PB LPP PAP OY, Se ar a? & watt nal Gg il ag Giaes< wacmess: Bek ot « eer ae: inion Swit leete bas ae isin swicat adi begrore a : VOLUME Ih} "DEVOTED 10 ANTE-SLAVERY, EMIGRAT ""gpER RELIANCE I§ THE TRUE ROAD TO. INDEPENDENCE.' "TORONTO, CANADA WEST, SATURDAY, MARCH 17, 1855. Pane /PROSPECTUS Se OF TRE 'PROVINCIAL FREEMAN _ ___ And Weekly Advertiser. . The Provincial. Freeman will be devoted to Anti- Slavery, Emigration, Temperance and General Literature. The organ of no particular Political Party, it will open its columns to the views,of men ot different political opinions, reserving the right, as an independent Journal; of full expression on all questions or projects affecting the people in a political way; and reserving, also, the right to ex- press emphatic condemnation of all projects, hav- ing for their object ina great or remote degree, the subversion of 'the principles of the British Constitution, or'ef British rule in the Provinces. 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TANKOUGHNET & BROTHER ARRISTERS, Atntoreys, &¢. &c.--Office in Church 'Street, over " The City Bank" Agency, two doors south of St. Andrew's Church. " -OHARLES FLETCHER, BOOKSELLER anv STATIONER, No, 54, Yonce Srreer, : TORONTO. British and American Works imported and for pale at the smallest possible advance upon the wholesale prices. CHARLES MARCH, _ rOUSE Sign and Ornamental "Paints, Putt w G _ pete Wines: or Sale at the lowest Cash prices. - No. 29, King Street West. Toronto, 10th April, 1854, _ ie Gamer PUNCTUALITY ! 1 devig dew Re AB ROWN, ae - Late of Philadelphia, TONABLE Bainter Py earns Glazier d Paper Hanger, Carver, Gilder an ags Stainer. and. Pape ty Enamelled.and Plain Window Giass BOOT AND SHOE Manes? No. 68 ciples, | Poetry. A PPRLAD ADDI ae me Vinee From the Vermont Tribune. 'SPIRIT OF FREEDOM. I come; on the breath of morning T: haste, From the dewy mead and the desert waste, From the tiny flower that wakes at morn;. On the zephyr's wings [ am gently borne, From the voice.of the carolling bird I come, in the breast of each freeman I make my home From the verdant fields, the bleating flocks, The valé, the hills, and the craggy rocks, From the towering pine that cradles the wind, The thick-woven forest that shelters the hind ; From the lofty Green MountainsI come, I come. In the breast of each freeman I make my home. I come from the rill, the river, the main, In the cataract flow I'm re-echoed again ; I come in the voice of the tempest dark, I come in the lightning's vived spark; ° On the wings of the fleeting winds I come, In the breast of each freeman I make my home. I come in the Pilgrim's voice once more, In the waves that lash Plymouth's rock-bound shore ; T come from the fields with the battle made red, I come from the grave ot the veteran dead ; From Vernon's Mount with tears I'tome ; In the breast of each freeman J crave a home. Yea I come from the isles of the fathomless sea, [ come on the winds so tameless and free, I come from the hand that created the sod, I come at the gloricus mandate of God, From the mighty God, in his voice I come, In 'the breast of each freeman I make my home. He that created from darkness the light, Created and holds me in the power of his might; No tyrant can tame me; might fetter as soon The whirlwind wild, or hot simoon ! | In the power of his might I come, I come,. Till creation is mine, my limitless home. PUSH ON. Push on! You're rusting while you stand ; Inaction will not do; : Take life's small bundle in your hand, , And trudge it briskly through. Don't blush because you have a In honest labor won ; cae There's many a small cot roofed with thateh Is happier than a throne. \ patch Literature. eee NAAN THE CITY OF ROME. viour can stir the heart like Rome. A man may prefer to live in Paris or at his own home for years and years, but, for that deep moving of the feelings, that crowding thick and fast of the memories of the past, that overwhelming press of emotion which is ex- cited at every step, and which actually be- wilder the beholder by their number, their magnitude, and their importance, there is no spot at all comparable to Rome. I do not hesitate to affirm that three weeks there are worth more than any other period of the'same duration of a litetime. Hach object-is wor- 'thy of a pilgrimage, and compensates for all the toil of long journeys by sea and land. The locality itself, the sacred precincts with not a stone standing, so throngs with the souveniers of the mighty past, is so potent in invoking the spirit and the recollection of other days, and of a great people, that with- out the Pantheon, without the Coliseum or the Forum, there were enough, not merely to satisfy, but to overwhelm the spectator. He that has enjoyed the privilege of standing upon the soil amid the half-buried relics of the" Lone Mother of Dead Empires," should never be allowed to let fall from his lips a word of complaint in after life. He has al- ready exhausted all the impressions which objects of this nature can produce, Hevhas had his triumph, and he need not again go elsewhere