'J 1 |i.! 1 U *-'â- ? £nxlaBd's Common Hangman. The death of Marwood, the common hang- man, which took place recently, terminated a somewhat remarkable career. The de- ceased's illness was of short duration. It began with an attack of jaundice, and was aggravated by other complications. Mar- wood assumed the office of executioner on the retirement of Csdcraft about ten or a dc^'^n years ago. He had occaaionally assist- ed ilcraft, and showed an expertness in Jissharging the ghastly duties of his office. Public executions bad been abolished when ag3 and increasing iufirmity caused the re- tirement of Calcraft and the appointment of ayoungerandmore active man, Marwood was a shoemaker and eaddler by trade, and car- ried on a small but lucrative business at Homcastle, Lincolnshire. What made him particularly notorious was his introduction of the " long drop," by which he claimed to have dispensed with all unnecessary torture. Calcraft not nnfrequently gave his victims a drop of no more than three or four feet, the consequence being that many painful scenes wer eenacted in full view of a horrified public. Marwood's system has been to al- low a fall varying from 7i ft. to 9 J fet., and by a dexterous adjustment of the noose un- der the chin, has almost invariably managed to secure instantaneous death. Some few mishaps have marked his performance of the repulsive duties of a hangman, but these have arisen from causes over which he had no control. The only conspicuous blunder was, singular to say, in the last execution at which he was called upon to officiate â€" namely, the sensational case at Durham a few weeks ?go. When Marwood was appointed to the post he was successful for some time in keeping thp fact from the knowledge of his neigh- bors, but when it became known his pres- ence in the little town of Homcastle was not at all appreciated, and he was continu- ally hooted at and hissed. This practice gradually wore off, and when not engaged on his profesaioral duties, or on circuit, as he used to term it, he went in and out as an ordinary morta.1, and his spare time was occupied as a cobbler in a little shop close to the parish church. He took much pride in the manner in which he performed his executions, and was never weary of recount- ing his experiences, and of speaking of the great improvement of the long drop over all other systems previously adopted in this country or elsewhere. Many railway pas- sengers who have met him in a train have heard from his own lips a description of his mode of hurryinsr criminals out of the world, and to show his peculiar vanity in thiarespec!, t may be remembered that only a fev • ays before his last illness he visited the House of Commons and distrib- uted with evident pleasure a number of his professional cards, also shaking hands with several members of the house and leaving his autograph with them. The deceased txccutioner had amassed a fair amount of property, having several cot- tages of his own besides several ether in- vestments, a marked contrast to his former days, when he led a mcst penurious life. He had for some time past contracted rather dissolute habits, and this circumstance ag- gravated his illneis, and .without doubt hastened his death, ii 3 leaves a widow but no son, the statements made from time to time that he was accompanied by his son being incorrect. Nothing is known in Hom- castle as to Marwood's succefsor, but the in- habitants unanimously hppe he will not re- side there. The deceased is said to have been between fifty and sixty years of age. Marwood's firsc appearance in Liverpool in an official capacity was on the 31st of August, 174, at the execution cf a young Irishman named Henry Flanagan, for the murder of Mary Flanagan, in that city and in the same year he executed four other persons at Kirkdale, including the three •' cornermen," for the Tithebarn-street mur- der. His other engagements in Liverpool were not very numerous, and they included Heap, the Gorton abortionist quack doctor, and Fish, the Blackburn barber, who mur- dered and mutilated a child. A special correspondent gives the follow- ing graphic account of interviews with and and experiences of the deceased execntioner; " Would you like to see Marwood?" I asked a lady at Kirkstead station, the junc- tion of the Homcastle line with the main system of the Great Northern, about a fort- night agoâ€" the day, in fact, on which the executioner was returning from Durham after the scene on the scaffold to which at- tention was called in the House of Com- mon" "Certainly I should," was the re- ply. My old friend was standing on the platform, stick in hand, joking with the puiters, and occasionally giving a friendly nod to those who recognised him. "What a benevolent-looking man," was the remark of the lady as soon as he was pointed out to her and ihis would probably be the opinion or every be dy who saw Marwood unofficially. A Iran of middle height, with broad, com- pactly set shouldtrs, dressed in such a coat us a Lincolnshire farmer would wear, with h'lh Llack stock and a low felt hat, he look- ed tie vtry personification of a goot-hu- moired old countryman. It was not on tuch an occasion as tlis, however, that he was seen to the best. Bis place of business was a little one-storey