Ree SAMUEL R. WARD, Editor. | } {ALEX MARTH R, Cor. Editor. 'TORONTO, CANADA WEST, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1854. ss Self-Meltance ts: the Gene | Road th Endepianence." ; : Sa PROSPECTUS OF THE PROVINCIAL, FREE MAN, Pe oo _ REV. B. R. WARD, EDITOR. oO REV, ALEX, M'ARTHUR, COR. EDITOR. Te eee he Provincial si ainda be devoted to Anti-Slavery, Temperance and General Litera. ture. The organ of no particular Political Party, it will, open its columns. to the views of men ot different political opinions, reserving the right, as } Deeds of affliction and love may be done ~~ an independent Journal, of full expression on all questions or projects affecting the people in a po- litical way; and reserving, also, the right to, ex- press emphatic condemnation of all projects, hav- ing for their object ina great or remote degree, the subversion of the 'principles of the British Constitution, or of British rule in the Provinces. Not committed to the views of: any religious sect" exclusively, it will carefully observe the rights of every sect, at the same time that a reser_ vation shall be made in favor of an existing dif ference of opinion, as to the views or actions of the sects respectively. As an advertising medium, as a vehicle of in_ formation on Agriculture,--and as an enemy to. vice in. any and every conceivable form and a promoter of good morals, it shall be made worthy of the patronage of the public. M. A. SHADD, Publishing Agent. 'Office, 5, City Buildings, King Street Mast, Toronto. J OB 'PRIN TING ! at HE PROPRIETORS of the PROVIN- CIAL FREEMAN would inform their friends and the public, that their Office is supplied with all the requisites for the execution of every description of JOB PRINTING, in the best and handsomest style, with accuracy and. despatch. They would, also, respec fully solicit a continuance of that patronage heretofor e extended to Mr. STEPHENS, its former owner; fully expecting that the Office will continue to maintain the high character it has deservedly acquired under the very efficient manage- ment of that gentleman. Cards, Labels, Handbills. Show Bills, Circulars, Bill Hoa, Check Books, Bank Books, and every other des- eription of Letter-press Frinting, at the Office of the PAO- V, CLAL FREEMAN, on reasonable terms. Business Directory. LOLLIPOP DPD? 'CHARLES MARCH Howse Sign and Ornamental Painter, Grainer, Glazier and Paper Hanger, Carver,:-Gilder and Glass Stainer. Mixed Paints, Putty, Enamelled and Plain Window Glass ae LOO aE | Glass, for Sale at the lowest Cash prices. > "No. 29, King Street West, Toronto, 10th April, 1854. 4 E. Ss. S. MACDONELL, Barrister. At- Oe. at Law, otha Public, &e., &c., Windsor, : "ESSRS. R. P. & ADAM CROOKS, Bar- I risters at Law, Attorneys and Solicitors, Wellington Street, Toronto. Caviry & CAMERON, Barristers, &c., &c., Office Church Street, next door. to the Court House.. : WiILitAM CayLey, Martrratw Crooks Cameron. A. B. FIGNES, = DEALER IN GROCERIES AND CROCKERY WARE, NO. 314 DUNDAS STREET, EONDON, C. W. . NDREW HENDERSON, Rieuon cer: and Commission Merchant, No. 32, Yonge St. Toronto. 1G References, eas Clarkson, Esq., Presi- dent of the Board of Trade ; John Robertson, Esq., Messrs. A. Ogilvie & Co.; Messrs. How- S33 ard Fitch ; Messrs. D. Crawford' & Co. D. FARRAR & CO. IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN GROCERIES, WINES, LIQUORS, &c. &c. NO. 15, DUNDAS | STREET, NDON, C.W. VANKOUGHNET & BROTHER BARRISTERS, Atntoreys, &c. &¢.--Office in Church Street, over " The City Bank" Agency, two doors south of St. Andrew' 's Church. . CHARLES FLETCHER, hy Se anp. STATIONER, No. 54, Yonce SrTrekt, : : TORONTO. | British ae American Works imported and for rag at the smallest possible advance pon the 'wholesale prices. ~ PUN CTUALITY ! BROWN & FLAMER, «Late of Philadelphia, JPASHONABLE BOOT AND SHOE MAKERS, No 33 -* King Street West. All work warranted to be done ina Superior Style. Repairing dune with neatness and dis- yack Feet measured on anatowical pr met les. ._ Toronto, | March 18th, 1854. : G HARCOURT'S: CLOTHING STORE, KING STREET TAS 2 an$ 5: =f $43 a cate Subscribe thas just received a very su- erior assortment of West of England Broad Cloths, Cassimeres, Doeskins, Tweeds, Vesting of the newest: pattern and. material. i Jevery, article belonging to a gentleman's. com- Be outtit kept ey on hand. EO. HARCOURT, _11, King } Street East. "NOTE CH. " _ma. 13--1m. 'qiae indersienied" begs"to O infert the atauis generally, that he is prepared to furnish the follpwing articles at the Sere and retail: #32 . AXE HANDLES, . PICK HANDLES, j ADZE HANDLES, BUCK-SAW FRAMES, 'SAW- -HORSES, &e., made in the best manner. Also by the Retail, New BUCK-SAWS, of the best "quality, in eomplete order for service. Also forShaw's Axes ready handled and also handles put into axes and etter Peps 4 and fF eT. SMALLWOOD' "S$ Saw Factory, : ' York Street, No. 35. J. -. 