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LONDON COUNTY COUNCIL. HOW THE METROPOLIS OP THE BRITISH EMPIRE IS GOVERNED. A Krprrtraiallvr Be4r tambcrlax andre* nael Tklrlr Klghi ea. ! rl Mm >- \ehlriurn.Navlaif Mr- Mi (onlrol Over l>r, rural If (BO Kill Irr Cltr-rewnre ef the Cenacll-Per- nin r IB* ember*. All citisens who consider eeriouily the problem o( improving municipal govern- meat will do well to examine carefully UM case of L-mdon, the metropolis of the Brit- ish Empire. The fact that a aw County Council hM jut been elected mekss it timely to give eome information concerning London'* new governing body. Many think London'i experience is not of much value U> ue because municipal government there i a growth ot centuries. A* a mat- tar ef fact, London DM had to make a new beginning in the matter of municipal gov- ernment within the paet tew yeare, and it a task which etill call* for all the energise of ite citizens. Down to 1889 the only part of London which wai a self-governing municipality was the ancient city. The forme of govern- ment there ware and are undemocratic and largely obeulete and absurd. For more than a century the oity had oeaeel to have any right to call itielf London. The nom- inal population of the old city it 37,77"). Before 1SS9 the whole of the vast remaining popnlatioc outeiile the city boundaries of more than 4,000,000 pereone had a* a makeshift for municipal gorerment a ool lection of heterogeneous and independent bodies. Of these the moet important were the vestries. Certain districts were inde- pendent monicipelitiM with mayors, having attained that dignity long before the me- tropolis had swallowed them up. The polios of the metropolitan district were then, as they are etill, under the authority of the Home Office, a department of tne Imperial Government. Out of this chaos order has not yet been reduced, but a beginning has been made by the establishment of the London County Council. The existence of ancient and obstructive institutions made the work ot re-organizing local government much more difficult than it would have been in the ease of a newer oity, with fewer historical associations. DirriRlXT LOSDONS. London has seven different boundaries for dioVent adminiitraUve and legal pur- poses. They are : 1. The territory covered by the Regie trar-Ueneral of Birthi, Deaths and mem- * i The area from which the County Council is elected. 3. The London School Board District. 4. The city of London. 0. The Central Criminal Court U.e- trict. ft. The Metropolitan Parliamentary Boroughs. 7. The Metropolitan Police District, not including ths city of London. THI OLD CITY'S DIUHITIBB. When the County Council was Ant form- ex! a compromise was made wtch ths city, which surrendered a few of its powere, but nooo of its dignities. It retained control of the polios in its district, while the new County Council did sot get that power tor itself from the Government. But a Parlia- mentary commission has recently reported in favor of traaeferring not only the powers but the titles and dignities of the oity to the municipality of the whole of London. T*>e British Parliament's first attempt to deal with the queetion of a coherent municipal government for London resulted in the formation of the Metropolitan Board of Works. It was a makoihift, but not entirely a worthless one. In 1350 the government ef London outeide the city was carried on by 300 different and mdspendent bodies. The care and maintenance of the streets and pavements, the sewer system and most of the important functions of local govern- ment were In the hands of the parish vee tries. Ths fire apparatus consisted of a hand sngras in each parish and ths hand enginee of the insurance companies. Both banks of the Thames were regularly inundated. Only three bridges were free. The sewage was emptied into the river within the metropolitan limits. The death rate was twenty-five in the thousand. Ths LooaUiovernment act of 18i5 created the Metropolitan Board of Works, a central authority, with jurisdiction in certain matters over the whole of I ondon outside the city. Thirty-nine vestries and district boards were organized by the act. These elected the members of ths Board of Works. During the thirty-three years of in life 124 acts were passed amending and increas- ing the powers of ths board. Those which it handed over to the County Council in 1889 were: 1. The maintenance of the main sewers, the interception of sewage from the Thames, it* purification and distribution. '-'. The prevention of Thamee floods. 