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by Dairy Farmer top Six Inches This Dominion Day the coun try Is wearing its most hopeful look- The storm has blown over and the air is brisk and while there Is an odd field of hay look ing- brown and gray there are lot of others green and promis ing It is very difficult to re member how the weather was other years sure we can re call that it rained or that it was very dry but this is a mental based on something that in our mind The feeling is gone and may be it is the right thing because If we could remember what we felt all the hopeless and mis erable feelings that confront us from time to time it would be a very difficult experience to live at all And so the las few days when downpour followed down pour and the soggy hay turned brown in the field the feeling of frustration and despair was the same we must have had most of last spring and summer There is also a tendency to awing the other way and be came complacent and careless While last year a half day of dry weather pushed us to great exertions to get hay in this year when it is a little eas ier io do it we go along with out the supreme effort and it fakes a storm to make us realize that this is still the same game of farming where one doesnt leave anything for the next day that can be done today There is a general feeling of optimism around the country though We spent a day in West ern Ontario last week and it felt good to see the crops and the cattle on pasture We watched the president of one of our breed association scuffling a field of corn straight as an rods long It was good corn too on dark land that looked rich and fertile and we again felt that while we are concerned with prices and markets and other conditions basically as long as we have good crops and good production we can weather a lot of diffi culties From the Files of When the barn is full of feed and the fields are and pro mising and coming alone to suit the season it is difficult to he despondent We saw several herds of cattle and breeders just beginning be dairy farmers Living in this district an area where dairying is ah old game and where first one neighbour and then another gives up this occupation of age land prices or storage of labour it is not easy to recall the days when dairying was as fresh and as much the sign of hopefulness as it is in some parts of Western Ontario Maybe life is just a little less complicated there than it is here and maybe the difference be tween what those farmers used to do and dairying is very mark ed In any case they seem to be more hopeful than we arc some times on the outskirts of Tor onto Another difference we noticed was the number of large bulk milk trucks on the highways We saw more just this side of Lon don than we see around here The bulk tank is well accepted there its shining newness and bulging size being a sort of sym bol of well being and fullness to come Maybe all this is just an im pression we got because of be ing away from home but we do not think so because we like to be home It is possible that to be happy is to be contented with what there is It just could be that those peo ple are content with their new herds There are old and ent barns because they have not been indoctrinated with all the economics we had learn and havent reached point of frust ration yet knowing that all this could be even more profitable with better equipment less lab or and better buildings They dont talk loose housing pipeline milking and stable cleaners they just throw in an other row of stanchions and milk more cows They maybe well be hind the times but they feel hopeful and smiling 25 and 50 Years Ago years ago July Albert The school gard en Much attention has been giv en to the garden in connection with the teaching of agriculture in our public school and the tea cher Miss Dixon and her pupils feel justly proud of the display of flowers and vegetables as the result their efforts But of late some people have been In the habit of sneaking up under darkness and off var ious vegetables from the child Tens plots If this practice con tinues it is proposed to make an example as some of the parties are known Farm Produce Ordinary mar ket last Saturday morning Buy ers paying as follows dressed ciiickens lb butter 20c lb strawberries box 2 for 25c eggs doz potat oes basket or a bag lettuce 5c bunch green peas small basket Barn Struck by Lightning In the electric storm that passed over this section on Wednesday of last week a barn belonging Mr Seymour on the Second of East was shattered by lightning but did not take fire Mr is now making repairs and putt ing on metal shingles 25 Mr and Mrs Fred motored to on Thurs day of last week Miss Queenic Molfcnhauer is back from Fort William and is spending a few days at Preston Lake accompanied by Mrs A 25 Mrs Albert Chantler of Spo kane Wash is visiting at the St Homestead with her brother Mr Chas Lewis Miss Helen Marshall will Upend Dominion Day at Miss Eva Marshall Is spending the weekend at nia and Detroit THIS ONE DIDNT GET AWAY Iftes to yO his caught the 48Inch gar pike at Honey Tea big pikes downfall was started when ha went tUL GrlUlQ fating line It took Upmarket and a Pages from the Newspaper Serving Newmarket and the rural districts of North York The Newmarket Era The Express Herald 1895 years ago July 5 A Bush Corner Things have a busy appearance around the corner of Millard and Joseph Avenues Mr two new houses will have their roofs on this week The brick cladd ing of Mr Brooks new house is almost completed The painting Mr Burkes house and Mr Oliver Hutts house is just a- bout finished and they look well The garden at the residence of Mrs last Thursday was a decided success in every way beautiful evening large crowd immense strawberries and excellent pro gram Every person was pleased to see Mrs Moore again and hear her sing her Scotch songs New Mail Carrier The con tract for carrying the stage mail made by Mr Morton ex pired on Saturday night and Mr took charge of His Majestys mail on Monday 50 There was a family reunion on Monday at Mr Mr Geo of Winnipeg Dr M A of New York Mr Cecil Bastedo of Ottawa and and Mrs Scott of Sutton being home 50 Mr McCaffrey deputy re gistrar