'AND PLATED WARE, Papi ed PARSONS, TMPORTER and general: dealer;' stand, St. Paul's Street, St. Catharines, C. W., z "Offers at Wholesale and Retail, every deser iption [ _-of Gold and Silver Watches, Jewelry, Silver _and Plated Ware, Pocket Cutlery, Razors, Spec- 'Yacles, Clocks, 'Mirrors, and "a great variety of | fancy goods. 7 An experienced \ workman will devote his whole atteiitionh to repairing Fine Waiches and other | ; fob-work,: which will te pS warranted, did PARSONS, 2 3StGG + pe Sete 'Canada West, campaign of 1645. FINE WATCHES, JEWELRY, SILVER | at his old Jeweller, ae : = Poetry PLDI POD DIP Up and be Doing, Up and be doing ! aye, be resigned, Ne'er so dejected and pale ; Man with an intelleet---man with a mind! What does your sorrow avail 2 Fear in the bosom and tears in the eye Never drive evils. away: Manfully struggle, earnestly try, . Upand be doing to-day ! Up and be. doing! gaols way be won = "By persons of every sphere; Every day in the year. Onward! whilst science is shedding her stores, And light from her portals is streaming Upprands the lark that at heaven's gate soars A lay of thanksgiving i is hymning! - Up and be doing! win a great-name, Purchase broad lands of" your own; Steep is the eminence leading to fame, Thorny the path to renown Thorny and steep the one may be climbed, The other as: easily trod, - By him who with wisdom. int actions fos timed, W ho centres his trust upon God. Up and be coing! murmurs and sighs, Drive them uncourteously hence ; Search after knowledge--learn to be wise, Think of your shillings and pence. Poetry, fiction, and day-dreams of bliss-- All very well in their way-- Are not the right tools for a workshop like this Up and be doing to- aly 2 Literature PRADA WRDAEPRAERAARAAREANEIRARARERI RAR RERIRRIIN & John Bunyan, In the edition of "The Encyclopedia Britannica, or Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature," we have [says the Dublin Nation] a short biography of Bun- yan, which in a few pages presents that quaint old worthy as a breathing figure. The strength, humour, grace of style, liberty of tone, keenness of perception, | and thorough relish for the subject manifest in the writing of this little memoir, indicate plainly enough the owner of. the signature, T. B. M., by whom the "Encyclopedia " has been in this case enriched. Mr. Macaulay represents vividly the boy, Jobn Bunyan, born tinker, with a. powerful imagination and keen sensibility, excited by religious terrors, growing up to a tormented youth. Of the depravity and profligacy commonly attributed to him, on his own tes- timony, as characteristic on his tinker days, so far as such words have a real meaning in our own ears, he is here proved guiltless. Tlis four chief sins were dancing, ringing the bells of the parish chureh, playing at tip-cat, and reading the history of Sir Bevis, of Southampton. Another sin, indeed, is named, which appears somewhat more real to us, but his habit of swearing was cured by one reproof. "A rector of the school of Laud," Mr. Macaulay observes, " would have held such a young man up to the whole parish as a model. But Bunyan's notions of good and evil had been learned in a very different school ; and he was made miserable by the conflict between his tastes and: his scruples." At seventeen Bunyan enlisted in the Par- liamentary army, and served during the Then it was that his imagination became stored with those im- pressions of the. pomp and circumstance of war; which furnished afterwards so many of his illustrations, and supplied him with his Great-heart, his Captain Boanerges, and his Captain Credence. The campaign over, he went home and married. And then his fancy again became the prey of the religious ex- citement and fanaticism prevalent ; and his terrors, temptatious, and self-accusations bordered on insanity. As he. grew older, reason strengthened, and a spirit of sound sense got vigour enough to subdue, or nearly to subdue, the wildness of these fan- tasies. He joined a Baptist Society at Bedford and after a time began to preach ; yet we are told it was long before he ceased to be tormented with an impulse which urged him to utter words of horrible eg in the pulpit. - With. the: est ouatics there came perse- cution _ of Dissenters, and Bunyan's well- known imprisonment in Bedford jail lasted, with some intervals, during twelve years. He was told thatif he would give up preach- ing he would be set free, but not even his strong domestic. affections tempted him from the path that seemed to him. the, path of duty. He had several