kisi HENRY BIBB, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. YOICH OF THE FUGITIVE Lvery other Gedney at Sandie, Canada + / West. T y ; stu TERMS. - ONE DOLLAR per annum, always in ad- yance. No subscription will be receiyed tor a less term than six months. Advertisements, not exceeding ten lines, in- "serted four times for one: dollar. Every coJgubgequent insertion twenty-five cents. mipptt yy gstert pie, fe J i i ated c - List of Agents. 'anada West: Amherstburg, D, Hotch- and Levi Foster. Sandwich, Israel Campbell: © ingen Tb _ Chatham : James EK. Grant. Dawn Mills: George Cary, 5. Toronto: J.T. Fisher. | Michigan: J. F. Dolbeare, Raison ; Fran- ois King, Flint; Dr." Barnes, Owasso ; Chester Gurney, Centreville. _ Illinois : Ma. Eastman, Chicago; Rey. Mr, Miller, Aurora; Dr. L. Hale, Dundee, 'Massachusetts: R. F. Waleut, 21 Corn- hill, Boston'; Mrs. W. Blakemore, Boston ; J. Morse, No. 5 Water-street ; Henry Rich- ards, Fall River; Rey. Wm.,, Brewster, Lowell ; Rufus Elmer, Springfield ; Rey. A Stockman, Worthington ; W. Harley, North- hainpton; W. Fuller, Amherst; Rev. Mr Fos- ter, Littleville. Vew Jersey: Rev. E. P. Rogers. ' WVew York: Wm. Harned, No. 48, Beckman st., New York; L. C. Matlack, No. 3 Spruce- at; J. N. Glaucester, 40 West Broadway ; Wm. Rotter, Hudson ; John Miles, Albany; G. W. Loguen, John Lyle, Syracuse ; George Weir Jr., Butfalo ; Lewis Clark, Busti. New Hampshire: Edward Bracket, Dover; A. Ty Foss, ftnintettsr, Elder Brooks, Great Falls. : i Ohio: Wim. Merrett, Maumee City ; J. R. Gains, Cincinnati ; Henry Dabuer, Hlyria. Pennsylvania : Dr. Bies, Wm. Still, Esther Moore, Philadelphia ; M. R. Delancey, Pitts- burg: i ocean =, Theodore Holly, Burlington. England: Rey. Josiah Henson, London also Rey. H. H. Garnet and Dr. J. W. C. Pennington, and Isaac Henson. 0 American Liberty. ' When the French Chamber of Deputies, during the progress of the first revolution, promulgated tle deerce that "there is no God," it. was the extreme zeal for liberty, which was apparently manifested by all the revolutionary leaders, which caused them' to act thus insanely. Their professions were ztoannihilate both bodily and mental bondage atone blow; and how did they succeed ; It is now generally admitted that Freedom was, at no former period, in such a miserable plight,--that life and liberty were never held by so precarious a tenure, as under the re- forming rule of these democratic ruffians, And yet the French people gloried in their New institution: while blood was flowing in their streets like water; when the best heads in France were being converted into foot- balls' for the rabble, and when the very names of virtue and science were in danger of perishing from their midst, they were making super-human efforts to disseminate their views of liberty among all surrounding nations. If any one had dared to tell the French people at that time that they were acting in opposition to the plain rules of humanity and common sense, the least pe- nalty which such an individual could expect, would be, to expiate his offence on the follow- ing morning at the Place de Greve. Nor was this all: even those who betrayed the slightest emotion on witnessing the mangled remains of departed friends were almost certain to- be offered up as victims at the same shrine. _ How characteristic of a bar- barous people ! But the French are not the only people who have exhibited a striking contrast be- tween profession and practice. The word "Liberty" has been echoed and re-echoed on this continent until the name stinks in - in the nostrils of the civilized world, And why? Because neither the substance nor the shadow of liberty has an existence among the people who so loudly proclaim its, pre- sence! Their liberty is confined to a particular class, and of this description of liberty the most despotic nations can boast. The osten- tatious display in which the Americans have hitherto indulged in regard to their free in- stitutions, has provoked investigation from those who have been sneered at for living under tyrannical governments, and the re- sult has proyed that America, with all its boasting, has been found wanting, The French, in their zeal for liberty, filled avery prison in France, and then killed the victims to make room for more. The liberty- loving men of the United States hold three millions of people in perpetual bondage, and, Were it not that their services are valuable, they would be condemned to banishment or death; as matters now stand, the tyrant faction wages war to the knife on all who attempt the achievement of their freedom. The French punished those who showed sym- pathy for the victims of their free institu- tions. In America, the punishment for aiding a man to recoyer