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THE PLESHERTON ADVANCE. CURRENT COMMENT Super Rates For Telephones. After the iucrcase of rates obtained by the Bell Telephone Co. last year, which were immediately followed by the cutting of a melon for the company's khaicbolders, the public arc alow to believe the plaint of the present year that rates must go up again to enable the impoverislied eompany to do busiuesB. Had the shares issued last year been put up to the highest bidder to bring in the largest sum possible for the treasury the public would have been more believing on the present occasion, but as the shares were kept for the elect, and not even sold at market jiricc-s, it is evident that the shareholders set value njiou them. The present proposals are more radical than last year and involve the adoption of the principle of payment on piece work as well as on straight wages. The (:omi)any would not consent to such an arrangement with its .'iiiplovcs but docs not hesitate' to ask for its application to the public for its own benefit. The real difficulty with the Bell Telephanc Co., as with many other companies, has been that it is more concerned about dividends for its shareholders than about service for the people. The principle on which the company works is well illustrated in the case of what is called an extension telej>honc. This merely means that instead of being stuck on the wall the telephone stands on a table. The charge for this is $8 a year. Half this amount would probably more than cover the cost of the extension. But the same amount is stuck an every year forever. It makes no difference at all in the amount of service rendered, the person using the telephone being per- haps more comfortable while using the instrument of torture when seated at a table than jammed against a wall. But the original cost of the extension, with a fair profit, would be quite enough to charge. If the system was run as a public utility with service at cost there would be no question of exact- ing super-rates in the way proposed; or if the principle of payment for service rendered were adopted it would be on an equitable basis of an overhead charge for the installation and a rate on all calls no higher than would cover the actual cost of service. Business men are very much exercised over the latest demand ot the Bell Company, and some who have never favored public ownership before have been moved by the flagraney of the exaction. It is being advocated that the whole system be expropriated, the cities and muni- cipalities tal ing the local jilants and the provinces running the. long distance and trunk lines. CULLEN LaNDIS GoLOWYN Pepertory Player who takes the lead in Mary Boberte Riuehart's "Empire Builders." The Pulp and Paper Situation. One of the most significant .symptoms of international coninuinity of inter- ests in the high cost of living is to be found in the phenomenal rise in the price of paper. Canada has i)robably enough paper resources to supply the world, but cannot get enough paper for her own needs, and has to pay exor- bitantly for what she does get. Seventy-five per cent, of the capital invested in Canadian paper mills comes from the United States, and a reservation of 15 per cent, of the paper produced is as much as any government can ask for home consumption from these mills established with outside capital. Had the Canadian newspapers got together and established mills of their own, which would not have been difficult, as the government would undoubtedly let them have pulp limits and water power, they would not now be suffering so badly. Knglish interests did this in Newfoundland, and it was recently announced that a number of the biggest pulp and paper companies iu eastern Canada had passed under the control of an English syndicate. God helps those who help themselves is an ancient British proverb, devoutly regarded by Americans as well as by the Imperial Islanders. There has been an impression that Can- ada had been ransacked for paper by the United States because the United States had used all its own pulp. This view is contradicted by experts, who declare that Canadian paper is sought and bought merely because it is cheap, or at least cheaper than any United States supplies available. As the prices rise, however, this condition will be changed and it will be found that atten- tion will be turned by United States capitalists to their own resources. A Washington government report indicates the interest that is being taken iu such national stock-taking. It has been found that in .