small children, and among them a blind daughter, on te loved with peculiar tenderness. " He could not, he said, bear even to Jet the wind blow on her; and now she must sufler cold and toe she must beg; she must be beaten ; 'yet, he added,' I must, I must-do it.' " That he studied during the imprisonment the Bible and the Book of Martyrs, and that he there began to write, all the world knows. Th his first writings he had not found lis whole power, but at last he began the " Pil- grim's Progress," a work of which Mr. Ma- caulay thus strikingly relates both the his- tory and character :-- " Before he left his prison he had. begun 'the book which has made his name immortal. |The. history of that book is remarkable. The author was, as he tells US, writing a treatise, in which he had occasion to spéak of the stages of the Christian progress. He 'compared that: progress, as many others had compared. it, to. a, pilgrimage.. Soon _ his quick wit discovered innumerable points of 'similarity which had escaped his predecessors. Images came crowding on' his mid faster than he could put them into words, quag- tires and pits, steep hills, dark and. horrible | glens, soft vales, sunny pastures, a gloomy castle, of which the court yard was strewn rwith the skulls and bones of murdered pri- _|soners, a town of bustle and: splendour, like London on*the Lord Mayor's day, and the it, running on up hill, aml down hill , through city and "through wilderness, to the Black River and the Shining Gate. He had found out, as most people would have said, by ac- cident, as he would, doubtless, have said: by the euidatice of Providence, where his powers lay. He had no suspicion, indeed, that he was producing-a masterpiece. Le could not guess what place his allegory would occupy in English literature ; for of [English litera- ture he knew nothing. Those who suppose him to have studied the Fairy Queen might easily be confuted, if this were the proper sages in which the two allegories have been thought to resemble each other. 'Ihe only work of fiction with which he could compare his Pilgrim was his old favourite, the legend of Sir Bevis of Southampton. . He would have thought it a sin to borrow any. time from the serious business of -his life, from his expositions his controversies, and his lace tags, for the purpose of amusing himself, with what he consiftered merely as a trifle. It was only, he assures us, at spare moments that he returned to the House Beautiful, the Delectable Mountains, and the Enchanted Ground. He had no assistance. Nobody but himself saw a line until the whole was complete. He then consulted his pious friends. Some were pleased ; others were much scandalised. It was a vain story, a mere romance, about giants, and lions, and goblins, and warriors, sometimes fighting with monsters, and sometimes regaled by fair ladies in stately palaces. 'he loose, atheistical wits at Will's might write such stuff to divert the painted Jazebels of the court; but did it become a minister of the Gospel to copy the evil passions of the world ? There had been a time when the cant of such fools would have made Bunyan misera- ble. But that time was passed, and his mind was now in a firm and healthy state. He saw that,.in employing fiction to make truth clear and goodness attractive, he was only following the example which every Christian ought to propose to himself; and he deter- mined to print. The " Pilgrim's Progress" stole silently into the world. Nota 'single copy, of the first edition 1s known to be in existence--- The year of publication has not been ascer- tained. Itis probable that, during some months the little volume circulated only among poor and obscure sectarians. But soon the irresistible charm of a book which gratified the imagination of the reader with all the action and scenery of a fairy tale, which exercised his ingenuity by setting him to discover a multitude of curious analogies, which interested -his feelings for human beings fraily like himself, and stre ugeling with temp- tation from cara and from without, which every moment drew a smile from him by some stroke of quaint yet simply pleasantry, and nevertheless left on his mind a sentiment of reverence for God and of sympathy for man, began to produce its effect. In puri- tanical circles, from which plays and novels were strictly excluded, that effect was such as no work of genius, though it were superior to the Iliad, to Don Quixote, or to Othello, can ever produce on a mind accustomed to indulge in literary luxury. In 1678 came forth a second edition with additions; and then the demand became immense. In the four following years the book was reprinted six times. The eighth edition, which con- tains the last improvements made