| - Ai ; uring VOLUME IIL} 'PROSPECTUS OF THE PROVINCIAL FREEMAN And Weekly Advertiser. Mary A. S. CARY, H, F.. DOUGLASS, Editors. I. D. SHADD, ; _ The Provincial Freeman will be devoted to nti- Slavery, Emigration, Temperance and General Literature. It will opeu its columns to the views ef men of different political opinions, reserving theright,as an independent Journal, of .n 1 ex. pression on all questions or projects affecting the people in a political way; andreserving, also. the right to express emphatic condemnation o. all projects, having for their object ina great o1 remote degree, the subversion of the principles of the British Constitution, or of British rule in he Provinces. Not committed to the views of any religious sect exclusively, it will carefully observe the tights of every sect, at the same tiie that a reser- vation shall be made in favor of an existing dif- ference of opinion, as to the views or actions o! he Sects respectively. _ As an advartising medium, as a vehicle of ins formation on Agricultare,--and as an enemy: to vice in any and every conceivable form, and a eremoter of seat morals, it shall be made worthy ut the patiouage of the public. Aub Lerters, to receive attention whether for publicativs er on Business, must be addressed, ost-pare, {. D. Suapo, Chatham, C. W, THE PROVINCIAL FREEMAN And Weekly Advertiser, {1S PUBLISHED EVZRY SATURDAY MORNING. AT THE OFFICE OF THE PAPER, King St West, Opposite the Market. CHATHAM, C. W Peruse: ON; DOLLAR AND A HALF, INVARIABLY IN ADVANGE, bd ssexsc, Rares ov ADVERTIBING, -- ; BD. ix taten lines, fist insertion, - - -3 4 Rach subsequent insertion, See ea Over ten lines, first iusertion, per line - 0 4 igSach subsequent insertion, per line, +0 1 A discount allgwed When advettisoments re continued! aver three utduths, ce Merchants, and others, contratting for pace can advertise Gn advantageous terms, te All alvertisepierts, without instruction as be length of time,? Il be f{userted until forbid, gad charged accordingly. PRINTING OFFICE, | King Street West, Opposite the Market, CHATIFAM, C. W. THE PROPRIETORS OF THE PROVINCIAL FREEMAN uld inform their Friends and the Public; that their Office is supplied with all the Requisites for the executign of every descfiption of BOOk & FOR PREWTErG, ANCLUDING : PAMPHLETS, SILL HEARS, | CARDS, CIRCULARS, FUNERAL LEETERS, LABELS i + 3 INVITATION CARDS, STEAMBOAT BILLS, _ STAGE BILLS, CONCERT BILLS, PROGRAMMES, - : fOSTING BILLS, LAW BLANKS, HAND BILLS, BANK CHECQUES, DEEDS. PROMISSORY NOTES, MORTGAGES, MEMORIALS, Mees. SQ EC. And every description ef LEWTER-PRESS PRINTING ta the best and Randsomest style, with accuracy aud despatch. i PRINTING IN COLORS AND BRONZES. AW RESPKECLING NEWSPAPERS Subscribers who de not give express notice tc the contcary, are considered as wishing to con- tinue their subscriptions. {i Subseribers order the discontinuance oi sheir papees, tke publishers may continue to senc them dill all arrears are paid up. if Subscrivers neglect or refuse to take their papers from the office to which they are directeg, they are held responsible till they have settlec their bills, and ordered their papers to be discon- tinued. If Subscribers remove to other places, without forming the Publishers, and the paper is sept © the former direction. they are held responsible. Business Directory. PLINER ASANO AAI STONE & TURNBULL, CHATHAM CLOTHING WALL DIR GOODS, Grocery Establishment, KING STREET, CHATHAM, C. W. September6th, 1855. Clothes Made, Repaired, & Cleaned. W. L. HUMBURT "OULD respectfully announce to the Citi- zens of Windsor, and surrounding coun- try, that he is prepared to MAKE, REPAIR, or CLEAN CLOTHING, at the shortest notice, and in-the most satisfactory manner. Having had ample experience in his line ot business in he Cities of Charleston, S.C., and Boston, Mass., he flattersJhimself that, by diligence and strict attention to business, he will be able to please. Wiadscr, C. W., Sept. 9, 1854. 25 20t- Sem "SELF-RELIANCE IS THE TRUE ROAD TO INDEPENDENCE." CHATHAM, " ie TERMS: } CANADA WEST, SATURDAY, JUNE 20, 1857. = ONE DOLLAR AND A HALF. INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.» 