\laska a compara- tively narrow timber belt along 1200 miles of coast line, with deep water transportation and plenty of hydro power for pulp mills, has 70,000,000,000 feet of pulp-making material, enough to assure the United States of half its reqiiiremtnts for ever under a proper forest policy. What the nations need is to be farmed with something of the ordinary discretion with which a farmer runs his farm. English-Speaking Women Enfranchised. It was on the Derby Day of 1913 that Emily Wilding Davison, a university graduate of feood family, threw herself at the King's horse that was coming down the stretch in the great race, a winner. It was her way of protesting against the injustice of the social and ])olitical convention that lauked the best and wisest women as lower than the most ignorant and brutish man. The story of the suffrage movement in England in its critical days has never been given in such fascinating form before as in Sir Harry Johnston's new novel, "Mrs. Warren's Daughter." It is impossible for any student of con- temporary history not to link together the incredible campaigns carried on for years by the British women, and the last battle for women's freedom in the Tennessee legislature. Whatever the differences in nationality, it was the spectacular work of English women that educated the worlil of men to an appreciation of the situation, and prepared for the sudden concession result- ing from the revulsion of feeling consequent on the sacrifice of women in the great war. ('anada was the first to grant this justice to women. Britain speedily followed. It remained for the United States to purge itself of this blot on its scutcheon. Mary AstcU in 1697 and Mary Wollstonecraft in 179b were pioneers in th cause of women's political rights in England, but in 1647 Margaret Brent had claimed the right to sit in the Assembly of Mary- land. Abigail Adams, Mercy Otis Warren and Hannah Lee (Sorbin were as- sociated in this early American demonstration and justify the claim of the continent to be the home of advanced womanhood. In more recent times Lydia Ernestine Becker of Lancashire, a well-known botanist and friend of Charles Darwin, was the leader of the English movement of fifty or sixty years ago. .facob Bright introduced a "Woman's Disability Bill" iii 1870, and Mr. Glad- stone opposed it. New Zealand carried women's suffrage iu 189.T and all the .Xustralian estates had it by 1908. In America Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, .Susan B. Anthony, Martha C. Wright, Lucretia Mott, .Julia Ward Howe and Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt are foremost names in the movement. In Canada Kmily H. Htowe will not be forgotten when the history of women's notes is written. The change is significant of a new world and a new civilization. It may be some years before the full influence of women is felt in legislation, but it will bo as important in public matters as it is in domestic, and sensible men are aware of the difference between a home nianaRcd by a woman and one without. By WllUam WUllng. The completion of his first two-reel western, "Beyond the Trail," for Brentwood, has brought Tom Santschi the assurance of unusual success. Into the curtailed number of feet allowed him the big star has put some of the finest acting he has ever done. His part is that of a hard-riding, heavy- fighting man. THE DAIRY FARMER. BY HUGH G. VAN PELT. ©- In the dairy cow ia exemplified the highest type of domestic animal - ' -the greatest economic benefactor of mankind. And because of the dairy cow, the dairy farmer ranks high among the very best farmers in the world. I'lorencc Midgely, who is supporting Mary Miles Miuter, was formerly un- derstudy to Mitzi llajos, the musita!- cduiedy star. George Probert, one of the bc>t liowa actors on the speaking stu'je, has been selected by Mme. Nazlniova tc ]i!ay the leading male role in her Metro production, "Madame Pea- cock. ' ' Maude Adams on the screen is a pos- sibility of the current year. The most famous of all her plays, "Peter Pan," is to \>'i filmed, and it is believed that .Sir James At'. Barrie has release^ it on condition that Miss Adams {day the title role. Edna Eerber ,the magaziue writer, has written a story for the screen which will probably be interpreted by Priscilla Dean or Carmel Myers. Mrs. Humphrey Ward's fine story, "The Marriage of William Ashe," is to be put on the screen by Metro. That the company proposes to do it full jus- tice is shown by the selection of its talented star, May Allison, and lead- ing director, Edward Cloman, to bear the chief burdens. Sloman has just completed the filming of three of Jack London's stories. More than half a million dollars is said to have been expended by D, W. (iriffith on his film