by the au- thor, was published in 1682, the ninth in 1684, the tenth in 1685. The help of the engraver had early been called in; and tens of thousands of children looked with terror and delight on execrable copper plates, which represented Christian thrusting his sword into Apollyon, or writhing in the grasp of Giant Despair. | In Scotland, and some of the colonies, the pilgrim was even more popular than in his native country. Bun- yan has told us, with very pardonable vanity, that in New England his dream was the daily. subject of the conversation of thou- sands and was thought worthy to appear in the most superb binding. He had numerous admirers in Holland, and among the Huge- nots of France. With'the pleasures, how- ever, he experienced some of the pains of eminence. Knavish booksellers put. forth volumes of trash under his name, and envi- ous scribblers maintained it to be impos- sible that the poor ignorant thinker should really be the author-of the. book which was called his, He took the best way to confound 'ait those who counterfeited him and those who standered him. Je continued to work the gold-field which he had discovered, and to draw from it new treasures, not indeed with quite such ease and in quite such abundance as when the precious soil was still virgin, but yet with success which left all competition far behind. In 1684 appeared the second part of the " Pilgrim's Progress." -- It was soon followed by the " Woly War," which if the' " Pilgrim's Progress" did not exist, would be the best allegory that ever was written. 'he fame of Bunyan during his life, and during the century which followed his death was indeed great, but was almost entirely confined to religious females of the middle and lower classes. Very seldom. was he during that time mentioned with respect by any writer of any great literary emmence. Young coupled his prose with the poetry of the wretched D'Urfey. In the " Spiritual Quixote," the adventures of Christian are ranked with those of Jack the Giant Killer, and Jobn Hickathrift. Cowper ventured to praise the great allegorist, but did not ven- ture to name him, -- 1 isa significant circum- stance, that, till a recent period, all the num- erous hdifions of the " Pilgrim's Progress" "were: evidently meant for the cottage and the servant's hall. 'The paper, the printing, the plates, were all of the meanest description. -place-fur-a detaited-caamination-of the pas- | -- 2 narrow path, straight as a rule could make In general, when the educated minority and the common people differ about the merit of a book, the opinion of the educated minority finally prevails. The " Pilgrim's Progress". is perhaps the only book about which, after lapse, of a hundred years, the educated minor- ity has come oyer to the opinion of the com- mon people. Hliscellaneons. NL ADL LOO DOO Employment of Women in France. I am induced to say'a word upon the | very numerous employments open to females in France, which are not open 'to them at home. 'he books of nine-tenths ofthe: re- tail shops in Paris, are kept by women. I] do not remember a cafe. or estaminet in the city, the counter of which is not presided at bya woman. The box offices of all the theatres are tended by women--not only those of the evening, but those open during the day for the sale of reserved places. - The box-openers and audience-seaters are women. And not only do women act as sellers in such establishments as are naturally fitted to them, but even in groceries, hardware stores, wood-yards, fruit stores, butcheries, etc., etc. In all these places the book-keep- er is a woman, fenced in and_ separated from the rest by a frame-work of glass.-- The ticket sellers at the railroad stations are principally women. I have the pleasure of purchasing a seat daily of a good-looking young person of about twenty- four years.-- From appearances, I should say she was en- gaged to the conductor of the four o 'clock Gui Women even guard the stations and some of the less frequented crossings. Wo- men cry the rate of exchange, every after- noon after Bourse hours; and more numbers of the Presse and the Mousquetaire are dis- posed of by women than men. I never yet saw a newsboy in France. In the porters' lodges of the city, there are as many por- tresses as porters; and a landlord would pre- fer to take, for this service, a woman without a huband than a man without a wife. In small houses where one person only ts re- quired, that one person is a woman. Omni- bus-conductors submit their way-bills, at the transfer offices, to women, for inspection and ratification. Women book you for a seat in the diligence. Women let donkeys for rides at Montmorenci, and saddle them too. Wo- men undertake the moving of furniture, agree with you as to price, and you find them quite as responsible as men. Without multiplying instances, you will see what a number of avenues are open to femalcs here, which in America are closed. At home, nearly all the situations obtainable by them are cither menial, or involve subordination. Women are either servants, clerks, opera- tives, waiters, or type-setters. 