in quest of that delicious excite- ment which is evoked by the associations which the history of other ages and nations give rise to. There he reveals in antiquity ; the finest specimens which lay upon the sur- face of the globe are there collected for him within those hallowed walls, and in one mo- ment he can imbibe the concentrated aroma of two thousand years of time--twenty cen- turies, during the lapse of which a magnifi- cent empire and a marvelous people sprang into life, flourished, and faded away. In this time, too, no other nation ever expanded so large--made such astonishing progress, or left such traces of their grandeur or their civilization. I-stand to-day in the Capital, in the centre of this old power which stretches its arms out to the embrace of half the known earth, and from which, as from some great heart, it sent out life and nourishment to re- motest distances. Into this little area on the banks of a muddy river, surrounded on all sides by a flat and sterile plain, passed the great articles of trade, and poured all the wealth of a hundred empires; and from it is- sued the spirit and the influence which com- manded and enforced tribute, and gave do- minion over mere numbers or brute force. Here resided the mind and the science di- recting the wealth which subjected and guid- ed every thing exterior to it. The moral and physical, supplied by knowledge and edu- cation and concentrated here, made up in reality the elements from which Rome drew her resources, and these in her hand gave easy mastery over untrained and less culti- vated antagonists. With these she spread and fired an electric chain which comprised the known earth in its circuit, and which ramifying in every direction, the most dis- tant dependancy--the peasant of the Cau- casus,as wellas the savage of Great Britain-- felt its life-giving impulse, and a disturbance atthe Capital shocked the entire fabric and | its fibres ceased to throb and quiver only as they lost themselves in those far-off regions to which the foot of the Roman had never penetrated. Z But amid these ruins and during this pe- -riod so rich in instruction, so fertile in great | _- No city, no spot indeed on the surface of the earth, if it be not the tomb of our Sa- events, which left ineflaceable footprints, and which continue even now to impress and modify the character. of the nations of to-day with scarce less power than they acted upon those contemporaneous with them, there ex- isted something more than arts and arms, 'Then and here sprang also into life.and was matured, that language; learning, and litera- ture which, born: of a Grecian mother, was nourished 'on: this fresh and virgin soil and in this genial clime. -- With-such harbingers. to its birth---amongst a people acting great events--fed by a Mythology imaginative and romantic in the extreme--is it. wonderful that in Poetry and Eloquence, in breathing Statuary and in harmonious forms, they searce find an equal and none surpass them ; that the classics which the genius of this people here produce twenty centuries since, the marbles the chiseled, and the 'structures they. reared, have only been approached by that which imitating ten centuries later of their disinterred relics gave rise to? And how, when eighteen hundred years have rol- led by, the eyes must still be directed to- wards Rome, and the feet must pass over the Campagna in quest of the master-pieces either of ancient or modern times. There stilllives and reigns there now as then supremely, the same potent influence which confers power to create things excellent above all others of their kind. Rome has that spetl of en- chantment which raises often even her hum- blest denizen to the conception of her great- ness, and to the appreciation of her wonder- ous marvels. Whether it be the memory of her heroic acts, the constant mementoes of her memorable deeds, the deep blue of her sky, the splendor of her sunsets, the influences of her delicious climate, one finds in her limits and breathes in the atmosphere which sur- rounds her, an inspiration not elsewhere felt, and St. Peters, the " Last Judgement," Raphael, Michael Angelo, the painters and architects, and the three great epics of mo- dern times, prove that in Italy alone reside those influences which nourish their authors equally new as she nourished once Cicero, Horace, Virgil, and her countless lines of worthies, whether in poetry and song, in phil- osophy, eloquence, or many of those high see which constitutes the greatness of a people. From the American Phrenological Journal. HINTS TO EMIGRANTS. te A Letter to Working People who Propose : Going West. Sa BY A CO-WORKER. PART FIRST. Reapur--Having acquired considerable experience in Western life, during a resi- dence of nearly twenty years in Illinois, Missouri, and Iowa, and observing that emi- gration for these and other Western States and: Territories is receiving a new impulse, I have thought best to address this epistle to my fellow-workingmen, in the hope of ren- dering some slight service to such of them as are about settling