31 The formation of new thoroughfares in crowded districts. 4. Control over the formation of new streets, the erection of buildinge and the construction of local sewers. Naming streets and numbering houses. .\ Charge of the Thames bridges, tun- nels and ferries. 6. Formation of parks ami gardens and preservation of commons. 7. Demolition of houses in condemn" I areas and the lale and letting of the land for improvement. 5. Maintaining a tire brigade. 9. Supervision of theatres. 10. Sanctioning tramways. 11. Controlling construction of railway bridges. 12. A limited control over the gas and water supply. IX Ths control of the storage and sale of explosives and inflammable substances. 14. Supervision of slaughter-houses and orTensivs businesses, oow-ehede and dairies, and the prevention ol the spread of aonlag- io.-s diseases among oettle.borees and dogs. 19. The supervision of baby-farming and minor matters of detail. Ths board accomplished a vast amount ef work. It drained London, building over I , lu<J milee of sewers, It buill three magnifi- cent embank saents on North umberlana eve nue.for which the Duke ef Northumberland had to be psid f',500,000. In all it spent about $40,000,100 in opening Bswitreets. Il freed all the bridgee of tolls, and rebuilt three. It made immense addition* to the public open spaces of London, sad created an efficient fire brigade. coxuturno* i* THE BOARD. The board did a great deal for London, but it ooet a great deal. Bribery and gross jobbery were proved against it. This mads the creation of a new municipal body, elected directly by the peeple which all progressive politicians had long demanded a matter ef immediate necessity. London- ers had allowed themselves to be robbed without more than half suspecting it, but when they were ure of it they raised a dscidsd objection. The London County Council was created in common with otner county councils all I ovsr England, by the Local Government ; act of 13S8. London, in the terms of the act, became an administrative county, with boundaries coterminous with thoee el the defunct Metropolitan Board of Works. oiti; AXiZATioii or TUB corxcn. The Council consist* of a Chairman, nineteen Aldermen and 118 Councillors. The Chairman is noi seoes eerily a number of the Council. The tern ef office for Aldermen is six years, and ten or nine retire every alternate three year*. The Councillor* are slscted for three year*, and will all relir* together this year H95. The Councillors are elected directly by the rate-payers, and tie Councillors sleet the Aldermen, but not necessarily from their own number. The duties of Alderman and Councillors ers the same. Ths county of London is dividsd into fifty even electoral divisions. The first meeting of the County Council wa* held on Marco 21. 1SJJ9. Lord Rose- bery was elected Chairman. The accep- tance of this etfics by Mr. Gladstone's first lieutenant, the present Premier, was very encouraging for the succee* ef the Council. The preeent Chairmen is Mr. Arthur Arnold, a distinguished political econo- mist. rowtxtt or TIB cocxcii, The power*, duties and liabilities of the Council are 1. Thoee of the Metropolitan Board of Works, already enumerated. ' The granting of music and dancing iicensse in the metropolis, including the city; the management of asylums for pauper lunatics and reformatory and industrial schools, and the regulation of weigbu and measures. & Powers transferred from various authorities with regard to highways ; li- { censing of slaughter- bouse* and election of coroners. 4> Nsw powsrs conferred by Parliament in respect to technical education ; regis- tration ef electors ; medical officers of health; inspection ef factories to secure means of escape from fire suppression ol nuisances overhead wires and the signs; the appointment of inspectors under the Shop Hours Act, liflU. The veslriee continue to have charge of paving, lighting and the) smaller sewer*. The relation* between them and the Conn- oil are in the hand* of conference . ommit- tee* of the Council. The expenditure of the Council i* defray working people and is s man of the strong- sst and most irreproachable character. John Williams Ben is also an important member D| the Council He wae elected from East Kinsbury, a district which also re- turned Lord Roeebery. The city ef London, over which the Council has at