'T'he foreman is rarely a woman, if I may be allowed the expression. Here, however, women hold positions of authority, responsibility and con- sideration, in the various employments of overseers and book- 'keepers, and even as heads of establishments. "It has not been found that the weakness of the sex causes the empire to be any the less energetically asserted, or obedience to be less promptly rendered. 'There are other capacities in which women are employ yed in France, which I trust and believe would never be accepted by women at home; a brigade of street- sweepers contains an equal number of male and females. There are female chiffoniers and old clo? women. A complete estab- lishment of a fruit or vegetable pedlar consist of a small cart, a man to shout and sell, and a woman anda dog harnessed into straps, to drag. In the country, women la- bour in the fields, and thrash and winnow in the barns. I might say that, from a motive of pity, I employ an old grandmother to weed an alley, tend a strawberry bed and hawthorn grove, in which I take an unna- tural interest--considering that they grow on land not my own. American women were not born for such occupations as these ; but I think there are many employments yet monopolized by men to which their la- bour might be usefully and convenienty di- verted-- Paris Correspondent New York Times. The Faroe Isles. : The climate of Faroe is much more genial and mild than would be supposed from its latitude, and far less severe in winter than many places in a southern latitude on the continent of Europe. The curlew and some other birds winter here, while they are not found on the continent, at this season, as far north as Hamburgh. 'The summer neither here nor in Teeland, is hot, though there are some warm days in July and August. While grain is never grown in Toelad here they cultivate barley and oats, at a height of from two to six hundred feet above fe level of the sea. Grass grows at an elevation of two thousand feet, but a little above that vege- tation ceases and the land isa desert. Some- times a violent wind occurs, that will roll up the grassy turf like a side of sole leather; and in this way the top of some hills get en- tirely denuded, the turf being carried out in- to the sea--trees do not grow here; these islands resembling, in that 1 respect, Iceland, and the groups of Shetland add Orkney. Thunder here, as in Iceland, is heard in: winter, but seldom in summer. There are afew lakes in the islands; Leinumvatu, in Stromoe, being one of the larvest. It is in a sombre, melaneholy- -looking valley, and re- sembles some of the small 'lakes in the high- lands of Scotland. As in all mountainous and peat districts, there are plenty of springs of fresh water. The spoken language of the Faroese re- sembles that of the Icelanders, but the peo-- ple have not the same literary taste and love of history. 'Their written language is the' Danish. Originally settled. from Norway by piratical cruisers, and about the time of the settlement of Iceland, the history of the islands has much in common with the more northern land: They paid tribute or were expected to, to the reigning. chief of Nor- way; but the latter was very unfortunate in his collection of it-- Ihe deputy or collector sent out for this purpose seldom returned, and was rarely or never seen in Norway again. Some, attracted by the independent bearing of the people, took wives from among the fair Faroese, and settled permanently ; thus paying- a ~vory direct and unmistakeable compliment to a brave and independent aud- republican people. Others declared. them- selves firm and incorruptible, and determin- ed to execute their trust. Marriage is a most excellent institution ; and all the Norwe- gian collectors who took 'brides from among the Faroe maidens found it no doubt, parti- cularly to their advantage, and at the same time, in accordance' with the good wishes and prosperity of the islanders themselves. Those who would not accept wives on such fair terms were never heard of again. Their bones were buried at low tide; the. king of Norway kept sending his deputies to Faroe and they and their ships disappeared one after another, till finally none of his majesty's subjects would undertake the voyage. At last, Karl Maere, a celebrated pirate, offered his services; he left Norway, and arrived at Thorshaven in safety. He