7 icnrenitacttis Remarks on Canada in 1806-7. BY HUGH GRAY. Staves of any dimensions may be got by giving previous notice. Contracts may be enter.d into with those who prepare them, to any given size. Sorne have late- ly been shipped 5 inches thick; and it is probable that staves of that thickness will answer extremely well wherever labour 1s cheaper than in Canada, or where ingenui- ty or machinery can abridge the labour of splitting orsawing. 'The average price on board has been considered about £33 per 1200 standard. ~ All the timber shipped at Quebec is floated down the river in what is termed rafts: a raft is the general name; but they | , vary greatly in their construction, accord- ing the kind of wood of which they are composed. The large masts are laid close to each other, and have pieces of oak fasten- ed to them, in order to keep them together, which is not an easy matter in some of the rapids. 'The rafts of oak timber and staves are of a different form: a great number of large pieces of pine are strongly fastened together with wooden pins making a kind of frame in the form of gridiron. To this " frame the pieces of oak are fastened, and thereby buoyed up; for they are so heavy they would not float of themselves. These floats or rafts are so well put together that they resist the strong concussions 1m coming down the rapids, and it is remark- able there is nota piece of iron about them: the only fastenings' are wooden pins and the twigs and young shoots of trees of a tough and pliable nature. The cables even, which they use as a fastening to prevent them being carried up the river by the flowing tide, are nothing bnt young shoots of trees (chiefly hickory) fastened and * twistedtogether. By these floats not only the oak, both squared and in plank is brought down, but also staves, and they are of vast dimensions. They are manage- ed and directed by the force of large oars or sweeps, from 30 to 40 feet long, having their fulcrum near the edge of the raft-- The rowers are stationed at the proper dis- tance to give effect to their exertions on the lever ; and, it must be allowed a grea; pow- er is wanted to give direction to such an unwieldy mass :--15 to 20 people are em- ployed on some of them ; a house is erect- ed on them in which the people sleep and eat; for they have cooking utensils, a_ fire- place, and beds--such as they are. After the wood is sold the float and house are also.disposed of; and like the scow, gener- ally for a very little money. It is a pity that the Canadians do not turn their attention to the manufacturing of potash ; there is no want of wood, nor indeed of anythiny but industry and exer- tion. the best ashes are made from beech, elm, and some other hard. woods. None of the pine genus, nor any of the soft woods answer the purpose. Potash sells in Cana- dausually tor from £40 to £50 per ton, the peailash is in general somewhat high- er. The fisheries of the St. Lawrence have never been fullowed up with spirit; an es- tablishment has been formed on the Labra- dor shore trom whence considerable quan- tities of salmon, codfish, mackerel and shad are annually brought to Quebec, and either used in thy country or re-shipped for the West Indies, A species of hering and a fish about the size of a salmon called bass are caught, salted and sent to the West India market in considerable quantities, The fur trade of Canada in point of value to Great Britain, is nearly equal to any other branch of the Canada trade.-- The duty paid in England on furs and skins imported from Canada, amounted per an- num on an average of four years ending 1806, to £22,053. The lumber trade is of more real yalue to Britain, because timber is of more real use in society. 'The corn trade is perhaps more valuable to the Canadians than the fur trade, but the trade in furs employs a great number of people and a large Cap- ital. A variety of articles for domestic pur- poses which used formerly to be imported from Britain, are now manufactured in this country. Of the manufactures of Canada, the iron forges take the lead, 'There are two works of this kind inthe province, one near Three Rivers, called the forge of St. Maurice; the other at Batiscam near St Ann's oa the road from Quebec to Mon- treal. 