'NUMBER 42. _ GEORGE KERR, HAROSWARE WERCHANT, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL VEALER IN Heavy and Shelf Hardware, CUTLERY, &c., Gc., Pratt's Block, Chatham, C. w. November 22, 1855, ila ae ee ES pt ae pee ee a ee, ANDREW HENDERSON, Auctioneer and Commission Merchant, No. 32, Yonge Srreet, Toronto. References--T homas Clarkson, Esq., President ot the Board of Trade; John Robertson, Esquire, Messrs. A. Ogilvie & Co.; Messrs. Howard & Fitch; Messrs. D. Crawtord & Co. 30-ly CHARLES FLETCHER, BOOKSELLER AND STATIONER, | No. 54, YONGE STREET, TORONTO. British and American Works imported and for sale at the smallest possible advance upon the wholesale prices. CHARLES MARCH, House, Sign, and Ornamental Painter, Grainer, Glazier, and Paper Hanger, CARVER, GILDER AND GLASS STAINER,. No. 29, Kine Streer Wrst. Mixed Paints, Putty, Enamelled and Plain Win dow Glass andLooking Glass, for Saie, ~ at the lowest Cash prices, Torento, 10th April 1854. 4 NOTICE. HE Members of JONES' SAXHORN BAND, are prepared to play for CON- CER'sS, BALLS, CELEBRATIONS, FAIRS, &c.,; on reasonable terms. Jor information apply to. F. ':. JONES, Leader. Chatham, Dec. 26th. 1856. v3-n19 D. FARRAR & Co., : IMPORTERS AND WHOLKBALE DEALERS IN Grocers, Wines, Liquors, §c., No. 15, DUNDAS STREET, LONDON, C. W. Massrs. R. P. & ADAM CROOKS, Barristers-at-Law, ATTORNEYS AND SOLICITORS, WELLINGTON StREET, TORONTO. A. B. JONES, i DEALER IN : Grocers and Crockery Ware, No, 314, DUNDAS STREET, LONDON, C. W, CAYLEY. & CAMERON, Barristers, Fc, ¥c., Ofice+CuHuRCH Street, next door to the Court House TORONTO, WILLIAM CAYLEY, MATTHEW CROOKS CAMERON. VANKOUGHNET & BROTIER, Barristers, Attorneys, §e., Offico--CHURCH STREET, Over " The City Bank" Azeucy, two duo South of St. Audrew's Church, TURONTO. NOTICE. ERSONS afilicted with the FEVER and AGUE or the CHILL FEVER, can be speedily cured by applying bp JOHN HATTON, Shoemaker, Bronte, Township of Trafalgar, Halton County, Canada West, Price ten shil lings currency, JOHN HATTON. Bronte, July 17th, 1856. * MRS. 8. WILKINS, BOARDING IOUS, No. 168, PINE STREET, PHILADELPHIA. November 1855. 3u MEW SPORE IN. THE COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS, SOUTH SIDE OF DUNDAS STREET, OPPOSITE THE MARKET} And lately erected by Messrs. Mvore §> Rolph, WORD OWa PPE SUBSCRIBER would inform his old and numerous Customers and Friends, that he has again OmMeneAh BWustmessy, With a Large and entire New Stock of DRY GOODS & GROCERIES! He thanks them for past favors, and hopes to receive of them and the Public at large, a LIBERAL SHARE OF PATRONAGE. The Subseriber is determined to Sell as Low as possible. A. B. JONES. 36 London, Jan. 7, 1856. NEW CABINET SHOP, ON COLBORNE STREET, Adjoining Charteris § Baxter's Saw Mill. LL kinds of FURNITURE, suchas BED- STEADS, TABLES, CUPBOARDS, STANDS, &c., &c., can be had on the most reasonable terms. CHARLES H. RAMSEY. Chatham, C. W.,Feb. 13th L850. 50-yr MILLER, ORTON & MULLIGAN, Stereotypers, Printers, and Winders, PUBLISHERS & BOOKSELLERS, No. 5, PARK ROW, Opposite Astor House, New York, And 107, Genesee Street, Auburn, N. ¥ C.N. MILLER.--WM. ORTON,--E. MULLIGAN. TRE The virtues of old England | We.ll prove them if we canl And show to all who doubt us what makes the Englishman; What makes us stand the foremost Among the brave and free ! Thus did our sires, in days of old, And so, true hearts will we. NORTH STAR SALOON, _ No. 40, Jefferson Avenue. R. JOHN WILLIAMS has just fitted up his splendid DINING SALOON, where all kinds of Choice Eatables can be had at any hour. Superior drinks always on hand. Friends give a call and full satis- faction will be given. JOHN WILLIAMS. Detroit, Jan. 10th, 1857. v3-n2l-ly ADAMS HOUSE. S NOW OPEN at No. 38 Jefferson Avenue, for the accommodation of Col- ored Visitors to this City. C. W. ELLIS & ADAMS will do all in their power to make Boarders comforta- ble, and give general satisfaction. CG. WE LBIS, Detroit, Jan. 10th, 1857. v3n2l-ly J. R. BROWN, FASHIONABLE BOOT & SHOK MAKER, No. 90, King Street West, TORONTO. Mortimer D. FRENCH, M. D., D. D. §. ire" Office, cor. of Bay & Melinda Sts., 3 CORON O, Ga Wa REFERENCES: BaLTimMore ReF,--Chapin A. Harris. A. M.. M. D., D. D. S., Thomas E. Bond, A. M., M. D., Phillip H. Austin, A.M.M.D..D. D.S., Washington R. Handy. M.D., Pro- fessors Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. Dr. FaescH has the honor of publishing the tollowing recommendation from the Lord Rishop of Toronto, and also of referring to the following gentlemen:-- Toronro, Oct 18th, (856.