present but little authority, nevertheless elects four members to it. Among these is the Duke of Norfolk. Premier Peer and hereditary Earl Mar- shal, of England. He is a Moderate, !tOBLMN COC.HrlLLOBH. Othsr peers m the Council are Lord Dun- raven, Lord Farrer and Lord Wslby. Several former members of the Government ate in it. About half ths Councillors are professional or university men. ^ omen rats-payers have the right to vote for member* of the County Council. A strong effort wae mads by certain women to maintain tnmr right to sit in the Coun- cil. Lady Sandhurst was sleeted to the first Council, but was not allowed to sit. One of the great object* for which the Progressives ef the Council are fighting is the control of the polios. This has been retained by the Govsrnmsnt on the pretext (hat London is the imperial capital, and that its psaos is more the concern of the nation than of the people of the metropol- is. The County Council appears to have a conception of the size of the task of govern- ing London wn.c.i Parliament and ether bodies havs not had. A committee wae appointed to ooneiiier the means of increas- ing the water tupply of ths metropolis. As Vhe works proposed could not be completed within ten yeare it was held that it would be abeurd to provide for a supply which would only be juel sufficient at the end of that period. It was decided that the works should be adequate to eupply water to the population of fifty years hence. what will the population be the j ? The number of pereone at present dependent en the water supply is about 5,750,000. If the metropolis grows at the rate ef the period from 1881 lo 1891 the population at the end ef fifty yean will be 17,5-.>7,46. If it only grows by the natural incresse of births over death* it will be 10,438,989 in 1941. After coneiderini theee and various other oalculatioae tlie County Council de- cried that 1:2,300,000 was a fair eelimete of ths population of London in 1941. THE BLACKSMITH SCOWLS. Met Keeanta Bavace. tost thai Is I* Is Trademark. To disguise himself, the blacksmith ha* only, if posubls. to put OB a smile, and a frank and op*n expression. As ths smith wields his hammer with an energy that has something fierce and vengeful about it, be automatically c-ontracts his brow* into a frown. He doe* this partly, no doubt to protect bis syes from the flying fiaxss of metal, but if you watch the fane of the man who holds the iron oa the anvil, you _______ will find that, although he lowers hi* e "by-law* for'th* i eysbrows somewhat, as us sledges d**oend. i. and regulation of ht < *" oot oow l. '" * *tnk*r. In removal ot sky ""o* 1 blacksmith* the constant *x*rciss ef the corruga'or supercilh muscle* causes a permanent frown, and give* '.he face a eomewhat hard expression; but whether there is any inward and spiritual slat* corresponding with his outward and visibls sign, I am not quire sure. 1 remember being a good deal impressed, when visiting in a shipbuilding town, by sd out of capital mooev raised by the issue ' th _ ln ^J" ***? *^ of stock and current income rau*d by a ~ oro * ' tn " T I - " Dd boileremiihs with who-n I was county rate, Tne Council's power* to si- | brought in contact. On* instinctivsly pend capital money are conferred by an wo">Jred at first what there was about a harmless hoapital surgeon, who mimiiered ( them in time* of dir* trouble, to excite such an air >( watchful hostility. I soon found, annual act of Parliament. THE COCBCIL'* TAX BATS. Ths policy of ths advanced party in the Council is to issue continually more (took, and also, it is alleged, to increase the rale. The rate for the peat year was M oente in the pound sterling Oat of this varying , sums wars granted to parishes in relief of | r , The Council meete weekly and receives report* fiom it* twenty (landing commit- tee*. It may delegate every power to committees, except that of making a rate of raising money. The great balk of it* The cares of the Council's standing committeee would All volumes and very interesting ones. Ths Asylums Committee ha* 10,000 lunatic* to watch over. The Housing of the Working Classes Committee i* charged with the building of model dwellings on a great area which has been occupied by condemned slums. All the common lodging-houses in the county are under the supervision of another com- mittee. The Council ha* carried out the tasks Isft to it by the Board of Works, and ha* entered on immsnee undertaking* in the