-- She Oshawa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E,, Oshawa, Ontario T, L. Wilson, Publisher TUESDAY, AUGUST 10, 1965 -- PAGE 4 Quality In Universities | Risked For Convenience Provincial premiers held another of their annual conferences last week to "discuss matters of mutual concern". Major decisions are not expected from such meetings. Yet one of the matters on which general agreement has been reported can be of major importance in the field of education. Premier Robarts is one of those who is said to have expressed satis- faction that education ministers are close to agreement on common uni- versity entrance standards. At first glance, the tendency is certainly to go along with this view. It seems a good thing. Canadian families are constantly on the move. In fairness to the youngsters intending to go to university, the fact that they've moved from one province to. an- other should not be allowed to inter- fere with requirements to attend college. But there is another considera- tion, one which on the long term can have greater importance, It is the Stricter Disc Royal Commissions have their place. In the current concern in fi- nancial circles in Ontario such spe- cial studies can lead to fuller protec- tion for investors and the public. However corporations and investors cannot leave it all to the lawmak- ers. The Financial Post this week says « stricter discipline in the market place is required by company offi- vials, investors and savers. They are urged to make elementary She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher Lh ROOKE, General Manager C. J. MeCONECHY Editor The Oshawa Times ond The Oshawa Times established 1871) and the Gazette Ewanicleestablned 1863) Is published daily . Members of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish- des teeta Teo concer Pre nade ten equ ef Circulation and the Ontorio Provincial Dailies The Canadian ices: Th 425 Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal. P.Q. "i SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickeri Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, le Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, 'aunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Manchester, , and Newcastle, not over SOc, per week. By mail in Province of Ontario carrier de $15.00 5 inces monwealth Countries, » U.S.A. and foreign $27.00 per proposition that to have a common standard some universities will have to lower their requirements. At a time when the aim is to strive for excellence in education such a step would seem an alien act. Long-established Canadian uni- versities have achieved high repu- tations in their particular fields, Dalhousie's law faculty and Me- Gill's college of medicine are but two with world-wide recognition. With a reduction to the common denominator, can they maintain their standards? As for the many smaller and newer universities in Canada competition can be worth- while. Only through striving to at- tain the reputation of the older in- stitutions can they better them- selves -- and the stature of their graduates, The principle of a common en- trance standard has much to com- mend it in convenience for students. But can convenience warrant the risk of sacrificing the quality of higher education in Canada? ipline Need? checks before putting their money on the line. The national publication of busi- ness, investment and public affairs makes these points: 1. Portfolio management. The generally prosperous post-war con- ditions have made some investors careless about keeping a reserve of securities they can turn into cash easily. Respect for low-yielding but quickly cashable Government of Canada bonds revived recently when the Atlantic Acceptance affair made it hard to find buyers for some bonds. 2. Short-term borrowing. Cor- porations that counted on getting credit for short periods from other corporations and non-bank lenders were sometimes embarrassed re- cently when these sources dried up. If their short-term loans exceeded their line of credit at the bank, they had to scramble. 