire 'Prevention we should try and help some of these people by telling them what we know. If every school in Capada would have it mentioned, not only to the higher grades but also to the primaries often through the year there would be many who could pass this infor- mation to someone else. Proper fire- drills should be practiced at the schools. This would teach the chil- dren not to get excited in any other public building if a fire should break out. These are a few things which we might tell someone else. We should glean up all rubbish about the home. If we are going to burn the rubbish we should stand and watch the fire until it is omt. We should use some kind of tin or sheet-metal utemsil to bura the rub- bish in. Many people haye a habit of keeping old rags in the attic, cellar or workshop. This is a bad habit. Look after the chimneys and stove- pipes, see that they are kept clean. Do not put ashes in a wooden box, there may be a live voal which will set the box on fire. See that mer- chants keep their gasoline and coal- oil in underground tanks. Do not light a fire with naphtha, benzine or coalwil. Keep each of these things in separate tin boxes or bar- rels with labels on each. Do not clean clothes with gasoline foo near a light. Try and use "safety" matches and be sure that they are out of the reach of children. Do not leave matches on shelves where the mice can get and gnaw at them. Jf men could only remember not to throw lighted cigar and cigarette butts away it would help a great deal. Many women have the habit of keeping polishing rags in some cup- board. This is a bad habit and should be prevented. If they want to keep these rags they should be kept in a tin or metal box so that if there should be a combustion the box won't set fire. Keep furniture polish from hot stoves. Try and keep garbage in a tin or sheet-iron box. Do mot try to thaw foozen pipes Don't leave wet clothing too mear a fire. Many children build bonfires out of dead leayes. This should not be done. If men have to build a bonfire €o burn their rubbish they EE ------ Fifty Other Municipalities o Wea of Por Some interesting comparative figures have been compiled by the Citizens' Research Institute of Canada, of Toronto, of which Dr, Horace L. Brittain is the head, concerning the per capita debts, less sinking funds, of 61 Canadian cities and towns, Oshawa's total debt is $169,81 per capita; its public utilities debt $37.03 per capita and its genegal debt 82.60 per capita, There are 19 of the 51 municipalities whose total debt per capita is less than Oshawa's apd 31 whose total debt is larger. There are 17 municipalities whose total public utilities debt per cgpita is less than Oshawa's and'33 whose total public utilities debt is larger. There are 21 municipalities whose general debt per capita is less than Oshawa's, and 29 whose general debt is larger. The statement of the committee as contained .in the pamphlet is as fol- lows: -- "The Institute presents herewith some figures of per capita debts for fifty-one Canadian municipalities. While the amount of gross debt is important, the varying Jracuet o unicipalities as to the issue . Tape and sinking fund 'bonds, and the great divergence between muni- cipalities as to investments in self- sustaining public utilities, makes de- WP 4 public utility debt less sinking fund. The per capita general debt, less sink- ing fund on the genergl debt, may fairly regarded as 'the net per capita general debt from the stand- point of the taxpayers as such. course, the debt on any public utility ich does not carry its own debt charges, should be added to the energl dept as it constitutes a bur. i on general taxation, The meaning of the term "total debt" is ohvious as is that of "public utility debt." "General debt" is taken to mean the total debt less the public utility debt and for the purpose of this bulletin, includes, therefore, local improvements debt (ratepayers' and city's shares) and school debt.* Muni- cipalities, with few exceptions, have such debts whether or not they, are regarded legally as specidl debts. They constitute encumbrances on the same assets (except in cases where the school district may be somewhat larg: er than the municipality) and must be ultimately repaid out of funds pro- vided by the citizens in the form of taxation, general or special, In fact school debts and local improvement debts, in many 'municipalities are growing faster than other elements in the civic debt and may already con- stitute the most considerable debt irable comparative data on the basis of tal debt less sinking fund "and City Amherst o.oo osnsrrse: Belleville Brandon Brantford ......: Brockville Calgary .. Charlottetown .. Chatham Edmonton Fort William .. Galt secre rsrsers Glace Bay ...... Guelph Hamilton Hull Kingston Kitchener ....... Lethbridge ....... EERE EER Te ssaBEa I IRE ER EINER ERY Pes sRBR EEE ER RITES sessessssesss sess sass ene sess rnen Medicine Hat .... Moncton , .. Moose Jaw New Westminster Niagara Falls .... North Bay ...... Oshawa ... Ottawa ... Outremont Owen Sound .. Peterborough Port Arthur ,....... hss Regina .....s... St. Boniface .. St. Catharines ....sscomc00.0 St. Thomas ..... Sarnia ..... Saskatoon Sault Ste. Marie . Sherbrooke Stratford .. Toronto Vancouver ,. Victoria Westmount Windsor .. Winnipeg Woodstock Burnaby District . Point Grey District .... 