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Bowmanville ------------------------ Ivers Kelly, Bowmanville, representative, Telephone 300 Add Two Year Course Practical Agriculture Boys' Training Course at Bowmanville Insti- tution Will Give Students Thorough Knowledge of Agriculture--Covers Every Department of the Industry (By Staff Reporter) Bowmanville, Sept. 12. -- Establish- ment of a two- -year course in practi= cal agriculture is announced today by Director E. P. Bradt of the Ontario Boys Training School farm here, This course covers every section of practi cal farm work such as abtains in On- tario, and in addition special class and research work gives the students a thorough grounding in 'the science of agriculture, Farm training has been given strong emphasis since the school was estab- lished two years ago. Announcement of a two year course, however, indi- cates that the work has now heen re- duced to schedule and designed to give the maximum of training in the short- est time possible, * Special provision is made so that older or more mature boys may complete the course in much less time than is officially laid down. Beginning with the term which start- ed this month, a group of younger hoys began the fall section of the year's work which covers the follow- ng: Horses, harnessing and unharness- ing; different parts of harness and what each is for; practice in hitching and unhitching horses from wagons and farm implements; grooming horses and care of harness and stables, Cat- tle, white-washing and cleaning stah- les; bedding down and grooming dairy cattle; preparing feed, but not feed- ing; milk records and how kept. Swine, white-washing and cleaning pens; pre- paring food and cooking garbage. Poultry, cleaning yards and runs; white washing and clganing 5; mix- ing mash and study of poultry foods: DODD KIDNEY Having taken over the Shoe Shining business formerly own. ed by Ed. Bouckley, King St. E., I will give you prompt and efficient service, | 'Fadies' shine a specialty, H. McDonald | crops: School poultry records, Farm Science Field crops, preparing sheaves of different kinds of grain' for class room work; digging, sorting, and grading potatoes ; harvesting mangels and tur- nips and storing. Orchard and garden, harvesting boys' plots and computing yields; picking, grading, and packing apples; protec- tion of young trees against mice; har- vesting, grading, and storage of car rots, beets, onions, parsnips, cabbage, and all vegetables for school and mar- ket purposes. Weeds and weed seeds; collection of at least 20 varieties of noxious weeds and pressing and mounting of same. Collection of at least 20 kinds of weed seeds and labelling, Soils: Collection of samples of soil for experimental work on soils in class room, Storing of soil for hot heds and germination work. Studying different types of soil as they appear on the farm, Winter term, January to March, Livestock, breeds and breed character- | istics--horses, cattle, sheep, swine and poultry. Judging classes of all kinds | of live stock and poultry, Selection of | breeding pens in poultry, Lantern slides and motion pictures illustrating breed types, and breeds of live stocks, Judging and housing of live stock and other farm work portrayed in picture form. Computing monthly daily re- cords from herd hook. Testing milk and cream, Field crops, idestification of varieties of cereals and a study of their various | economic uses. Cleaning and prepar- | ing grand for seed. Germination tests ' of seeds. Drawing of various legumes and grasses used as forage crops. Orchard and 'Garden, cultural meth- ods for various kinds of trees and bush fruits. Cultural methods for various vegetables to be grown! in garden and | chool plots. Methods of staking out! Hi and computing areas. Vegetable | types, making drawings of various | kinds of vegetables and a study of de- sirable types of each. Noxious Weeds Weeds and weed seeds, identifica- tion and drawing of at least 20 noxious weeds and weed seeds. Insects and | fungus diseases: life history of insects; common insects affecting farm crops and live stock, and methods of &on- trolling them. Nature of fungus dis- cases and life history. Common fungus | diseases affecting farm crops, and methods of controlling them. Nature | of fungus diseases and life history. | Common fungus diseases affecting | farm crops, and methods of prevei tion. Treating seeds, grain and potas! toes for fungus diseases. i Agricultural botany, how plants grow ' and their relation to light, heat and moisture. Drawing of different parts of plant and outiine of various func- | tions performed by each part. Soils, treating soils for acidity, ef- fect