'he chief article manufactured at these forges, are stoves, bar iron and cook- ing utensils. Besides what is necessary forthe use of Canada, there' is a considera- 'ile exportation of cast-iron articles purticu- larly of Stoves. A species of sugar is made in Canada from the Maple tree, which is extremely good when purified. The method of making it is this--In the month of March and April when the sap begins to rise, an incision is made in the tree a- bout 3 feet from the ground and the sap soon begins to run out. It is received in- to a vessel placed for the purpose ; a piece of wood is stuck into the incision which conducts the sap into the vessel, and it is carried to the boiler. Those who wish to make sugar, go into the woods and encamp among maple-trees--they carry bo lers and other necessary apparatus with them ; and they remain in the woods for several days, till the whole provess is finished. ~The quantity of maple sugar made in Ca- nada is equal to two-thirds of the whole consumption of the country. And from- the number of maple trees with which the woods abounds, one might imagine that enough might be made to render it an ar- ticle of trade and exportation. But they are deterred from it by the general abun- dance of West India sugar which can be purchased nearly as cheap as maple sugar, being often at five-pence per pound. where this is the case the Jamaica sugar will al- ways have the preference. The word Negro. Necro is derived from the Latin term niger--meaning black, The following terms and definitions are in the American edition of Dr. Walker's Dictionary. Moor--a marsh, a fen; a negro. Marsh--a fen, a bog, a swamp; a plant. Moorish--fenny, marshy. Negro--blackmoor. In Dr. Johnson's Dictionary-- American edition by Rev. Joseph Hamilton, M. A., 1£10--we find these words thus defined: Negro, an African by birth, or a des- cendant of one of full blood. Moor, a black man, a marsh. Marsh, low ground. Necro, a blackmoor, a slaye, a mean wretch, Moor, a black, marsh, watery ground. Marsh, a fen, a bog, aswamp, watery ground, In Dr. Webster's definition of the com- plexion of the skin, he calls it the blood of Africa, or their descendants--as follows: Mangroon, is all black, a full blood, (a whole negro.) Sambo, is three quarters blood, (three quarters negro.) Mulatto, is one half blood, (one half negro. Niger, Latin word, was formerly used by the Moors--the old Romans, to designate any black, inferior object, &e,, a plant a marsh, flat, moist ground, bog, o1 animal, Micah, the Morasthite (a prophet of the Moors,) prophesied in the days of Hezekiah, king of Judah; and spake to all the peo- ple of Judah, (the Moors,) saying, thus saith the Lord of hosts: Zion shall be ploughed like a field, and Jerusalem shall become heaps, (a forest.) Micah showeth the wrath of God against Jacob foridolatry. (Jer, xxvi. 18. Micah i. 1.--Light and Truth. Help for Fugitives in Canada. (From the Toronto Globe.) Dear Sir.--You published in yesterday's Globe a copy of certain resolutions, adopted by a meeting of colored citizens, of Wind- sor and its vicinity, condemnatyry of what they style " the begging system." that is, the practice of soliciting aid in money or clothes, from the friends of the slave in Canada, or the United States. 'These resolutions con- tain much that I approve of, but as they are calculated to make a false impression on the minds ofsincere friends of the colors ed people, andas I have received communi- cations regarding them from benevolent in- dividuals in the United States, permit me to make a remark or two, respecting them. 1. Itis unquestionably true. that in this country, equal rights are guaranteed to all men, irrespective of colour, and that all, black or white, who sincerely desire to work can secure ample means of subsistence ; still many cases will occur, from unavoidable causes, as sickness, death, &e., in which a little -kindly aid, judiciously bestowed, would cheer desponding hearts, and revive drooping hopes, This remark applies to the poorer classes, of whatever colour they may be. 2. Such cases of destitution, do not of necessity prove that the parties, so suffer- ing, are " improvident, thriftless and) im- becile ;" and much less does it argue this in the case of Fugitives from slavery, who, itis to be presumed, are invariably desti- tute on their arrival in a stran ze country, and amongst those not specially interested in their behalf. 3. While it is to be lamented that, in seye- eral instances, the benevolent have been im- posed upon hy parties perambulating the country, representing themselves as authori- zed agents, for collecting on behalf of cer- tain societies, but who have devoted to their own purpose, the gifts of the charitable, there is no sufficient reason to believe that the allegations made in the resolutions re- ferred to, respecting the Refugees' Home Society, are founded in fact. On the cen- trary, from a careful examination of all the published documents I believe that these charges are the result of erroneous judg- ment ; if not, of prejudice or jealousy. 