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* r T » -T -r « /* •* ♦ A. -^ ^â-  T « m : A Chinese Could Teach Us Much In &p>'^. <)' w^i" ^'"1 disturbance, ihe. Chinese farmer even now pro- duces vast quantities of food w-ljich be would be glad to market more widely were it possible. The Chi- nese earth is rich in lood produc- tion, and the Chinese farmer is very ikilled in conserving the soil. . writes Pearl S. Buck, author of "The Good Earth," and otlier fam- ous books, in The New York Times Magazine. The Chinese are farmers of 40 centuries and there they have much to teach the rest of the world. They need help in scientific seed selection and in disease and insect control, which can easily be given them. The primary need of the Chinese" farmer. tHerefore, is not food, but more markets for the food he has. • The abundance of food produc tion in China is more than the , result of necessity. The Chinese are extremely modern in their out look on life. Centuries before Heming-ivay set the fashion for naturalism for our young men and women, the Chinese were natural- istic to their very marrw. Every function of Hfe was meant to be enjoyed. Therefore, food was much more than a necessity â€" it became an art, in production, in cookery, in •ating â€" and an astounding plenty and variety of foods were de . veloped. Those who have wandered over China will remember the ^yonder of the markets even in remote little inland towns. Tubers of land and water, green vegetables infinitely more in number than are eatSn or •vtn known by Americans, melons •f every color and texture and flav- or, meats fresh and dried in a tcore of ways, proteins we do not â- uspect from beans and peas made into vegetable cheese and cured or •aten fresh, sea food of every va- riety, river fi»h of every size and sort, the nuts, the sweets, the fruits â€" I wonder w4iy we do not have toquats, Ohose delicious goldsn fruits of spring, and why we do not kave puoieloes, so much better than grapefruit and greater in variety, »nd why we do not have She many hinds of oersimtnons that the Chi- nese have. . . The big persimmons of the north dried for sweetmeats and dusted with powdered sugar surpass any figs or 'dates, though the Chinese honey dates, delicately »lit with ' needles and then preserved in honey •re the finest in the world. No one who has eaten for years in China, north and south and all •round, in city and village, can Delieve that the Chinese are hungry or thrft they need food â€" primarily, Khat is. Take bread alone â€" in com- parison to the poor pasty product *hi<:h Americans eat for t4ieir, daily • bread, what joy is to be found in ♦he many varieties of Chinese bread the baked, the browned in deep vegetable oil, the steamed in vast trays set into the huge iron cal- dron; bread in loaves^ bread in •akes, bread delicately filled with bean vermicelli and spinach, bread ^lled with flavored pork bits, bread filled with dates crushed in red •ugar. No, I flout the idea tliat the Chi- nese are permanently hungry and that their hunger i« a world prob- lem. I have breakfasted in southern villages with the poor and found delicious the bowls of rice gruel and salted vegetables and hsh. or hi North China the thin sheet of Viiisalted bread wrapped about a fresh stalk of garlic. I have eaten a bowl of home-made noodles flav- ored with soy sauce and sesame oil in a poor wayside inn and I liave eaten official feasts of many cours- es, and all are delicious and abund- ant. The Chinese not only eat well, they eat heartily. They are heavy feeders, especially tlio.se who work at physical labor, which is most of • the people. Not food, but roads, are what the Chinese need, roads whereby to •hare with one another their own plenty. .\ network of good motor roads and freight vehicles to u<e them, conihined with a few main railroad lines and some refrigerator ears, and China's families would be wiped from the record. He Dives Fof Sunken Treasure â€" At left, Botr Forrest is lowered by his helpers into the Cron a Zellerbach log pond at Port Angeles. He's going down to search for "treasure" in the form of sunken logs. "Treasure?" you say. Darn tootin'. Loggers up in the woods float great "booms" of logs down the river to the sw'mills. A boom consists of thousarids of logs, chained into « gigantic raft. About 5 per cent of the logs become waterlogged and sink. And at present lumber prices, that ain't hay. Hence the salvage operation. Picture at right shows Forrest supervising , recovery- of one of the logs he located below the surface and hooked on to the salvage hoist. TOUGHEST DOGS IN THE WORLD Thirty -odd sledge-dogs are in Bri- tain awaiting the day when before long a whaler takes them "South" through the blue-and-greeii pack ice to Queen Maud Land, where they will spend two years hauling the sledges of the Anglo-Scandinavian Antarctic Expedition . Across the other side of the Ant- arctic Continent in Graham Land, huskies at the six permanent Bri- tish exploration and scientinc ba.