in these vast agricul- tural regions. You need not expect a geopraphical or geological description of the great West, as I am not competent to such an undertaking, and I presume you do not wish for it, and would not be so. well pleased as you will with what I shall write. I am often asked for the best. place to go to, or settle in, in the West. There is no best place; so you might as well make up your mind where you will stop before you start, if your object is to settle down at once, and there commence the foundation of your future home. ' Isaid there isno best place; simply be- cause, taking townships, counties, States, and, for aught I know, Territories, and. there is but little to choose between them. The whole Westis, as it were, a vast garden, with scarcely any waste land, with so little va- riety in scenery, soil and productions as to render it rather tame and monotonous. This, I think, is the general rule, though there are exceptions. There are places, too, which I should prefer above some others, but what would be my choice might not be the choice of the majority; still, we should doubtless think alike upon some points: for instance, none of us would choose or prefer a situation where mosqni- toes and ague prevailed. And if one builds in the high open prairie, with no fields, low trees, or much shrubbery close to their dwelling, so as to impede the free circula- tion of the air, the prospect for health and freedom from mosquitoes is better than many places in the older States. But to say that you are not rather more liable to bilious attacks on that rich alluvial soil, than you would be in a mountainous, 'sterile country, is contrary to my experience. But with the precaution that I have and may sug- gest, your prospect for health, on the whole, taking all diseases, is just about as good as in the more eastern States, with this ex- ception, perhaps--I think a majority of per- sons would enjoy better health by remaining near their native place. The climate, soil and productions of one's native country are' more in harmony with their organizations than a foreign and dissimilar one can be. This is natural. If one is more liable to bilious complaints West, I think they are compensated somewhat by being less liable to cattarrh and pulmonary affections. Colds are not as common, and are not prolonged asin the Eastern States, but they are equally as severe while they last, and not unfrequently terminate fatally, in fever or pneumonia. Long, drizzling rain-storms are not com- mon, as, usually, when it rains it comes in showers, and they are generally accompani- ed with thunder and lightning, not: unfres quently of the most terrifie kind; especially in the rainy season, which usually com- mences:in May and ends in June, and in which more rain usually falls than in the rest of the year. So the farmer should have his corn planted the first of May, 80 that it may get up and have one ploughing before the. rainy season sets in, which Is generally near the middle of the month. Though this is by no means a uniform des- cription of the weather, 'still, I have ob- served it to be a very Safé ale in planting. I might as well make some further re- marks here, not only on corn-raising but all or yarious other productions. In raising corn, plant it as close as you ean; if culti- vated with horse and plough, do not have the hills more than three and a. half feet apart---less, if possible; put plenty of seed in the hill, but thin out so as to leave but two or three stalks to the hill, and see that every hill has its complement, because you will have to plough all alike, even if one- half of your hills or stalks are missing; and where you do not raise a crop of grain, Na- ture will raise a crop of weeds. She seems to be opposed to nakedness, and determi- ned to clothe the earth with something. Therefore, whatever you plant, be it corn, vines, or any thing else, plant close, so that when up the earth will soon be shaded: then nature seems satisfied, weeds will not grow, and if your plants are too thick, you can easily thin out, which, if you expect a crop, must be done judiciously and thoroughly, as they grow. Beginners often Lmiss on this point; when plants are young and growing finely, five or six in a hill, look- ing so fresh and vigorous, it does seem al- most wasteful to pull out half or more; but spare them not, if you want good corn, melons, beets, &e. In going toa new country, take no nice articles of furniture; crockery, or glass kind. Fine clothing, jewellery, musical instru- ments, and what silver-ware you can aflcrd, you might as well have them there as else- where; if they give you pleasure here, I am sure they would there; but take nothing that is easily broken, or requires tight dry rooms to preserve it in, for it will cause you more trouble than pleasure, asthe care of it is so great. Take plenty of the common dry goods-- blankets, sheetings, shirtings, and goods for common clothing, and such tools of a good quality as you may have on hand, or can get very cheap; for you can get all such things as tools and