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3 PAGE N'WELVE THE OSHAWA DAILY TIMES, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1928 < Orville Wright, Intrepid Pio- neer of Aviation, Made a Prolonged Trip in 1908-- First Heavier Than Air Machine Flew in 1903 Just 20 years ago, i908, the first one-hour flight by a power driven, heavier-than-air machine was made by Orville Wright, and today air- planes of many and varied types, but all depending, fundamentally, upon the same principles which Wright evolved in his primitive ship, fly many thousands of miles daily, * throughout the world. * Wright and his brother Wilbur be- . gan their experiments in 1899, with model airplanes, in which wing .. warping was used for the first time ; for lateral balance. In 1900 Orville * Wright experimented with a man- carrying glider at Kitty Hawk, North | Carolina, and here, in 1808, he built { a motor-driven airplane, in which . the first flight in history was made ! on December 17, . Many years earlier, the first avia- , tion paths had been treaded by in- ! trepid experimenters, wha boldly i risked their lives to determine and . prove the soundness of new-born fly- : ing theories. The Montgolfier Broth- : ers, who made the first balloon as ; cension in their "smoke bag;" Peter First One Hour Flight Made Twenty Years Ago Carnes, who made this continent's first balloon trip, at Baltimore, om July 17, 1784; Le Normans, who de- monstrated a parachute by jumping from a window in Lyons, France; Henri Giffard, who flew in 1852, are some of those whose names will go down to posterity as the first trail blazers of the air: Trials F On this continent, in the same vear which witnessed Orville Wright's epic flight, Charles M. Langley was attempting to fly the first full-size Langley plane near Washington, Me- chanical difficulty in launching the ship caused the machine to dive into the Potomac from the houseboat on which the launching device had been constructed. The plane had floats for landing on water. Two months later another attempt resulted in a similar mishap, and it was not until 1914 that the machine was finally flown by Glenn H. Curtiss, at Ham- mondsport, New York, according to "Conquests of the Air," the valuable booklet recently published by the Union Trust Company of Detroit, from which much of the information for this article was secured. The first officially recorded Euro- pean flight was made on September 13, 1906, by Santos Dumont, a Frenchman, who flew 700 feet in 21 seconds. Henry "Farman, on. October 26, 1907, flew for a distance of 2,500 feet in one minute. Farman also made SPEC For FRIDAY & IALS SATURDAY at Dominion Clothing Co. Boys' Blue Suits with extra bloomers, . ..:$5.49 Boys' Suits, bloomers and long pants ,.,.$6,78 Boys' School Boots, solid leather Boys' Tweed Caps, special .... Boys' All Wool Jerseys iarave 30.8 crv +396 ..$1,00 Men's Navy Blue Overcoats, special ....$19.50 Men's Tweed Overcoats, assorted patterns, special Trt rer rrr e Men's Leatherette Coats, RE] special Men's Dress Boots and Oxfords, special . . ., Men's Fall Tweed Coats, special + :..1.:: Men's Medium Weight Combinations, Buttons & Buttonless, special ,,,.,0v.. +... .. $1.49 terre Dominion Clothing Co. 68 King St. W, Phone 2141 the first recorded flight with a pas- senger, om March 29, 1908, and in October of the same year, flew from Chalons to Rheims, France, a dis tance of 16 miles, in 20 minutes. Channel Toe fret Ty SPAMS Acular nature was made om July 25, 1909, when Louis Bleriot, Sr, flew across the Englich Channel from Baraques to Dover, covering am air distance of 32 miles. He is ome of the earliest of the French aviators, as well as being a plane manufacturer. His son, Louis, Jr, is contemplating a trans- Atlantic flight. On January 25, 1910, the first air plane exposition ever held was pre- sented at Brussels, Belgium, and in September and October of the same year, planes were first used success- fully in French military manoeuvres. On December 26, 1920, A. Hoxey set a world's altitude record by flying to a height 6f 11,474 feet at San Francisco. In 1910, also, Glemm Curtiss won the New York World prize of $10. 