-e» there are getting ready for the great sledging journeys of the coming Antarctic sunyijer. So it is at the outposts maintained in the Antarc- ic by -Australia. South -Africa, Chile and t!ie .Argentine, for in this ma- chine age the husky is an iiidispens- adjunct of polar travel writes Frank Illiiigworth in ".-Vnswers." Mountif and Missionary Only the more important -Arctic settlements are linked by aircraft and snow-tractor "trains." The rest, and they number thousands, relp on the husky for winter transport. With the first snow of winter the husky becanies the key to existence over an area exceeding ten million square miles. He hauls tlie Mountie and the .Arct.ic missionary o\\ their rounds; he carries the trapper along his trapline; and the explorer into frigid new territories: he is used to deliver rations to the housewife in some polar parts, and to carry the doctor into the wilderness of the tundras when the radio crackles SOS calls. The sicdge-dog's e.xciteiueiit is boundless when 'he first snow of winter coats tundra and forest aiid his owner turns the sledge over and glazes the runuers with frozen blood (which "slides" better than frozen water). .A crescendo of yelps burst from the dog's throat; his ayes sparkle with pleasure: he rears up and brings mighty paws tluiiiip- ing down on your chest. Slap him under the chin, grab his immense ruffle and slip around his neck a strap that crosses between the fore- legs and attaches at the back to the thong that ser\ es as a trace. The team is traced either in fan- formation or in line-ahead, or the dogs are hitched to either side of a trace. The method used depends on the terrain to be crossed â€" for ex- ample, the trappers of Canada's forest areas wouldn't think of us- ing the fan-formation! W hatever the method of harness- ing employed, the team- is control- led fay word of mouth and witii a long »whip. hi a well-trained team every dog answers to his name. Sometimes a dog will respond to a shouted order only when you .pick up a whip. He does not bear a grudge for chas- tisement that Ts earned. But beat him unjustly â€" and look for trouble. The husky has a long memory. And there has been at least one instance when the team has sided with a badly" handled dog and chased its driver, their eyes on the seat of his seal-skill trousers. The husky has a marked sense of liunior. Throw your whip and miss and he turns around and "laughs" in a doggy way! He re- spects the good team - driver and recognizes the inept immediately. The thirty-foot thong has been the cause of more laughter, embarrass- ment and anger than any other item of arctic equipment. The smallest Eskimo child can handle it. But the tirst et^orts of the white man send the iSskiiuos into paroxysms of laughter. ^Enjoying the Joke Five minutes after Feary's Negro companion on the former's North Pole Expeditions, the great Matt Henson. had taken up his position behind a sledge the Eskimos .Ah- nalka and Ikwali were helpless with laughter. For while Matt cracked his whip the dogs sat on their haunches and watched the perform- ance, on their faces an expression of wonderment at the manner in which the big Negro was sliowering them with snow, curling the thong around his legs, and keeping the two Eskimos dodging. The husky wrll never let you down. When the Norwegian trapper Kare Rodhal, fell ill in one of the trappei's' huts on the almost uiiex- pored east coast of Greenland, he strapped his steeping bag fult length to his sledge, crawled within its fluffy folds and left his team of eight dogs t'o find their way back to liis cabin. This entailed a dan- gerous journey tlyough moving sea- ice. But sixteen hours after he gave .the team -loader the order to pull. his sledge came to a lialt it hii cabin door. Never was there a more loyal or tougher dog tlian the husky. The average pure-bred husky weighs some seventy or eighty pounds. But crossrd with a wolf he will exceed one hundred pounds, and crossed with a St. Bernard he weigiis anytiiing up to 180 pounds. .A team of six or eight huskies will haul a half-ton load over bro- ken ice almost indefinitely. On \'il- hjalniur Stefansson's famous jour- ney across the frozen Beaufort Sea, in -Arctic Canada, six 180- pound huskies hauled a load of half a ton for 700 miles, sometimes covering thirty miles a day among the fan- tastic pressure ridges of the .Ariitic Ocean. That was in IQH. since when there have been scores of similar exhibitions of staying power on the part of huskies. Only a couple of years ago a team of huskies hauled a load.' of half a ton 1.096 miles acro.ss the blizzard-blitzed wastes of Grahamland in 96 dayj. .A world speed record so far as exploration goes, the latter accom- plishment is beaten every winter by the Polar Eskimos of Thule. To the Polar Eskimos, journeys of 1.000 miles are "routine" during the hunting season. Only last win- ter one of the Thule Eskimoes stt off with his wife on a 1.200 mile sledge journey to .visit relatives in Ellesmere Land, across the frozen sea from Greenland, returning last spring ' to report "good hunting"; pleasant trip." Grim Law of the North Even under normal conditions in the -Arctic, the husky's life .is a hard one. There have been iiuuiinerable oc- •asions where to stave off starvation on a long sledge journey the weak- est members of a team iiave been shot and fed to their team-mates. When a female husky "pups " in the traces, her trace-mates will snap up the helpless pups and swallow them at a gulp. But sometimes the husky prefers to starve rather than turn cannibal, and then he is classed among the weaker of a team and killed and fed to the other animals. That is the law of the North. Snfi'eriiig the pain of snow blind- ness, flanks sunken with hunger, paws lacerated with the rip of sharp ice. the husky is expected to haul until he can haul no farther. .And he is prepared to haul to a stand- still. His reward? .