buildin? close to Homcastle Churchyara. Over the door the words, "Marwood, Grown Office," in large letters, showed that he was not ashamed of his work, and a very short conversation with him was sufficient to show hat he looked upon himself as a benefactor ot the human race. Someone had taught him the phrase probably, bat he said in so many words in my first interview with him that he had " reduced the sum of human suffering," and he held his office in as high eateem [as that of the judges of the land. Tee little shop was filled with implements of his work as a country cobbler, but hang- ing from the roof there were some curious coila of rope, concerning which he was par- ticularly proud. Somehow or other he had obtained possession of a rope need by Cal- craft, with a clumsy slip-knot. This was an ordinary piece of cord. He compared it, with considerable self-exultation, with the ropes hanging from the ceiling of the little shop. These were made to his order, he said, in Government wc^-kshops, and there were some sixty good strands in each of them. At one end a spliced loop, at the other a running noose, fashioned Wfh. a knot, as was the case {foretime, but with a clean ring of metal, giving a running noose which made one shudder to look at from another portion of the room. The first time I met him I saw a rope witb which he had just executed a sea captain at Hull, who, as he said, went off like a lamb, and the same rope had served for Peace, Lefroy. Dr. Lansson, and Kate Webster. There was no difficulty in getting hira to talk about his grim occupation. Until he was execntioner he said he had never seen an execution, but for many years he had thought over the subject, and he objected to the way in which Calcraft, as he called it, " choked " his prisoners to death. When it was intimated that Calcraft was about to give up his office, Marwood was one of three who applied from the same neighborhood for the appointment, and he explained how he described to the gentleman who occupied the position of common hangman at Newgate the method of hanging which he proposed to introduce. It â- mil be remembered that about this time a long drop had been at- tempted by an eminent professor in Dublin witn the effect of pulling off the head of the prisoner, and Marwood was exceedingly anxious, as he invariably was to all his visitors, to let us know tha* his method was based upon scientific principles. With his cobbler's apron on, and standing with one foot on his stall, he showed the cruelty of the French method, and what he called the inhumanity of what had been the practice in England. By carefully ascertaining the weight of the criminal, he reckoned that he produced just â€" by his long drop â€" the neces- sary force to dislocate the vertebrae, and cause instant death, "Did you never try," said one of my friends, " to hide from the Homcastle people the nature of your new occupation " " Why," BW Marwood, with a cheery smile and with a peculiar twinkle of the eye, which showed how he realized the joke, " I did, and when they used to ask me where I had been, when I came back from the station with my little black bag, I said, ' On a little private business.' " " Are you never nervous about this work of yours " was another question put. "England," he said, "does not send nervous men out for a job of this kind, and why should I be nervous There is a judge and the jury, and then the Home Secretary, and, you may depend upon it, when a pri- soner comes into my hands, he deserves his fate." Marwood, be it noted, never talked about "hanging;" he always used the word "execution," and on his cards, which he printed himself from an india-rubber stamp, were the words, "William Marwood, execu- tioner, Church-lane, Homcastle, Lincoln- shire, E.ngland." The story is a true one that at an important international confer- ence one of these cards was quietly slipped amongst the list of speakers, to the utter discomfiture of the gentlemen who received it. It may be taken for granted that three parts of the newspaper stories that appear about Marwood are untrue. He had a per- fect hatred of newspaper men, and I should never have been on terms of intimacy with him had he known that I belonged to the Press." "Lying rascals," he used to term all reporters, and, as an illustration of this, he mentioned an incident in connection with the execution of Lefroy. The newspaper men, he said, thought that when he laid hold of Lefroy, after pinioning him, the prisoner was fainting. •' All my eye," said Marwood " Lefroy meant mischief, and if I had not had him by the belt I believe he would have given me a run round the yard." It was not an unusual thing for Marwood to receive an intimation that prisoners who were committed to his hands had declared that they would be dragged from the cells to the scaffold, and he was often advised to have an assistant, but, said he, " When I tap them on the shoulder they always come with me " and, accordingly, he gava many prisoners confid^ce by the words which he whispered in therf ears, which were, as he told me, that he would not hurt them, and it would soon be over. By the way, it wis noticeable in all conversations I had with him, that he never referred to the execution of Dr. Lamson without making the remark that "the doctor died like a gentleman," Once or twice, persons I introduced to him were anxious to see the process of pinioning, and he would fasten his shop door, and produce his appliances. I have talked to people who have seen him at executions and who could not understand my description of him as a genial, jovial man. The explanation was to be found in tha tact that as soon as he had his apparatus in his hand he appeared to become at once, even in his iittle shop, fiercely interested in his work. All his implements were of his own make the belt which encircled the waist of the prisoner, and to which were at- tached the straps" for the arms, was of pecu- lar strength, and where it met the buckle the eyelet holes were so close together that that they almost touched. With an amount of strength which would hardly have been auticipated from a glacce at the man, he drew the strap to the very last eyelet, and then fastened the arms. "Now," said a friend, who had had been pinioned in this way, " where do you put the thimble of the rope " " Well," replied Marwood, " that is one of the points, but if you will allow your head under my hands for a moment I will show you." There was a sudden gasp on the part of the person pinioned, and he asked Marwood not to do it any more. The execntioner was very angry at the at- tempts that were made by priiion authori- ties generally to obtain from him the ropes with which prisoners were executed. Their object was, he said, to make a sort of mus- eum, but he preferred to keep his own mus- eum, and as has been before mentioned, the same rope served many culprits. Before every execution he had supplied to him very exact information as to the age, size, weight, and occupation of the prisoner with whom he had to deal, and probably he has taken to the grave the principle upon which he calculated the length of the drop, for he never would tell anybody. "They have asked me at the Home Office many a time," he said, "whether I am bringing np any- body else up to follow me, and when I think I am failing it will then be time enough to have an assistant." There were many attempts to get a por- trait of Marwood, but he always refused. An enterpnsmg photographer offered him £50 pne day for a sitting, but he declined, his explanation hw^ t]»*t pne of the tbinra he enjoyed more thaa lByAib|«la» was to go to a to^ by an earlier tram than he was expected by and mix in the crowd that was awaiting Marwood. If his correspond ' p ... •â- •â- , ' • ence has been preserved it will be very curi- ous. Quite recently he showed me a sword of a Japanese execntioner, which had been sent to him by a gentleman from Brighton, and it was certainly of considerable intrin- sic Talue. He had contemplated, he said, putting another storey on to his shop and making a kind of museam, wheie he could •how his friends and neighbors the peculiar things he had collected during his experi- ences as an executioner. Once only he had aa interview with Calcraft, and that was when a party of Americans, I believe, had asked to be allowed to visit old Calcraft. Marwood went with some official to ask Calfcraf t if he would receive visitors. " A little wizen old man," was the description Marwood gave of his predecessor, whom I knew well; and when Calcraft was asked whether he would also see Marwood, he re- plied, not knowing that Marwood was pres- ent, that Marwood was the long-drop beg- gar, with whom he wanted to have nothing to do. Marwood was a pious man, and there was a curious illustration of this upon one oc- casion, when ho was asked what was the programme at an execution. Be it remem- bered that, in the opinion of the old hang- man, the proceedings of the executioner on the fatal day were always of more import- ance in his view than were those of the cul- prit. "Well," said Marwood, "when I get out of bed I do what I don't do every day of my life â€" I kneel down quietly and ask God's blessinir on the work that I have to do, and his mercy for the poor prisoner." Amongst his neighbors he was the mildest of men, and it was his love of company, in my opinion, more than any desire for no toriety that tempted him to make what was called an exhibition of himself at taverns near the gaols to which he had been sum- moned to do his direful duty. Certainly he was fond of a glass, but he used to declare that previous to th^ execution in Ireland, where a prisoner's arm caught in the rope, he never had a single slip, and never made the slightest mistake iu his work. With re- gard to the Durham ca'se, concerning which he was summoned to the Home Office im- mediately after the question had been put in Parliament, he stated that the prisoner fainted at the last moment, and this was the cause of the rope catching in his arm, and he was particularly careful to mention that at the inquest and satisfactorily clear him- self. His opinion was in that in all future executions a warder should stand on each side of the prisoners on a plank extending over the drop, and the loose portion of the rope be tied up to the beam by a slight cord, which would give away with the weight of the body and he declared that he should never undertake an execution again without these precautions being adopted. Many of his Irish experiences were a source of great