8. Accounting and auditing. Are the financial statements and the checks being made on them, being handled in a way that will call atten- tion to trouble early? Some of the companies in trouble had published statements that looked solid. Even some of the directors appear to have been misled. GOOD EVENING 'A WIZARD SHOW' _ "Gayest Company Ever' In Epic Battle Of Britain By DOUG MARSHALL Canadian Press Staff Writer "The Battle of Britain was fought by the gayest company who ever fired their guns in anger." So says the RAF's official his- torian in his judgment on 'the Few" immortalized by Winston Churchill -- the Hurricane and Spitfire pilots whose shoulders held the sky suspended during that simmering dramatic sum- mer of 25 years ago. All told they numbered only about 1,000, a hard core of sea- soned professionals buttressed by a band of happy-go-lucky amateur or weekend flyers barely out of their teens. They had the buoyancy and adventurous spirit of youth, the incredible courage sustained by the conviction that "it won't happen to me." They wanted "a wizard show" out of life and they got it. Less than half survived the battle; fewer than 100 survived the war. By any standards of history the Battle of Britain was an epic despite the light-hearted refusal of the chief participants to take either their dangers. or their achievements seriously. And like all epics it gave rise to a variety of myths and legends that have tended to minimize and exaggerate its true perspective. PRELUDE TO INVASION Named before it began by Churchill in his "finest hour' speech after the debacle of Dun- kerque, the battle was first and foremost a fight to the death. Had Goering's Luftwaffe suc- ceeded in shooting the RAF out of the sky the curiously half- hearted plans for the invasion of Britain, Operation Sea Lion, would almost certainly have been put into effect. The unbeaten German armies that stood around the rim of Eu- rope in the summer of 1940 formed the most powerful fight- ing force the world had ever seen. Had Britain fallen they might be there yet. But for Ger- many the road away from Calais after the Battle of Brit- ain led directly to the defeats of Stalingrad, El Alamein and Normandy. Secondly the battle was the first and virtually the last great trial of strength in the brief era of aerial conflict that had its tentative beginnings in the First World War dog-fights over Flan- ders and ended when the first V-2 rocket hit London. In a sense the clash between RAF and Luftwaffe was a cavalry charge in the sky, a momentary flash of romance and old-fashioned ideals in a cold-blooded and brutal war. SURPRISED WORLD Finally, on a larger philosop- hical scale; Britain's victory surprised the world by proving that effete and fumbling democ- racies can, when their backs are to the wall, draw on reserves of technical initiative and moral strength that are more than a match for the much-lauded ef- ficiency of totalitarian regimes. One of the legends of the bat- tle is that Britain, unprepared for war in the appeasing 1930s, initiated a crash program to catch up with Nazi Germany after the Munich crisis of 1938. In fact development of the two mechanical factors that swung the victory -- direction-finding radio or radar and the eight- gun high - speed monoplane-- had been started as far back as 1934-35. Another legend is that the Su- permarine Spitfire, and to a les- ser extent the Hawker Hurri- cane, were superior machines to the best fighters the Luftwaffe could muster at the time. The worried Heinkel pilot's call "Achtung, Achtung Schpifeur" helped build the iegend. The truth is the British planes, powered by Rolls-Royce Merlin engines, and the Messer- schmitt 109E were almost per- fectly matched. The 109E could out-dive and out-climb the Hur- ricane but the graceful Spitfire had the edge in manoeuvrabil- ity. Always More Planes Ready Than Trained Pilots To Fly The Spitfire had a top speed of 355 miles an hour at 19,000 feet and took 6.2 minutes to climb to its normal operational height of 15,000 feet. The Messerschmitt, of which more than 1,000 were flung into the battle by the Germans, could do 355 m.p.h. at 18,000 feet, had the same rate of climb as the Spitfire but was superior in performance above 20,000 feet. Both fighters had service ceilings of about 35,000 feet. Another misconception is that Britain nearly lost the battle be- cause of a chronic shortage of fighters. In fact there were al- ways more planes available than there were trained pilots to fly them. Thanks to the tough tycoon- like tactics the late Lord Beav- erbrook brought to the ministry of aircraft production, the num- ber of serviceable fighters never fell below 700. There were always at least 200 fight- ers in reserve and except for one three-week period during the three-month battle new air- craft were being produced faster than they were being lost. The machines could be re- placed or repaired; the pilots were dead, wounded or ex- hausted, It took 50 times as long to train a pilot as it did to build a Spitfire for him. Weary and nerve - shattered pilots were rotated to quieter sectors as much as possible but all too frequently the new boys were killed on their first day out. The burden