--"The best recommendation that lean give of Dr. M.D. French Surgeon Dentist, is that he has been employed in this family and given much satisfaction.' JOHN TORONTO. GovernmMeENT Hovse, Toronto, Jan. 15th, 1857.--*Dr. iM 1). French, surgeon Dentist, hes both Extracted and Stop- ped teeth for me, with perfect saccess, and with less'pain to myself than I thought possible.'--A. P. DouGLass, A.D Gc. Rev. Dr. Burns. Rev. A. Fyfe, A. W. Strachan, Faq . Dr. Scott, Dr. F. Badgley, Dr. N. Bethune, Dr. Herrick, Dr. J. Richardson, Dr E. Clarke, Hon, Judge Burns Rev. H J. Grassett, Hon. Judge McLean, Dr. F..A. Cald- well. Office hours from 9 A. M, to 6 Po OM. eS FSRMS CASK. v3-n37-Lly. DINAN NN NS RENARD AAAS 8 NAPE AANA Weer vy, DON sae THE VIRTUES OF OLD ENGLAND. BY C. MACKAY The virtues of old England! We li count them if we can, _ And prove to all who doubt us What makes the Englishman; What makes us stand the foremost Among the brave and free! What did our sires in days of old, And whatin ours will we. From Agincourt and Cressy, To Nile and Jnkerman, We've showed the wondering nations What English valour can, Our toes fiave felt onr courage In every clime and xea ; Our fathers stood like solid oak, And so, to death, will we. In times when evil fortune Assailed our country's cause, Around the throne we rallied, Detenders of ow laws, And the throne ana altar, And home, the sheltering tree; Thus did of old our loyal sires, And so, true hearts, will we. Our ships in every ocean Are messengers of peace; They carry happy tidings; And bidthe world increase. Our truders thrive by honor, Their words and bonds agree ! Our fathers wronght for honest gold, And won it--so- will we. And in all times and places, We cherish woman's worth 3 Through all our isles we own her The love--light of the earth: To youth and age we offer Respect and bended knee, Thus did our sires, and taught their sons And so, true hearts will we. And if we're rich and thriving, We'll keep an open door; If Poor onrselves, the poorer Shall taste our little store. The hospitable wine-cup Shall circle in our glee,-- Our fathers spread the welcome board And so true hearts will we, 3 Jolitical. TION. MR. CAUCHON. The Report of the Commissioner of Crown Lands, lor the year 1856, we regard as one of the most instructive and valuable docu- ments that we remember to have seen issued by the head of a department. Extending over some -three hundred pages, it enters minutely, and with great clearness and abili- ty, into everything connected with the man- agement, &c., of the public domain, with nu- merous excellent suggestions for the future managemedt of the Crown Lands. Mr. Cauchon's very able Repoat is at the present moment of infinite value to Canada. Par- ticularly thus are his remarks upon the "Ot- tawa Country," with is area of 77,000 miles-----"the Huron and Supcrior territory" with an area of 48,000 miles; and not least, by any means, the 'Red River and Saskatchawan country," with its area greater than that of both France and Austria, its immense and fertile prairies, splendid coal fields, large navigable river, and fine climate. As the limits of this article prevent our making even anattempt to do justice to Mr. Cauchon's invaluable report, we shall 1:ecur toit atan early day. In the meantime, we cannot but express our deep regret that through a mistake (for we so regard the the published cause of his resignation,) the country should be deprived of the inestima- ble services of Mr. Cachon, who has proved himself the best department chief that Canada has ever had. With him, in his public capacity, all men, rich and poor, stood upon a perfect equality. By bim the specu- lators, who