translation of " 'Way Down East," which he pro- poses to make into a screen produc- tion rivaling his "Hearts of the World" and "The Birth of a Nation." Most of the well known Griffith play- ers have prominent parts. Griffith paid $175,000 for the screen rights. The Charles Kay production produc- tion of "45 Minutes from Broadway," most famous of George M. Cohan's comedies, has been completed under the direction of Joseph de Grasse. Charlie will take only three days' rest before commencing work on his next 1- reduction, an adaptation from a mag- azine story of southern life. Wilhelm Gone Black An international Convention of the Universal Negro Improvement Assoc- | i&tion was held this month in New York and 20,000 assembled in Madi- Kon Hquarc Garden at the first session. The head of the Association is Marcus liarvey and his policy may be judged by his demand of Africa fur the Africans. "Wo shall not ask England, Eranco, Italy or Belgium, ' wli.v arc you hcref We shall only command them, 'Get out of here.'" Such an attituile defeats its own object. But the forces hf-hind such a movement should not be piinimized.f It is am;)ng the ignorant nnd the unevolvcd, the emotional and those in whom the |iunitivc pas- sions are easily invoked that the most terrible results may be achieved, and the most awful of political conspir- acies nnd crimes promoted. President Wilson's theory of self determination has had many applications, but none <an be more tragic than Mr. Oarvey's "The bloodiest of all wars" he ?aid "is yet to come when Asia shall match her strength against Flurope for the domination of the world. That wiil be the negro's opportunity to draw the sword for the cause of African re- demption. What is good for the white man is good for the negro, w« believe, nnd that is freedom, liberty ami de- mocracy. Two million black men were called out to fight that the world might enjoy the benefits of civilization, and 400,000,000 black men arc ready to fight the battle of lifmocrncy on the fields of Africa." This is the language of Germany, and the Teutonic inspir- ation may bo accepted as behind such nn anachronism in the land of Lincoln fifty years after the civil war. It may be that in the far future Asia and Af»i en will descend to sucli nia<lnes8, but Tiiskngee and other unlightened negro centres can hold no such views. Lib- eria has had equal chnnccM with otlicr settlements to expand in Africa and is the best answer to Mr. Garvey. Poland's Errors Pidand will have many sympathi/.cr.s but she has brought most of her troiiblc on herself. It is probable that had the Polish people been content to follow the level headt'd piano patriot Padrewski, he would have kept his country from running into the morji.HS in which I'olanil is now wallowing. Poland was very (airly dealt with by the .\llicM ill the \cr.suillcs treaty and gi\eii a ciiiiipaet and well defined ter rilory, with a "corridor" access to the ocean in the jioit of Danzig. Xot satisfied with this Poland took up arms ami invaded Kussia on the pretext that part of the HiisHiau territory had form erly been included in the Kingdom of I'olaiid. The fat was in the fire and im mistake, Erancn is .supposed to have iiicouragcd Poland under the impres fUm that .Soviet rule would colliipse under the impact of the Poles. It ha.s been one of the mistakes of western Kiirope to underestimate Lenin and his aims and ideas, and this has been dearly demonstrnted in the Polish em groglio. Another matter in which Polanil is villniuoiisly wrong is iu the Jewish pogroms which she jiermits .-.nd which iKit only sully her own record mill weaken her own morals, but li.dp to infuriate the Jewish element in Hus sin iMid elsewhere when Poland should have been doing all in her power to seek conciliation. Kreednni shrieked when Kosciusko fell, the past tells us. Kosciusks biniaelf would shriek were hi .n Poland at jiresent. ^ Mrs. William Vaughn Moody, widow of the late dramatist, is in Hollywood lo co-operate with George Melford in his production of "The Eaith Healer " one of Mr. Moody's best plays. ' One of the interesting scenes iu Ibancz' "Four Horsemen of the Apo- calypse" will be a picture of lO.OOi) sheep on ono of the great California ranches. MORE AND BETTEE WHEAT. At no time iu tho history of Canada has her wheat fielila meant" ao much to the world as now. Canada produces wheat of the linest grades and in such large (|uantitics as to place the Domin- ion well up among the wheat-prodiicinj; countries of the world, lioth federal and |irovincial departments of agricul- ture have done their share iu improv- ing tho wheat varieties and extending Ihi' growth of this necessary cereal. An interesting account of the work that has been done is contained in the .May number iif The Agricultural tia zette, the official organ ot the Depart- ment of .