'a York Township .oeesssesssssrsss "In the opinion of the Institute total debts and sinking funds, for general purposes, school purposes, local im- provements (ratepayers' and city's shares) and public utilities should be stated separately in all municipal financial satepepts, While the figures sass se *In the cities marked with an asterisk the school and muiicipal districts are not identical, therefore the school debt has been omitted. **Including share ofl water district debt (Est.). burden. Total 70.29 92.06 187.27 127.85 63.11 333.98 71.71 94.99 409.43 269.01 145.48 58.43 General 46.46 76.26 133.56 172.77 50.07 221.68 67.65 65.59 290.16 159.71 103.07 40.78 Utilities 23.83 15.80 63.72 55.08 13.04 112.40 4.06 29.40 119.27 109.30 42.41 17.65 LL vee "ee oon nd KALB Hon A ove "ONTARIO; SATURDAY; OCTOBER 7; 1922 BAKERS CONVENTION BEST EVER HELD Interesting Addzess By Secre- tary of Retail Merchants' Association D. M. Tod, of Oshawa, was one of the delegates at the annual conven- tion of the Bread and Cake Bakers' Association of Canada held in To- ronto on Wednesday and Thursday. He returned this morning and speak- ing of the convention to The Re- former remarked that it was one of the most successful that the associa- tion had experienced, The conven- tion sessions were held in the King Edward hotel. On the opening day the delegates were extended a civic welcome by the Mayor of Toronto. One of the features of the long list of illuminating and instructive addresses delivered at the conven- tion was that given by E. M. Trow- ern, of Ottawa, Mr. Trowern took a8 his topic "Sales Tax as applied to the Retail Baker." The speaker displayed a thorough understanding of his subject which he dealt with in a business like manner. Follow- fog this addréss a general discus- sion ensued as to whether a cake baker was a manufacturer or a re- tailer, Owing to lack of time no decision was arrived at, His Memory Lives From the program handed to the scribe it was noticed that Rev, By- ron Stauffer, Toronto divine, scholar and journalist, who died recently, was to have delivered one of the opening addresses, The topic on which Rev. Mr. Stauffer would have spoken had he lived was "The Bil- ver and Golden Rule in Business," Thirty Twe New Library Patrons 50.97 84.28 50.10 | 52.16 | 68.55 | 178.63! 48.39 | 105.83 | 247.28 | 71.73] 180.30 | 288.55 98.39 62.86 83.60 131.51 245.57 47.47 86.19 235.97 .168.75 216.97 109.58 53.83 82.94 243.95 118.80] 66.72 74.521 98.67! 196.48 311.63 221.47 107.50 107.19 | 59.66 86.46) 210.41! 64.95 40.97 31.79 33.43 27.61 37.08 117.48 49.51 65.08 165.82 67.55 113.84 63.48 11.63 11.85 37.03 38.30 Nil 13.36 44.09 156.97 121.12 104.49%* 74.77 58.48 55.64 111.04 28.18 100.20 25.76 96.58 33.49 105.32 42.22 40.17 91.94 116.07 83.53% 79.77 105.63 296.11 97.90% 170.91 413.10 139.28 204.14 352.03 110.02 74.71 120.63 169.81 245.57" 60.83 130.28 392.94 289.87 321.46 184.35 112.31 138.58 354.99 146.98 166.92 100.28 195.25 229.97 416.95 263.69* 147.67 During September According to figures released at the public Iibrary this morning there has been no depreciable decreuse in the amount of hooks taken out during September, as compared to the number loaned during the pre- vious month of August. In August, 2,696 books were issued; in Septem- ber there was a slight decline to 2,657. The number of adults tak- ing advantage of the library in Au- gust was 1,799; in September, 1,911. A gratifying feature of those figures is the fact that there was an in- crease in the demand for the classi- fied works in preference to fiction. In August but 32 new readers were added to the library's list of patrons as compared to 50 new readers added in September. Following are the figures given out this morning: Fiction class. 1623 176 total 1799 797 Adults, Aug. .. Junior, Aug. .... - 687 110 New readers, Aug. .32 Month's total .... .... 2596 Progressive Sewing Machine Sale! Opening Soon 25¢ INITIAL PAYMENT MAKE INQUIRY NOW! Stalter's Music Store sweet and clean. PAGE, NINE _ _ CLE EVERYTHING It will keep your kitchen cabinet and refrigerator It is antiseptic and odorless. 15¢ and 25¢ at all Good Grocers total 1911 616 Fiction class. 1688 223 542 104 a Adults, Sept, ,. Juvenile, Sept. New readers, Sept, Month's total .... 