his rights--rights which have been set at naught by republi- cans who are forever speaking of the inalien- abl rights of man--is fine and imprisonment, and occasionally an indictment for high trea- son. In certain portions of this free country a man dare not lift up his voice against the deformities existing in its institutions, with- out summary punishment awaiting him ; the preliminaries of courts of law are set aside, and. his doom is Xpeedily determined by the '| most popular court---Judge Lynch presiding. A man may not eyen dispose of his own pro- perty, if such disposal has for its object the restoration of liberty to a human being. A few days ago, a luckless individual (a Virgi- nian slayehdolder) who had expressed his in- tention of settling his slaves as their own masters, was tied naked to a tree and flogged until his sufferings compelled him to consent to sell out and quit the locality. Surely this is liberty! and the actors in this scene, and those who approve of it, will consider themselves justified in rushing, with outstretched arms, to embrace Kossuth, --will dance with frantic delight at the escape of an Irish patriot from British des- potism, and heap exeerations on that Goyern- ment for its énslayement of a people, who are, in reality, their own destroyers--the vie- tims of a debasing superstition. - Second Annual Report of the Elgin Association. It becomes our duty to lay before the Stockholders of the Elgin Association the annual report of the Institution, More than one year has now elapsed since the Society was formed; and during that time hothing has occured to mat the harmony of its pro- ceedings. Our course has been onward, and we have good reason to thank God for the measure of success which hasalready attended our efforts, Although we haye attracted but little ofpublic notice, yet the Society has been endeavouring silently to mature the plan of operation for future usefulness. The object contemplated by the Associa- tion, is the social and moral improyement of the colored people in the proyinee. In order to carry out that object, it was deemed ne- cessary to provide them with a home, and their 'children with a christian educa- tion. ' To make the experiment, about nine thou- sand acres of land were selected in the town- ship of Raleigh, in the western part of the Province; and on the 22nd of October, 1849, 4,300 acres of this block were secured from Government by paying the first instalment. It was ordered to be divided into lots of fifty aeres each, and sold to actual colored settlers of approved moral character, at two dollars and fifty cents per acre, The first instalment to be paid in hand, and the balance in nine equal annual instalments with interest. This was considered as low as it could be sold to refund the stockholders for the money which they adyanced to purchase the land, and to defray the expense of working the Associa- tion. Since the last annual report 2,500 acres more haye been purchased by the As- sociation, and it is now dividing into farms of fifty acres each, and open to actual settlers. On the 3rd of December, 1849, the first settler entered upon the land. Since that time a few families have been dropping in every month. until at, present there are forty- five actual settlers, (who have taken up 2,500 acres,) upon the land: about ten or twelye more are making arrangements to come on this fall.' Besides these ave twelve families that have purchased improved farms adjoin- ing the block. It is confidently expected that on the Ist of December next, there will be upwards of 70 families in the settle- ment. The families appear to be moral and in- dustrious, Those who entered 12 months ago, haye already made considerable im- provements. Onthe Ist of August, there were 230 acres of cleared land, 194 of which were in corn and other grain crops, 24 in wheat, and 12 in tobacco, Of these crops we will let the settlers speak for themselves in a subsequent part of the report. The land is so laid out that a road runs past each man's lot intersecting the side lines and centre road at right angles. The houses are built uniform, after the model adopted by the improvement com- mittee. They are built of round logs, 18 by 24, feet, 12 feet high, and set 33 feet from the road, with the garden and front of the house enclosed with a picket fence. : When the roads are opened up, it will give a neat and uniform appearance to the whole settlement, Thirty houses are already | built after the model, and some considerably better. It is expected that all the rest will be put up in a few months. It is encouraging to the friends who have engaged in this noble enterprize to learn that all the families are cheerful and happy, and that a wholesome spirit of