4, While, finally, I admit that evils may arise from mode of distributing such charities the experience Ihave had of the beneficial effects of such gifts wisely administered by the " Ladies' Association," in Toronto, war- rants in urging upon the friends of the col- ored race in the United States and in Great Britain, to increase, rather than to diminish the amount of their contributions during the present winter. Those who have read the last annual report of the Ladies' Association will understand my reasons for making such a request, 5, Contiibutions of money or warm cloth- ing, bedding, é&e., will be thankfully receiv- ei, and distributed by Mrs, Arnold, Presi- ae dent, Mrs. Dr, Willis, Treasurer, or by the Secretaries of the Toronto Ladies' Associa- tion for the relief of destitute Colored Fugi- tives' --These names are sufficient guaran- tee that what may be intrusted to their care by the benevolent, will be given out with prudence and discrimination. Tan, Sir, Your obed't servant, THOMAS HENNING, Toronto, 27th Oct,, 1852, Cotton and Slavery. The following statements in regard to the capacities of Australia for producing cotton, taken in connection with what is going onin India, will be read with interest by all who are considering the mighty causes which God seems to be arraying for the overthrow of oppression. May he hasten the time when cotton can be grown without the labor of slaves.--Christian Press, Dr. Lang has published his statements in regard to Australian cotton, His sam- ples are appraised in Manchester at 1s. Sd. to 2s, per pound, The land yields 320 pounds of clean cdfton to the acre, at a cost of £ to produce it, and can be treight- ed Its quality is equal to Sea Island. Lang says: " Along the east coast of Australia, on which it has been ascertained beyond the possiblity of a doubt, that cotton of superi- or quality for the manufactures of this country can be grown, by means of British free labor, to any conceivable extent, viz: from Sydney in latitude 34, to Wide Bay in latitude 26 south, that is, eight degrees of Latitude or about 550 statute miles; there are not fewer, than thirteen tide rivers, all available for steam navigation, and all presenting a greater or less extent of alluvial land, of the first quality for the growth of cotton and other semi-tropical products, on their banks. In other words, there is a river available for steam naviga- tion every forty miles along this*whole line of coasts; and on the banks of these rivers, three of which have already a re- gular steam communication with the col- onial capital, there are millions of acres of the finest land--much of it ready for the plow--in one of the finest climates in the world." Dr. Let There Be Light. The Commonwealth office, Boston, Mas- sachusetts, has sold thirty one thousand co- pies of Gidding's speech ; twenty four thou- sand of Mann's; and nineteen thousand of Sumner's. Good for Boston. But we think we are a little ahead. We have sold upwards of ninety thousand of the docu- ments ; and orders are continually coming in.-- Cleveland True Democrat. Youare behind the age, friend Vauch. It was a long time ago that we made the above announcement. Here are some figures for you to beat, Jf you can / Amount of Documents printed at the office of the Boston Commonwealth, to 9th Oct. 1852. DOCUMENTS, COPIES. Mann's speech, . . « 61,000 Sumner's speech, . . 34,000 The Three Platforms, - 32,000 Gidding's Speech, . 31,000 Townsend's " , : 26,000 Wilson's Mal 5 - 20,000 Rantoul's " -' 's1° 19/000 Total, . 4 ©. 223,000 The above table does notinclude a large number of documents printed at Washing- ton and Worcester, and sold by us--nor a yery large amount which we shall be obli- ged to print immediately, in order to supply the continually increasing demand, Proba- bly 5000,v00 copies of the several docu- ments will be despatched from our office before December, and destined to accom- plish immense good.--Boston Common- wealth. Apvice to Boys.