formerly fattened upon their exactions from the simple, industrious set- tlers, were placed on the same vantage ground that the humbles immigrant occupied. No man, in Mr. Cauchon's day, was aliowed an advantage over the other in the matter of obtaining iuformation trom the Crown Lands' department, whose halls used former- ly to be ehiefly filled with land sharks en gaged in the inspection of field notes and other documents belonging to the depart- ment. Ina word, Mr. Cauchon had just well begun that extensive reform in the mauagement of the Crown Lands which the best interests of Canada had long and truitlessly demanded, when he unwisely ten- deved, his resignation, which was, by his colleagues, as unwisely accepted. It is ar- dently to be desired, by every one anxious for the prosperity of this country, that the unfortunate breach between himself and his colleagues, which led to Mr, Cauchon's re- signation, may be healed up without delay, and that Mr. Cauchon may be recalled to the post which he filled so creditably to him- self and so beneficially to the country.-- Brant. Courver. <2 Oo (<> The Bill to abolish Sunday laber on the Canals, and in the Post Office was dis posed of at all events for this Session. 'Pwo divisions took place, on amendments, which were negatived by a majority respectfully of land2. Onathird by Mr. Ferres, the numbers were equal,and the Speaker kav- ing given his vote in favor of the amendment the Bill accordingly fell to the ground, 'This result will be very unpopular in| Western, and we belive will be equally so with a large number of all religious lines in Eastern Canada. We are not disposed just now to discuss the abstract question involved in the Bil. 'he reasoning of the Speaker for giv- ing his vote in favor of the amendment and agaiust the Bill is instructive, and we gladly quote it:"ife could not-allow that the Legislature had a right to impose upon him, or any other citizen, the necessity of rest- ing ona particular day, for it was not the Legislature but every man's Own conscience which gave him the right to rest on that day." Just so, and we rejoice that sucha recognition of the rights of conscience are thus liouestly put forward, and we hope that in atl cases in our public departments, where these rights to rest on the Christian Sab- bath are advanced, the exemption from labor wil be cheerfully recogn zed --[ Montreal 'Lranscript. flisrellancows. INL Ol Nl a Ot EN Nat NO Nac Nf Nec dl fA GEO MR. JOLIFEE MOBBED IN COVINGTON. Fiom the Cincinnati Gazctte, June Ist. Joun Jourre, Esg., a lawyer of this city, extensively known as the friend and advocate of the slave in cases arising under the "Fugitive law," was on Saturday last mobbed in Covington, and driven out of that town. Mr. and Mrs, Jolliffe had been invited by Rev. Mr. Sage, of Covington, to dine, and Mfs. J. went over in the morning ; between 12 and 1 Mr. Jolliffe started over. On the ferry boat he enquired the way to Mr. Sage's. Proceeding up town, Mr. Jolliffe was ac- costed near the first cross street, above the landing, by name. He extended his hand to the man, saying at the same time, 'I don't recollect you.' The man replied, "My name is Gaines. I ksow you d--d well, you d--d rascal--you d--d_ nigger thief You came over here to steal our niggers." Mr. Jolliffe, thinking this was only the usual Kentucky way, said, good- uaturedly, "Qh, no, I came over here to dine with my friend, the Rev. Mr. Sage.'-- A crowd collected around them, and Gaines thrust his fist against Mr. Jolliffe's breast, and into his face, using violent and insulting language at the same time, evidently with the desizn of provoking Mr. Jolliffe to some show of violence. Mr. Jolliffe, however, walked on, surrounded by the hooting crowd, beyond the Madison House, and f- naily weit into Timberlake's store for pro- teCUlon. Timberlake made some show of dissuad- ing Gaines, and even holding him, but seemed very glad when he got Mr. Jolliffe out into the street again. Gaines then went to the corner of the street and made a proclamation that Jolliffe was @ d--d nig- ger thief, and that all those interested in nigeers had better look out, for he had come over to steal their niggers." 