of lime on soils by experiment, rate of rise of moisture In various types of soils by experiment, effects of working different types of soil when wet in changing their physical condi- tion--demonstrated by experiment. Spring term, April, June. Field Treating of farm grains for smut before sowing, preparation of land and rate of seeding for various farm crops. Orchard and ® Garden, spraying apple orchard. Spraying po- | tatoes and garden crops against blight | and insects, demonstration of pruning | apd grafting fruit trees. Measuring school garden plots and sowing seed, cach boy to have ope plot two rods long: and one rod wide, on which is grown a variety of vegetables. Culti- vation and care of plots. Hoeing and weeding general farm gardens and school plots. Care of tools and imple- ments used in the garden. Cleaning up and burning refuse around farm and garden. : g Second Year French Ivory Specials for Oshawa Fair Week Fine French Ivory Mirrors | Oval or Round, long gud' short handles, Regular Pric: $7.50, Special Price EE - $3.50 7 Ivory Back Brushes I | Best Brushes, Regular price, $3.50, $- cial Price $1.95 Fine French Ivory Combs Regular price $1.00, Special price : ed is in. d year. Bes enter this year fi school rank as apprentices, living 'in their own quarters and under en- tire self-government. Fall term, September to December. Care and management of horses, cat- tle, sheep and swine. Practical work in feeding above classes of stock in na- ture of project work. Learning to milk and care of milk and cream. Pragti- cal work in plowing and use of other farm =miplemgnts. Poultry: Care and management of poultry including breeding, feeding, and housing, Each boy required to take care of a pen of laying hens, keeping records of feed consumed and eggs produced. Field crops, harvesting of experimen- tal plots and computing yields, Prac- tical work in threshing grain nd fill- ing silo, Harvesting potato and root crops. Orchard and garden, picking, grading and packing of apples. ar- vesting and storing vegetables, Winter term, January-March. Live stock, where to look for unsoundness in horses, practical judging of all class- es of live stock, building plans for housing live stock including systems of ventilation. Testing milk and cream. Determining monthly milk and butter fat production for each cow in herd. Principles of feeding all classes of live stock. Lantern slides and mation pic- tures used in illustrating breeds and breed types. Poultry, setting incubators, handling brooders. Watching and rearing of young chickens. Selecting breeding pens, General care and management of flock for winter egg production. udging Field crops, study of varieties of grain; judging samples of all kinds of grain, grass and clover seeds; selec- tion of grain for seed. How to set up and use fanning mill, Cleaning up of farm seed grains. Rotation of crops, Legumes and their value on the farm, Field root productions. Insects and fungus diseases, detailed study of life history of insects harm- ful to farm crops; insecticides and their use; detail study of fungus dis- eases ; fungicides and their use. oils and farm drainage. Study of origin of soils, different types of soils, | in relation to heat, moisture, eva: | poration, mulching and cultivation, ada ining and increasing soil fertil- ity. Capillarity of soils. Benefits de- rived from drainage. Principle of tile underdrains. Methods of installation and upkeep. Agriculturzl hotany, study of strue- ture of plants and how they obtain food from soil and air. Classification of plants into economic families. Fegtilizers. and matures, commercial fertilizers, their use and how to deter- mine their value. Different constitu- ents used in making up commercial fertilizer, farm yard manure and its composition and value. Care of farm yard manure in order to prevent loss of plant food. Final Term Spring term, April-June. Live stock, preparing horses for spring work, practical work in driving horses draw- ing implements during spring seeding. General work around barns, poultry house, and piggeries, Orchard and garden. Pruning, spraying, and fertilizing orchard. Ex- perimental plots. Each apprentice will have a garden plot and in addition car- ry on a definite experiment such as testing varieties of grains, roots, or vegetables. Planting and care of farm garden. Field crops, clovers and grasses used for seeding down purposes. Pro- portions to mix and rate for the acre. Treating grain for smut; class to do the treating of all grains on the farm to be used as seed. The rate of seed- ing for all farm crops. General work. During spring term, classes will he allotted definite practi- cal farm work from day to