hardware, stoves and farming implements, as cheap on the Mississippi river at and above St. Louis as this side of the mountains. A hand-mill, too, would be an excellent article to take, for sometimes you can get corn and wheat when. and where you can not get flour or meal. If possible, every adult person should also take asmall canvas house, or tent, say six by twelve feet,so constructed that it can be easily tied up. It should be good and strong, so that one can sleep and keep their clothing and cther personal matters in it. Where a company or large family are toge- ther, these little houses would be very de- sirable, especially to those who have been accustomed to have separate rooms, and it is particularly. desirable where there are both sexes, which, if possible, should be the case, as this seems to be the natural course; and what is natural I reckon must be about right. Ido not approve of the plan of hav- ing men go out and live in the wilds alone, without females. I see many reasons against it, and none in favor of such an unnatural course. No; let man's helper go with him and share in the toils and pleasures of erecting a new home, which are neither few nor need be particularly disagreeable. A large tent, too, I think would be an ex- cellent thing for a company or several families to take, especially should they be going so far out that: lumber could not be had conveniently. 'Tent-cloth would always be useful until fairly worn out, should it last until you had built good houses and barns, and even after that, for covering thrashed grain, and to erect in harvest-fields for shelter. By the way, I am. surprised that tents are not more used now for this very purpose in the settled parts of the West. I do think it would be a matter of health and economy. A good strong tent or canvas house would an- Lswer some time for a dwelling. I should prefer it in many respects to an ordinary log- house, which of all human habitauions that I have ever seen or had anything to do with is the least desirable, and about one of the hardest and most expensive in constructing, especially if made neat and comfortable. In short, I would try every conceivable way of building before I would use logs. The reasons are unanswerable, and almost innumerable, when I would do it. I have had some experience in this man- ner of building, and perhaps, after all that I could say, you would not be satisfied but by learning the same way. If so, go ahead; you may be satisfied with the result. There are many, doubtless, who do like log cabins, but were I now going West, I would sooner take a.canvas house, or pghaps several small dnes or rooms, that could be securely tied together toa light frame. For a large tent or house it seems to me that the hex- agon form would be economical and com- fortable; one of thirty-six feet in diameter would contain seven rooms, six around the seventh central one, and not a foot of waste canvas or. room. I would use no water- proof or fire-proof preparation on the canvas, as it causes it to crack and makes it much heavier; consequently, it will not last as long, and adds materially to the expense. Should your canvas not be thick enough to keep out wet and cold, line or double it. __ By all means take all kinds of fruit-seeds or stones, especially should you go. to the border of civilization ; and whatever else you Za -. Keep.within. your. means;, far better do whatever neglect, do not neglecti'them. Put them in the ground at the proper time, and watch them with care, as health and. wealth will flow to-you from their culture and use. Just heed what I'am now saying, and act up to it; don't'say, my neighbor is going largely into the business, and. will supply us all. Don't,leave this matter to your. neighbor, any more than you would to supply your daily wants; for should he go into the busi- ness, there will be room enough for you and him too. A. few quarts of fruit-seeds, properly at- tended to, will lay the foundation of a for- tune in any new country where fruit will grow. Had I followed the advice which I° now give you, when I first went West, I might/now have been sitting under my own trees and vines, with an abundance around me, instead of being a poor wandering jour- neyman mechanic, without home or trees, except hired ones, After having bought your land, look around for berry bushes and vines. Set out all you can of those, and with good care they will soon furnish you the most de- sirable, healthful, and consequently impor- tant food you and your family can have, especially if eaten in their natural state and fully ripe. T hardly think one could get sick,fif good ripe strawberries, raspberries, and black- berries, with good coarse bread, were their main articles of food in the summer months. Especially if they did not work hard in the hot sun, and were correct and regular in all other habits. Use no milk with fruits, and the least of it you use the better. I am confident that its almost universal use at the West is one of the main causés of the bilious diseases which are said to be so prevalent there, but