commenced. col- lecting the tribute, and succeeded until he was himself compelled to pay a capitation tax. He was decapitated, and his compan- ions returned without the money. Had the "wanderer" in Iceland been favored with the office of collector, he migh perhaps have visited Faroe; and in that case, he probably would not much longer have = a wandering bachelor. --_--___--__--il == -@- The Vice of Lying. Lying, is a mean and cowardly quality, and altogether unbecoming a person of honor. easferispotlé lays it down for a maxim, that a brave man isclear in his discourse, and keeps close to the truth ; and Plutarch calls lying the vice ofa slave. Lying in discourse is a disagreement between the speech and the mind of the speaker, when one thing is declared and another meant, and words are no image of thoughts. Hence it will follow, that he who mistakes a falsity for truth is no liar in reporting his judgment ; and, on the other side, he that relates a matter which he be- lieves to be false is guilty of lying, though he speaks the truth. A lie is to be measured by the conscience of him that speaks, and not by the truth of the proposition. Lying is a breach of the articles of social commerce, and an invasion upon the fun- damental rights of society. Lying has a ruinous tendency ; it strikes adamp upon business and pleasure, and dissolves the cement of society. Like gun powder, it is all noise and smoke; it darkens the air disturbs the sight, and blows up as far as it reaches. --Nobody can close with a liar ; there is danger in the correspondence ; and nore than that we naturally hate those who make it their business to deceive us. Were lying universal, it would destroy the credit of books and records, make the past ages insignificant, and almost confine our knowledge to our five senses. We must travel by. the compass or by the stars--for- saking the way would only misguide us.-- Pearls of Great Price. Chinese Currency--The Canton Mint and the Pillar Dollar. Those who are best acquainted with the trade of the East, best know the singular preference which the Chinese people have always shown and continue to show for the old Carolus pillar dollar. In this passion, they have detied all principle of self-interest and of intrinsic value. In vain it has been shown that the modern Mexican dollar is to the full of equal value, that it contains as much pure silver, that so far as coinage goes, it is a more perfect manufacture--in spite of all, the Chinese have to this day persisted in receiving the Carolus pillar dollar at 10, 15, and even 20 per cent. higher value than the Mexican dollar, and the same' propor- tion, or even greater, than British silver or Indian rupees. At Shanghai, at one period last year, the Carolus dollar, the intrinsic va- lue of which is $1,01, was worth $1,86.-- This preference of the Chinese for this spe- cial coin, has Jed to its being collected from every other part of-the world for that mar- ket. 'he countries in the Mediterranean where this coin formerly was the chief cur- rency, have been almost entirely swept of it for the East. The difficulty therefore, which has attended the trade of China has been, that with a constantly increasing de- mand for this coin, the market of supply was rapidly becoming exhausted. At length, however, the ingenuity of the Chinese seems to have discovered a solution to this growing and increasing difficulty. A mint has been 'established at Canton for coin- ing Carolus pillar dollars of a date of 1778. And although, no doubt, in one respect it is a fraud to coin_a foreign coin of the last century and of a king long since gathered to his fathers, yet in respect to real intrinsi¢ quality there is no fraud. In every respect the Chinese Carolus pillar dollar is a8 much like the real dollar of Carolus the TIT, as those dollars are likéeach other. ~ In intrin- sic quality they are precisely the same. It is true the keen eye of the'China Schroff is alive to the distinction, and we understand they only take them at ten per cent. discount upon the real ancient dollar.--The difference however, is likely soon to disappear, and it is probable that the mint will prove the solu- tion of all the currency difficulties of the | East, and will lead to different coins being accepted at their real intrinsic value in pure silver, in place of the arbitrary rates which they now command. If so, the Canton mint will exercise a powerful influence over the whole financial transactions of the Hast.