000 for a flight from Albany to New York, a distance of 143 miles, in two hours and 50 minutes. In Febru- ary, 1911, Curtiss accomplished the first flight from land to water, and water to land, in an amphibian. His air history dates back, however, to 1905, when he built the engine for U.S. dirigible No. 1 and assisted Capt. Thomas Baldwin in trial tests. Curtiss' company built four planes equipped with motors of his own de- sign, and on July 4, 1908, he won the Scientific American Trophy,. follow ing up his success in France the next year by winning the Gordon Bennett speed cup. The first man to demonstrate landing on and rising from the deck of a battleship, was Eugene Ely, at San Francisco, in January, 1911. The first and most famous stunt flier of the birth years of aviation, Lin- coln Beachey, dipped over Niaggra Falls in a plane in 1911 and flew through the gorge under the steel arch bridge. The first air mail on the contin- ent was carried from Nassau Boule- vard Airdome, Long Island, to Mine- ola, Long Island, in 1911, On April 2 of the same year, M. Prier, of France, made the first non-stop flight from London to Paris, a dis- tance of 250 miles, in three hours and 56 minutes, To Russia goes the credit for the first long-distance flight. This was made between July 12 and August 8, 1912, by Lieut. Andreadi, who flew from Sebastopol to St. Petershurg, by way of Odessa, a distance of 1,850 miles. In December, 1813, Jules Ve- drines flew from Paris to Cairo, near- ly 3,600 miles. g Atlantic Conquered First to fly across the Isthmus of Panama from.ocean to ocean, was R. C. Fowler, in 1918. Later that year M. Pegous in Frange, made the first intentional loop-the-loop. Between December 13, 1918, and January 16, 1919, Major McLaren and General McEwan, of England, accomplished a flight from London to Calcutta, The flight was the fore- runner of an air transportation ser- vice which now operates over the same route on regularly maintained schedules, On May 15, 1918, the first regular alr mail service in the world was es- tablished between New York and Washington. Writing new aerial history and ARR AN NR If You Could Do THIS If you could take just one sightseeing trip through the inside of a Willard Bat tery you would know why this MAKE serves better, and lasts longer in the own- er's car, We sell Willards because we know from experience that they do a better job, and save the owner money, You will be glad to know that this still better battery is made in Canada, Ontario Battery Service 11 Church Street ve GENUINE WHLLARD BATTERIES AND WILLARD SERVICE FOR ALL MAKES Phone 925 FoR a lasting, brilliant polish ---that preserves our shoes and eeps them free from cracks use There's a Nugget shade for every shoe made ! placing their names for all time on the roster of the daring, Capt. John Alcock and Lieut. Arthur W. Brown, in 1919, made the first non-stop flight across the Atlantic, from St. John's, Newfoundland, to Clifton, Ireland, in 16 hours and 12 minutes, to win the London ¢Daily Mail prize of $50,000. In January, 1919, a United States Navy plane was successfully launch- ed for the first time from a flying dirigible, and on March 20 of the same year, Secretary of the Navy Wilbur, talked to a pilot in flight 150 miles away, by radio-telephone. The first trans-Atlantic flight from Newfoundland to Portugal was made between May 166 and 31, 1819, hy Lieut. Commander Albert C, Read, in the flying hoat NC:4. This was the first trans-Atlantic flight, but it was not a non-stop, as was the Alcock- Brown achievement, since the NC-4 traveled hy way of the Azores. From Portugal, Read continued to England, reaching Plymouth on May 31, 1919. . Between July 2 and 6, 1919, Major G. H. Scott, in command of the Royal Air Force Zeppelin R:34, flew from Scotland to Rbosevelt Field, Long Island. This was the first light- er-than-alr craft to make a non-stop trans-Atlantic flight. It covered a distance of 3,200 miles. On July 9, it left for Potham, England, arriv- ing without a mishap, and thus com- pleting the first return flight across the ocean, England to Australia Lieut. Cortimez, a Chilean, on April 4, 1919, was successful in mak- ing the first flight across the Andes Mountains, in South America. Capt, Ross Smith, of England, from November 12 to December 10, 1919, flew from London, England, to Darwin, Australia, 11,500 miles, tra- veling by way of Lyons, Rome, Cairo, Delhi, Calcutta and Rangoon. One of the epic flights of this con- tinent was made by the Alaskan ex- pedition of the United States Army, under the command of Capt, St. Clair Street, from July 15 to August 24, 1920. The flight was from New York to Nome, Alaska. Earlier in the year, between ruary 14 and May 31, Lieuts. iero and Errari, of Italy," flew from Rome to Tokio, 12,000 miles. On July 7, 1920, radio was used for the first time to direct aijeraft move- ments, Water Hinton, in the autumn of 1022, with four companions, flew from New York to Rio de Janiero, Brazil, Also a balloonist of note, Honton, had been blown to Canada in 1920, while making a practice plane, with the Alexander-Hamilton Rice expedition, The first one-stop flight across this continent was made by Lieut. James H. Doolittle, on September 5 and 6, 1922, from Jacksonville, Flor- ida, to San Diego, California, in 21 hours and 18 minutes. In 1925 he was an alternate in the International Balloon Race and at Baltimore the same year, won the Schneider Cup Race. Together with Lieut. Cyrus Bettis, he was awarded the Mackay trophy in 1925. One