which, by the way, are not neai' so nume- rous as Eastern people suppose; but what- ever there are of them have a cause for their existence, and among these causes I do think milk stands pre-eminent. It is' milk, milk, morning, noon, and night, with many families, especially in the summer, when plenty. Milk, hot dodger, light biscuit, and fried bacon in the morning. Milk, with' boiled smoked pork and greens or beans, cabbage and corn, at noon. Coffee, hot biscuit and butter, chicken, and milk for supper. I do not wish toridicule any one's food, but I must say this, kind of living never did agree well with me, and I do- be- lieve that it isnot the food best adapted to stomachs in general. But the question naturally arises, What shall we eat? or what would be the best food for settlers in a new country like the West? As far-as possible use that kind of food you have been accustomed to, that agreed well with your organization. And gradually make all changes in your diet, so that the system will receive no sudden re- volution; for revolutions are generally des- tructive and tend to discord, for the time being, atleast, politically and socially, as well as physically, though they are some- times necessary and ultimately tend to har- mony. A very safe diet, if you'are accustomed to a mixed one, which most of us are,' is wild game, good bread, dried apples and peaches; all of which can generally be got anywhere within @ reasonable distance of the Mississippi river or its navigable tribu- taries. And most of the season you will find a great variety of vegetables that are well adapted to give you health and strength, without the flesh of domestic ani-: mals, or milk, which are both more or less diseased, and the latter not adapted to the stomachs of any but the unweaned. As to health among the native popula- tion West, I think it will compare favorably with the older States, especially in the open prairie country, and where a large propor- tion of. vegetable food and fruits are used. I do insist that it is of the first importance that the young especially should have an abundance of the pleasant acid of fruits, berries, &c., and there can be no good rea- son. why one should not have them by the second year, in the meantime raising an abundance of tomatoes and melons: and do not fear to make a free use of them, espe- cially if the appetite should crave them, in sickness or health. I would hardly dare say so much in regard to fruits and their free use by children, had I not reared chil- dren there; and with my experience, I cer- tainly feel that Ihave not said toomuch. And I do think one is much more likely to be sick when the food consists principally of the flesh of domestic animals, (particularly hogs), milk, and eggs. After all it is not the food alone that causes all.the sickness. Too much labor and care is another cause of sickness, especially to those who have had everything about them convenient and agreeable: and woman, particularly suffers, for by her consti- tution and training she can not as well adapt herself to the inconveniences of anew coun- try; hence the sickness is more common and more fatal among them than it is among men. ; But much of this sickness, care and toil might be avoided if men would not attempt todo so much. Everything is on a large 'seale at the West, especially prairies and rivers; and the farmer who has been con- fined to little fields of from two to five acres of rough, sterile, stony land, has his ideas wonderfully expanded when he gets on to the ereamy soil of the prairies, and imme- diately goes on the other extreme, and at- tempts to enclose entirely too much, espe- cially when he has so many other things to do--house to build, well to dig, &., &e. He attempts to do entirely too: much, with his foree and means: the consequence is toil, care, sickness, and short. crops. too little than too much; but you' undertake, do itright. And by all means do not fail to purchase a piece of land and pay for it all down, though it may not be more than an acre for each member of your family, . And to mechanics I would say: Do not think that you will better your con- dition by going West and depending entire- getting you a home of your own; as you will dono better there than in the Eastern States; asa general thing, -and all over the country, both Kast and: West, you will find men who have tried it and found it so. But by all means get you a few acres of land; not merely a town lot or two, but a spot large enough to produce what you would consume; so, if business is dull, or prices too low at your trades, you can cultivate the soil, and thereby retain that independence which is so agreeable and so essential to the true dignity and happiness of man. And if you have not means to get such a place near 4 large town or city, go where you can get it. Do not think you must huddle to- gether in order tolive. This crowding up in towns and cities is no doubt a fruitful cause of crime, poverty, and sickness, and surely there is no need of it at the West, for youcan get a good living almost anywhere by