way of destroying slums and improving the nouses and general condition of the poor. It has increased the sue and efficiency of however, that no hostile sentiments were entertained, but that the frowning, falcon- like expression was sxplained partly by the "imith's scowl," above mentioned, and partly by the (act that ail liieee men were somswhat deaf by their noisy their poverty, j wurk , n , i> lu eoo.eq.1, nee. had a habit of watching ths face of any one who with tnem. Whether their characters in any way corresponded with their acquired expressions I did not die* I cover; there we* a grave courtesy in their 1 demeanor while in hospital which was | singularly dignified and pleasing, although always slightly suggestive of the politeness Juring armll i 10 e. GRAINS OF GOLD. the Fire Brigade. under the Thames. It has built a tunnel It has added three Just ss you are pleased at finding faults, ; you are displeased at finding perfections. Lava tsr. 1 shall leave the world without regret, for it hardly contains a single good lis- tener. Footeoelle. Love i* more pleasing than martiags, because romanoee are mole amusing than history. .;hamfort. Women cherish fashion, because it re- large and many smallsr parki to the 2,rJ36 juvenalss them, or at least renews them, acres already under its care. The largest , Mme. de Preizeux. Who partakes in another's joys is a more humane naractet than he who par- takes in his griefs. Lavater. Reason can not show itself more reason- able then to ceass reasoning on thing* wta ,_n lt p. Sllln ..' A <' "" " * h ' LondOD pares are still in the hands of Com- missioners. Ths preeent County Council, elected in March is the third einoe the creation of the body. The character and steading of it* members will be a matter of mutest It fortunately turned out that Kngliehmen with political ambition, and that is the highsst smbition thsy indulge in, wsrs ' Mtonishm.nl and scandal like back horse* not above public esrvioe in the County Council. Conservative*, who were not very amicably disposed toward the new body, although it was a creation of their Kvernment, did oot scornfully ignore it. ke sensible men, they went in and fought thsir Radical opponents as hard as thsy could. PEK.SO.NAI.ITY Or THB MXMHRKS. Lord Roeebery's example in offering himsslf for election a* a r'rogressive or Radical for Bast Fiasbury was of the greatest value. British Radical* cannot help feeling au unusually dusp interest in a Radical who i> also an Karl and a friend of the Prince of Wale*. On* of the most striking figures in the Council is undoubtedly thatol John Burns, Progressive Member for Ratter-sea. He is an engineer by trade, thirty-six yeare old, first attained prominence as a mem- ber of labor organizations, then entered i he County Council anil then Parliament. He it a Socialist of a practical s.iu.1, tak- Iing what b* can get when he oannot get all he want*. He i* a hero of the Krilieh setting out to gallop. C'hamtort. ! rue fiiends visit ns in prosperity only when invited, but in adversity thsy come without invitation. Theophrastus. Ths pIcMuree ot the palate deal witn us like Kgyptian thieves, who itrangle those whom they embrace. -Seneca. Memory is the primary acd fundamental power, without whioh there could l>* no other lotelleotual operation. Johnson. A cultivated reader of history is domes- ticated in all families : he dines with Vendee and sups with Titian. Willmott. If ths wicked flourish, and thon suffer, be not discouraged. They are fatted for destruction ; thou art die tied for health.* Fuller. i b that yon could turn your eye* toward the napes of your necks, and make bnt an interior survey of youl good seives. Shakes psare. It is slways a "ign of poverty of mind when nu'n *re ever aiming lo apppear great for they who are really great n***r seean to know it. CeutL OtJNTKD POLICE. a rtexwreeejBj* Meelr f lrv-ui*r C*v airy Tkat Keen* Ike Feaest li Caaa4laa sjertn Weet, One ef the m >et picturesque and sxosl - lent bodies ef irregular eavalry to be found in North America is the North- West mounted police of Canada. Its duties have been various and semi-military, like those performed on the Texas border by the Texas rangers, and have assisted greatly in the settlement ef the North- West. Prior to 1974 uiat territory was lawless, bnt the police quartered there that year soon restored reepast far law, and whiskey trading with the Indiaas, smuggling across the border and horse-steeling