for North York has ac cepted a situation in the Cust oms Office Toronto and moved to the city on Tuesday Mr and Mrs It Cole and daughter of DArcy St spent a few days last week with Mr and Mrs King Jacksons Point Mr Graham Wcdcl and fam ily spent Dominion Day holidays with his sisters in the city and at Mr and Mrs Caldwell of Barrio and Mrs Noble of Bradford visited Mrs C Ft Clark on Mondav every Thursday at 30 Charles St Newmarket by the Newmarket Era and Express Limited Subscription for two Tears for in advance Single copies are each Member of Class A Weeklies of Canada Canadian Weekly Newspapers Association and the Audit Bureau of Circulations Authorized as Second Class Mail Post Office Department Ottawa John E Struthers Managing Editor Caroline Ion Associate Editor George Haskett Sports Editor Lawrence Racine Job Printing and Production THE EDITORIAL PAGE THURSDAY THE FOURTH DAY OF JULY NINETEEN HUNDRED AND FIFTYSEVEN GAS PIPES PAY TAXES Reported minor complaints last week about in conveniences during the laying of natural gas pipes in Newmarket are offset by the gas companys efforts to please the public Concerned about the minor complaints Consumers Gas company officials state that the firm is desirous of preventing any inconvenience to local resi dents A cleanup man is sent to any point in town where a complaint is made following the laying of pipe In some areas the company has built completely new sidewalks and along Eagle St new pavement has been laid where there was no pavement previously The most modern methods are used to lay the pipe For example where pipe must be laid below pavement watercooled saws cut a trench merely 12 inches wide which is filled again and repaved Construction officials are instructed to prevent inconveniences to residents Company officials claim they have had few com plaint calls from residents It has avoided laying pipe on Main St so that there will be no business tieups It is recalled that there was a sorrowful mess on Main St a few years ago when new pavement and sidewalks were constructed Probably the most important factor which will offset minor inconvenience at the present is that the gas pipes will pay taxes The pipelines are to be assessed and the gas company will pay taxes to help re lieve the residents financial burden in Newmarket JOHN rUL ON WRITING CLEARLY Many bulletins press releases and just plain pro paganda sheets cross this desk each month One we have come to cherish both for content and style is the Royal Bank of Canadas Monthly Letter This month we read it with more than the usual interest since it concerned in essence our own craft The essay is a pertinent sec ond thought for professionals and an excellent starting point for beginners That is why under the heading Pages from the Editors Notebook we have printed a shortened version Writing is a difficult business No one is born with ability Ability is the end product of constant discipline hard work a genuine desire for constant improvement and an inner urge to communicate Writing for most of us means a letter personal or business containing in formation of moment for some other person for a pro fessional it is a way of life a necessary part of his ex istence But on both the demand for clarity falls though not with equal weight for the professional who cannot write clearly is a failure while the amateur is only a nuisance Few of us will die with the knowledge that what we have written will be treasured by posterity for what we have had to say or the manner in which it was said Few of us will be secure in the knowledge that what we have done has been of great the pattern of human events Men have written large in the pages of history their words and deeds have counted for much but progress is more than dumb on the part of the many of a leechlike ride on the shoulders of the It is the sum of many smaller excellences it is the result of a continuing demand for improvement in the way of life of every man This might seem like a long way from the mechanics of writing but it is part of an approach to living whoso significence is shown in many ways The age in which we live is complex and its pitfalls are many The science of communications has reached the point where we are saturated with ideas appeals and inducements It would be more than easy it would be a common failing to uncritically accept this inundation If we are to make any sense of detailed and complex situations then the faculty of clear thought must be cultivated and this begins when we attempt to our thoughts to others OUR SIDE OF THE STORY by HARVEY POVERTY DOES NOT PROMOTE VIRTUE It this age and this continent wore as materialistic as some of our critics would have US it would not be necessary to argue that poverty is a bad thing Unfortunately it is nec essary Of course most of us act as if poverty were bad As in dividuals we try improve our economic position and as voters we expect the government to keep us prosperous Many of our moralist how ever maintain that it Is good to be poor and bad to Ik rich Some of our comfortable brother- ev en say that the poor are as hap py as the rich When a serious student says that the wealthy arc not happ ier than the poor what he must mean is that the very wealthy are not necessarily happier than those who are moderately well- off the millionaire may be no happier than the average farm er or manual worker in the US or Canada Surely no one would contend that our peo ple are less happy than the av erage Egyptian or Indonesian the really poor people in the world The plain fact is that poverty means misery weariness hun ger cold and It means also a cramped intellect ignor ance and superstition The moralists may admit that the poor are not happy but eon- tend that they are more virtuous If that were true it would be a fateful blow to any optimistic view of the universe If the uni verse wore so designed that in order to be good we have to ho cold hungry and ill and live in ignorance and superstition it would reflect no credit on th Designer Fortunately it is not so designed A comfortable or moderately prosperous people will be better than a poverty- stricken people morally as well as in every other way Any one who doubts