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. PAGE FOUR I EEN EASTERN ONTARIO NEWS BROCKVILLE FAIR DATES At a meeting of Brockville Fair directors yesterday the annual ex- hibition was fixed for Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, June 26, 27. 28. Hitherto the fair was held in Auugst, in conflict with Ottawa and Toronto dates. GAS RATE REDUCED A 10 per cent. reduction in gas rates was authorized yesterday by the Public Utilities Commission of kville, the rate being reduced from $1.70 to $1.53. per thousand feet. Since 1923 the gase rate per thousand feet has been reduced by 47 cents, 'C0-EDS MUST WEAR GOWNS . A warning has been issued by the Levana Society executive re- minding the co-eds at Queen's that the regulation making the wear- ing of a gown in the Arts Building compulsory must be strictly ob- gerved. A number of cases have come up recently where girls have given up wearing the gown, but offenders will now be hailed be- fore a Levana tribunal, MRS, ARTHUR LYONS DIES Mrs, Arthur Lyons (nee Greta Gallipeau), formerly of Smith's Falls, »p d away ly at Syracuse, N.Y., following a short illness, She leaves her husband, her mother, Mrs, Henrietta Galli- peau, and also one brother, form- erly of Smith's Falls, The remains were brought to Merrickville for burial, the funeral taking place from the home of Miss Kempffer, aunt of the deceased, to St. Ann's Roman Catholic Church, where service was held, Interment wa: made in the Roman Catholic Ceme- tery, da FUNERAL OF ALEXANDER LEE At the age of 66 years and hav- ing been in failing health for some time, Alexander Lee passed away at his home in Merrickville, De- ceased had been a lifelong resident of that vicinity, His widow, who was formerly Nora Walsh, sur- vives, with one son, William of Detroit, and three daughters, Mae of Toronto, Mrs. A. J. Hauley of Toronto, and Mrs. A. F. Evoy of Smith's Falls, There is one brother, William, in Smith's Falls, The funeral was held from his late home on Monday afternoon, service beipg conducted at the house by Rev, Mr, McArthur. The pall- bearers were: D, Driscoll Sr, J. Boyd, J. Angus, W, Lyle, K. Smith and R, Hare, Interment was made in the Union Cemetery at Merrickville, DIES OF SHOCK Gordon Wilson Brown, 22 years of age, a Nova Scotia student in the test department of the Cana- dian General Electric Company, at Peterboro, died at 6 o'clock last night as the result of a shock re- ceived at 2 o'clock, when, it is said, he short-circuited a 20,000-volt current throurh a hare wire and a witch, The city pulmotor was u o half an hour and two tanks of oxygen consumed, but failed to fan into flame the spark of life the doctors found remaining. For four hours several physicians and fel- fow-students kept up the struggle, but finally gave up their efforts at 8 'o'clock. Dr. T, W, H, Young, Coroner, who was one of the doc- tors in attendance, announced last night that there will be an inquest. Brown was an honor graduate in electrical engineering of Nova Scotia Technical Institute and his home was in Falmouth, DUNCAN McTAVISH PASSES There passed away in South Elmsley Township Monday one: of the oldest and most highly re- spected residents ia the person of Duncan McTavish at the age of 75 years. Death came suddenly from heart failure, deceased hav- ing attended Westminster service Sunday morning. Deceased lived near Lombardy and was a son of the late John MeTavish of South Elmsley, having lived all his life on the homestead where he died. He was married eighteen years ago to Miss Margaret Rockey of Easton's Corners, who survives, as well as two sisters and two broth- ers, namely, Mrs, James McEwen, Burridge, Ontario, and Miss Ela McTavish Smith's Falls; Donald of Raddison, Sask., and John of Easton's Corners, The funeral is being held from his alte home to the public cemetery, Smith's Falls. Rev. Dr, Davis is officiating at the service at the house, ANNUAL MEETING YESTERDAY At the sixteenth annual meet- ing of Canada Foundries and Forgings at Brockville yesterday the report showed net operating profits for the year, after provid- ing for repair, bad debt losses and dereciation as $125,818.83. With payment of bond interest, bank in- terést an dother similar expenses there remains a net profit of $73,- 542.57. The working capital po- sition shows a net improvement of $32,652.79, the rates of current liabilities to current assets being now approximately five to one, Taking into consideration the earnings of the years 1926 and 1927, the directors last year deem- ed it advisable to pay to preferred shareholders three quarterly divi- dends on account of arrears, amounting in all to $48,000, The election of directors re- sulted as follows: Senator Gra- ham, Brockville; H, B. Housser, Toronto; W. M, Weir, James Ar- nold, Lt.-Col, C. N. Monsarrat, Lieut,-Col. C. W, MacLean, W. D. Robh, H. J. Trihey, Montreal; Gordon C. Edwards, M.P.; John Gleason, Ottawa. At a subse- quent meeting of directors W. M. Weir was elected President; Sen- ator Graham Vice-President, and E, S. Day, Secretary-Treasurer. QUEBEC POWER WORKERS SEEK PROBE OF WAGES Ottawa, Feb, 27.