'This brought a sull larger crowd out. Mr. Jolliffe finding it was impossible to proceed to Mr. Sage's turned to the crowd and told them that if they were determined not to permit him to go on, that he would return, and appealed to them for protection to the ferry. This gathering of Kentucky gentlemen (for there was a number of merchants and tes- pectable Jooking men in it, with some row- dies) replied with one voice, "G--d d--n you, you need not appeal to us," and laugh- ed in derision at the idea. Mr. Joliffe was in great danger of be'ng seriously injured by the crowd, when Mr. Warnock an ex-marshall) came up, and, taking Mr. Jolliffe by one arm, guaranteed to see him safely to the boat. | Marshall Lett took the other, aad they walked to- wards the ferry, Gaines and the crowd fol lowing. A large man walking with Gaines cried out, "Get a cowhide and cowhide bin," and Gaines inquired at every house they passed for a cowhide. He finally got a whip and struck Mr. Jolliffe with it over the shoulders, when Marshall Lett turned and arrested Games. A German then came forward to assist in protecting Mr. Juilife, and be arrived safely on the terry boat. On the way down the crowd seemed de- termined on violence, crying out "lynch him," cowhide him," "hang him," and were only deterred by the determined conduct of Mr. Warnock and Marshall Lett. Mr. Warnock deserves great credit for his conduct in this affair. Though differing entirely from Mr. Jolliffe in his views on Slavery, yet he is too high-minded and honorable a gentleman to permit even a political enemy to suffer by mob violence. There is no doubt, from the spirit mani- fested by the mob, that but for the interpo- sition of these men, Mr. Jolliffe would have suffered serious personal injury. Gaines will be tried to-morrow at 10 o'eclock before Mayor Fol: y. who we under- derstand has expressed a determination to put a stop to such scenery. This Gaines be came notorious as the master of Margaret, the negro woman, who murdered her little virl rather than see her returned to slavery We presume he will receive but little sym pathy in Covington, for he is regarded with yreat contempt by all honorable Kentucki- for his conduct in taking Margare! away secretly from Frankfort and. selling her down South when he promised t.e Governor of that State to keep her to await a requisition from Governor Chase ; not only breaking his own word (which was nothing.) but also causing the Governor of Kentucky to break his, and thus bringing disgrace upon the State. FACTS ABOUL THE ITUMAN BODY. ans There are 208 bones in the human body, ex- clusive of theteeth. 'These bones are com- posed of animal and ethereal substance, the forms preponderatiny ta youth, and later in oldage rendering the bones brittle. 'The most important of the bones isthe spine, which is composed of twenty four small bones called the vertebrae, one on the top of the other, cu- riously hooked together, anil fastened by elastic ligaments, forming a pillar, so to speak, by which the human frame ts supported. 'Lhere are two sets of muscles, one to draw the bone one way, and the other to draw it back again. We cannot better describe the muscles than by comparing them to fine elas- tic threads, bound up in their case of skin. Many muscles, terminating in tendons, which are stout cords suchas may be seen traversine the back of the hand, just within the the skin; and which can be observed to move when the hand is open or shut. livery notion made memes, | even the involustary one of breathing, is per,- forced through the agency of the muscles. blood, each quart weighing about two pounds This blood 1s of two kinds, the arterial and veinous, 'The first is the pure blood as it leaves the heart to nourish the frame, and is ofa bright vermillion colour. The last is the blood as it returns to the heart, loaded withthe impurities of the body, to be refined, and is of a purple hue Every pulsation of the heart sends out about two ounces of arte- rial blood, and as there are from seventy to eighty beats in a minute, a hogshead of blood passes through the beart every hour. In fevers motion is accelerated, the waste goes on faster than it can be recuperated, and consequently death eusues if the fever is not checked. 