\griculture at dltuwa. It is there shown that the most widely grown varieties were developed b'v Canadian .scientists. Preston, Stanley, Huron, Hishoii, (). A. ('. No. 10-1, MaV qui-s, Huby and i'relude have each their valuable factors. The history and char acteristics of each are given. The Seed Branch and tho Department assist the I'anadian Weed Growers' Association in extending the growth of pedigreed varieties. The Seed Branch itself eu- â-  ourages seed crop competitions and seed fairs, tests seeds for farmers and merchants, inspects seeds on sale, and has, through the Canadian Seed Pur chasing (!ommission, ensured supplies of dependable seed wheat during recent years. 0«a Retnra Bride In Morocco, if a bridegroom pleased with his bride he has return her to her father within to s not a right Ohlneae Religions. There are five religions in China, v.ith ninny followers â€" Confucian, Buddist, Taoist, Mohammedan and Christian. Franc 77 French Queens. eo has had 77 queens. Eleven were divorced, two legally put to death, nine died young, seven were three months with the 'rrTcrori^"" ';,';.' "â- '''""•'"''..••yl.v, three cruelly treated. paid for her ' originally three exiled. Most of the rest were kither poisoned or died broken hearted. The dairy farmer is not necessarily a dairyman. Webster very briefly defines tho dairyman as a man who conducts a dairy. Num<-rous dairy farmers conduct dairies, but the majority of them do much more than this. In reality, tho dairy farmer is the farmer plus. Very thorough and care- ful investigation shows that he docs all that any other farmer does and con- ducts his dairy operations in addi- tion. Very rapidly, and with mucn cer- tainty, the term dairy farmer is be- indeed, if not impossible, for one to coming synonymous w;th trie icrm good farmer. As a matter of fact, it is difficult, GAL FIVEâ€" WILK indeed, if not impossible, for one to be classed among those known to be good farmers unless a certain part of his efforts is devoted to one or more classes of livestock. Of all farm aiilmals the dairy cow has proved herself the most economi- cal producer; the producer of the most essential food for mankind; the pro- ducer of a product iVhich commanas the most certain market from year to year; the animal recognized as the most efficient conserver and builder of soil fertility; the animal which fits into diversified farming most admir- ably; the animal which aids with greatest efficiency the growing of the young of other classes of livestock. Becausd of these qualifications, the dairy cow has enabled her owner to rank high among the very best farm- ers in the world â€" his work the noblest form of agricultural endeavor. The dairyman and breeder uses his farm and all that he raises thereon for the purpose of developing his herd and production from it. The dairy farmer uses his herd for developing his farm and for marketing the crops he raises. In a very important sense, the dairy farmer's business is peculiarly logical. The dairy farmer who sticks to his business and works wltn reasonable persistency and intelligence cannot fail in business. Bankruptcy is unknown among dairy farmers; prosperity is the rule. This is rightfully so, for milk pro- duction is absolutely an essential in- dustry. It requires intelligence, per- sistency and courage. Only men who are possessed of these qualifications continue to be dairy farmers and such are entitled to reward. Those who know not the source ot dairy products naturally believe they are produced by dairymen and breeders of dairy cattle. These classes do sup- ply large tonnages, but, after all, the dairy farmers are the ones who pro- duce the vast amount of milk which revolves the churns, operates the cheese vats and turns the wheels of delivery wagonj. The dairy farmer is the one who milks a few cows which fit into his plan of diversified ^armiui;. n» may sell the milk to a creamery or for city distribution or to a cheese fac- tory, but the rule is that with his hand separator, he is enabled to dispose of his cream and keep the skim milk on his farm to feed young animals and to buUd greater the richness of his farm I'.nd, therefore, his prosperity. The dairy farmer does not realize it, but he is the great producer of the most essential food for tho develop- ment â€" in fact, for tho survival â€" of hu- manity. Individually, it may seem that the dairy farmer is not accom- plishing big tilings iu behalf of the dairy industry, but in tho aggregate, the dairy farmer is the backbone of the di'ry