--- Never enter a house with your shoes loaded with mud, Always remoye your hat or cap from your head before entering a parlor, Never rudely stare people in the face. But if you are conversing with any one, look him in the face with a cheerful dignified, and respectful assurance. To stare idly or wildly at strangers, or any one, as though you had never seena human face, is exceedingly impolite, and a mark of ill-breeding. Be polite, modest, and respectful to every one. What is more unlovely and disgusting in conduct, than a mere stripling youth assuming an air of self-importance and disrespect to- ward. his fellows? , In going about the house. step lightly and quickly. Never walk with a heavy dragging step. Never go slip-shod with your shoes untied, or down at the heel. Never slam doors'or window shutters. Be cautious and gentle in all your movements, as all polite and genteel boys are, Never be clownish. Some rude boys seem to pride themselves in low, vulgar tricks, antic gestures, foolish jesting and cant phrases, for the purpose of exciting laughter. Foolish persons may Jaugh at it, but persons of good common sense look upon such behavior with disgust. ; By all means never get the habit of chewing or smoking tobacco. Some boys think that such a practice will make these men ormanly. 'This is a very foolish and mistaken idea--it makes loafers of them instead of men. Kiems. Bee "My lad," said a lady to a boy carrying newspapers " are youa mail boy ?" "You dozen't think I"ze a female boy, duz ye." tz" Winter will soon knock at the door and leave his frosty foot-print upon the threshold. Remember the poor in time. 2 A vessel has cleared from New York for Australia, with a printer, and materials for establishing a paper at Port Phillip. Aas A prudent master advised his drun- ken servant to put by his money fora rainy day. Ina few weeks the master inquired how much he had saved. " Faith, none at all," said he ; "I did as you bid mie, it rained yesterday, and away i all wint!" Aze Died, at this place, on Monday last Philip, better known as " Old Phill," aged about 1U5 years. He was the oldest man, white or black, in this Country, and had been a faithful servant. 'The old man was buried on Tuesday night; a large number of the blacks followed him to the graye The torch was carried by another venerable black, whose hoary head and unsteady gait betokened that he, too, would soon follow his old associate, [Grove Hill (Ala) Herald. Re Tut Queen a Sanparax Scnoon Tracuer.--* The London correspondent of the Hdinburgh Witness, states the interest- ing fact that Queen Victoria hasa Sabbath and day class of children which she regu- larly teaches when she is at Windsor Castle. 'The recipients of the royal attention are children of the domestics of the castle. This fact is more creditable to her Majesty than all the records of display which the Court Journal eyer contained." Rz#-" When interest on debt become due, pay it atthe time, whether your creditor wants it or not. Never ask him to wait till next week, but pay it. Never insult him by saying," You don't want it." Punetuality is a key to every man's chest." The largest Church in Kentucky, is the First African Baptist Church, in Lexington, numbering seyenteen hundred and _tifty members. Under the care of Elder London Ferrill, an intelligent, zealous, and hizhly respected man of color the church has grown in all the elements of prosperity, and is now as efficient a religious community as any in the State, " Miserable is he who slumbers on in idle- ness. Miserable the workman who sleeps before the hour of rest, or who lies down in the shadow, while his brethren work in the sun. 'There is no rest from labor on earth. There are always duties to preform and functions to exercise; functions which are ever enlarging, and extend in proportion to the growth of our moral and mental station. Man is born to work, and he must work while it is day." Lire of A GEnTLeMan.--He gets up leisurely, breakfasts comtortably, reads the paper regularly, dresses fashionably, loun- ges fastidiously, eats a tart gravely, talks insipidly, dines considerably, drinks super- fluously, kills time indifferently, sups ele- gantly, goes to bed stupidly, and lives use- lessly. --French paper. 'Domestic Lirs.--Pleasure is to a wo- man what the sun is to, the flower : if mo- derately enjoyed it beautifies, it refreshes, and it improves--if immoderately, it with- ers, deteriorates, and destroys. But the du- ties of domestic life, exercised as they must be in retirement, and calling forth all the sensibilities of the female, are perhaps as necessary for the full development of her charms as the shade and the shadow are to the rose, confirming its beauty, and increas- ing its fragrance." Puncroariry.