amusement to him, and an escort used to meet him at Chester and convey hiui across the Channel. Tho story told in the papers that, in answer to an inquiry from a constable, he had stated that if his son were an honest man he would bring him up to succeed his father, but if he were a rogue he would make him a policeman, was a pure fiction, for Marwood had no children. It will be remembered that after some of the early executions connected with the Phoenix Park assassinations Marwood had to pro- ceed to Glasgow, and he related with great glee how an escort which was to accompany him to Glasgow were disappointed when they found that he declined their company, and that he intended to move about England with his little black bag without any pro- tection whatever. It was at Glasgow, while he was preparing the prisoner on the scaffold, that a letter was received by the governor of the gaol, which might have been a respite. The governor signalled to Marwood whilst he read the letter, and it was characteristic of the executioner's kindness of heart that he was careful not to allow the prisoner, by any cessation ot his grim labors, to feel that any delay was taking place. The letter proved to be on other business, and the executioner proceeded. Marwood used to say he never visited a gaol without impressmg on the authorities the importance of doing away with the old scaffold with its flight of steps, and substitute the pits, so that the prisoner, until he was under the beam, had no climb- ing to do. Referring once in a conversation to the arrangements at Kirkdale Gaol, he said with a touch of humor which was never absent from his talk, "Somebody will be killed coming up them stairs if they don't mind." The point of the joke will be ap- preciated when it is mentioned that the steps were never used but tor the purposes of an execution. Tho deceased hangman received very few threatening letters. The most remarkable 18 appended. The others were for the most part hoaxes, but on the original of this letter being sent to the Home Office and compared with other missives of a similar character which were found to have had their source among the Invmcibles, the handwriting was said to be identical. It ran thus ;â€" ..AT t' "^^' 1^^^ May, 1882. Marwood -It was decided lastiight at a meeting of the secret association here to for- ward this communication to you to the effect that no doubt you are longing intense- ly for the job to murder us here by your rope for the wilful murder ot Burke and Cavendish. Well, don't be in a hui^y S- although we are all in Dublin, weue Zi Sh' "'^^ T "'^«»y for This pal?^* ten thousand pounds. Should we be Lest- ed and convicted, on the peril of your life you must not set your foot upon the soil of this Cltv or ftnir «»-* „* *u:- "" "' Ire- •, .^ • j^wi luub upon ine so this city or any part of this country of ire- land If you do you will never go out of it alive. You very narrowlv en^o^S t Armagh the last timTyou we^ th^l H you will not escape theCt Se^yrcome over here, even should you haveJil^T. once and for all. so now beware w1 know Lt ^f*?r "^1^-°° °^«*»kein the cLjjS tioned. Your movements will Be teleeraoh. ed here from the time you leave HomcSMle FOR THE Kidneys, LiYor, and Urinary Organs. THE BEST BLOOD PUEIFIEE. There is only one way by which any disease can be cured, and that is by removinar the causeâ€" wherever it may be. The fcreat medical authorities of the day declare that nearly eyely disease is caused by deranged kidneys or liver. To restore these, therefore, is the only way by which health can be secured. 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Nei- ther can we minutely describe the process by which these beaut iiul portraits are made, hut will endeavor to give you a faint idea of the wonderful 01 LO- GUAl'HS. An ordinary photograph, tin type, or picture of any kind when lirsc received is enlarged upon a Silver plate by a powerful Camera; it has then a beau- tiful and delicate background painted in by hand after this u llrst ciass artist paints the Eyes, Hair, Skin, etc,, giving lo tue picture a most beau'iftil and life- like apptairance, when It is tinalJy tinish- ;d and toned down and the last softening touches are given. After the artist has tinished, it is handed to the framer, wtio puts on a splendid mat which sets otf the picture wonderfully then an clcgint frame with glass and back is put on so that when finished it is as flno a picture as will be found in almost any drawing- room in the land. Uo not imagine we have over-drawn the description. We have been very careful to say exactly the truth and no more. To Agents.â€" You have a splendid field before you. The rich as well as the poor buy these pictures. They are within the reach of the poor as well as the rich. E%'ery mother will want pictures of her little ones every husband of his, wife; ever wife of her husband every lover of his sweetheart; and last, but not least every family will have some beautiful portrait of their dear lost ones. This meets the want long felt and we have agents who send us in as high as 100 pic- tures at one time. All you need to can- vas with is a small original photograph and the splendid OUograph enlarged from It, handsomely framed. The moment people seethe little picture, and the beau- tiful large Oilograpb, they recognize the merit of it at once, and your sale is made. Directions.