industry. Because he does not realize this him- self, he is, iu reality, rendering an unconscious service to dairying, to ag- riculture, to mankind. Were it not for the dairy farmer there would be little need for dairy cattle breeders, for creamerymon, for milk dealers, for manufacturers of dairy supplies. It is the dairy farm- er who furnishes the necessity for all other classes of men identified with the dairy industry because tho basis of (iaiiyiiig i.s the cow and by far the majority of cows arc owned, cared for, fed and milked by the dairy farmer. It is for this reason that strenuous ef- forts arc continuously being directed toward improving the average dairy cow and tho methods by which she is bred, fed and cared for. Slowness results in suc6 improT*- mcnts because the cow represents only one of the many factors in diversified farming. But as conditions change) as lands, labor and feedstuffs in- crease in value, so docs the dairy farmer recognize that his chief regular source of cash income is the cow. Then it is that improvements in all phases of dairy activities take place. Many years ago, the dairy farmer of Europe was brought face to face with the realization that the prosperous former was the good dairy farmer who Kept good cows and fed and cared for them in the best manner possible. Dairy farmers of Canada are being brought face to face with this realiza- tion now. They are seeing that it is not profitable to milk unprofitable DO YOU 'MEMBER? The old ban games out in the back lot? The time 70a used to baTe "choosln* up sides." Skinny Steams and Fat always wanted td choose up and then the fun wonld start. Skinny would always claim that he could get those "three fingers" (he ooald get three lingers where Fat couldn't think of it). "Well, a'right, then, if yon guyi get yer Ins we get the extra man and you can have Forge far right field." Porge was usually dragging up In the rear carrying the bats and the mnch-coveted mask. Then, after about an hour's arguing over the aides, the old game would finally be on and everything going fine, and Ad Mercer would probably loom up In the background and that meant pull stakes for another field. Somehow, Ad never did like to have the fellas run through the potato field after a fly ball out there In center field. Soiobone would yell: "Here comes old man Mercer, ire better beat it for' he gets here." â€" Finish ball game A feller isn't so awfully i>articular where he steps when he's after a ball and there were parts of Ad's potato crop that looked as though they wouldn't amount to very much. In tact, it didn't amount to very much. Between the com silk pulled off the com and the ralla from the old rail fence down by the creek that the fellas used to make bridges with. Ad used to be kent pretty busy watcbio' where the bnnch was. It was a great life eh! â€" fellas. itable because they are brea, fed, manag'fd and cared for by unprofitable methods. Dairy farmers are learning that al- though the cow is but one factor in their plan of diversified farming, she is a very important factor and that without increasing their efforts but by merely applying he improved methods of dairy farming she can be made the great source of regular cash income. Such farmers, according to a recent investigation we have made, are re- ceiving a cash ineome of from $200 to $500 per month and, strange as this may teem, they are receiving just as large an annual income per acre of ground frmed as their neighbors who are not: dairy farmers. Therefore, the dairy farmer who is rendering the great unconscious serv- ice to humanity is now profiting and prospering in a large way by the con- scious service he is rendering himself, his family, his children and his chil dren's children. THE MAGIC CARPET. Little Visits to New Worlds. cows, even though the cows are unprof THE JVGK>-SIJ^VS While the Great War has introduced the name Jugo-Slavs to hundreds of thousands of persons and given a tre- mendous impetus to the Jugo-Slav movement, yet neither the name nor the aspirations of the people is new. The Jugo-Slavs belong to the Southern branch of the Slav family and they include Serbs, Croats and Slovenne"s occupying territory which extends from southern Carinthia and Styria along the southern and western boun- dary of Hungary as far as the southern frontiers of Serbia and Montenegro and from the newly defined frontier of Bulgaria in the East to the Adriatic and the lino drown through Dalmatia which has formed the subject of our dispute with Italy. The Slovenes are Catholic while the Serbs and Monte- negrins belong for the most part to the Orthodox Church. About two-thirds of the Croats are Catholics, the