work enough to keep in good health. ccpallann | ae: et Agricultural, &c. Naat, PLLDL Why Gardens are More Permanently Productive than Farm Fields, The possibility of rendering farm grounds intended for cereal crops, as permanently fer- tile as well-managed gardens usually are, is strongly insisted on by many writers. To the-unreflecting farmers, their reasoning ap- pears sound and sensible: but the difficulties in the way of securing the promised fertility are incomprehensible. He ploughs deep, pulverises thoroughly, manures heavily, and yet, strange to tell, he cannot succeed in pro- ducing more than two, or, at farthest, three successive good crops of the same cereal on the same field. He finds a great deteriora- tion both in quantity and quality, and finally abandons the theory, with a mind fully satis- fied of the impracticability of rendering his fields productive for a long succession of cereal crops of the same kind. This seem- ing mystery is not so difficult of solution. ' All, or nearly all know plants impoverish the soil, principally during the period of their forming and maturing their seeds: and the cereal grasses owe their chief exhausting effects to the fact of their being grown mainly for the sake of their seeds." ' The products of the garden, on the other hand, are grown for a different purpose. But few are permitted to run to seed, nearly all being cultivated for the succulent charac- ter of their leaves, stems or roots, and are generally removed from the soil at a stage of their growth when they carry away with them but little of the fertility which has not been drawn from the water and atmosphere. Tn addition to this, gardens are much more frequently and thoroughly pulverized and manured than fields intended for clerical crops, and as a consequence, a greater amount of chemical action, and more com- plete aeration are secured. After wheat is sown, but a trifling amount of further culti- vation is practicable. The same may be said of rye, oats, barley, &c. Corn admits of, and indeed requires attention after plant- ing, but the fields in which wheat and rye are sown, must necessarily be permitted to rest for nearly a twelve-month form the time of seeding, while the products of the garden, as a general thing, being required for the table before arriving at perfect maturity, are re- moved, the soil from whith they are taken is re-dug, re-pulverized and re-manured. twice or thrice during the same period, and thus, all the requisites of permanent fertility are brought to bear upon it. _ aan Dies i A ott ene Large and Small Trees. We have had some experience in trans- planting both kinds, taken from the nurseries. There is no more risk in removing a pear or apple tree, four or five years from the bud, than one year from it. We are. persuaded that. we have lost three years by setting small trees where we might have set large. The large apple trees from Dyer's nursery, that we put out two years ago, have made as much wood as smaller ones. Some of them have blossomed, and the apples set both years, and as they are full of fruit buds, we look for a sample of their fruit next season. It may not generally be known that large sized apple trees, say two or three inches from the butt, cost no more than the small- est size. Nurserymen, if they have a large stock on hand, have no other resource than to cut and burn them, as they grow beyond the proper size for transplanting, so that they are glad to dispose of them at that price. Large pear trees, especially those upon quince, are most expensive. We have pur- chased some, nine years old this fall, at two dollars each, and consider it much better economy than to pay 50 cts. for trees two years from the bud. They are as safely moved, and will soon bear abundantly. If any of our readers are about to set an apple orchard, we are confident they will find it for their interest to order large trees. Let them dig large holes, and put in compost liberally, and they will-soon have fruit. Fins Appir Jevty.--Take a half bushel of good pippin, bell-flower, or other fair sub- acid fruit, carefully cut out all blemishes, and without peeling or coring, quarter them, and throw them as they are cut into a pan of cold water, to preserve the color. When _| all the apples are thus prepared, take them: 'out of the we tof the water, and without wiping or dry: ing them, adds pm eat eee ee SS ly upon your trades for a support, without | pound of. ad Ayana iogether into.a large preserving-kettle, » water barely sufficient to keep. them, on burning, gnd mix among them the rind « 2 pnd, og them the rind © pound of best loaf or erushed st half-a-dozen lemons, cut into ver omit C : Posy 5 'the : Baht) pieces, together with the fuig.of the same. Boil the mass as. rapidly as possible, wit an burning, until the apples become p a ah? x ea & Seite tat t Gag tt soft, or boiled to a mash; then put the wh le into a jelly-bag, and if wanted for immedi ate use, fun the liduid into moulds; a put if intended for, keeping , run it into jars in the usual manner. Jelly made by. the abov method will