industry pervades the whole settlement. Some came in fugitives last November, without means, who have already earned enough to enter fifty acres, by paying the first instalment; and we have no doubt they will pay the balance asit falls due. In connection with this report, the Treasu- rer will submit a statement of the affairs of the Association since its commencement. It has been managed on the most economical | principles, the President, Viee Presidents, Treasurer, and the Rey. Mr. King, giving their services to the Association, grads. We give the following extracts from an address sent by the settlers to the President and Directors of the Elgin Association. It will show their opinion of the location and the ¢apabilities of the soil :-- "Tn order to correct certain falsehoods and misrépresentations concerning the colored settlement at Raleigh that have been indus- triously circulated by the enemies ofthe social improvement of the colored people im the Provinee, we consider it a duty which we owe both to-you, and tothe public, to correct these by a statement of facts, Twelve months' experience have enabled us in some measure to judge of the location, its soil, climate, and productions. The soil varies from a stiff clay to a sandy loam; and on the south side of the block, were theland is very level, it inclines to a black vegétable mould. [t produces wheat, Indian corn, potatoes, 'oats, tobaceo, and hemp, It is better adapted to the growth of wheat than any other grain. Although the)land isnew, and we could get but little cleared for wheat last fall, yet the sample produced is excellent, the grain is full and plump, and weiehs sixty- two pounds to the bushel. The tobacco is said, by those who have raised and manufac- tured the article in the States, to be equal to the best leaf raised in Virginia. The climate is mild and healthy, and is free from those foos that usually prevail on the lake shore'and the river. beth Peaches, sweet potatoes, and every kind of melon, grow well.in the open air; the snow is seldom more than six inches deep, and lies but a few weeks at a time. : There is scarcely a day during the winter that a man cannot work at clearing. It often happens during the thaws, which are frequent in winter, that we have very mild weather. The spring commencesin April, Thesummer is warm; and we have seldom any white frost till the first of October, and winter does not set in till the middle of December. We have had but little sickness, and the general health has been good. After one years' trial we are highly pleased with the location, and would not change it for any other in the Province. We avail ourselves of the present oppor- tunity to express our grateful thanks to the members of the Hlgin Association for the interest they havefelt in our social and moral improvement; and hope with the blessing of God on our industry, to show to our enemies that when placed in favorable circumstances we are able and willing to support our- selves." In order that education might advance with the settlement, a school was gpened twelve months ago, and.is now in successful operation ; the number enrolled is nearly sixty, and the average attendance about forty; a number of these are white, who, have attended regularly since the school was opened. There are some of the African youth of promising talents. In reviewing our labors since the com- mencement of the Association we would de- voutly return thanks to God for the measure of suecess which has already attended our efforts, Encouraged by the past we would look to God for his blessing upon our future labors without which asolemn mockery awaits all our efforts. We haye every reason to believe, that be- fore the ten years shall expire, that the whole money advanced by the stockholders of this association, will be refunded back, and the land all paid for by the settlers, Canapa Rarroav.--The citizens of To- ronto are in favor of appropriating $400,000 towsrd the construction of the Guelph and Toronto Railroad. Tue Rusu oF IniGRANTs.--Six thousand and eighteen immigrants arrived at New- York during the week ending the 7th, Cuma.