--The Minister of Labor, Hon. Peter Heenan, has under consideration an applica- tion from certain employees of the Quebec Light Heat and Power Company for a board of concilia- tion to investigate their demands for (increased wage conditions, About 75 men, mostly machin- ists, blacksmiths, boilermakers and car-men are involved in the dispute. EXCURSIONISTS RETURN Windsor, Feb. 28.-- More than 150 Ontario men, members of the Border Chamber of Commerce an- nual goodwill excursion to the South, returned from Miami, Flor- ida, about 7 o'clock tonight. The trippers have been gone a week, the object of the excursion being the double one of a mid-winter vacation and advertising of Cana- da as a tourist paradise in sum- mer, at the larger cities along the route. THE OSHAWA DAILY TIMES, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 29, 1928 Ema uA GENERAL HUANK FU ASSUMES OFFICE New Nationalist Foreign Minister States Policy :. of Chinese Shanghai, Feb. i7--General Hu- ank Fu assumed office as Minister of Foreign Affairs at Nanking Wed- nesday and outlined the foreign policy of the Nationalists under his administration. He reiterated the purpose of obtaining a revision of the so-called unequal treaties at the earliest possible opportunity and outlined the points of his pro- gram thus: 1--The Nationalist Govenment will prepare to open negotiations rity friendly powers for new treat- es. 2--Pending revision of the treat- ies, the Nationalists are willing to continue friendly relations. 3--The Nationalist Government will protect to the best of its ability the lives and property of foreign- ers, ~--4 It will recognize as binding all treaties and agreements hereaf- ter made between local Chinese an foreign nations provided they have the sanction of the Nanking Gov- ernment, ~--5 It will settle outstanding ca- ses in militant fairness, 6--Should any foreign Power try to interfere in China's domestic af- fairs, it will adopt measures to meet the situation. Altogether the statement was temperate and entirely free of an aggressive tone, WINNIPEG DEBATES SPANKING OF WIFE Winnipeg, Feb, 29.~A new angle was given to the question whether a man has the right to spank an err- ing wife when the matter was de- bated Monday afternoon in one of the 'city's adult Bible classes and a decision reached upholding Magis- trate Noble in allowing the spanking husband to have his freedom on suspended sentence, The case giving rise to the debate came before the police magistrate during the week, Daniel Ryan, pro- prietor of a music: store, was charged by his wife with cruelty, It developed in the evidence that he had spanked her because she kept company which he did not approve, The magistrate found Ryan guilty of breaking the law, but intimated that he did not altogether disapprove of the punish- ment in the circumstances. Since then there has been much argument as to the magistrate's decision and whether a husband is justified in spanking his wife, Ministers and judges have declared in the negative although one judge has declared that Ryan acted with commendable for- bearance in taking his wife back to their home in the circumstances. There have also been many to say that a little of the old Roman sys- tem of physical punishment for cer- tain offences would be an improve- ment on penalties providel by mod- ern law. Several debating clubs and lodges in the city are staging de- bates on the question next week, but it is not likely that the slipper for wives will be allowed to super- sede more conventional methods of dealing with such cases in Winni- peg. CRN SUSI, OAL COKE~WOOD Phone 262 DIXON'S JEDDO COAL SOLVAY COKE G.M.C. WOOD Well It's Getting Low-- Phorie Dixon's Better Interesting Facts About - Diphtheria Are Discussed By Dr. C.J.O. Hastings (Published with the authori~ ty of the Provincial Depart- ment of Health, this article on | diphtheria, , readers may be furnished with information, the accuracy of which can be guaranteed.) It was Dr. C. J. O. Hastings of Toronto, deap of America's publie health officers and a man with a remarkable series of triumphs over disease to his credit, who said that every time there was a death from diphtheria, the coroner should in- vestigate it. His declaration was endorsed by other medical men in all parts of the continent. Dr. Hastings' statement was bas- ed on the fact that science has al- ready provided the human race with two methods of coping with this scourge--first, the means of practically complete protection against the disease, toxoid, and sec- ondly, the treatment, antitoxin, Yet, in spite of this means of fighting diphtheria, its death toll continues and young lives are reg- ularly sacrificed to it. Before going into this aspect of the question, however, some accu- rate data regarding diphtheria it- self is necessary. It chiefly attacks children un- der ten years of age and is much more fatal in young children than in older persons, most deaths from it occurring among victims under five years of age. Records show that it 1s most commop between November and January and that cases decrease till it 18 at the minimum from June till August, It is usually mure prevalent in cities than in the coun- try and negroes seem less suscepti- ble to it than whites, When physicians first began to study it, the disease was somewhat of a puzzle to them. It was