day. This will cover all phases of farm activities during the spring and early summer months, Director E. P. Br: Bradt Explains] Latest Methods to Solve Problem of Underprivileged Youth -- Outlines the New Two Year Course in Prac: tical Agriculture Which Was Recently Inaugurated Bowmanville, Sept. 12. -- tn weply to a request for information ahont the work of the Boys Training School here from Senor Enrique Muris, prin cinal of the Central Agricultural School of Hoa Roque, Mexico, Direztor E. P, Jradt has forwarded the syllabus of the new two year course in practical agriculture which was inaugurated with the current month. In addition, his letter explaining the school's gen- eral methods is of inte rest tQ the many who sce in the Boys Training School's success one of the greatest steps taken in modern times to solve the problem of the underprivileged youth. Director Bradt, with the authority of Dr. Reaman, superintendent of the school, has provided a certain elasti- city in the course to take care of boys older than the ones for whom it is par- ticularly designed to train. At the same time, no boy is arbi- trarily made to study farming, rather, the emphasis is placed on having the hoy find that vocation open to him in the school's curriculum that suits his own talents best. Deves-p Talent "It is our husiness at the school to discover," Mr. Bradt points out, "the boys' talents, and endeavour to fit him lin and training him for the vocation in which he will most With this end in view, the superinten- dent, G. Reaman, Ph.D. has or- ganized departments in wood working, metal working, motor mechanics, phy- sical training and agriculture. Plans are being made to include printing and commercial work. In addition to the above vocational work, there is the re- gular academic course which is handled by two qualified teachers, one of whom is Dead master of all school activities. he first year work in agriculture is de} to give the boy a back ground. In other words, we try to get him familiar with things about the farm, as live stock, machinery, Plants, etc., before trying to do much teaching of the science of agriculture. You will note that the fall term is given over largely to helping out with the general fall work around the place. We do this by dividing the boys in groups, or working parties. under a Semior Boy or experienced farm hand, and assign them definite jobs to do during the day. In this way the boys become fa- miliar with the work around the Poul- try, live stock, dairy, garden and farm, likely succeed. {and are able to more intelligently fol- science of the class low the teaching of the these subjects later on in room. "The winter term is given over more [to class room work, although the boys continue to do their work proud the barn, piggeries, and poultry nt, f morning, noon, and might. Two or haves 2 day are elven over to feaching Agriculture in the class room Lug dus term. "With the opening of spring, the outside activities begin again, including the planting of a school garden, each boy having a plot two rods by one rod, d on it growing a variety of vege- This garden acts as a labora- tory to work out some of the things taught in the class room. They also put into practise many of the things that have been taught, such as the [treatment of seed grain for smut, spraying and pruning of the orchard, and other work around the farm. 11a bles. "If a boy as thirteen years of age. land has decided to follow agriculture as a wocation, he may apply to he an- prenticed to the farm department. His application will be considered by the staff of the school, and if it is thought advisable, he will be appointed. These boys are allowed certamn pay for their work. The amount being based on the progress the boy makes in his practical farm work, and according to the grade There are three grades dur- ing the apprentice course, A, B and C, promotion taking place from one 10 ot] Information of Work of Boys' Training § School Forwarded exico in Reply to Request { C is the beginners grade. In this they are required to do general barn, stable and farm work. In Grade B they begin to handle and drive horses, and are given more responsibility in the way of preparing feed for live stock, and other farm work, We call A the specialization grade. By the time the boys reach this grade, most of them will have shown preferences for certain branches of farm work, such as poultry, dairying, gardening, fruit growing, etc. They can then specia- lize if they so desire, in these branch- es, or if more interested, in general farming, they can get a certain amount of training in cach one of them. Class Work "In a general way, our plan is to have the appreptices