fell increas- ingly on the older hands and "the Few" were getting fewer all the time. One of the greatest of the 1940 myths arose out of the wildly exaggerated claims issued by both sides. On the British side this was apparently caused by honest confusion in the heat of the battle. The Luftwaffe fig- ures seem to have been based on poor intelligence plus a na- tural desire to feed Goering the information he wanted to hear. As it was the RAF claimed a total of 2,698 enemy aircraft de- stroyed and actually shot down only 1,733. The Germans claimed 3,058 and actually de- stroyed only 915. These figures must be bal- anced by the fact the Germans were losing four-man bomber crews as well as fighter pilots over enemy territory. So grave was the German view of this de- pletion that after Aug. 15 Goer- ing ordered the German bomb- ers never to carry more than oné officer. n the other hand the British figures only include the fighters taking part in the actual battle --not the other aircraft taking part in offensive raids. And the RAF counted everything that could still fly as a survivor. The large number of planes that were crippled and out of service for weeks are not incorporated in the final tally. SEE RAF FIGHTERS (Continued on Page 8) a ne eT By Jack Gearin Airport's Future Poses A Key Problem The Creek Valley Express- way? Let's forget it for today. Let's talk instead about the -Oshawa' airport, that sprawling, municipally - operated 495-acre northwest site Jong a hush-hush subject at open City Council meetings The pendulum swung finally last week, not much, but a little Council started to talk in the open once again about the con- troversial airport. As a result, the City current- ly is pondering two moves: 1 = Purchase of the airport land from the Federal Depart- ment of Transport, most of which is leased by the City from the FDT for $1 per year. 2 -- Relocation of the airport out of town (the 'Oshawa Fly- ing Club leases the balance of the land from the FDT for $1 per year) so that the City can use the site for such things as new schools, including the proposed college. What to do with the airport 6o that the best interests of the municipality will be served poses a many-sided, complex problem, but this much should be remembered: Not only is there strong oppo- sition on. Council to the proposal for purchase of the site (the exploratory plan only passed, 6-3), but there appears to be no valid evidence that the Federal government would dispose of it . at any price. Richard Donald, the first-time Uderman who is spearheading the revolutionary purchase pro- posal, has stated his case clear- ly. He is concerned lest Ottawa suddenly decide to dispose of the site right under the City's nose, perhaps without any warn- ing. Aldermen like Christine Thomas scoff at such an idea. Other veteran aldermen, such as John Brady, say there is "much valuable data" available from previous Council investiga- tions. Veteran Mr. Brady sug- gested, furthermore, that if young Mr. Donald would read such evidence he -would prob- ably change his stand about: the whole affair. Mr. Donald may be right in his stand for quick action (does- n't the early bird usually catch the worm?) and it seems na- tural that there should be some division on such a complex prob- ler, but the final decision should have the endorsation of a sizeable Council majority at least. It should not be rammed through without intelligent de- bate and deep research. The stakes are too big for any slip- shod, hasty action. Mr. Donald pointed out that the Federal government was currently assisting in the ex- pansion of smal] airports and the relocation of others. In an- swer to this, Mr. Brady said that no regional relocation site was available when investigated 'a few years ago". He said it would be a "tragedy" if the air- port was moved outside the City. -He added that land for the proposed new college would ' panding development be more readily available than land for a new airport. And thus the battle raged. Here are a few of the key questions to be answered: 1 -- Is the city airport -- subsidized annually by the tax- payers to the tune of $15,000- $18,000 -- of value to the muni- cipality from an industrial de- velopment point of view? Will it help draw industry in the ex- we all wait and pray for? _2 -- What effect would reloca- tion have on local industries such as General Motors, which now use it for such things as imports of small parts in emer- gency sessions? One of the cre- dos of the Oshawa Industrial Commission -- expenditures for which will hit $28,000 this year -- is that local industry should be served to a reasonable