obvi- ous that the throat was, as a gen- eral rule, the original site of the disease. Yet it often caused serious damage to tissues of the body quite distant from the seat of the infec- tion, Frederick Loeffler, a German, was the discoverer of the actual germ which is the cause. He prov- ed, beyond dispute, that his find- ings were correct but he could not answer all questions connected with the action of the disease. He searched through other parts of the body and In the blood for germs and never found any except in the nose and throat. He came to the conclusion, therefore, that the germs of diphtheria must give off a deadly poison which was ais- tributed in the blood. Then, a Frenchman, named Emile Roux, proved this definitely by putting diphtheria germs in a broth and then filtering the germs out after they had grown, The liquid which he had left, absolute- ly free of germs, would, neverthe- less, cause diphtheria poisoning if injected into guinea-pigs. Poisons, such as the ones diph- theria germs give off, are called toxins, But, science goo, made another interesting discovery. It was found that animals which had once re- covered fromr diphtheria poisoning thereafter, were protected from the disease, or "immune'" to it, Medical men were not long in finding the reason for this. The body, affected with diphtheria poi- soning, seeks to fight it off by pro- ducing a protective substance of its own. This counteracts the toxins produced by the diphtheria germ and jis called antitoxin, Investigating further, it was found that if animals were first given antitoxin and then injected with diphtheria germs, the germs did no harm whatever. It was also ascertained that an animal, sup- posedly suffering from a fatal case of diphtheria, would recover if giv- en antitoxin premptly. Science, ip the light of these facts, at once turned to the ques- tion of producing antitoxin in ab- solutely pure form and in large quantities. By 1896, the experi- menting had been completed and antitoxin was ready for the doc- tor's use, It must be remembered that an- titoxin's chief value is as a treat- ment and, for that purpose, it is unexcelled, But it can also be used, under certain conditions, as a prevenuve, If, for instance, one child in a household is stricken with diph- theria and the remaining children are not protected against it, the thing to use is antitoxin. It will give almost immediate protection, lasting from 28 to 30 days. The action of toxoid is slower. What it does is to induce the bedy to produce its own protecting anti- toxin, a lasting but necessarily a slower process, In the past, from 25 to 40 per cent of those who fell victims to diphtheria, died. Now, it cap be sald with certainty that in cases which are treated with antitoxin within the first two days, not one in fifty dies. Time, however, is a most impor- tant factor and even hours count much, There ig every chance of saving a child if the antitoxin is given at once. Thirty hours after, hopes are considerably less. After three days, they are even further diminished. To a doctor, who has actually seen the effect of this treatment, it is one of the most impressive things in the world, just as, in oth- er days, the physician's inability to cope with this scourge was one of the most devastating experiene- es through which a medical man could go. One man, whose practice extends back to the days before antitoxin became general, gives a vivid de- scription of it: I recall the case of a beautiful girl of five or six years, the fourth child in a farmer's family to be- come the victim of diphtheria. She literally choked to death, remrain- ing conscious till the last moment of life. Knowing the utter futility of the various methods which had been tried to get rid of the mem- brane in diphtheria or to combat the morbid condition, due, as we know now, to the toxin, I felt, as did every physician of the day, as if my hands were literally. tied and I watched the death of that beauti- ful child feeling absolutely help- less to be of any assistance. About ten years, thereafter, my own daughter became ill with diphtheria. She was just about the age of the little girl with whom I had the early experience. A culture from the throat confirm- ed the diagnosis of diphtheria and the membrane from the fauces was extending down into the lar- ynx. An injection of diphther- ia antitoxin was given. To watch the choking, dreadful membrane melt away and disappear in a few hours with complete réstoration to health within a few days, was one of the most dramatic and thrilling experiences of my pro- fessional career. ; All these details of the way in which medical science got at the real facts of diphtheria and the painstaking method by means of which an effective method treating it, was found, are given here for particular reasons, There has been a considerable amount of misinformation con- cerning the disease and some of it has been broadcast, generally. Articles have even appeared here and there, written glibly and with the appearance"of being accurate, in which hot water bottles, blank- ets and restricted diet are given as an unfailing way of curing the disease, even among bad cases. Knowing the exact nature of the scourge which the doctor