--A_ dreadful conflagration had taken place among the Chinese shipping in the River Kiang, on the Ist January.. The number of craft destroyed is estimated by some at 30,000; and more than 70,000 dead bodies have been taken from the niver. The details are horrible beyond descrip- tion. The Last Days of Slavery. "The London Times, a paper circulated all over the world, predicts the sure extine- tion of American slavery in the course of one or two generations at farthest, from. the ordinary. progress of human attairs, 'Lhe successful culttre of cotton in Africa, India, and New Holland, and the recent discovery of a scientific method to convert flax into the most beautiful, enduring fabrics, and yet cheaper than cotion wouldalone be suflicient to extinguish'slavery without legislative action or moral influence. Cotton 'vives life to slavery, because the production is profitable ; When the culture becomes unproductive, as it soon must for the reason stated, then the very selfishness of of slave owners, if no better principle, will impel them to run from. their slaves rather than their slayes. from them. In the mean time as the pressure comes on, they will be preparing to meet the exizency by colonization, by the introduction of dit ferent articles of culture and forms of labor, and by emancipation of the slaves and con- verting them into freé laborers upon their farms and plantations, which can be profitable only under such cultivation. Slavery is but a question of time, It is scarcely possible to conceive that.a hundred years hence there will not be one slave in, the United. States, not to say In the whole continent of America, The slave, owner sees the ramparts, rising, the trenches opened, the communieation es- tablished, and the blockade closing round them, that is one day to reduce them to un- conditional strrender. We doubt not for an instant that our children or children's chil- dren will see the chains drop, in one 'hour from the limbs of three million slaves, The fugitive bill is only a last leoislative effort against that which is more powerful than legislature--the progress of human affairs. Every acre added to the territory ofthe Union every freé born child added to its population, and every emigrant that lands on its shores, is another weight to the scale, of abolition, Then why, except beeause they are demented and doomed, do the slaye owners take no steps whatever to prepare forthe great day of reckoning? Why do they assume the per- petual stability of an institution at yarianct with the whole tenor and course of modern civilization? We do not hesitate to advise them to set their house inorder, If it is harderto doso now than it was seventy years back, instead of being easier, as. the great statesmen of thatday hoped and expeeted-- if time has hitherto agovavated rather than removed the enormous difficultiés of the question, what will be the case thirty years hence, when perhaps there must and will be abolition without either the slaye or his mas- ter being prepared for the change? The choice lies between gradual and sudden abo- lition, and it is forthe slave Statesthemselyes to choose which of these two they will haye-- for one they must." . Arrests for Treason. Syracuse, Oct. 15. The following are the names of four of the six (our Auburn dispatch says twenty), per- sons arrested here to-day for treason, and removed to Auburn for examination: Ira H. Cobb, Moses Summers, Stephen Porter and James Davis. The other two were colored men, Whose names we could not ascertain. TWENTY PROMINENT CITIZENS IN CUSTODY. Auburn, Oct. 15. Some tiventy prominent citizens of Syra- cuse were brought into this city to-day, in the custody of John J. Bush, U. S. Marshal. They are charged with treason in connexion with the rescue of the fugitive Jerry, and were carried before Judge Concklin for ex- amination. District Attorney J. B. Lawrence appeared for the people, and D, D. Hillis for the defendants. 'The examination was adjourned until to-morrow morning, and bai of $2,000 required for each of the prisoners for his appearance, There is: great excite- ment here im consequence. Procressor ran Man Hunr--tThe slaye- holders, encouraged by their success in kid- napping blacks, are very properly turning" their attention to the whites. They have recently lynched and ordered out of the country several citizens of the slave States, because they were not believers in the divine institution of slavery. By the following telegraphic dispateh from Norfolk, Va., Oct. 2d. it will be seen they have begun' to offer rewards for the apprehension of aboli- tionists. "A reward of $1,000 has been offered by the citizens of Grayson county, Va. for the arrest of Bacon, the abolitionist, --from Ohio." Our neighbors of the Free Press are ex- pected to write homilies. on the blessedness of this movement to save the Union, and to offer their servicesto the Grayson folks to help kidnap Bacon.-- Detroit Tribune. The frigate Mississippi left Marseilles, af- ter procuring a supply of coal and provisions. None of her passengers landed. She has 57 Hungarian Refugees on board. The Boston Tragedy. We abridge the following particulars from The Boston Journal (TAAB It appears that some few months since Elizabeth A. V. Davis, a sister of Thomas Davis, married Mr. Jas. D.L. Van Wagner, in opposition to the wishes of her brother, who has been absent in California and re- turned home last Spring. 