-- Buffalo Paper. The Purchase of Cuba. nn' The tameness with which horton presses and politicians receive the proposi- tion to purchase Cuba, at a cost of from one +o three hundred millions of dollars, at the mo- ment when the South would ibheciiicial that the British Provinees should come into the Union without charge to the public treasury, is amazing! It is coolly proposed to buy an Island filled with savage negroes, and more savage Spanish masters, all speaking a different language, and all professing a dif- ferent religion from' our own, at a cost greater than that of the American Revolu- tion; and the domineering slave interest, in the same breath, with unparalleled impu- dence and effrontery, declare external hosti- lity to the peaceable annexation of a free, homogeneous people, although it should not cost the Federal Government a dollar. Are we a free Republic, or are we the bond slaves of the three hundred and seventy- five thousand lordly negro-drivers of the South ? Some Northern men, even Anti-Slavery men, have spoken of the acquisition of Cuba as desirable, on the ground that it will bring the Spanish system of slavery under the humanizing influences of our-higher civiliza- tion. This, in our judg ment, is a great mistake. With the exception that a constant stream of barbarism has been pouring into Cuba, from the Coast. of Africa, which has kept | down the standard of negro civilization, we regard the laws of that Island as far more favorable to the slave than those of our Southern States. In Cuba, every slave has the privilege of emancipating himself, by paying a price which does not depend upon the selfish ex- actions of the masters; but it is either a fixed price, or else is fixed in each case by disinterested appraisers. The consequence is, that emancipations are constantly going on, and the free people of color are becom- ing enlightened, cultivated and wealthy. In no part of the United States do they occupy the high social position which they enjoy in Cuba. Ts it not certain, that in the event of an- nexation, these humane, legal, aid social re- gulations will be overturned, and that the intolerant spirit which pervades Mississippi and Georgia will be substituted. But another invincible objection, with every honorable and humane man, must be the impulse which will be given to the slave trade between our shores and those of Cuba. No man can pretend that a traffic in Christian negroes and mulatoes is a whit better than that which is carried on from the Coast of Africa to Cuba, in ignorant savages. Indeed, provided the latter were legalized, and the natives were not en- couraged to go to war to make slaves, we] are clearly of opinivn, that it is less criminal than the 'infamous domestic trade. The latter, equally with the former, disregards all the most sacred and endearing ties of family, of parent and child, and of husband and wife. None but the vilest demagogues in politics, or hypocrites in religion, will deny a fact so notorious: and unless the Christian people' of the United States are willing to see a three-fold augmentation of} this infernal traffic, they should never listen to the proposition of: annexing Cuba, while slavery contiaues there and - here in. its a sent form. Demagogues: will pretend that 'the an- nexation of Cuba will: stop - the - African slave trade; and in-this way they hope to satisfy the consciences of. Northern men. But do we: not-see: the champions of slavery demanding the revival of the African slave trade even for this Continent? -- And, although some of them scruple a little on this point, because they fear that its odium schemes, will they- not, after acquiring Cuba, demand the continuance of the Afri- can slave trade, which already exists, as in- dispensable? 'They are endeavoring to ac- quire the Amazon: Valley, for the purpose | of carrying slavery to it; and with such a demand for slaves as aa follow, it is the height of credulity to believe that the con- science of the ruling class-in the South will higgle at the idea of reviving all the horrors | of the slave trade, a against. which all the good men of this country and of England have contended for seventy years, and which is now nearly destroyed. --National Era. The Slave ore at Bavahas: We published on Monday a despatch from Charleston, 8. C., announcing the. ap- proval by the Spanish Goverment of the Captain General's course in the Black War- rior affair, and likewise stating that. the Captain Generai had issued new regulations : concerning: the negroes. The New. York, Charleston and New Orleans. papers have since contained correspondence in relation to the matter, setting forth the contemplated and actual changes at length. We are compelled, in consequence. of. our limited space, to content ourselves with a brief abstract. The preamble to the jecual dented the existence of a compact with Great Britain by which Spain is bound to emancipate the | slaves of Cuba. It declares that it is time to make the life of the Creole bondman' more sweet than that of the white: a5 of | Europe, and proclaims that the slave trade" | shall have power to conte epson | be seized and decla red - / source was stopped, and their increase 4 | third the ratio of the. other eee /him is to annihilate him. -- | gendered in the atmosphere. of. Slav may injure more practicable and. pressing | with which our article is headed, pots /not only proscribed by: law, North = must and? shall ve 'HG then' orders, " without ou higher measures, the approbation wh wait from her Majesty ,?