\ hunk of meat once a day, or every few days in lean times: a bed in the snow at night, even if the temperature drops ' to "fifty below"> and the knowledge that he is the most loved creature in the Great North. F'or he ia loved, both in the Far North and by the British explorers in the Far South. THEPAEM FEQNT You probably recall tihe ancient tale about the small boy whose mother was trying to coax into eating a new vegetable. "It's lovely, dear." she said. "It's something new â€" it's Broccoli." « * « The tiny tot took a wary mouth- ful, chewed gingerly, then spat it out. "You can call it Broccoli if you like." quoth he. "But I say it's spinach. And 'I say to liell with it." * • « Well, there are some folks who profess to admire the starling as a beautiful bird, and who urge its preservaticHi. But practically every body w'no ever lived in a place infested with them will contend. "I say they're nothing but pests. .And I say to hell with them." or words to tliat effect. * • . * So it won't come as weicoipe news to any of the latter to hear that DDT has been tried for star- Hng extermination â€" tried and found wanting. * « • In closeiy-vvatched tests last sum- mer DDT powder in strengths of 10. 50 and 100 per cent was dustad on flocks of starlings to determine the results that would probably be obtained if use of the insecticide was attempted in Ae field. * * * No ill effect was noted among any ot dlie birds regardless of the strength of DDT or the amount used. Similar tests repeated with pigeons and Eng-liah sparrows yielded equally negative results. * » • When DDT was appliad to houac mice in sufficient quantity, some degree of control was obtained. Re- sults were most latiafaotory whan a finely micronized DDT produ«t was used. * • • Plans are already being Tiiaje for a big eelebration- to take place at Levis, Quebec, in the fall oi i>i50. It will mark the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of Credit Unions. Started in a small wa; I'-e-e â- :> Levis. Credit Unions have now spread to every Province in Laiuiiia. ind to every state in rhe United States. * .* * Canadian credit unions hit a new high during 1948 according to a report to be released shortly by the Dominion Department of -Agri- culture. Ottawa. In 1948 there wera 2,608 credit unions chartered in Canada with over 850.000 members and total assets of |2S0 million. * * • During the year, the v- â-  - n- whiiih are in reality co-operativa savings and lending institutions made loans to members oi Si.'i). 285.237. Deposit? and shares at the end of the vear totalled ahnost $140,000,000. Quebec ia the* leadiag proviacs with 1,078 credit unions, over half a million members and assets ot $205,000,000. Ontario is next in im- portance with "371 • credit union*, 95.000 members and S!6..=00.000 ia assets. , • • • There e.xists in every province at least one central credit union whert irdivi'duai credit unions and cu>- operatives may deposit surplus funds and make loans as needed. There are 21 such centrals in Canada and ihe combined balance sheet for It of these is included in the re'i)ort and shows total as=»ts of over $.i.\000.OO0. T:ie Government "hand-out." from which 1 borrowed the above facts, failed to state the name oi the in- dividual responsible for the Credit -Union idea. Hgwever. wiioever ha was. he really started soraetiiing, and no mistake. Two bandits held up a »omaa florist in her shop in Los -Angelea. AV'hen siie told tliem she was a poor widow, they handed her $1 and departed. Film Cutie â€" .\(^-tress Mar_\ |aa« Saunders, age 7, clutches tight- ly the $6,000 to S2O.000-a-year movie contract approved for her by a Los Angeles superior Bourt. The child actress star- red with Bob Hope in "Sorrow- ful Jones." the "Little Miai Marker" role that started Shir- ley Temple on the road to faiq* Prize Posterâ€" Uerben .Matter, phoiogiapher. looks at his poster, which won him $1000 in a contest sponsored bv the Museum of ModeriT .^rtand the National Founiiation for liiiantile Paialvsis. The poster, which won tirst prize, is a photo-nioiitage. .Vlatfer used his own son, who recovered from polio, as one of the models JITTER Sc^jara teds- Rob Mc^Kinley, 19, and "Herschel* Pride." his 1190- poimd llcrefoid stce*. wVie close pals when this picture was taken at the Royal l.ivotook Show. Hut they now. "Iterschers rritlc" wgn the grand chainpionsh ->',i Mnri,. I'd.ly \\ illi:ims. nieat packer for ^SIJ"'''^^ •••c the money to get married are separated ip and B'lb H.,b w \ jrrrsR %lVT n.\. 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