2567 sree ee More Investigations By C.A.S. Sup't Last Month Than Before Superintendent H, W, Elliott of the Children's Aid Society, in his September report, states that the work during that period was quite heavy. "Like other months it has had its own problems and it will be seen by the figures following, that more investigations were made this month than any one month during the year. The number of children involved in the work has also climbed over the 100 mark again." Follow- ing are the details: 1 Application for a child, 2 chil- dren brought to the shelter wards), 1 child received from the court, 1 child returned to parents (not ward), 105 children involved, 1 child committed to gociety, 1 chiid sent to the Industrial School, 16 com- plaints received, 47 investigations , made, 74 pieces of mail received, 44 mail sent out, 7 attended, 578 miles (approximate) covered, 20 office interviews, 15 places visited outside the town, 2 court attendances, 6 wards in foster- homes heard from, 2 wards placed out, 1 ward returned to shelter, 2 wards visited, 2 warnings given, 7 children in the Shelter at end of month, 12 children have heen in resi- dence during the month, pieces of meetings PRESBYTERIAL MET At a meeting of the Whitby Women's Presbyterial held in the local Y.M.CA, Mrs, J. F. Hare gave a de- report of the recent annual meeting at Galt, when delegates from various (not { sections of the Province were given a warm welcome and many interesting topics were discussed. Reports were presented by Mrs, McGillivray, Mrs, Buckler and Mrs, Grigg, the latter making an appeal for the organization of more Young People Associations, A suggestion was made that a young women's meeting be held once a week, and another to the effect that news papers be-supplied with a detailed re- port of each meeting to keep the work before the public, [ ty : Call for thom y name - /t "is your Safeguard TRAINING is of lifelong value to any boy or girl. Shaw Schools in Toronto ion. Thirty 00 students (and their parents) testify to the careful individual instructfon given. ELEVEN Schools in the best see- tions of the city. Start at any time. Handbook sent to anyone on request P. Mcintosh, Chief Principal BUSINESS SCHOOLS TORONTO | "Nugget" Your Shoes! given in the foregoing are based on special information or official reports | or both they do mot necessarily agree | in all cases with the figures in official reports, as the same terms may have different meanings in different cities." New €. O. D. 'Postal » Ld » Service in Operation On Monday, Oct. 2 the new C.0.D. postal seryice became effective. Par- cels and packages not exceeding in value $100 may be sent from amy money order post office under regu- lations, proyiding for gheir insurance where desired. These regulations have been in the hands of postmast- ers since their passage in the form of an order in council, almost a month ago. Discussing the new service with 2 Refor mer tative this morm- It not only shines them brilliantly but it softens and preserves the leather. 'NUGGET Shoe Polish the various provinces, and others rel-| ative to the holding of a British Emn-| pire Exhibition in England in 1924. ific points being taken up by| the Mission include the following: --| The plans and general architec-| tural treatment of the Exhibition in| relation to Dominion pavilions. (The | Mission have om view complete sets | of drawings and plans for the United | Kingdom section, together with some | is.) The nature and presentation of ex- hibits and suggestions from each part of the Empire for practical met- hods of developing its own raw ma-| terials and increasing inter-lmperial | ing J. F. Tamblyn, local postmast- er, stated that as yet local citizens have not generally taken advantage of the innovation. Some, howewer, ave mailing parcels in accordance with this service. There is a large volume of incoming parcels from oth- er cities being. handled, however. BRITISH EMPIRE EXHIBITION The members of the British Em- pire Mission is isters, Ministers of Agriculture of should keep children away from them. : Do not try to thaw frozen pipes with a candle. Thaw them with hot water. Don't touch electric wires. It might prove fatal. If wiring in the house is to be done, Lave an expert to do it. If a person is ironing with an electric iron they should mot leave it unless they have turned off the power. If possible we should all hawe a § 3 wisher" somewhere about the premises for the sake of first aid mse. Everyone should know where the mearest fire alarm box is to the home and know how to put in the alarm. There are many wore ways. in which we gould prevent fire, hut I am sure that this little bit of infor- mation would help even the poorest educated person. We can all try it trade. { Proposals regarding Tropical dis-1 eases of human beings, plants and | animals; agriculture and forestry; and mineral resources. The advantages given by the Ex- hibition to show the progress of seftlement schemes. of our meats make their appeal to the happy family circle where quality foods are appre- ciated. Nothing but the best and lots of that is to be found there. Honest weight and sat- isfactory service. Our tele- phone is your friend. NAVY CUT CIGARETTES 10 for 17 cents HL A SUDDARD and see.