-- regulations shall be of fe Auoust next. from the landing of neo for them, and muster and ex negroes as they think propé authorities shall each year fo groes,--the masters to ol reduction or inérease, giving th name of the person from whom the 3. All negroes found and not reo ported; |, the hotde aewly imported, 'ey 'be | for every negro not recist authorities failing to give | landings are to be depri 5: Captains of Partidos failing to 'a groes landed in their jurisdictio 'shall their offices. 6. Persons, Reg aster, 2 Ditedt eC wid 'Stiga Southern Atlantic States on to The' Whig Press, Smudge from Charlotte, N. C., 'May 17th, "While at W inasborough, N two _o'clock on Sunday mornin. awakened by the ery of suifering, : learned the cause. Immed my window, a negro was receiving th of his master. He was' stripper naked, and his master was floge a harness trace. The night wate! him asleep in a back yard of the he therefore concluded he was there int nC to commit burglary ; his master wa and the whipping commenced to confess. Atno time during' the inquisitic was ever more cruelty displ his fe were fastened to the ground, and his b stretched over an outside. market~stall, the lash fell with an unsparing hand. His back was literally pounded to a jelly, and at every stroke the blood oozed out and triel led to the ground, and his 'simple ale was " Massa, I wasn't going to do anyt For one hour and a half this cruel tre was continued, till the victim begger 4 they would ° 'take a gun-and kill him, fainted from pure exhaustion ;. then it was discontinued, and in the morning I heard them say he received 277 lashes, "The were some scenes connected with t $ ishment too; revolting to write, muc to be believed ;--therefore, - Writing more upon the subject. - to say, it reminded me forcibly, o scenes in Uncle 'Tom's Cabin, for principal actor." vicina From the National: Era, What Becomes of the Free -Cotorsa" 3 People t ay Ttiednnel Hedeuii that thd real bel | increase has fallen far below that» of» whites or the slaves. In the earlier' year of the Republic it was greater tham-that' o any other class, in consequence of e pations; gradually the supply. from about equal to that of the whites. At lengtl it fell below,. not only the whites, slaves ;: and now it is little more than-one- downward: tendency.-¢ «ssc tse It has been argued; from histetaldel things, that Slavery i is the only condition in which the negro thrives, and that to liberat 'This is the losophy of the friends of Slavery, and. example of the Detroit Jree Press. st that the Northern men are in some instance: disposed to give it countenance. We di sent entirely from this. gloomy. philos and proceed to set forth reasons for beli that it has no-foundation to rest on, bu unjust prejudices which have « been _ We also propose to: answer the que ing out the whereabouts of the: missing colored peoplewcs oi vouheb oR epee | In the first place, if ity were true. at tyranny of law: and. custom: in «1 country has tended» to. impoverish depress. the «free colored people, fact is by no "means.~ the race, but to the eos South, but the weight of prejudice agains them more imperiously than law has assign ed them an inferior "station, and e them the privilege of pursuing: the» honorable occupations. In the slave Ste the slaveholders look upon them. wi picion, and nothing but necessity:eduld in duce them: to give employment: to th despised race. We understand that witl afew years the demand for labor has. so great in some sections as to o prejudice, and there has. been. a: sequent. improvement in » the cond of the free colored" population. : ee the. free States, ostrong ~prejudice among the white laboring: class against colored people, and they: are' often deni employment. on this account, These. de pressing circumstances doubtless: have ope toed as Ledges a them, vand prey: eae place « ae ind dy are passnee a to account for 'the oreat falling olf 4 ratio of increase, shdvinwsonigcae. the Ste the actual diminution of their: mun This decrease is: most conspi¢uousan, posite extr emes of the Unions «New land and New York sshow: an acta off 'Lhe: middie, western," andi bu States, except Louisiana, F 3s