it should read Bert- rand Russells little essay On the Superior Virtues of the On- pressed Such evils as thefts alcoholism and prostitution are often traceable to poverty There may be some truth in the popular idea that the weal thy are wicked but that is no proof that poverty produces vir tue The truth is that in certain corrupt or illregulated societies the unscrupulous individual has a great advantage in the compet itive struggle It is also true that absolute power corrupts Irres ponsible holders of power dicta tors and oligarchs regularly use their power to make themselves wealthy In those cases wealth and wickedness go together not because wealth leads to wicked ness but because wickedness leads to wealth Poverty does not make men better it makes them bitter Wo have long recognized the effect of injustice in creating hatred in the hearts of its victims What has been overlooked is the way that the poverty of a society fecls the minds of the wealthy In a society in which the people live in hopeless poverty the wealthy accept the fact as natur al They realize that giving ill their wealth to the poor could make no permanent difference in the lot of the poor The weal thy then are unlikely to make any effort to relieve poverty and suffering If those in position- power art humans and sensitive men as were several of the Emperors who were Stoics the poverty of the masses creates a kind of sorrowful numbness which not only discourages vig orous efforts to effect improve ments but takes the joy out of life even for the wealthy It is interesting to note that he materialistic communists cynical sophisticates and cer tain moralists join in deriding the bourgeois virtues of in dustry and thrift Those virtues Editors Notebook to which are often added hon esty and sobriety are said to merely the reflections of class interest and class bias Similarly the low opinion of the poor held by Plato and Aris totle is often dismissed as mere class prejudice One point of superiority claimed for Christ ian morality is its recognition of the worth of the poor man We usually overlook the fact that much of the criticism of the wealthy in Christianity is clear ly class bias the bias of the poor The Sermon on the Mount in Lukes version is a tirade gainst the wealthy Christians are exhorted to he merciful but there to be no mercy for the wealthy In the parable of Dives and Lazarus the rich man is condemned to hell for no apparent reason except that he is rich The point is that the pov erty of the early Christians had its usual effects It made them cruel and vindictive towards the wealthy The fact that Plato and Aristotle belonged to the com fortable class may account for their low opinion of the poor it also may account for the fact that their philosophy contains nothing so merciless as the Chri stian idea of hell Poverty hard- ons the heart no less than does riches hear no more the blessings of poverty The state is the servant not the master of the people the stale is their guarantee against infringement an their rights their agent in international and national issues it is not the function of the state to assume the direc tion of those activities which rest on individual choice Clearness in writing a letter consists in this that you write what you wish to say in the spirit in which you wish it to be received and in such a way that your reader gathers both the spirit and the facts without effort We arc not interested in this Monthly Letter with the mech anics of letter writing There are already many comma sleuths type addicts and gram matical high priests engrossed only in the techniques It is the message that is important Wo need punctuation clear typo and grammatical construction as ser vants but our purpose in using them is to write so that we shall be understood in the spirit in which we write Think of the reader Some persons will say that business is objective mechani cal dealing with commodities and services rather than with people How absurd it is to say so when every business man knows that every sale every purchase every contract every financial deal depends upon the word yes or no from some human being Imagine yourself talking to the reader instead of writing Almost automatically you wilt find yourself answering quest ions he might ask if he were sitting across the desk from you Go farther than the bare facts demanded in a question Find nut what more you can do Often there is a point of information that would be helpful to your reader about which he failed to inquire The writers responsibility It is unjust it is immoral and it is unbusinesslike not to know what you mean to shrug a care less shoulder and say that you write what you write and the reader should make his own in terpretation There is of course some re sponsibility laid upon the read er of a letter A writer should not be required to write in some magic sort of way so that an inattentive n g careless inefficient or fool ish reader is compelled to un derstand what Is said Analyse and assemble Clear thinking is needed for wise action in every field of hu man action but in none more than in writing letters We need adequate informal- ion That is the basic material of all verbal reasoning The in formation has to be exact let us have no woolly ideas in the foundation of our thinking or we cannot avoid in the structure we erect upon it Putting this into practise can bo the greatest enjoyment on earth for a writer of letters The alertminded man finds greater satisfaction in digging up the answers to questions than in an swering them when the answers come easily A writer makes a gross mis take when he trios to cram into his renders mind a mass of un organized ideas facts and view points We have to classify and conquer the elements in ourselv es before we can write with any certainty of appealing to the in telligence of others The right words A stock of good words culled from excellent authors is a pre cious thing There is a feeling in words as well as sense Words are sounds and written words are the musical score of meaningful sounds Those same symbols are given to us with which to influence people All we need do is choose them wis ely and use them imaginatively Mark Twain is quoted