'She stomach, is the boiler, if we use such an expression, which drives the human en- gine. Two sets of muscles crossing each oth- er traversely, turn the food over and over, churning it up in the gastric juice till it has paste. 'This process requires from two to four hours. Iumerging from the stomach, the foed enters the small intestine, where it is mixed with bile aud pancretic jnice and con- verted into chyle. These smail intestines are twenty-four feet Jovy, closely pucked of course, and surrounded through the whole length with sinall tubes which aet like suck- a large tube, named chroaic duct, whieh ruos up the back, and discharges its con- tents into the jugular vein, whence it passes into tbe the heart, to assist in forming arte- rial blood. the o en air by the wind pipe, which branch- es out into inuumerab!e small tubes all over the inside of the lungs, each tube terminat- ing in a minute air cell. of these air cells is full of capillaries, or in- finite small veins, a membrane only dividing the air from the blood. The impure por- tion of veinous blood is carbonic acid, which, having a stronger affinity for air than for blood, passes through this membrane in. a gaseous state, combines with the air in the air cell, and is expelled with the next respi- ration. Meantime the oxygen of the air unites with the blood and becomes purified, then passing into the heart, being mixed with chyle, it is forced through the body as lite giving and arterial blood, pen describe, would be an impossibility. STATISTIC, The Leader of 31st ult., informs us that there were 9,391,531 barrels of flour export ed from this Province in 1856, against 6,- 413,428 barrels in the previous year--show= barrels; and further, that in the. matter of wheat, itis ustimated that the produce in 1856 amounted to 26,555,684 bushels, of 60 lbs. per bushel; while the crop of [851 was estimated at 16,155,956 bushels-- showing an increase in five years of 10,399,- 783 bushels. Now as, according ta the usual estimate of five bushels of wheat per barrel of flour would require 46,957,655. bushels of wheat to make it, we should like to be further instructed by the Leader by what ingenious , .ucess that large quantity of flour could be manufactered out of 26,555,- 684 bushels of wheat, given as as the crop ui L856 and what the natives managed to svosibt npon after exporting nearly twiee te quantity of four that their whole erap of wheat would make. We presume the. expurts, or at least all beyond! some three or. four millions of barrels, must have gone cneitlp by way of tng Sau/! Ste Adurtwe Ca- wil, the Liader's lately uwly disc were d voute for the produce of "Chicago to the ISastern Markets.-- Colo? st. A Bwavrirut Sextiment.--The follo™- ing beantifal sentiment deserves to be writ- teu in ivders of gold and perpetuated for. ever : : "The foundation of domestic happiness is faith In dation of all political happiness is conficence in the Integrity of man; and. the feundas tion of all happiness, temporal and eternal --reliance on the goodness of God." PEOPLE WHO ARS nEVER Pitiep.--We have no syinpathy for a railway speculator, who is reduced to his last shilling. None for an ill-tempered man with the twothache, None for a stout man running after his hat. None fora dandy splashed by a mud-eart None for a man who loses his umbrella, ES OS (<= There were, on the first day of June. masses of frozen spray and snow, 50 feet in solid thickness. under the American side of the Falis at Niagara. A heavy rock thrown upon them makes no more impression than upon hard ice - oa : The Devil jamp'p up in a rage, And set these lines to fill out the page. been rc'luced to the consistency of thin~ ers, and drawing off the chyle, etnpty it intos. from barbarity which, for eye to depict or ing an increased export in 1856 of 2978103. the virtue of women; the foun-_ In adults there are about fifteen quarts of - The lungs are two bags connected with The other surface