fighting when he is confronted with a case of diphtheria, these doctrines are more than fantastie and foolish, They are highly dangerous, A typical one which has reached the Dominion was shown to an is of | outstanding Canadian medical man, "What would happen if some- one tried to treat a child eriti- cally ill with diphtheria, according to the methods described here?" he was asked. It would be extremely danger- ous and cause death in quite a percentage of cases. But the great thing to remem- ber in connection with diphtheria is that, in recent years, medical sicence has made another enor- mous stride forward. It is not necessasry today for a child even to run the danger of contracting diphtheria. a By injections of "toxold"-- which is a chemically pure sub- stance and incidentally, not a ser- um, a child can be protected, quite harmlessly and made im- mune to attacks from the disease. Toxoid can be given to infants without the least irritation result- ing and, in fact, should be admin- istered before a child is one year of age to provide the most com- plete protection. There are parents, however, who, while admitting this effee- tiveness of toxoid, point out that the total number of cases of diph- theria is not great, and, through carelessness, neglect this safety precaution. . It is true gat the total number of cases is not great but the to- tal percentage of serious cases among those who do fall vietims, is very high, Diphtheria is a dis- ease with which one cannot trifle, It must be admitted that diph- theria epidemics as a rule don't run into scores of cases like epi- demics from other diseases, and that the disease is a peculiarly se- lective one. It seems to strike here and there, first one place and then another, without any well- defined reasons. But the presence of the "diph- theria-carrier" is a tremendous ar- gument in favor of the necessity of immunizing children with tox- oid. The number children who have diphtheria germs in the nose and throat is many times as great as the number who actually develop diphtheria, Their pres- ence is quite unknown and so com- mon is this condition that it has been estimated that, in large city schools, from one-fourth to one- third of the childrén harbor viru- lent diphtheria germs during the course of a single year. This condition lasts, on. the average, not more than two weeks. Bat these "diphtheria-carriers" of * MADE AT NIAGARA FALLS « ------ while the condition lasts may pass on the disease to their playmates and companions without anyone having any idea of how the dis- ease was spread. It is this fact which makes the use of toxoid so necessary, even if the plain commonsense of the pro- ceeding fails to impress one with its imoprtance. It is almolt a matter of months and little more since the Canadian public began to wake up to the importance of the use of toxoid and to realize that universal use of it would completely wipe out this old-time terror of the house- hold. Now, we have the spectacle of whole classes of children being protected and groups of doctors and nurses, in large cities, immun- izing hundreds of children against the disease. The efficacy of the measure soon becomes apparent, Five years ago, toxoid was given to thou~ sands of New York school child- ren, By last year, that eity's death rate from the disease had been reduced by 41 per cent and 450 young lives are, therefore, be- ing saved annually as a result. Half a million New York child- ren have now been protected ana, in addition to the saving of lives, the total number of diphtheria cases has been cut down 34 per- cent, Statistics gathered from 70 Am- erican cities are also available and where the diphtheria death rate was lowest--New Haven, Conn, and Youngstown, Ohio, where, in each case, the rate was 0.6 per 100,000 of population--are both cities where there have been inten- sive campalgns for the use of toxs oid among the children. New Haven, for instance, with 36,000 school children has not had a single death from diphtheria dur- ing the past two school years. In the same length of time, there have been only 25 cases of the di- sease, 24 of which had never re. ceived as much as one dose of tox- oid. Brantford is one of the Canadian cities where toxoid has received great attention. The value of the procedure has been completely de- monstrated there. A report from that city a few months ago, cov- ering the preceding quarter-year, revealed the fact that here had not been a solitary case of diphtheria in the city during all that time. C.N.R. FREIGHT TRAIN DERAILED IN N.B, Moncton, N.B., Feb, 27.--Twen- ty-three cars of an east-bound Canadian National Railways freight train were derailed near Aulac Saturday, acusing traffic to be held up. Eight of the 23 cars were loaded with freight. About eight lengths of roadbed was torn up by the cars when they left the rails, highly interesting, The two places [qumma---- LUKE FURNITURE COMPANY An Exceptional Opportunity ! BED OUTFITS Simmon's Walnut Finished Steel Bedstead, fitted with strong link Spring and extra fine quality white cotton Mattress, covered in good strong Art Ticking. Regular $27.20. February Special, $19.75 63 KING STREET E. 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