de- gree as well as incoming indus- try. How far should such sub- sidization go? The biggest user of the city airport today is the Oshawa Flying Club, with a membership preponderantly from out of town. _ 3--Is the City over-generous in its airport subsidization with the costly maintenance of such things as snow-clearance on the Tunways with plows from the Board of Works yard urgently needed during big storms in other parts of the city? The City paid out $17,703 in 1962 to keep the airport oper- ative and the 1965 bill. will be in the same neighborhood. Under ita lease with the De partment of Transport, the City must maintain landing strips, lighting facilities, sewers, roads and other facilities. It must also keep the land, building and other installations in a good state of repair. Ex-alderman Walicr Lane, now a resident of Oakville, minced no words in 1962 when he spoke about the airport. He would apenly berate his council colleagues collectively for what he termed~"your poor admini- stration record at the city's air- port'. He didn't think the city garnered one-half the revenue to which it was entitled from the project. With his voice at a dra- matic high pitch, Mr, Lane would shout: "'We will all be accused of a wanton lack of moral courage if we let this business continue the way it is.' There was never any re- sponse. When Christine. Thomas was elected mayor in 1962 stié\prom- ised in her inaugural speech that there would be "a re- appraisal and re'evaluation of the airport'. Whether or not this came about, the public was not kept informed. Former City Solicitor Edward G, McNeely -- at council's re- quest -- made a report on air- port properties in 1962. It was reported to be "a comprehen- sive report on the operation of the airport," but it still gathers dust in the City Hall archives. Let's take a good hard look at the airport operation from all angles, but let's make the in- vestigation public. 'Un Mut) HOW LONG WILL IT LAST ? vurtnegra gtd rts even eonntn YEARS AGO 20 YEARS AGO Aug. 10, 1945° Rey. B. 8. Morwood assumed his duties as minister of North- minster United Church. Bandsman "'Bill" McLean of the Oshawa Civic and Regimen- tal Band, was honored on his retirement aster 53 years' serv- ice with the band. 35 YEARS AGO Aug. 10, 1930 City Council decided to have a vote of the ratepayers on Au- gust 28 on a bylaw to provide new municipal buildings and a police station. The official majority of W. H. Moore in the federal election in Ontario Riding was an- nounced as 470, Pennell's Progress Mr. Lawrence T. Pennell, 50, the new Solicitor General, slip- ped unobtrusively into the Com- mons in 1962 and was re-elected in 1963. The lawyer from Brant- ford never received any particu- lar attention until he was made chairman of a cranky commit- tee investigating alleged efforts by some Liberals to have a So- cial Creditor join their party in- stead of the Conservatives, Mr. Pennell, a former air crew flight lieutenant overseas, proved a_ tough, consistent chairman who insisted on the rules of order being maintained whatever the party passions. He began then to be talked about as a coming man and a year ago was made Parliamentary Secre- tary to the Finance Minister which gave him a chance to prove he could answer questions and pilot bits of tricky legisla- tion through the House. From. back bench to Cabinet. rank in three years is good go- ing and Mr. Pennell 'has been lucky in the opportunities which have been opened for him. The tests he has survived in public life are small compared to those that lie ahead, but we would ex- pect his Cabinet colleagues are glad to have him on board. (Ottawa Journal) WATCH SWITCH SWINDLE ACCRA (AP) -- Specially- trained men patrolled market- places here to protect illiter- ates from swindlers trying to make a quick profit as Ghana- jans queued up at banks and post offices to change their old money for new. U.S. Governors Hold Parley But President Stays Home By ARCH MacKENZIE WASHINGTON (CP) -- The annual political show called the governors' conference -- per haps the closest thing in Ameri- can life to the Canadian federal- provincial conference--has just ended in Minneapolis. The Canadian exercise, on the basis of what happened recently in Ottawa among the, prime minister and 10 premiers, might be described as a place where the doors are closed and the participants shout about a num- ber of vital economic and polit- ical clashes in jurisdiction. At Minneapolis, the doors were opened wide and tne 50 governors shouted about an ar- ray of topics ranging from the Vietnamese war to drought. It was, at least for the Republi- cans who are