be beautifully transparent, an delicious to the tast, and presents to. the con. noisseur one of the richest delicacies of th season. ae Seeieitnmanes iano oneaateeatl HE Lime Water in Making Bread, ~_ In bread-making, the vinous' fermenta- tion sometimes passes into the acid, thus'. rendering the bread sour and disagreeable. Leibeg has lately performed a series of ex+ periments to improve the preparation "of; bread, from which he comes to the conclu- sion, that the only effective and innocuous means of improving the qualities of wheat and rye bread, is lime water. In making » dough he advises one pint of clear lime. water to be used for every five pounds of flour. The lime water is first added to the flour, after which a sufficient quantity of common water is added to work the who e into good common dough; the leayen being mixed with water can be prepared by stir-. ring some quick lime in a vessel containing. pure cold water, then allowing the sediment. - to settle. The clear is then poured off and. kept in bottles for use. No care is required. respecting the quantity of lime to be stirred. in the water, as it will only take up a cer-_ tain quantity of lime, and no more. who use saleratus [bicarbonate of 'soda Lin, to, ee fain y i] the raising of bread, are recommende bg cease its use, and employ poor baker's yea: and a little lime water. Our bones are composed of the phosphate of lime, and those who use fine flour require for the im health a little more lime than is contained in the food. Cream of tartar and earbonata. of soda are inferior to common ye! Rie making healthy. bread.--Scientific Ame- rican. tt? aaa ¥f. oe ar! eet SMSO Wnited--Statesi: <1 \- Aen a phipeicea Nae Se ee Anthony Burns a Freeman, By the exertions of the Rev. Mr. Grimes, of Boston, the sum of $70 was raised in that city towards purchasing the person of An- thony Burns, the returned Fugitive Slave. The remainder of the sum neecssary for that! purpose, ($600,) was furnished by Mr -- Gririés himself, and the purchase was con- cluded by that gentleman the other day 'att Barnum's Hotel, in Baltimore. On Friday' evening Anthony, accompanieil by his fiend Mr. Grimes, was publicly received in Dee Penington's Church, in this city, by numer-> ous friends of his own color, and a number of? white friends of Freedom. COME The Rev. Mr. Raymonpd opened the? meeting with prayer, after whieh the Rey." Dr. Pennington introduced to the audience: Anthony Burns. Anthony isa man of me~- 'dium beight, not very dark skin, regular fea-« tures, high forehead, a quiet. intelligent face, ° and a well-set and muscular fyame.~ The? only mark on bim was a broad dark scar on" his left cheek. In a modest, but firm and- deep voice, he said: G VaR eesd My Friends: Tam very elad to have it' to say, to have it to feed, that T am once more in the land of liberty ; that Tam with those" who are my friends. Until my tenth year I" did not care much what came of me, but 5004 after I began to learn that there'is a Christ: who came to make us free; I began to hear' about a North, and to feel the necessity for® freedom of soul and body. [Applause.]) I' '| heard of a North, where men of my color" could livé without any man daring to say to' them, " You are my property;" and I deters' mined, by the blessing of God, one day 10° find my way there. My inclination grew on me, and I found my way to Boston. You' see, I didn't want to make myself known, so" I didn't tell who I was; but as I came work, I got employment, andl worked hardy | but I kept: my own counsel, and dido't telk- anybody that I was-a slave, but I strove for™ myself as I never had an opportunity to do> before. When I was going home one night. I heard some one running behind me 3. -pre-~ sently a hand was put upon my shoulder, and" somebody said: " Stop, stop 3 you are they fellow who broke into a silversmth's shop® the other night." I assured the man that it» was a mistake, but almost before I could' speak I was lifted off from my feet by six or. seven others, and it was no use to resist. In the Court-House I waited some time, and c 5 : 2 : Bee ae Re esr ee as the silversmith did not come, I told them | [ wanted to go to supper, ee A man then tame to the door ;. be didn't ; open like an honest man, would. [laughter,]. kind a slowly opened it, and looked ia. He. said, "' How do you do, Mr. Burns?" and 1. called him, as we do in Virginia, " master 17, He asked me if there would be any trouble» in taking me back to Virginia, T was brought: right to a stand, and didn't know what to: say. fle wanted to know if I remembered the money he used to give me; and I said,' "Yes, I do recollect that you used to, give. me 125 cents at the end of every, year £. worked.for you." He went out and Eis back next morning. . I got no supper nor, sleep that night.. The next. morning. they: told me that. my master said he had the ri * to me; and as I called him " master," har~. ing the fear of God before my eyes, J could down with bracelets on not go from it, pert mpeang.t was take a as you wear, ladies, of gold and silve 1 big h 4 7 pS eS