'Since his 'return he, together with, bis three clrildren, (he being: a widower) has lived, with Mr. Van Wagner and his wife, both of whom. bear the reputa- tion of being very respectable people. Dayis has frequently been known to beat and abuse his sister, Mrs. Van Wagner, in aamost. out- rageous manner, for the reason, as is sup- posed, that she married against his wishes. Yesterday, the family dined together, as usual, and after dimer, Davis left the house. About 4 o'clock in the afternoon, Davis ré-' turned to his house and inquired of one of his children where his sister was. "The chil- dren replied that she was'up stairs, immedi- ately upon which Davis went up stairs. He yery soon returned and went ,to the sink, where he washed his hands and then went out into the street. . He had been gone but a few minutes when one of his own children who had been up stairs, came running down into the sitting-room, exclaiming, " Aunty's dead--Aunty's dead!" The Screams of the children were heard by Mr. Barker, a neigh- bor, who immediately entered the house, and upon going up stairs found Mrs, Van Wagner lying dead upon the floor, with her throat cut ina most Sygeking manner, the windpipé being entirely sévered. A razor covered with. blood was found near her, and drops of blood. were found on the stairs, as well as spots. of , blood on the ceiling at the side of the stair- way, apparently made by bloody fingers. The intelligence soon spread and caused an- intense excitement in the vicinity. Dr_S. C. Ayer was called but life was extinct, © Coroner Pratt was soon at the house, and shortly after his arrival Davis came inj ard' upon' learning the abovel' cireumstances; officer Tarleton took him into eustedy upon suspicion of his being the perpetrator of the foul Cleed, and committed him to the lock-up. He was subsequently searched, and spots.of blood found upon the wristbands of, his shiit-- Detroit Tribune. : ut bat. £e Axrican Mrrnop or .Carontne Lions: --M. Lemue, who formerly resided at: Me+) tito, and is familiar with the Kalliharri coun- try, assured me that the remarkable accounts sometimes circulated as to the people of that, part of Africa catching lions by the tail, and , of which, I confess, I was very incredulous, were perfectly true, He well knows that the method prevailed, and was certainly 'not uncommon among the people. Lions would sometimes become extremely dangerous! Having become accustomed to human flesh, they would' not willingly eat anything élse, when a neighborhood became infested, the: men would determme on the measures to be adopted to rid themselves of the nuisance; then forming themselyes into a band, they: would proceed in search of their royal jfoe, and beard the lion in his lair, Standing close by one another, the lion would make a spring on sonte one of the party---eyery man, of course, hoping he might escape the attack--when instantly others would dash forward and seize his tail, lifting it up close to'the body with all their might; thus! not only astonishing the animal, and' absohitely taking him off his guardy but' rendering* his: efforts powerless for the moment; while others. closed in with their spears; 'and: at once stabbed the monster. through -.and through-- fer. J. J. Hreeman's. Tour in South Africa, oe SLervine, Frowers.--Almost all flowers sleep during the night. to bed with the sun, and with him, mses weeping. Many plants are so sensitive tee their leaves close during the passage. of a, cloud. The dandelion opens at five or six in the morning, and shuts at nine in the evening, "The "goat beard" wakes at' three in the morning, and shuts at five or' six'in theafternoon. The common daisy shuts up its blossom in the evening, andopensitsday's eye" to meet the early beams of the moini sun. 'The crocus, tulip, and many. others, close their blossoms at different hours.towards evening. The ivy-leaved lettuce opens) at eight in the morning, and closes forever at four in the afternoon. The night-flowering cereus turms night into day. It begins to expand ils magnificentsweet-scénted blassoms in the twilight, it is full blown at midnight, and closes never to open again at the dawn of day. In a clover-field not a leaf opens until after sunrise! So. says a celebrated English author, who has devoted much time to the study of plants, and often watched them during their quiet, slumbers. . those plants which seem to be ayrake all night he styles "the bats and owls of the vegetable kingdom." \ Philosophera say that shutting the eyes makes the sense of hearing more acute, A wag suggests that this accounts for many closed eyes whieh are seen in our 'churches every Sunday. , The marygold goes / ¥