have been stopped. The Canadian Government psesed law* making it a crime to bring stolen property into ths territory ef toe North West, and soon after tne Montana legislature reci- procated, tries making our Northern front- ier less lawless than ths Mexican border, where contraband and stolen goads find a protecting haven. The boundary line from Manitoba to British Columbia is con. stantly patrolled by ton irregular cavalry, and their etfioers havs been frequently entertained at AesiniDome, our most Northern Montana post. THI 3OBTH-WMY rOLJCB was organized in 1873. er the maintenance of order in the North Went Territories, which at that time had been recently so- quired by Canada. In tn* autumn of 1873, l.'xi men were enlisted in Ssatern Canada and sent to Manitoba.and that winter were quartered at tfort Garry, about twenty miles front Winnipeg. Lieut-Cel French, of the Royal Artillery, Commandant of the Kingston School of Uunnery.wae appointed first >o commend, with the title of Com- missioner ef ae N.-W. It. P. In the eprtng this foroe was increased to 300 men, w ..en were noreed.. equipped and transfsrred to Fort Dufferin. aow Fort Kmsrseo, Manitoba. During ths summer ef lv this force mar hed from the tied R.ver to the bats of the Rocky Mountains, where a post was established in ths foot-hills and named Fert MacLeod. From this point one battalion marched north and eetabiisbsd the poet ol Fort Saskatchswan, the moit northern elation now eeonpied by military troops uu this continent. A third post, Fort Pally, on the Assiaibdine River, was then established, and nominated the headquarters for ins .N.irth-lTut police. From time to tune the origins! force wae increased, and at ths out- break known as the Nurth- Weet rebellion it was further raised until it numbered 1,000 men, or about ite present strength. The force is subdivided into tan divisions of about 100 men each. The pay of this force i* ths highest of any military foroe in the world. Staff sergeants. fl.SO per day ; sergeants, f I ; corf orals, ij cents. From the Kempiville Auvaner "I am now almost at tne foot of the h.li of life, having attained the 76Vi year of my age, and never during that t me hive I mads a statement inure willingly and con- scientiously than now. My nouy lias Ucen '.urtured by pain for upwards of to rty yean, caued by rhMumat-u<n. and- there are 1-houaandi enduring a like aflHcuon thatneej ool li they would but need my exper.eaoa and avail themselves of the proper meant of relief. The diaeaes first affected my hip and spread to my teat ind arms. Likemauy suffereis I spared neither trouble nor ex- pense in seeking eometmng to alleviate the pain. The disease had made tne so hsipiess met I was unable lo put on my coat and my hands and fingers were beinx twisted out of shape. There seemed not the shadow of a hope of relief and very naturally I be- came discouraged and disheartened, and time after time have I given up in deepa.r. Vhile in Ariz na three yeare ago I beard of Dr. Williams' Pink P-.lie. I seat for six boxes in order to give thsm a fair trial. I followed tne directions closely and by the time the fourth box was finished the pain had greatly lessened and I was much im- I. My friend* having wun ems J the of the police is very handsome. For full drees thsy wear a scanst tuuic with yellow facings, blue cloth riding breeches wilo yellow stripea, a white helmet, oavalry boot* and cavalry overcoat. In winter great fur <-oats, fur caps and mocoaaini even are eomettmee worn. A fatigue uniform is furnished for field work, that is very serviceable and busmsee like. Knlistmenu are from three 10 five yan. The officers' headdress is particularly handsome, being a visor .ess indented crown of black Persian iambs' wool, faced wun a yellow bushy bag oa oat side. With it is wera black Pereiaa lambs' wool gauntlets to match. Ths force is armed witu the Winchessei rifle and revolver. The saddlee are of a frontier type, and the gun is slung in a strap across the pommel ol the saddle, a* men in the South frequently secure their guns when deer hunting. The duties of this force, are both military and civil. They are drilled like a military organization and liable, Ilka militia, to be called into service. Their civil work is various. Preventing muggling, horss stealing, whiskey vatic with the Indians, enforcing quarantine and timber regula- tion*, fighting forest fires and giving s gensral civil protection to inhabitants