of the most fa- mous, if not the most, of modern stunt fliers, he made several flights across the Ander Mountains, although he whs on crutches when on the ground with two broken ankles, Capt, Sacdura and Capt. Couthinn, of Portugal, from March 30 to June 17, 1922, flew from Lisbon to Rio de Janiero by way of the Cape Verde Islands, St. Paul Rocks and Fern- ando Noronha Islands. On May 2 and 3, 1923, Lieuts. Kelley and Mac- Feb- Mas- HIGH GRADE EQUIP. MENT KEPT IN PER FEOF CONDITION. MEANS RELIABLE SERVICE Phone 82 Ready made a mom-stop flight from New York to Sam Diego, 2,516 miles in 26 hours, 50 minutes. On July 19, 1923, Lieut. Russel L. Maughan flew from New York to Rock Springs, Wyoming, 1,850 miles in 21 hours, 48% minutes. He won on the Spad class of the New York to San Francisco reliability contest in October, 1919, and the Pulitzer race at Detroit, in October, 1922, in addition-to breaking the 50 and 100- millimeter records at Detroit, He is best known for "beating the sun" on the first coast-to-coast daylight flight on June 23, 1924. R the World Capt. Lowe Smith and three other United States Army fliers, in Tour Douglas transport planes, left Seattle on April 6, 1924, on a round- the-world flight by way of Alaska, Japan, India, Persia, Iraq, Turkey, Austria, England, Greenland and Newfoundland. One plane was wrecked against the side of a moun- tain in Alaska, and another was forced down at sea. The two others completed the distance of 27,553 miles and returned to the United States on September 28. The ac- tual flying time on the trip was 371 hours, 11 minutes, over a period of 475 days. A flight of 11,500 miles, from Paris to Shanghai, was made between Ap- D'Oisy and B. Vesin. Taking three days to make the trip, the German dirigible, now the Los Angeles, made a non-stop flight from Friedrichsho- fen, Germany, to Lakehurst, New Jersey, a distance of 5,066 miles, un- der the command of Dr. Hugo Ecke- ner. At the conclusion of the 31 hour, 17 minute flight between Octo- ber 12 and 15, 1924, the dirigible was delivered to United States Navy offi- cials, under the terms of the Versail- les treaty. Commander Francesco de Pinedo on April 21, 1925, began a flight from Rome to Japan and return, hy way of Melbourne, Australia, a distance of 35,000 miles He completed the flight on November 9. Between Feb- ruary 13 and June 16, 1927, he made a four-continent flight by way of Af- rica across the South America, north across the West Indies to North Am- erica, through the United States to Newfoundland, and back to Rome by way of the Azores and Portugal, Pole is Bridged On August 31, 1925, Commander pohn Rodgers of the United States Navy, established a non-stop flight record for seaplanes, by flying from San Francisco to Honolulu, 1,922 miles distant, On November 16, 1925, Sir Alan Cobham, famous British airman, be- gan a flight from London to Cape Town, a distance of 8,000 miles. Be- tween June 22 and October 1, 1926, Sir Alan flew from London to Aus- tralia and back, 28,000 miles. ril 24 and May 20, 1924, by Lieuts. P., ing for more than two months in his search for the lost members of the Italia's crew in this year's tragic polar flight flew om May 11, 1926, from King's Bay, Spitzbergen, ,over the North Pole to Teller, Alaska, which he reached om May 14, hav- ing covered 2,700 miles. His chief associates in this trans-polar flight were Lincoln Ellsworth and Ceneral Umberto Nobile. Byrd's Exploits Just two days earlier, on May 9, the pole had first been reached by air, whem Commander Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett flew from King's Bay to the pole and back, making the 1,500-mile trip in 15 hours. Commander Byrd, retired from the United States navy because of an "infirmity," n the first night flying over water, and was the first airman to fly out of the ZR-2 across the Atlantic. In 1925 he was in charge of the maval aviation unit of the MacMillan expedition in the Arctic. From June 28 to June 30, 1926, accompanied by Bert Acosta, Bernt Blachen and George Noville, he | flew from New York to France, mak- | ing a forced landing at Ver-sur-Mer, after being unable to locate Paris be- cause of a dense fog. He is the chief of a large airplane expedition into the southern polar regions, the base ships of which are now on their way south. His heroic companion on the first flight to the North Pole, Floyd Bennet, died of pneumonia on April 25 of this year, after a brave attempt to rescue the crew of the Bremen, stranded on Greenley Island, after completing the first successful east-to-west crossing of the Atlantic. Herbert A. Dargue, from Degem- ber 21, 1926, to May 2, 1927, com- manded a group of United States army fliers on a goodwill flight around South American countries, covering a distance of some 20,000 miles. 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