remain- der Orthodox. The Jugo-Slav move- ment has been the product of intellec- tual forces and for u long time re- mained disassociated from political agitation. It was basedâ€" at least originally â€" on a sentiment of racial unity, the outcome of the literary and linguistic movement which developed during tho first half of the nineteenth century, the real founder being Vuk Karadzic, while it was largely influ- enced by a great Slovene poet and patriot, Jernel Kopitar, both of whom gave it a western orientation. The outburst of national sentiment of 1847- 1848 throughout the llapsburg king- dom was not without effect on the Jugo-Slav movement, but the intoler- ance of the Magyars drove Serbs and Croats into the arms of .\u8tria, lend- ing her valuable aid only to bo scorned and slighted when the trouble was over. The promised autonomy was withheld from Croatia, and the latter was reunited with Hungary in a posi- tion of marked inferiority. Bishop Stofismayer was the great champion of the movement in the second half of the nineteenth century and the opening of the present century saw at. .,„.„. Slavs dissatisfied with the Dual Mon archy. The old animosity that existed between Serbs and Sroafs was dis pelled and the close union of these two peoples was cemented by the Ser- 1917, 29 of the 31 represeatatives of Jugo-Slav lands in the Austrian Reichs rath pledged themselves to work for a democratic and autonomous state and THE BRAIN BOX By E, Cunn-Ranuay "Get together!" An ex-soldier, who has new settled down happily to civilian life again, was telling me something of his ex- periences after a close and hot engage- ment at the front. "There were tre- mendous gaps," he said, "to the right and the left; chaps wnom one had been chatting with only a few hours earlier were cut down, never to rise again. The enemy were retreating; they were gathering in their wounded as they went. It had been a terrific tussle, and many of the men around, to whom it was the first taste of warfare, were dazed and stupefied, when our com- manding officer called out; 'Close up there, and get together! ' The words, ' ' Get together, ' • put something more into us than the mere suggestion of closing up the ranks. They lame, also, as a call to each man to, pull himself together." "Get together!" How apt the words of this officer are todayl Is not this exactly the call which we are needing, individually and collectivelyâ€" call to cooperate, to marshal our best forces, and mass them as one? One who was wiser tnan any man of this generation, of whose wisdom the world is surely in need today, said: "A house that is divided against it- self cannot stand." â- A. house divided. What a picture! Think it over, and compare it with the spirit of "Get together!" How do you livef Is your house di- vided r No, 1 do not mean your ma- terial house of wood or stone, which holds within it the several unite that go to make up a family life. What about the house of vour mindf The house of your soulf " What about the many faculties and dominant qualities which you possess, within that wonder- ful machine known as the body f Have you really, within yourself, "got to- gether," or do you face the world to- day as a house divided against itself f iou have told me how ambitious you are, how much you wish to achieve, how much you could achieveâ€" Itâ€" Ah, if whatf There 13 always some excuse. It is far easier in life to make excuses, when we have failed. It IS the way of least resistance. Rath- er than to ;)ull oneself up and give the cold, calm decision against self \V^, ^*''^*'' ^"iJ ^^^ "asou lies in myself. ' ' You have the duty then towards yourself first of all to co-ordinate, to marshal in order everv vital living force to make your own mind your own will^ dominant in the direction of r ght. Beyond this, there is a wider circle which must be reached, and which can only be reached after vou wi. ^""'" *""* ''°"'« '° order " v\hat IS the cause of so much of the discontent and intolerance that is per- meating industry, business circles, and even the home life, today! Is it not a tremendous lack of this spirit of co- ordination or "getting togetherT" Every man Jack has his own /articular se fishly intent upon chasing this to its ultimate issue that they are forgetting on the collapse of Russia the"Pact""of l»»ate"is a"b7ut ''^IcveVmillions.* Corfu was signed (July 20, 1917), providing for the union of Serbs, Croats and Slovennes in a single and independent kingdom under the reign- ing dynasty (Karageorgcvic). This new kingdom is officially known todav as the kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and popularly as Jugo- slavia. The population > i