â€" When you order send photograph (the best you have), in a let- ter, with postage fully prepaid or, if you wish to commence work canvassing at once we will send you sample all com- plete, which is the best plan (framed and ready to hang up), of some of our best specimens, for only $3.00. It always takes a lew days to make a race OUograph, especially in danS vaa- ther, as It takes tim6 to dry the OiTCoi ors. Color or Itair asd B^jes. when n^t clearly indicated in the small nictUM. ""S?/ te?**^ \^S^ instrucC^ Bad ertelBsig, faded, imperfect or any ol the many defects u'able.wn^eaer^ ally be satisfactorily removed, but re- member it is. always best to s^ just m good an origmal •8it.Hiio8«ibleto secnre Xy-of doing everytMngpossiWetoInakeB. CiroupM When two or three are origi- nally taken together, wo make themwitn- out extra charge. We can also separate any picture from the sroup, making ibe Oilograp only from the person you desig- nate. Separate Originals can, if of thesMoe size, be generally put together in one W graph, but this wo cannot promise wr certain until we see them. Alterallons.â€" We can generall.v mi^e any changes required, fuch as r^'novuK a hat (but this is not advisable unlMS you give full particulars as to style oJ mi^ etc„» also changins color of dress, etc. Low Wires.- We employ first class artists, and pay them well to do gow work only. Kemember, good ^vorkcM; not be done for less. Imitators maj counterfeit our circulars, and offer lower prices, but their patrons sooner or laro pay dear for their whistle V\ e strive w please and know how to do it. Talte Xotice.-There are a number m parties in the cotmtry who are trying ' imitate our Oilographs, ami are sending out very inferior goods. ow, we wisn i understood that we are the P'one^o' this business. Therefore, if S-o^JT^.J business that will pay you from ^•'r ., »:5,00 per month, take ho d of this b^i ncs4 in earnest and you ^viU accompMB it. We do not exaggerate when we»J that you can make *.'..00 per daj. utn^ are doing it. and whynotyouj " i take hold of this business ^^e ,^*J„^ iid give it the whole of your at enDOTW work. If you do this you wiU tbanK for sending you thfl"rcular and w^s have the pleasure of adding jo^i w^ large army of active and 8UC"!«^eir agents. We allow agents tom^j.'^^e pic- own price in taking orders for /nese f^ tures, but most of them charge 5^.a" framed, complete. i,„nrired8of Testimoni'ils.-There are bund^8^f testimonials speaking m g'fi"r"v "Wc praise and saiisfacUon. So^^oiinzrapts nad not much faith that your OU^^^^ were really as represented.but we^ „ j happily disappqfnted." ^^^f.^f jou ti do do not see how it is possible tor j so much for so little money. j^^ve writes, " Tho people arcdelignieu. ^^^ over forty orders on hai^?' "nVo.ecapi- week.and if I only had a little mmec^^ tal I could make a big t^^lPSO^^er agent am well satisfied as it is. -^?°i^thin t^o sent us seventy-one pictures weeks. Prices as follows ^«-^^^Jf^ Bize"of"picture"8'xl0, in a splendi --^7 polish and Gold frame, size Hxio^jj^ fully engraved and decoratw ^ft«r heavy gold interior t9 frani^'^each. '*." the first order is received. *-^. ^cork n discount from above pnccs. y ^^ good eUldotieinOil and no one can ^^ vMrk cheaper. Splendid wa cb an free when your vrders amount No one else otfeTs this. „ sampjf Special Notice-Orders for a r^ Oilomaph must be accaropa" jUshiP ca^Sg^flPi Aft«t first order^e^'^^,;, CULP.imTided one-third tnc ou- fMtr I The foot- and VoDgthecatt [tent. fin? A.lf onso, *^g»DQburg. f The cholera ltbr«*°(.**' fetb. numbere( I terrible hi ' J Many hot gels werew It'isbtated tfr. Edward M LeHome Rul« krliament for I Despatches Jjghest indign lovernment w ud Pacific Isla fjlr. Gladstc duced a dee lav lead to the [the Austro( Efforts are b ^ces of Mr. CI le defence of ittee is beiug Vienna inister to ' iDglish reprei ime to an un( A Clonstanti lynamite was lie precinct lence cf the S iled. I The Italian |)ankirk for fsion with tessels iaved. A Berlin de expected meet â- of the first irs attribute Openhagei A great si labor in the •xpected. T teduction of fconsider the c jtessary. A Pans de that the mei posals upon the Marquis iPekin, have ^Chinese Gove •i The Duke ^England, and â- |Germany, wh fiapartment in ^Iplaced at th JLorne and th A Melboun IHanlon, Smi jformers in th [who arrived imitted to h lEnrope. Col. Clibb has been ex Booth, a m prisoned at order prohib ings It is stated at Tamatave, was looted, a ishment by failed to rem sacking his h The Briti York, with been burnec steward of flames, and The balance The Karo is being sec Reviewing t ister of the ance of a sin The dav s of bered. ' There are moored alor men-of-war posted on threatening property if 1 indemnity s daring the r Entjlish the purpose pennagen v the Austrc clare there and say ths ject of thii Wcise of a peace. The Ass( Science has the Eaglish ion was tha from foreij Wheelpous' pression to fle advocs tariflF. A Rome crowd witr the comme Italian tro Syndic, al Vienna, sa Austria an friendship, breath on 1 At Bie C •net Ponby *hom he hi "'nmencec 4e*d. Poi *. McQe •henPorej tte then se Wttmgh h: "'Wiedin t AParU, ..^4 uuviai:^ V^