Spend half p day in the class room, and half a Bs in Then a practical work on the farm. few months before they are ready to leave the school, we put them' on as full time workers, and haye them, de- | vote their whole time to the practical | side of .their work. This prepares them. for what they will be required | to do when they leave the school. "We have two ways of supervising the boys' work, first by myself, and the other experienced men, who make up the regular farm staff, and second- ly, by the Grade A boys, who have learned to do farm work, and know how we wish it done. This works out very well, as some one is always re- sponsible to see that the work is per- formed and done right. "The best way I find to interest the buys, is to keep things in the nature of project work as much as possible. For instance, give the boy the respon- sibility of looking after a pen of poul- try. Have him keep records of feed used, and eggs produced. If several boys have pens, it creates a spirit of healthy rivalry as to who can produce the most eggs, and do so the most economically. The same plan can be worked in the garden and dairy work. The boys weigh the milk at each milk- ing, and it develops into a sort of game as to who can get the most milk from the cows they are milking, or the most garden stuff from their garden plot. After this interest is aroused, they seem to take to the larger farm activities with a lot more enthusiasm." CORRECT IDEAS OF GOD ARE ESSENTIAL Declares Robert J. Shires, in Discussing Needs of Tomor- row's Citizens Bowmanville, Sept. 11.--"Oaur forefathers gave religious instruec- tion in the home to their children. They may mot have known much of theology as we kmow jt today, but they were imbued with the spir- it and love of their Heavenly Father, and tried to impart some of it te their loved ones. They followed the command of their Lord Jesus, aad fed His lambs as well as they were able. But the people of today, who are more able than their parents were to teach their successors, are shifting the responsibility to others." Such was the sermon this morning by the Reverend Robert J. Shires, M.A.. B.D., pastor of St. John's An- glican Church here, based on that enunciation by Jesus Christ to his disciple, Peter, "Lowest thou Me? feed My ams" "If a child comes to you," com- tinued Rev. Mr. Shires, "and asks you what prayer is, asks you if you speck to God. and if God speaks to you, what do you answer? Deo you say what some people say that such is the case, or do you most emphatically out of your own knowl- edge, tell the child, that God hears and listens to us when we pray, and that he does answer us? "Unless you know positively that God has entered your own heart, and that you know God. you can be sure you will not be able tp give the child the counsel it meeds. Where Aothing has entered, nothing Ai vi lg A My dear it is plain that I'll have to explain Over and over and over again Plain York's really great It's the best chocolate With flavour and quality splendid for Jane. Mothers and fathers who have tried Plain York chocolate realize at once how pure it is, how wholesome, Not too bitter, not too sweet, but with all the deliciousness of pure plain chocolate, Plain York is the triumph of 200 years of experience in fine chocolate making, Just try a bar--to-day, I li Also in larger sizes * oI "We still have some old pagan | soundly fdeas. We strive today to that state | represented by the old Latin prov- erb, 'A sound mind in a sound body'; but let me say that the tomorrow's citizens . will balanced, - unless correct principles of religion and ideas of God are early inculecated. And yet | when people are approached to help minds of |= Sunday School work, they shirk, not be |and say they are not fitted. They there are work. others "1 say again, feed My lambs." " (Continued on page 8) who ---- can shift the responsibility, saying that do the 'Lovest thou Me? Proving the Reality of Furniture Moderately Priced Every day persons buying furniture in this store express their surprise upon learning how little good furniture really costs bere. And icng-time acquamtanceship with our qualities and standards further impresses this upon their minds. The steady growth in business and the increasing number of customers Luke Furniture Company enjoys every year, is an- other very definite proof of the right balance between price and quality maintained here. Our stocks are large and varied, and by specialization we baye brought prices down to bedrock. All buying opportun- ities are quickly grasped, resulting in the sicady continuity of low prices asked for our merchandise. LUKE Furniture Company 63 King SL EE Phone 79 > -- -- ---