outnumbered 33 to 17, a sort of political beauty contest with speculation whether some one in the group just might be the man to take on President Johnson in the 1968 presidential election. STAYED HOME But the measure of the con- ference as a hard - bargaining group can be seen on two counts. Johnson did not even bother to attend--he flew most of the governors back to Wash- ington to press home his logic for expanding the Vietnamese war--and Vice-President Hubert Humphrey made a non-partisan speech. Second and most important, through a decision taken two years ago, the governors cannot even pass any resolutions. Even the game of sizing up future presidential candidate timber was spoiled because Governor Nelson Rockefeller of New York, the man with the most allure, had announced his resignation from the race just before the conference. Governor William Scranton of Pennsylvania, who made a late French Leader and feeble effort last year to block Barry Goldwater's nomi- nation, still is being described as a fellow with two minds and halfa heart about his future commitments. uy There was, however, one re- curring theme which bound the 50 governors together and which is an echo of the stand of the 10 provinces to the north. No state feels it has enough money and most states feel the federal gov- ernment is getting more and -more of the available supply. TAX-SHARING For a year now a plan attrib- uted to Walter Heller, a former senior economics adviser to President Johnson, has been un- der discussion. It is baxed somewhat on the lines of Can- ada's tax-sharing arrangements with the provinces, in force in some form or other since the end of the Second World War. The states seem to like the prospects but some of the Ca- nadian differences of view are emerging in this country. Gov- ernor Rockefeller, for example, wants any tax-splitting with the federal government to come in the form of "non - categorical grants." He doesn't want any strings on the money, as Quebec and some other provinces have argued. This sentiment, it is reported, runs squarely against the pre- vailing view of the White House which would like to nail down each slice of tax rebate for edu- cation, for anti-poverty work, for highways or similar proj- ects, Another matter, long debated in Canada: If the rebates are on a proportional basis, the rich giants of New Yotk and Cali- fornia would get the lion's share. This recalls the standing complaint by British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario that they were subsidizing their poorer colleagues. Determined To Provoke Crisis At Any Cost Granby La Voix de l'Est-- France's attitude at the con- ference of ministers of the European Common Market largely contributéd to the fail- ure of those talks, The con- duct of Charles de Gaulle is not comforting for the other members of the Common Market. One sincerely wond- ers whether the president of France was not determined, whatever the cost, to provoke this crisis. The technical prob- lems under _ consideration were not insoluble. The crisis came with study of the financing of agricult- ural policy, when it was pro- TODAY IN, HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Aug. 10, 1965... The Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry, one of the last private reg- iments, was raised 51 years ago today--in 1914--by A. Hamilton Gault, a Montreal businessman. Vete tans of the Boer War were first en- rolled and the regiment went into the line in France on Christmas Eve. Owing to casualties it was re- formed four times during the First World War. total of 1,287 men died at Ypres alone, where Major Gault lost a leg. The regi- ment now is part of the Ca- nadian Army, based at Ed- monton, and was the first foreign unit ever to win a U.S. presidential citation, during the Korean War. 1519 -- Magellan's 'expedi- tion began its circumnavi- gation of the world. 1846--The Smithsonian In- stitution was founded in Washington, D.C. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915 -- Lomza, northeast of Warsaw, sutrendered to the Austro - German advance; heavy fighting continued on both fronts in the Gallipoli peninsula. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day--in 1940--the Luftwaffe allowed a day's respite in its bombardment of Eng- land; P. A. Chester, general manager of the Hudson's Bay Company, was put in charge of military procure- ment in Canada. posed to draw on the eco- nomic' community for the needed funds. To reach a de- cision, a political step for- ward was required, for the community obviously insisted on certain controls. But France wanted an immediate financial settlement and _re- fused to increase the powers of the parliament of Stras- bourg. The council's inability to agree on a new meeting date completed the break. The other members of the Common Market are trying to fathom France's reasons for acting in this way. They wonder~ if Paris takes the Common Markets as defined in the Treaty of Rome, seri- ously. This attitude is all the more puzzling to them in view of the fact that it is in France's interest for the com- mon objective to be realized as soon as possible. In some views Paris wants a test of strength within the Common Market. But there is doubt that the community can stand permanent crisis with- out imperilling its work of un- ification. There is fear for the future if the de Gaulle gov- ernment does not seek agree- ment on the political and technical issues that are the causes of the present crisis. BIBLE | God is our refuge and strength ,, a very present help in trouble.--Psalm 46:1. ¥ The Lord provides a refuge in the storms of life, strength for the burdens and help in our troubles, One of th interesting of ie more these plaque ceremonies 'is honor the late Harry Nixon; Not too well remembered is prime, minister of the. province prime m He held office only » This age ogy Mitch gave up the premiership nominated Gordon Conant to succeed him in the troubled as of 1942. "os party convention - following year partner Poon | Mr. Conant in favor: of Mr, Nixon. And this even-then veteran of the legislature led the province for the next three months, His Liberal government was defeated by George Drew in an election that summer. And he ended up with the shortest ten- ure in office in the province's history. LONG RECORD He will be remembered more for his very lengthy stay in the legislature as a member rather than for his term as premier. He led an essentially care- taker government, carrying on existing policies and witheut a mandate of his own from the public. But he actually sat in the house continuously for 43 years, until his death-in 1961, at the age of 70. This is a record which may eventually be challenged by fel- low Liberal Farquhar Oliver, who is at present on his 4ist year. But aside from this one poten- tial challenge it is unique in the history of the province. On the Conservative side at present only Rev. A. W. Dow- ner, former Speaker and mem- ber for Dufferin-Simcoe, tops 20 years. ina Mr. Downer was first elected in 1957 and has 28 years service, No other P.C, has more than 20. GENTLE MAN If the writer were to pay tribute to Harry Nixon the qual- ity he would stress was his gentlemanliness, with the em- phasis on the 'gentle'. He served in various govern- ments, including. that of E,'C. Drury when he entered the house in 1919. But he mainly occupied posts such as provincial secretary which do not bring a man much in the public eye. However he was known to every member of the many leg- islatures in which he sat as a considerate man always willing to be of help. Once or twice a session he would become aroused and give a fighting speech. But. for the most part he was the helpful colleague rather than Jed _ -- and a man who made his biggest impact through helping shen. - 'Loose Talk' Grief In India By RUKMINI DEVI. Canadian "ress Correspondent BOMBAY (CP) -- The Indian government is worried about what is described in the press as "'loose-tongued" officials who have a poor sense of secrecy and talk too freely with foreign- ers. Newspaper men say the ten- dency is regarded as going against national interests. The New Delhi correspondent of the Bombay Evening News reported that the government is "concemed at the way in which officials are constantly mixing with members of foreign mis- sions, not all of whom are thought to be motivated by sim- ple generosity. "The prime minister himself is believed to have taken a serious view of junior officials queueing up for drinks at one house after another." The News correspondent added that in future every official in- vited to a party by a foreign diplomatic mission will have to obtain permission from his de- partmental head. Other con- tacts, he reported also will have to be cleared if they in- volve diplomats. Many ruling Congress party politicians also are frankly con- cerned ober what they consider "drinking Ofgies"' in the capital, There are some 70 diplomatic missions in the Indian capital. Some of them are known to throw lavish cocktail parties two or even three times a week, Besides government officials, guests include journalists, busi- nessmen, college professors and even students. PRESENTS it ] A Flavoured Wine "SERVE COLD ON THE ROCKS OR WITH YOUR FAVOURITE MIX" LONDON WINERY LTD