as saying The difference between the word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug Putting words together Jonathan Swift said shrewd ly that writing style is proper words in proper places To con quer the harshness of sense and the of facts so often encountered in daily work needs the management and creative power of people who have sot their sights upon true word ar tistry Let US look at Shakespeares Hamlet In it you will find a hundred homely phrases that have become part of our langu age and there is not a difficult word among them Here are ex amples picked without great searching from the first Act Not a mouse stirring The trapp ings and the suits of woo Frail ty thy name is woman A truant disposition shall not look up on his like again More in sor row than in anger More in rose path Something is rotten in the State of Denmark Neith er a borrower nor a lender be To thine own self be true Whatever painters of pictures may claim as their liberties in spreading their thoughts before the public the writer cannot demand that license he is under obligation to be explic it He will fall if he fills let ters with affectation and con ceit if he tries to cover up lack of matter with splashes of novel ty if ho abandons simplicity a criterion of beauty There are rare occasions when great golden phrases are need ed and fitting Everyone feels at some time the urge to break in to rich prose or poetry The place to sow such literary wild is in a private garden not in the field of business About simplicity The Editorial Manual and Style Guide of MacleanHunter Publishing Co Ltd- Toronto has this to say The ideal article has been described as one on so that the words for chil dren and the meaning is for men That can be fl guide for letter writing also This is not a plea for an sort of writing Far from it We in business charged with writ ing and reading letters have graduated from the primer If you are going to stand out clearness at any price then you are going to shut out yourself and your readers from rrr- good things because many things cannot bo told in primer language except by being put falsely Be concise Use short direct simple statements to cover your points and state them in well- organized order When you arc inclined to use often the words and but however consequent ly in the middle of your sent ences try putting in a period instead Give facts exactly and as com pletely as is necessary It is more important for you to be sure you have given the needed in formation than it is to get all the mail into your out bask et before noon Define problems solutions and words for yourself before putt ing them into writing Some of the greatest disputes would cease in a moment if one of the parties would put into a few clear words what he understands the argument to bo about Be meaningful Words need to have not only meaning in them selves dictionary meaning but meaning in the setting in which they are used They should convey a message not merely the symbol of a sound It is said that certain New Guinea people announce important ev ents by beating drums passing the signals from hilltop to hill top All that the signals tell is that something has happened a- which the listeners had bet ter become excited That should not be but sometimes is the only effect of letters- Some pitfalls Loose or unattached pronouns can cause trouble An airplane accident was traced to the fact that when the pilot ordered his copilot Pull up the co pilot raised the flaps instead of the landing wheels The them being loose attached itself to a different context in these two minds Avoid exaggeration It is es sentially a form of ignorance replacing poverty of language Keep adjectives in reserve to make your meaning more pre cise and look with suspicion on those you use to make your lan guage more emphatic Beware of words with two or more meanings After fifteen years of research a Columbia University professor learned that the word run has meanings A little girl meeting for the first time the hymn There is a green hill far away Without a city wall was right ly puzzled as to why a green hill should have a wall at all The word without meaning out side had not yet come within her knowledge Avoid jargon Even the most learned scientist docs not order a dinner or propose marriage in fivesyllable words some of them manufactured specially for his own use A creative purpose Writing a letter is not routine Every letter has some creative purpose else it has no reason for being written It is designed to win or increase friendship to bring in an order to get goods you want or to perform some other function that will add to your personal or business well- being This means using constructive imagination It is a mistake merely copy form letters out of a book Be original Learn the principles of clear writing and set your own course A horse cant win a race by following in the steps of another horse says James Bender in his book Make Your Business Letter Make Friends McGrawHill Book Co Inc New York To sum up The letter writer who cam- to improve his work will wish to read further and deeper Take Shakespeare for the con crete simplicity of his word pic tures Read the parables and the Gettysburg address for the com prehensive way they convey great feelings about ordinary events If you can make time to enjoy reading a book about an other art whose principles can be adapted by you to your writ ing read John Buskins The Se ven Lamps of Architecture He tells great truths about compos ition and structure about sim plicity and the light and shadow of art The principles that these writ- used are as vital today as were when written Com plexity of living has come upon us with our progress in science and technology The essence of physical evolution is movement away from the more simple to wards the more complex But in our social contacts we need to put forward every effort to move from complexity to sim plicity The man who fail to try lo write so clearly as to be under standable to the audience he de sires to reach is lazy or affect- If ha does not knov the sub ject about which writes he is a pretender If he does know his subject and cannot express his thoughts he is merely in competent