-- Washington was a min- ute man, An accurate cluck in the entry at Mount Vernon controlled the move- ments of the family, At his dinner parties, he allowed five minutes for difference of watches, and then waited for no one. If members of Congress came at a late hour, his simple apology was, "Gentlemen we are tov punctual for you;" or, " Gentle- men I have a cook who never asks whether the hour has come," Nobody ever waited for General Wash- ington. He was always five minutes be- fore the time ; and if the parties he had engaged to meet were not present at the season appointed, he considered' the en- gagement cancelled, and would leave the place, and refuse to return, THE LATE AMIABLE RULER OF THE POLES, --When the Grand Duke Constantine was travelling in Germany, he on one occasion weary of the slow progress he made, ordered the post-boy repeatedly to drive faster, but to no purpose; he then threatened to shoot him if he did not quicken his pace ; the postillion persisted in jogging on at his own rate, which so provoked the grand duke that he drew a pistol, and shot him dead upon the spot--Lumsden's Journey, SS MRS. ALEXANDER'S BOARDING. HOUSE. Corner of Bates and Congress sts., RS. A. furnishes the best accommoda- tion on the most reasonable terms, Please give her a call. FOSTER'S HOTEL. R. LEVI FOSTER, of Amherstburg, Canada West, would inform his friends and the public generally, that he has neatly titted up a Hotel, on Market-street for the accommodation of such as may favor him: with their patronage. His prices shall be liberal, and no time and pains spared to: render satisfaction to his customers. He has also a variety of splendid carriages and horses to let, connected with the above esta~ blishment, for the accommodation of the' public, ANTI-SLAVERY BOOKS O be had in Detroit, at McFarren's Book: Store Jefferson Avenue. The UNCONSTITUTIONALITY OF SLAVERY, by Lysander Spooner. HENRY BIBB'S NARRATIVE OF SLAVERY, Illustrated with Engrayingss. 'This work will be sent to order by applying: to the book agent of the 'True Wesleyan book concern, No. 8 Spruce st., N. Y. or to, Wm. Hamed at 61 Johnst., at the follow- ing prices ; Paper covers - - - -§0874 Cloth nding - - - - 050 Extra gilt bound - - - 100 For cash in hand one third will be taken, off. UNIVERSAL HISTORY of the Couor- ep and Inpian Racer, By R. B. Lewis, AEE Rk 8 ied Winkel iit hail A VALUABLE LOT FOR SALE, A valuable Lot, with a new frame store upon it, in the village of Dresden, ad- joining the Dawn Institute, on the River Sydenham, being at the head.of the navi- gation of that river, it is an. excellent, position for a country store. Price $400. JAMES DOUGALL. Windsor, Canada West. BABY & O'CONNOR, LAW, CHANCERY, AND CONVEYANCING, OFFICES, AT SANDWICH & WINDSOR. Chas. Baby, John O'Connor, Jr., Sandwich. Windsor, SU ently THE WINDSOR PRINVUNG OPPICGR BIBB AND HOLLY ESPECTFULLY inform the inhabitants ot Windsor and vicinity, that they are now prepared to exeeute every description of work in their line with aceuracy, neat- ness and despatch. Books, Pamphlets, Circulars, Handbills, &., at Detroit Prices. Handbills struck off in one hour's notice. The patronage of the public is eanestly solicited, H. BIBB, J.T, HOLLY, CHEAP BOSTON STORE. OOTS AND SHOES, 'The subscriber has on hand at all times a full and complete assortment of Boots and Shoes of descriptions, of superior quality and work- manship, which will be sold at extreme low prices, for READY PAY ONLY. The Citizens of Detroit and the surronnd- ing country are respectfully invited to call in and examine our stock and prices before purchasing elswhere, as they cannot but be, suited. I keep on hand a constant supply of my own manufacture, made from the best. materials the market here or the east will. atiord. This establishment keeps in constant. employment about seventy hands, with an. experienced foreman to superintend, and all. work sold by me as my own manufacture,. will be warranted, and at about the same price that eastern work is sold. Also, always on hand, a general and com-- plete assortment of Ladies,' Gentlemen's. Misses' and Children's Boots and Shoes of all descriptions of Eastern munufacture, and. of as good quality as can be purchased in the eastern market, which will be sold. cheaper than at any other establishment in the state. All the above work was selected expressly for the retail trade, and is of the very best quality--any work purchased at this estab- lishment, proving different from that repre~ sented, may be returned and the money will be refunded. Boots and Shoes of all descriptions made to order on the shortest notice. Repairing in all its branches done in a neat and durable manner, at prices to suit the times. Findings of all descriptions kept con stantly on hand. L. L. FARNSWORTH. #2 Dont forget the number and get into the wrong Shop, but remember the Gornic Srorn, 54, east side of Wood- ward Avenue, five doors below the Presby- terianC hurch, and 2d store from Jefferson Avenue, i nl4.