of the North- Week Persons who nave eroeied the continent, via the Canadian Pacific, have probably eeen detachments of this foroe at Banff Keuineai.'l Calgary are garrisoned stations, Amonx ths private* and oon-oom missioned officers am frequently fonnd the younger sons of English genUemen, with prospective title, working up to get * commission. The police have one very good polo club. Bullet Marks IB a Church Door. An interesting discovery has been mad at the Church of Su Mary, with St Andrew, Tenyham, in Kent. The western door recently underwent renovation, and the removal of all superficial covering disclosed that the portal was of fine maasivs oak, which, on sxamiuation, was found to be scarred in several place* with buiie: markt. Chore are eight distinct puncturee, in some of which the leaden bullets still remain imbedded, it is supposed that they were tired into the door by some of Crom- well's soldiers whsn engaged in the spoliation and desecration of the Kentish churches. Cerebro-Atomltlsm Jargon Slimlet's brain is proof to me of the atomic theory. Gabbs- How ? Jargon Tne ultimate atom, you know : so small as to be incapable of division. For twenty-five years DUNN'S BAKING POWDER THECOOK'SBEST FRIEND I \KUI-1 x\M IN i wt CM&BLr -o rtrt ox xrr COAT. wonderful effect upon my body could not help admiring the Pick Pills, and being about te leave for the east, 1 gave I the remaining two bexes to them. L'nfor- j : unately I neglected getting another supply for nearly a year after returning to tnie part and I fell that to me Pink Pill* were one ef the neosesarie* ef life. Last spring 1 procured a few boxes and have been taking them eincu with a very saus'ae- lory effect am jlad to say. New I feel like a new man entirely free rrom pain or stiffness of joint. I have a slight numbness of feel and half way to Uie knee, bnt am confident that the** pill* will relieve thi* feeling. Although well advanced la yean, I am able and do walk many mile* a day. Far rheumatism Dr. Wu hems' Pink Pill* stand pre-sminently above all other medicine* according t* my experience and I urge a trial on all suffering from tai* painfBl The above i* an unvarnished statement of fact* as told the Advance) recently by Ml. (ieorge jelleck, an esteemed resident of Miller's Coraera, and no one hearing the earnest mtnner of it* recite* oonid fail lo be convinced of Mr. Selleoks sincerity. Bnt if this were net enough hundreds of witneess* could be summoned, if need be, to prove the trnah of every word staled. Mr. Angus Buehanan. the well known druggist and popular reeve of Kemp tvi lie, speaks of Dr. Williams' Pink Pills s* one of the most popular remedies known, hav- ing a great sal* among his customers and giving general satisfaction. Rhsumalicm, soiauoe, neuralgia, partial paralysis, looomotor alaxla, nervous head- ache, nervous prostration and diseases depending on humor* in the blood, such as scrofuU, chronio erysipelas, esc., ail di*> appear bsiore a fair treatment with Dr Wi.hams Pink Piils. They give a healthy glow to pale and sallow complexions and build up and renew ths entire system. Sold by ail dealers or sent postpaid at SOo. a box or six box** for 92.50, by addressing the Dr. William* Medic ne Co., Brookvilla, Ont., or Scheoeotady, X Y. Uon't br penuaded to take eome obetitute. Altogether Too Honest. Hotel Clerk That lawyer stopping with ue i* the most hone*t man I ever heard *L Landlord Why ? Plerk He site up IB a chair and sleep* at night. Landlord What's that got to de with it. Clerk Ue says after hit day'* work is over, he doeen't think hs ought to Us in bed. Still Unsatisfied. First Stranger Sir. my wife says yen have been etarmg at her for tne last half hour. 1 want an apology. Second Stranger Certainly. I may hav* been looking a', your wife, but 1 was in a deep study and did not see her at all. Use ! When she hears that she will b* madder than ever. In the Heat Market Butcher Will you hav* a round steak Miss* Young Housekeeper I >h, I don't oar* what shftps it is, so it' tender. 1 he Word Pained Him. Wenry Walker How much did work ihat agent for, Ragsy ? Rsgey Robert*) 1 wish yer woaldBt u*e that word work to me. It's unperfntw* nal. On th Street. Kindly old gent Ah, little girl, are yon going somewhere ? Little Kirl (with amaxing superiority) Of oeuree I am. Von don't suppose I could go nowhere, de you ? Cunning leads to knavery. It is bat a step from one to the other, and that very aiippery. Brcvera